CN111678882A - Method for predicting weathering crust ion adsorption type rare earth deposit horizon through ancient diving space - Google Patents
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for predicting a weathering crust ion adsorption type rare earth deposit horizon through an ancient diving space, which comprises the steps of collecting samples of the weathering crust to carry out trace element analysis and visible light-near infrared reflection spectrum analysis, calculating the change of Ce content in the whole rock of the weathering crust, namely Ce, and the position of an absorption peak of the visible light-near infrared reflection spectrum which can represent the relative content of hematite-goethite in a 480-530nm wave band (P500), wherein a boundary line which is formed by rapidly changing Ce in the weathering crust from positive to negative and remarkably reducing P500 is the ancient diving space of the weathering crust, and the rare earth element rich ore horizon in the weathering crust is distributed below the ancient diving space. Further improve the accuracy of delineating ore bodies and evaluating the deposit reserves of the rich ore layer of the weathering ion adsorption type rare earth deposit, and meet the aim of high-efficiency utilization of rare earth resources in the weathering ion adsorption type rare earth deposit prospecting work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rare earth ore exploration, and particularly relates to a method for predicting a weathering crust ion adsorption type rare earth ore deposit horizon through an ancient diving space.
Background
The rare earth elements are widely applied in various fields such as national defense and military industry, aerospace, special materials, metallurgy, energy, agriculture and the like, and are called as industrial vitamins. In recent years, due to rapid development in the fields of aerospace, new energy, new materials and the like, rare earth becomes a key strategic resource. The demand for rare earths in developed western countries has increased year by year, resulting in a continuous rise in the price of rare earths (especially heavy rare earths) in the international market. Driven by market demands and economic benefits, the exploration, development and utilization of rare earth ore deposits are very important in recent years in all countries around the world. The weathering crust ion adsorption type rare earth deposit in southern areas of China (provinces such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi and the like) is one of important rare earth resource types in China, and provides three-quarter of heavy rare earth products in the world.
The weathering crust ion-adsorbing rare earth deposits have developed in large numbers in rock weathering crust based on granite. The weathering crust of rocks in the regions is as thick as 10-30 meters, and favorable conditions are provided for the formation and the preservation of the rare earth deposits. The rare earth elements in the rock weathering crust are separated out and adsorbed on secondary minerals of the weathering crust along with mineral decomposition after strong efflorescence of rare earth-rich bedrock (granite and volcanic). If the rare earth content in the rock weathering crust can reach the boundary grade (above 300 ppm) available for mining, an ore deposit can be formed. During the mineral exploration process such as planning a mineral-forming prospect, defining the range of an ore body and evaluating the reserve of an ore deposit, the approximate position and distribution of the ore body need to be known in advance.
At present, for the exploration and the body delineation of the weathering crust ion adsorption type rare earth deposit, the sampling analysis is mainly directly carried out on the depth range of 3-5m of the weathering crust. However, the burial depth of the ore body is generally 1-10m, so that part of the ore body is often ignored or lost with leachate due to peripheral mining, and is not reasonably utilized. Therefore, in the process of prospecting or delineating, delineating the range of an ore body, evaluating the reserve of an ore deposit and the like, a specific index is needed to pre-evaluate the approximate range of the ore body, even accurately delineate the distribution of the ore body, thereby providing effective support for the related ion-adsorption type rare earth ore deposit prospecting work, achieving the purposes of accurate evaluation and high-efficiency utilization of rare earth resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for predicting the ore-rich layer position of a weathering crust ion-adsorption type rare earth deposit through an ancient diving space, further improve the accuracy of delineating ore bodies and evaluating the deposit reserves of the ore-rich layer position of the weathering ion-adsorption type rare earth deposit, and meet the aim of efficiently utilizing rare earth resources in the prospecting work of the weathering crust ion-adsorption type rare earth deposit.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention is specifically realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for predicting the ion adsorption type rare earth deposit horizon of a weathering crust through an ancient diving space comprises the steps of carrying out trace element analysis on a sample of the weathering crust, calculating the change of Ce content in the whole rock of the weathering crust, namely Ce, and taking a boundary of Ce in the weathering crust rapidly changed from positive to negative as the ancient diving space of the weathering crust; detecting the content ratio of hematite to goethite in the sample of the weathering crust, wherein the position where the content ratio of hematite to goethite is rapidly reduced is the ancient diving space of the weathering crust; and (4) comprehensively obtaining the ancient diving space, and distributing the rare earth element ore-rich layer in the weathering crust below the ancient diving space.
The calculation formula of Ce is as follows:
Ce=CeN/(LaN×PrN)1/2
ce in the formulaN、LaN、PrNRepresent the normalized values for spherulite merle for Ce, La, Pr, respectively.
The method obtains the relative content of hematite-goethite by reading the absorption peak position of the sample spectrum of the weathering crust in 480-530nm wave band (P500). In different depths of the weathering crust, P500 is close to 530nm, which shows that the sample mainly contains hematite and has lower goethite content;
p500 is near 480nm, which indicates that the sample mainly contains goethite and has low content of hematite. The boundary of the rapid transition from hematite to goethite in the weathering crust is the ancient diving space.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention relates to a method for accurately searching a rare earth rich horizon of a weathering crust, which determines an ancient diving space and a rare earth rich horizon below the ancient diving space through the rapid change of the relative contents of Ce and hematite-goethite in the weathering crust;
2) according to the invention, through accurately delineating minerals, the problems of rare earth ore body missing, rare earth loss in the mining process and the like can be avoided, and rare earth resources can be efficiently and reasonably utilized;
3) the invention is applied by combining the analysis technology related to visible light-near infrared reflection spectrum or related remote sensing technology, and meets the requirement of weathering crust ion adsorption type rare earth deposit prospecting exploration work on fast and accurately delineating ore bodies.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the change in Ce content in samples of weathering hulls according to examples of the invention;
FIG. 2 is the relative content of hematite-goethite in the examples of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is the REE content of samples of shells of examples of the present invention as determined by ICP-MS.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for predicting a mineral-rich layer position of a weathering crust ion adsorption type rare earth deposit through an ancient diving space, which judges the exact position of the ancient diving space by means of rapid change of Ce in the weathering crust and rapid change of relative content of hematite-goethite and the like, and judges the mineral-rich layer position of the rare earth deposit through that the mineral-rich layer position of rare earth elements in the weathering crust is mainly distributed below the ancient diving space. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. analyzing the trace elements of a weathering crust sample collected in the field;
b. calculating Ce of the whole rock of the weathering crust by the following formula, wherein a boundary line of the Ce in the weathering crust from positive to negative is an ancient diving space of the weathering crust;
Ce=CeN/(LaN×PrN)1/2
ce in the formulaN,LaN,PrNRepresent the normalized values for spherulite merle for Ce, La, Pr, respectively.
c. Performing visible light-near infrared reflection spectrum analysis on a weathering crust sample collected in the field;
d. the relative content of hematite-goethite is obtained by reading the absorption peak position of the sample spectrum of the weathered crust in 480-530nm wave band (P500). The boundary of the rapid transition from hematite to goethite in the weathering crust is the standard of the ancient diving space to assist in judging the ancient diving space;
e. the overall distribution of the ancient diving sites is judged according to the standards, and rare earth ore bodies are delineated according to the basis that the rich ore layer of the weathering crust ion adsorption type rare earth ore deposit is below the ancient diving sites.
Example 1
The samples are from rock weathered shells of certain ion adsorption type rare earth deposits in Meizhou city of Guangdong province, in the example, the contents of Ce and rare earth elements in samples with different depths of the weathered shells are calculated (table 1), and the relative contents of hematite-goethite (table 2) are calculated to obtain an ancient diving space indicated by the rapid change of Ce, hematite-goethite, so that the rare earth elements are obviously enriched under the ancient diving space.
TABLE 1
Depth (m) | 0.1 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 6.4 | 8.8 | 10.5 | 12.7 |
δCe | 2.6 | 3.7 | 2.5 | 4.3 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
REE | 211 | 246 | 261 | 195 | 625 | 813 | 220 | 284 | 169 |
Depth (m) | 15.0 | 18.8 | 20.6 | 21.6 | 25.3 | 27.4 | 30.0 | 33.5 | 35.1 |
δCe | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
REE | 504 | 168 | 113 | 128 | 127 | 209 | 248 | 295 | 299 |
Depth (m) | 39.4 | 41.4 | 43.4 | 45.0 | 48.0 | 49.5 | 58.6 | 69.0 | 78.3 |
δCe | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
REE | 288.4 | 260.0 | 286.4 | 297.0 | 117.2 | 299.5 | 171.5 | 332.5 | 337.6 |
For samples with a loose structure and strong efflorescence, about 2g of the powder was placed in a container with a depth of 0.5cm and a diameter of 1.5cm, and the surface was flattened by means of a glass plate. The treated powder samples were measured 2 times from different directions spaced at about 90 ° intervals and the raw spectral data was recorded. Raw spectral data of multiple measurements of the same sample are averaged by using the ViewSpecpro software to serve as final spectral data of the sample, so that random errors caused by sample nonuniformity are eliminated. Baseline correction (referred to as "continuum removal" or "de-envelope") was then performed using TSG software, followed by extraction of the 500nm spectral peak wavelength (where reflectance is minimal).
The characteristics of the visible-near infrared reflectance spectrum can be indicative of the relative amounts of two different iron-containing minerals hematite and goethite in the sample. Hematite and goethite represent relatively dry and wet environments, respectively, and thus the relative content of hematite and goethite in the weathering crust samples may also indicate the location of the diving surface. P500 represents the absorption position of the weathering crust sample in the visible-near infrared reflection spectrum around the 500nm wave band. The characteristics of the visible-near infrared reflectance spectrum can be indicative of the relative amounts of two different iron-containing minerals hematite and goethite in the sample. In the depth range of 0-5m of the weathered shell, P500 is more than 500nm, which indicates that the sample is mainly hematite and has lower goethite content; in the depth range of the weathering crust from 5 to 80m, P500 is less than 500nm, which shows that the sample mainly contains goethite and has low content of hematite.
TABLE 2
Depth (m) | 0.1 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 6.4 | 8.8 | 10.5 |
P500(nm) | 528 | 528 | 528 | 529 | 528 | 523 | 525 | 493 | 486 | 488 |
Depth (m) | 12.7 | 15.0 | 17.3 | 18.8 | 20.6 | 21.6 | 23.4 | 25.3 | 27.4 | 29.4 |
P500(nm) | 488 | 490 | 488 | 494 | 491 | 490 | 488 | 489 | 488 | 488 |
Depth (m) | 30.0 | 31.2 | 33.5 | 35.1 | 37.1 | 39.4 | 41.4 | 43.4 | 45.0 | 48.0 |
P500(nm) | 487 | 490 | 488 | 489 | 490 | 487 | 488 | 488 | 488 | 487 |
In this example, trace elements were measured by ICP-MS to obtain the REE content, then the change of Ce in the sample was calculated (table 1 and fig. 1), P500 was obtained by visible-near infrared test, the relative content of hematite-goethite could be characterized by ASD FIELDSPEC 3 analysis (table 2 and fig. 2), and then the enrichment level of rare earth elements under the ancient diving space was determined by the ancient diving space indicated by sharp change of Ce, hematite-goethite. Therefore, the rare earth ore body of the weathering crust can be accurately delineated, the problems of rare earth ore body leakage, rare earth loss in the mining process and the like are avoided, and the rare earth resource can be efficiently and reasonably utilized. And the requirement of quickly and accurately delineating an ore body in the weathering crust ion adsorption type rare earth deposit prospecting work is met.
The exact position of the ancient diving surface at 5m is judged by the combination of the sharp change of Ce and the sharp change of the relative content of hematite-goethite. And measuring the REE content in samples with different depths of the weathering crust by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) to be rapidly enriched below 5m (figure 3), which shows that the ore-rich layer position of the rare earth element is under the ancient groundwater judged by rapid change of Ce and rapid change of relative content of hematite-goethite. Therefore, the purpose that the rich ore layer of the weathering crust ion adsorption type rare earth deposit appears near the ancient diving surface can be judged through the rapid change of Ce and the rapid change of the relative content of hematite-goethite, and the method can be used for accurately delineating the rare earth ore body of the weathering crust and efficiently and reasonably utilizing rare earth resources.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A method for predicting the ion adsorption type rare earth deposit horizon of a weathering crust through an ancient diving space is characterized in that a sample of the weathering crust is subjected to trace element analysis, the change of Ce content in the whole rock of the weathering crust, namely Ce, is calculated, and the boundary of Ce in the weathering crust rapidly changed from positive to negative is the ancient diving space of the weathering crust; detecting the content ratio of hematite to goethite in the sample of the weathering crust, wherein the position where the content ratio of hematite to goethite is rapidly reduced is the ancient diving space of the weathering crust; and (4) comprehensively obtaining the ancient diving space, and distributing the rare earth element ore-rich layer in the weathering crust below the ancient diving space.
2. The method for predicting the level of the ion-adsorbing rare earth deposit of the weathering crust according to claim 1, wherein the formula of Ce is as follows:
Ce=CeN/(LaN×PrN)1/2
ce in the formulaN、LaN、PrNRepresent the normalized values for spherulite merle for Ce, La, Pr, respectively.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hematite-goethite content ratio is obtained by reading the absorption peak position of the sample spectrum of the weathering crust at 480-530nm band.
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Cited By (5)
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CN113252600A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-13 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | Method for analyzing ion adsorption state rare earth content of weathering crust sample by reflection spectrum |
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CN116754588A (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-09-15 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | Method for predicting ion adsorption type rare earth deposit burial depth in weathered crust |
CN116754588B (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-12-15 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | Method for predicting ion adsorption type rare earth deposit burial depth in weathered crust |
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