CN111678566B - Rapid test method for acid content of lead-acid storage battery - Google Patents
Rapid test method for acid content of lead-acid storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111678566B CN111678566B CN202010565953.8A CN202010565953A CN111678566B CN 111678566 B CN111678566 B CN 111678566B CN 202010565953 A CN202010565953 A CN 202010565953A CN 111678566 B CN111678566 B CN 111678566B
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- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of lead-acid storage batteries, solves the problems of long period and inaccurate result of a method for testing the acid content of a lead-acid storage battery in the prior art, and provides a method for quickly testing the acid content of the lead-acid storage battery, which comprises the following steps: (1) respectively weighing the dry weight of each pole group in sequence; (2) slowly adding pure water into the battery jar, covering the middle cover, putting the acid kettle, and treating in a negative pressure box; (3) adding pure water for the second time, continuing the treatment in the negative pressure box, and repeating for 2-3 times; (4) taking down the acid pot and the middle cover, and then placing the battery upside down; (5) taking out the pole groups, and respectively weighing the wet weight of each pole group; (6) and calculating the acid-containing total volume V and the single lattice acid volume V0 of the lead-acid storage battery. The method has short test time and convenient operation, and is suitable for testing the acid-containing volume of the battery; the problem that the acid can participate in the reaction and cannot be calculated is solved by adopting water instead of acid; the volume value is determined by the ratio of the weight difference between dry and wet state and the density of water with known density, which is very convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lead-acid storage batteries, in particular to a method for quickly testing the acid content of a lead-acid storage battery.
Background
The invention of the lead-acid storage battery has the history of more than 150 years, and is widely applied due to the advantages of good reliability, high cost performance, recyclability and the like. The electrolyte of the lead-acid storage battery is completely adsorbed in the separator and the micropores of the active ratio substance and is fixed and does not flow, the acid adding amount of the storage battery is often strictly limited for smooth oxygen circulation, in the design and production control of the lead-acid storage battery, the problems of low gas recombination rate, liquid leakage or acid mist discharge, serious imbalance among batteries and the like are caused due to inaccurate acid adding amount control, and the correct determination and control of the acid adding amount are important links for determining the performance of the storage battery. In lead-acid batteries, the amount of electrolyte must be "limited to a large amount, a small amount" and a strict limit.
At present, there are two main categories of accumulation method and difference method for designing acid content. The accumulation method is a calculation method for accumulating the saturated acid content of the inner holes of the polar plate and the clapboard to obtain the total acid content. The difference rule is a calculation method for subtracting the actual volume of the plate body and the actual volume of the separator plate from the actual volume of the total pole group. The plate volume is removed from the plate porosity factor. Both calculation methods have certain uncontrollable factors, and particularly on the calculation of a lead-acid power battery for an electric bicycle, the calculation error influence is large because the internal space of the battery is small, so that the design cannot be more accurate. The accumulation method is usually calculated after measuring the acid absorption value of a large amount of after-formation pole plates, so that the measurement is convenient during the external formation, but the after-formation pole plates need to be washed and dried during the internal formation, and then the saturated acid absorption value is obtained through the measurement. The separator absorbance values are the absorbance values measured at different assembly pressures. And finally, calculating according to the relevant parameters to obtain the acid content of the storage battery. Because of too many sample processing differences and process influencing factors, the calculated value obtained by the method is greatly different from the actual value. The difference method needs to theoretically calculate according to the appearance size of the polar plate, but the size of the polar plate is changed and different under the influence of the apparent density and the conversion from a green polar plate to a cooked polar plate, so that the volume of the polar plate is not accurate, and the porosity of the polar plate has a large influence on the calculation result due to the measurement relation and the process influence.
Practical experimental methods are also often adopted in production: and weighing the mass of the semi-finished battery after the green plate is assembled, weighing the mass of the battery again after the battery formation is finished and the acid is pumped out, calculating the difference value of the two masses to obtain the process acid content of the single battery, and repeatedly adjusting. The test period is very long, the acid content value is not the actual acid content of the battery, the difference of the acid content of each cell cannot be compared, the difference of results of different batteries caused by the processes of adding acid and forming is very large, the operation is troublesome, and the deviation is easy to generate. The determination of the acid content of the battery is necessary for guiding the optimization of the acid adding and formation process and judging the performance of the cooked battery, and in order to solve the problems, a method for rapidly and accurately determining the acid content of the battery needs to be found out urgently, and a rapid test method for the acid content of the lead-acid storage battery is lacked in the existing production process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a quick test method for the acid content of a lead-acid storage battery, which is short in period and high in accuracy and aims to solve the problems that the acid content test method of the lead-acid storage battery in the prior art is long in period and inaccurate in result.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for rapidly testing the acid content of a lead-acid storage battery comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively weighing the dry weight of each pole group in sequence, and marking the dry weight as m11, m12, … … and m1n, and then loading the pole groups into a battery jar;
(2) slowly adding pure water into the battery jar, covering the middle cover, putting the acid kettle, and treating in a negative pressure box;
(3) taking down the acid pot and the middle cover, adding pure water for the second time, continuing to process in the negative pressure box, and repeating for 2-3 times until the liquid level of the battery is not reduced any more;
(4) taking down the acid pot and the middle cover, then placing the battery upside down, and observing until no water drips out;
(5) taking out the pole groups treated in the step (4), and respectively weighing the wet weights of the pole groups according to the weighing sequence in the step (1), wherein the wet weights are recorded as m21, m22, … … and m2 n;
(6) calculating the total acid-containing volume V and the single lattice acid-absorbing volume V of the lead-acid storage battery0。
The acid-containing volume of the battery can be indirectly calculated according to the mass of the added water, and finally the acid content of the battery can be guided to be designed. Comparing the values between the cells, the consistency of the acid containing volume of the cells can be determined.
The invention provides a method for rapidly testing the acid content of a lead-acid storage battery, which is not only suitable for testing the acid content of the whole battery, but also can test the difference of the acid content among different cells. The method can provide a basis for the design of the acid content of the battery and the control of the production; the difference of acid content of different cells of the battery can be judged to reduce the occurrence of single falling of the battery.
Preferably, in the steps (2) and (3), the negative pressure in the negative pressure box is controlled to be 0.03-0.04 MPa in the treatment process.
Preferably, in the steps (2) and (3), the treatment time in the negative pressure box is controlled to be 30-40 s.
Preferably, in step (1), the number of the pole groups is 6.
Preferably, in the step (1), the electrode group is formed by cross stitch welding of 4 positive electrode plates and 5 negative electrode plates.
Preferably, in the step (6), the acid-containing total volume V of the lead-acid storage battery is calculated according to the following formula:
V＝(m21-m11+m22-m12+……+m2n-m1n)/Pwater (W)，PWater (W)The density of the added pure water.
Preferably, in step (6), the calculation of the lead-acid battery is performed according to the following formula:
V0dry weight of single lattice group/PWater (W)，PWater (W)The density of the added pure water.
Preferably, in step (1), the pole group is ensured to enter the groove to the bottom.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the test time is short, the operation is convenient, and the method is suitable for testing the acid-containing volume of the battery;
(2) the problem that the acid can participate in the reaction and cannot be calculated is solved by adopting water instead of acid;
(3) the density ratio of the weight difference between dry and wet states to the density is the volume value by adopting water with known density, which is very convenient;
(4) after the method is used for testing, the polar plate can be used continuously after being dried, so that the cost of test materials is reduced;
(5) a rapid test method is provided for the acid-containing volume and the unit cell consistency of the lead-acid storage battery.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further specifically described below by way of specific examples.
In the present invention, all the equipment and materials are commercially available or commonly used in the art, and the methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
(1) The 6 different pole groups were weighed one by one in order: recording the dry weights m11, m12, m13, m14, m15 and m16, and then correspondingly loading the dry weights into battery tanks one by one to ensure that the pole group is inserted into the tank to the bottom;
(2) slowly adding pure water, adding water with a certain mass, covering the middle cover, putting the acid kettle, treating in a negative pressure box under the negative pressure of 0.04Mpa, and maintaining the pressure for 30 s;
(3) taking down the acid pot and the middle cover, adding pure water for the second time, continuing to process in the negative pressure box, and repeating for 2-3 times until the liquid level of the battery is not reduced;
(4) taking down the acid pot and the middle cover, then placing the battery upside down, and observing until no water drips out;
(5) taking out the single-grid electrode groups one by one according to the dry state marking sequence and weighing: recording as wet weights m21, m22, m23, m24, m25, m 26;
(6) calculating the total acid-containing volume V of the lead-acid storage battery according to the following formula:
V＝(m21-m11+m22-m12+m23-m13+m24-m14+m25-m15+m26-m16)/Pwater (W)，PWater (W)The density of the added pure water; calculating the volume V of the single lattice acid of the lead-acid storage battery according to the following formula0：
V0Dry weight of single lattice group/PWater (W)，PWater (W)The density of the added pure water.
Example 2
(1) The 6 different pole groups were weighed one by one in order: recording the dry weights m11, m12, m13, m14, m15 and m16, and then correspondingly loading the dry weights into battery tanks one by one to ensure that the pole group is inserted into the tank to the bottom;
(2) slowly adding pure water, adding water of certain mass, covering the middle cover, putting the acid kettle, treating in a negative pressure box under the negative pressure of 0.03MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 40 s;
(3) taking down the acid pot and the middle cover, adding pure water for the second time, continuing to process in the negative pressure box, and repeating for 2-3 times until the liquid level of the battery is not reduced;
(4) taking down the acid pot and the middle cover, then placing the battery upside down, and observing until no water drips out;
(5) taking out the single-grid electrode groups one by one according to the dry state marking sequence and weighing: recording as wet weights m21, m22, m23, m24, m25, m 26;
(6) calculating the total acid-containing volume V of the lead-acid storage battery according to the following formula:
V＝(m21-m11+m22-m12+m23-m13+m24-m14+m25-m15+m26-m16)/Pwater (W)，PWater (W)The density of the added pure water; calculating the volume V of the single lattice acid of the lead-acid storage battery according to the following formula0：
V0Dry weight of single lattice group/PWater (W)，PWater (W)The density of the added pure water.
Example 3
(1) The 6 different pole groups were weighed one by one in order: recording the dry weights m11, m12, m13, m14, m15 and m16, and then correspondingly loading the dry weights into battery tanks one by one to ensure that the pole group is inserted into the tank to the bottom;
(2) slowly adding pure water, adding water of certain mass, covering the middle cover, putting the acid kettle, treating in a negative pressure box under the negative pressure of 0.035Mpa, and maintaining the pressure for 35 s;
(3) taking down the acid pot and the middle cover, adding pure water for the second time, continuing to process in the negative pressure box, and repeating for 2-3 times until the liquid level of the battery is not reduced;
(4) taking down the acid pot and the middle cover, then placing the battery upside down, and observing until no water drips out;
(5) taking out the single-grid electrode groups one by one according to the dry state marking sequence and weighing: recording as wet weights m21, m22, m23, m24, m25, m 26;
(6) calculating the total acid-containing volume V of the lead-acid storage battery according to the following formula:
V＝(m21-m11+m22-m12+m23-m13+m24-m14+m25-m15+m26-m16)/Pwater (W)，PWater (W)The density of the added pure water; calculating the volume V of the single lattice acid of the lead-acid storage battery according to the following formula0：
V0Dry weight of single lattice group/PWater (W)，PWater (W)The density of the added pure water.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for rapidly testing the acid content of a lead-acid storage battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) respectively weighing the dry weight of each pole group in sequence, and marking the dry weight as m11, m12, … … and m1n, and then loading the pole groups into a battery jar;
(2) slowly adding pure water into the battery jar, covering the middle cover, putting the acid kettle, and treating in a negative pressure box;
(3) taking down the acid pot and the middle cover, adding pure water for the second time, continuing to process in the negative pressure box, and repeating for 2-3 times until the liquid level of the battery is not reduced any more;
(4) taking down the acid pot and the middle cover, then placing the battery upside down, and observing until no water drips out;
(5) taking out the pole groups treated in the step (4), and respectively weighing the wet weights of the pole groups according to the weighing sequence in the step (1), wherein the wet weights are recorded as m21, m22, … … and m2 n;
(6) calculating the total acid-containing volume V and the single lattice acid-absorbing volume V of the lead-acid storage battery0；
Calculating the total acid-containing volume V of the lead-acid storage battery according to the following formula:
V=(m21-m11+m22-m12+……+m2n-m1n)/Pwater (W)，PWater (W)The density of the added pure water;
calculating the volume V of the single lattice acid of the lead-acid storage battery according to the following formula0：
V0= (wet weight of single lattice group-dry weight of single lattice group)/PWater (W)，PWater (W)The density of the added pure water.
2. The method for rapidly testing the acid content of the lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, wherein in the steps (2) and (3), the negative pressure in the treatment process in the negative pressure box is controlled to be 0.03-0.04 MPa.
3. The method for rapidly testing the acid content of the lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, wherein in the steps (2) and (3), the treatment time in the negative pressure box is controlled to be 30-40 s.
4. The method for rapidly testing the acid content of the lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the number of the pole groups is 6.
5. The method for rapidly testing the acid content of the lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the electrode group is formed by cross stitch welding of 4 positive plates and 5 negative plates.
6. The method for rapidly testing the acid content of the lead-acid storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the step (1), the pole group is ensured to enter the groove to the bottom.
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