CN111676334A - Method for washing blast furnace before blowing out - Google Patents
Method for washing blast furnace before blowing out Download PDFInfo
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- CN111676334A CN111676334A CN202010583971.9A CN202010583971A CN111676334A CN 111676334 A CN111676334 A CN 111676334A CN 202010583971 A CN202010583971 A CN 202010583971A CN 111676334 A CN111676334 A CN 111676334A
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- smelting
- washing
- furnace
- coal injection
- blast furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/04—Making slag of special composition
Abstract
The application provides a method for cleaning a blast furnace before blowing out, belonging to the technical field of blowing out of an empty charge line for blast furnace ironmaking. The method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out comprises the steps of distributing materials at the throat part of the blast furnace and then washing and smelting the blast furnace. The standard of the smelting step of the washing furnace comprises the following steps: the edge temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the temperature of molten iron is not less than 1480 ℃. The furnace washing smelting step comprises the following steps of: in the slag, R is 1.05 to 1.16, MgO content is 8.0 to 9.0 wt%, and Al2O3The content of (A) is less than or equal to 15.0 wt%; in the molten iron, the content of Si is 0.60-0.90 wt%, the content of S is 0.025-0.045 wt%, and the content of Mn is 0.50-0.80 wt%. The cleaning time of the furnace wall and the furnace hearth can be shortened, and the blowing-out time of the blast furnace is effectively saved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of blowing out of an empty charge line for blast furnace iron making, in particular to a method for washing a blast furnace before blowing out of the blast furnace.
Background
At present, the blast furnace major-medium repair generally adopts an empty material line furnace stopping method, which can create convenient conditions for major-medium repair and realize safe and smooth furnace stopping; and secondly, the material raking work after the furnace is stopped is reduced, and the furnace stopping time is shortened for large and medium maintenance of the blast furnace.
In the prior art, the furnace wall is not clean after the furnace is stopped by adopting an empty material line stopping method, a plurality of positions of the furnace wall are still provided with bonding substances, a hearth is provided with deposits, the treatment time of the bonding substances of the furnace wall and the deposits of the hearth is long after the blast furnace is stopped and cooled, and the stopping time of the blast furnace is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out, which can shorten the cleaning time of a furnace wall and a furnace hearth and effectively save the blowing out time of the blast furnace.
The embodiment of the application is realized as follows:
the embodiment of the application provides a method for washing a blast furnace before blowing out, which comprises the steps of distributing materials at the throat part of the blast furnace and then washing and smelting the furnace.
The standard of the smelting step of the washing furnace comprises the following steps: the edge temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the temperature of molten iron is not less than 1480 ℃.
The furnace washing smelting step comprises the following steps of: in the slag, R is 1.05 to 1.16, MgO content is 8.0 to 9.0 wt%, and Al2O3The content of (A) is less than or equal to 15.0 wt%; in the molten iron, the content of Si is 0.60-0.90 wt%, the content of S is 0.025-0.045 wt%, and the content of Mn is 0.50-0.80 wt%.
The method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that:
controlling the material distribution step according to the requirements of the slag and the molten iron in the furnace washing smelting step, wherein the slag has proper alkalinity, so that the slag iron has good fluidity; the material containing Mn is mixed in the material distribution step, the Mn content in the molten iron is reasonably improved, and the material containing MgO is mixed in the material distribution step, so that the MgO content in the slag is reasonably controlled, and the viscosity of the slag can be reduced. When the molten iron passes through the furnace core belt, the molten iron can effectively dilute retained slag iron so as to improve the problem of accumulation at the center of the furnace hearth.
The molten iron has proper Mn content and S content, and the fluidity of the molten iron can be improved. In the step of furnace washing smelting, controlling the molten iron to have proper temperature according to the Mn content and the S content of the molten iron so that the molten iron has proper viscosity; the proper edge temperature is controlled according to the viscosity of the molten iron, so that the edge airflow is matched with the viscosity of the molten iron, and the molten iron is matched with the scouring of the edge airflow when flowing through the furnace wall, so that the furnace wall bonding materials can be effectively washed away.
The method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out can effectively solve the problem of accumulation in the center of the hearth, effectively wash out the furnace wall bonding materials, shorten the cleaning time of the furnace wall and the hearth, and effectively save the time for blowing out the blast furnace.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
It should be noted that "and/or" in the present application, such as "scheme a and/or scheme B" means that the three modes of scheme a alone, scheme B alone, scheme a plus scheme B may be used.
The method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out of the blast furnace according to the embodiment of the present application will be specifically described below.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for washing a blast furnace before blowing out, which comprises the following steps: distributing the material at the throat of the blast furnace, and then washing and smelting the material in the furnace. Illustratively, after the furnace washing and smelting step is completed, damping down materials are added for pre-damping down operation.
The standard of the smelting step of the washing furnace comprises the following steps: the edge temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the temperature of molten iron is not less than 1480 ℃.
The furnace washing smelting step comprises the following steps of: in the slag, R is 1.05-1.16 MgO content of 8.0-9.0 wt%, and Al2O3The content of (A) is less than or equal to 15.0 wt%; in the molten iron, the content of Si is 0.60-0.90 wt%, the content of S is 0.025-0.045 wt%, and the content of Mn is 0.50-0.80 wt%.
It can be understood that the content of the components in the slag and the molten iron in the furnace washing and smelting step is realized by adjusting the components of the materials in the material distribution step. The molten iron contains Mn, which indicates that Mn-containing materials are adopted in the material distribution step.
In the embodiment of the application, the slag has proper alkalinity, so that the slag iron has better fluidity; a part of MgO in the materials arranged in the material distribution step can enter the slag, so that the MgO content in the slag is reasonably controlled, and the viscosity of the slag can be reduced. When the molten iron passes through the furnace core belt, the molten iron can effectively dilute retained slag iron so as to improve the problem of furnace hearth center accumulation. The molten iron has proper Mn content and S content, and the fluidity of the molten iron can be improved. In the step of furnace washing smelting, controlling the molten iron to have proper temperature according to the Mn content and the S content of the molten iron so that the molten iron has proper viscosity; the proper edge temperature is controlled according to the viscosity of the molten iron, so that the edge airflow is matched with the viscosity of the molten iron, and the molten iron is matched with the scouring of the edge airflow when flowing through the furnace wall, so that the furnace wall bonding materials can be effectively washed away.
In addition, research finds that in the embodiment of the application, the molten iron has proper Si content and S content, so that the molten iron has proper fluidity, an isothermal line at 1150 ℃ can be effectively pushed to the vicinity of the surface of a carbon brick, residual iron in a hearth can be discharged as much as possible before the blast furnace is stopped, and the method is favorable for shortening the stopping time of the blast furnace for major and medium maintenance.
And (3) material distribution:
in the embodiment of the application, in the material distribution step, auxiliary materials are adopted to adjust the component contents of the slag and the molten iron.
Optionally, the adjunct does not include a fluorine-containing mineral, e.g., the adjunct does not include fluorite.
In some exemplary embodiments, the adjunct comprises or consists of at least one of silica, mesochite, and manganese ore.
When the furnace wall is cleaned by adopting fluorine-containing minerals such as fluorite and the like in the material distribution step, the slag containing calcium fluoride has a strong erosion effect on the silicon-aluminum refractory material, so that the furnace wall is seriously corroded, and the furnace hearth is easily burnt through. The furnace wall cleaning agent adopts mild mineral raw materials such as silica, medium-sized marble, manganese ore and the like as auxiliary materials, and can effectively clean the furnace wall under mild conditions by matching with proper distribution requirements, molten iron viscosity and edge airflow.
In the examples of the present application, regarding the burden distribution requirements, the composition content requirements in the slag in the smelting step in the washing furnace are exemplarily as follows:
r (alkalinity) is, for example, 1.05 to 1.15; or, for example, but not limited to, a range between any one or any two of 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, and 1.16.
The content of MgO is, for example, but not limited to, any one of 8.0 wt%, 8.1 wt%, 8.2 wt%, 8.3 wt%, 8.4 wt%, 8.5 wt%, 8.6 wt%, 8.7 wt%, 8.8 wt%, 8.9 wt%, and 9.0 wt%, or a range between any two.
In some possible embodiments, the MgO content and Al in the slag2O3The ratio of the contents of (A) to (B) is 0.53 to 0.60, MgO and Al are contained in the slag2O3With a suitable ratio therebetween, the slag can be reduced to a more suitable viscosity.
In the examples of the present application, regarding the burden distribution requirements, the composition content requirements in the molten iron in the smelting step in the washing furnace are exemplarily as follows:
the content of Si is, for example, but not limited to, any one of or a range between any two of 0.60 wt%, 0.65 wt%, 0.70 wt%, 0.75 wt%, 0.80 wt%, 0.85 wt%, and 0.90 wt%.
The amount of S is, for example, but not limited to, any one of or a range between any two of 0.025 wt%, 0.030 wt%, 0.035 wt%, 0.040 wt%, and 0.045 wt%.
The content of Mn is, for example, but not limited to, any one of or a range between any two of 0.50 wt%, 0.55 wt%, 0.60 wt%, 0.65 wt%, 0.70 wt%, 0.75 wt%, and 0.80 wt%.
The smelting steps of washing the furnace:
in embodiments of the present application, the edge temperature is, for example, without limitation, any one or a range between any two of 250 ℃, 260 ℃, 270 ℃, 280 ℃, 290 ℃, and 300 ℃.
In some possible embodiments, the time for the furnace washing smelting is more than or equal to 5 days, for example, 5 days, so that the furnace washing can be well realized.
In some exemplary embodiments, the furnace washing smelting step includes a first coal injection smelting stage and a second coal injection smelting stage in sequence, and the coal injection ratio of the second coal injection smelting stage is smaller than that of the first coal injection smelting stage. Further, the furnace washing smelting step also comprises a load reduction smelting stage which is carried out after the second coal injection smelting stage; in the load-reducing smelting stage, the coal injection ratio is gradually reduced, and then the full coke smelting is carried out.
In the embodiment of the application, the air permeability of the blast furnace can be effectively improved by reducing the coal injection ratio in the furnace washing smelting, and the good smooth operation of the blast furnace is ensured. The coal injection ratio is preliminarily reduced through the second coal injection smelting stage before the load reduction smelting stage, and then the coal injection ratio is gradually reduced firstly in the load reduction smelting stage, so that better transition is provided for full coke smelting, the complete combustion of the coal dust in the blast furnace material column is facilitated, and the blowing-out quantity of furnace dust is facilitated to be reduced.
Illustratively, the coal injection ratio of the first coal injection smelting stage is 150-170 kg/t, or 155-165, such as but not limited to being any one of 150kg/t, 155kg/t, 158kg/t, 160kg/t, 162kg/t, 165kg/t, and 170kg/t, or a range between any two. Optionally, the time of the first coal injection smelting stage is 2.8-3.2 days, for example, 3 days.
Illustratively, the coal injection ratio of the second coal injection smelting stage is 100-120 kg/t, such as but not limited to a range between any or any of 100kg/t, 105kg/t, 110kg/t, 115kg/t and 120 kg/t. Optionally, the time of the second coal injection smelting stage is 1.3 to 1.7 days, for example, 1.5 days.
Illustratively, the load during the whole coke smelting operation is 2.8-3.0 t/t, such as but not limited to any one of 2.8t/t, 2.85t/t, 2.9t/t, 2.95t/t and 3.0t/t or a range between any two of them. Optionally, the time of the load-reducing smelting stage is 0.3-0.7 days, for example, 0.5 days; the whole coke smelting is carried out when the whole coke smelting is carried out in one shift before the furnace washing smelting is finished.
The method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out can effectively solve the problem of accumulation in the center of the hearth, effectively wash out the furnace wall bonding materials, shorten the cleaning time of the furnace wall and the hearth, and effectively save the time for blowing out the blast furnace.
The features and properties of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
In the present application, regarding the furnace-washing smelting steps of examples and comparative examples, the contents of main components in molten iron and the temperature of molten iron are shown in Table 3, and the contents of main components in slag are shown in Table 4.
Example 1
A method for washing a blast furnace before blowing out the blast furnace comprises the following steps:
s1, taking silica, middle marble and manganese ore as auxiliary materials, and distributing in the throat of a blast furnace.
S2, washing and smelting for 5 days at 275 ℃ of edge temperature: firstly, smelting for 3 days according to the coal injection ratio of 160 kg/t; then smelting for 1.5 days according to the coal injection ratio of 110 kg/t; and gradually reducing the coal injection ratio, and starting to perform the full coke smelting by the 4.67 th day.
And S3, adding a damping material to perform pre-damping operation.
In this embodiment, the blast furnace is 1050m in size3And the step of realizing the material distribution operation required by the edge temperature specifically comprises the following steps:
the cloth matrix was adjusted from the cloth mode of table 1 to the cloth mode of table 2. Wherein, the outer ring of the ore is distributed and reduced to 2 circles from 3 circles, the third ring of the ore is distributed and changed to 3 circles from 2 circles; the outer ring distribution of the coke is increased from 2 circles to 3 circles.
TABLE 1 cloth mode before adjustment
TABLE 2 cloth mode after adjustment
Example 2
A method for washing a blast furnace before blowing out the blast furnace comprises the following steps:
s1, taking silica, middle marble and manganese ore as auxiliary materials, and distributing in the throat of a blast furnace.
S2, washing and smelting for 5 days at the edge temperature of 250 ℃: firstly, smelting for 3 days according to the coal injection ratio of 155 kg/t; then smelting for 1.3 days according to the coal injection ratio of 100 kg/t; and gradually reducing the coal injection ratio, and starting to perform the full coke smelting by the 4.67 th day.
And S3, adding a damping material to perform pre-damping operation.
The contents of components in the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron were the same as in example 1, and the contents of components in the slag were the same as in example 1.
Example 3
A method for washing a blast furnace before blowing out the blast furnace comprises the following steps:
s1, taking silica, middle marble and manganese ore as auxiliary materials, and distributing in the throat of a blast furnace.
S2, washing and smelting for 5 days at the edge temperature of 300 ℃: firstly smelting for 3 days according to the coal injection ratio of 165 kg/t; then smelting for 1.7 days according to the coal injection ratio of 120 kg/t; and gradually reducing the coal injection ratio, and starting to perform the full coke smelting by the 4.67 th day.
And S3, adding a damping material to perform pre-damping operation.
The contents of components in the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron were the same as in example 1, and the contents of components in the slag were the same as in example 1.
Example 4
The method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out is different from the method in the embodiment 1 in that: in the step S2, smelting is carried out according to the coal injection ratio of 160kg/t, and the whole coke smelting is carried out when the 4.67 th day is reached.
Comparative example 1
The method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out is different from the method in the embodiment 1 in that: the contents of components in molten iron and the temperature of molten iron were different from those in example 1, and the contents of components in slag were different from those in example 1.
Comparative examples 2 to 3
The method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out is different from the method in the embodiment 1 in that: the Mn content in the molten iron was different from that in example 1.
Comparative examples 4 to 5
The method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out is different from the method in the embodiment 1 in that: the S content in the molten iron was different from that in example 1.
Comparative example 6
The method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out is different from the method in the embodiment 1 in that: the temperature of the molten iron was different from that of example 1, and the temperatures of the molten iron on days 1 to 5 were 1470 ℃, 1460 ℃, 1450 ℃, 1440 ℃ and 1430 ℃ in this order.
Comparative example 7
The method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out is different from the method in the embodiment 1 in that: the edge temperature in the S2 step was 200 ℃.
Comparative example 8
The method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out is different from the method in the embodiment 1 in that: the edge temperature in the S2 step was 350 ℃.
TABLE 3 Main parameters of molten iron
TABLE 4. slag principal Components
Test examples
The furnace washing effect of the method for washing the furnace before blowing out of the blast furnace provided in the examples and the comparative examples is evaluated: after the furnace washing is completed, 30 workers are organized into two groups, the furnace wall and the hearth of the blast furnace are cleaned, and the cleaning standard is as follows: the furnace wall has no adhesive, and the furnace hearth takes materials to a position 2.50 meters below the central line of the tuyere. The cleaning time was counted, and the results are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 cleaning time consuming table
| Time h | |
| Example 1 | 24 |
| Example 2 | 32 |
| Example 3 | 28 |
| Example 4 | 40 |
| Comparative example 1 | 120 |
| Comparative example 2 | 96 |
| Comparative example 3 | 60 |
| Comparative example 4 | 72 |
| Comparative example 5 | 84 |
| Comparative example 6 | 64 |
| Comparative example 7 | 80 |
| Comparative example 8 | 88 |
According to the table 5, the method for washing the blast furnace before blowing out of the blast furnace provided by the embodiment of the application can shorten the time for washing the blast furnace after washing the furnace, and effectively save the time for blowing out of the blast furnace.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for washing a blast furnace before blowing out is characterized by comprising the following steps:
distributing materials at the throat part of the blast furnace, and then washing and smelting the materials in the blast furnace;
the standard of the furnace washing smelting step comprises the following steps: the edge temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the temperature of molten iron is not less than 1480 ℃;
the material distribution step is used for ensuring that in the furnace washing and smelting step: in the slag, R is 1.05 to 1.16, MgO content is 8.0 to 9.0 wt%, and Al2O3The content of (A) is less than or equal to 15.0 wt%; in the molten iron, the content of Si is 0.60-0.90 wt%, the content of S is 0.025-0.045 wt%, and the content of Mn is 0.50-0.80 wt%.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the distributing step, the contents of the components of the slag and the molten iron are adjusted using an auxiliary material, and the auxiliary material includes at least one of silica, dolomite, and manganese ore.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the auxiliary material consists of silica, mesopelite and manganese ore.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the adjunct does not include a fluorine-containing mineral.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the adjunct does not include fluorite.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the time for the furnace washing smelting is not less than 5 days.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the furnace washing smelting step comprises a first coal injection smelting stage and a second coal injection smelting stage which are sequentially performed, and the coal injection ratio of the second coal injection smelting stage is smaller than that of the first coal injection smelting stage.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the coal injection ratio of the first coal injection smelting stage is 150-170 kg/t, and the coal injection ratio of the second coal injection smelting stage is 100-120 kg/t;
and/or the time of the second coal injection smelting stage is 1.3-1.7 days.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the furnace washing smelting step further comprises a reduced-load smelting stage performed after the second coal injection smelting stage; in the load-reducing smelting stage, the coal injection ratio is gradually reduced, and then the full coke smelting is carried out.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the load during the full coke smelting operation is 2.8-3.0 t/t;
and/or the time of the load reduction smelting stage is 0.3-0.7 days.
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