CN111676141A - Method for removing heavy metal arsenic in dunaliella salina - Google Patents
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- C12N11/02—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier
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- C12N11/02—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier
- C12N11/08—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer
- C12N11/082—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
- C12N11/14—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an inorganic carrier
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for removing heavy metal arsenic in dunaliella salina, which comprises the following steps: enriching and screening SRB mixed flora from high-salt environment, culturing and collecting live thalli; preparing immobilized SRB beads; carrying out centrifugal concentration on the dunaliella salina solution to obtain a concentrated algae solution, adding immobilized SRB pellets into the concentrated algae solution, and then carrying out oscillation treatment at 37 ℃ for at least 24h in an anaerobic environment; the concentrated algal solution was filtered to remove the immobilized SRB beads. The method is a novel biological removal method, and has the advantages of environmental protection and high efficiency. The method has obvious effect of removing arsenic in the dunaliella salina, and can also obviously promote the accumulation of beta-carotene in algae cells, so that the content of the beta-carotene in the dunaliella salina after arsenic removal treatment is obviously improved.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of arsenic pollution treatment, in particular to a method for removing heavy metal arsenic in dunaliella salina.
Background art:
arsenic, as a metalloid, is classified as one of the heavy metals by the field of environmental pollution due to its significant biological toxicity. Arsenic is predominantly trivalent and pentavalent in water (i.e., arsenate As)2O4 3-And arsenite As2O3 2-) The ion form of the (A) exists, a plurality of types of microalgae including Dunaliella salina have the capacity of adsorbing arsenic ions, and at present, in addition to the treatment of arsenic pollution of water bodies by using physical and chemical methods, the method of culturing and removing arsenic by using microalgae is one of the purification methods of arsenic polluted water bodies gradually. However, for the large-scale cultivation of economic microalgae, the arsenic adsorption characteristic of microalgae is very easy to cause that the microalgae cannot meet related requirements in the food industry because the arsenic concentration exceeds the standard, and the arsenic content in the dunaliella salina powder specified in many countries in Europe is not higher than 3mg/kg in dry weight. Therefore, how to reduce or remove the arsenic content of the microalgae product as much as possible is a problem facing the microalgae food processing industry.
The existing physical and chemical methods generally have the limitations of easy generation of toxic byproducts, low removal efficiency, difficult operation, high operation cost and the like, are only limited to the treatment of wastewater and sewage, and are difficult to be applied to the removal of arsenic in the cultivated microalgae. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to develop a method for removing heavy metal arsenic in microalgae.
The invention content is as follows:
in view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for removing heavy metal arsenic from dunaliella salina.
The method for removing heavy metal arsenic in dunaliella concretely comprises the following steps:
1. enriching and screening a Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) mixed flora from a high-salt environment, culturing and collecting living bacteria;
2. preparing immobilized SRB beads;
3. carrying out centrifugal concentration on the dunaliella salina solution to obtain a concentrated algae solution, adding immobilized SRB pellets into the concentrated algae solution, and then carrying out oscillation treatment at 37 ℃ for at least 24h in an anaerobic environment;
4. and filtering the concentrated algae solution to separate the immobilized SRB beads from the algae solution.
Further, in order to achieve a better arsenic removal effect, the cell density of algae in the concentrated algae solution is controlled to be 2 × 109～9×109And the addition amount of the immobilized SRB pellets in the concentrated algae solution is 300-500 per liter.
Further, the SRB mixed flora is obtained by screening according to the following steps:
1) adding a brine sample into a container filled with an enrichment culture medium, sealing, and performing shaking culture at 37 ℃ until black precipitates appear in a culture solution; the enrichment medium is Starky liquid medium with salinity of 20%;
2) shaking the black precipitate, adding a small amount of the black precipitate into a container containing enrichment medium, sealing, culturing at 37 deg.C under shaking for at least 72h, and repeating the step for at least 3 times to obtain stable SRB mixed flora.
Further, the immobilized SRB bead is prepared by the following steps:
1) adding polyvinyl alcohol into sterile water, heating and stirring until the solution is viscous, adding sodium alginate, and continuing heating and stirring until the solution is transparent colloid;
2) after the solution is cooled, sequentially adding silicon dioxide, activated carbon and bacterial liquid, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed colloid;
3) and sucking the mixed colloid by using a syringe, and dropwise adding the mixed colloid into a saturated calcium borate-chloride solution to crosslink for 24 hours to form immobilized SRB beads.
The method for removing heavy metal arsenic in dunaliella salina provided by the invention is a novel biological removal method, and has the advantages of environmental protection and high efficiency. The arsenic removal method provided by the invention has the advantages that the removal rate of arsenic in the dunaliella salina reaches 62%, meanwhile, the accumulation of beta-carotene in algae cells can be remarkably promoted, and the content of the beta-carotene in the dunaliella salina after arsenic removal treatment is improved by 16%.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by examples below.
1. The method comprises the following steps of enriching and screening SRB mixed flora from a high-salt environment, and culturing and collecting the SRB mixed flora, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
1) obtaining a brine sample: the brine for enriching and screening the SRB mixed flora is collected from a solarized salt pan crystallization pond of an Tianjin Hanzhi salt farm;
2) preparation of enrichment medium: starky medium was used, and NaCl was added to the medium to make the salinity of the medium 20%. The specific components of the culture medium are as follows (g/L): k2HPO40.5，NH4Cl 1.0，Na2SO40.5， CaCl2·2H2O 0.1，MgSO4·7H2O2.0, sodium lactate 5mL, FeSO4·7H20.5O, 0.1 ascorbic acid and 20.0 NaCl;
3) enrichment and screening of SRB mixed flora: adding 5mL of brine sample into a 150mL serum bottle filled with 100mL of enrichment medium, sealing with a rubber stopper, and performing shaking culture at 37 ℃ for at least 72 hours until a black precipitate appears in the culture solution. And (3) uniformly mixing the black precipitate and the culture solution, adding 5mL of the mixture into a 150mL serum bottle filled with 100mL of fresh enrichment medium, sealing the mixture by using a rubber plug, carrying out shaking culture at 37 ℃ for 72 hours, and repeating the step (namely culture of the black precipitate) for at least 3 times to obtain the stable SRB mixed flora.
The obtained SRB mixed flora is preserved for later use by adopting a conventional bacterial conservation method, and is activated before use, wherein the specific activation steps are as follows:
1) the preservation strain is taken and inoculated into 100mL of activation medium (the components of the medium are basically the same as the enrichment medium, and the difference is that FeSO is not added into the components4) Anaerobic shaking culture at 37 deg.C for 72h to make flora biomass reach exponential phase later stage, OD600nmThe value reaches more than 1.0;
2) inoculating the preliminarily activated bacterial liquid into 500mL of activation culture medium again, and continuously culturing under the same culture condition until the biomass of the flora reaches a stable period, namely OD600nmThe value reaches 1.2-1.5, and the bacterial liquid is used for preparing immobilized SRB pellets.
2. Immobilized SRB beads are prepared, the preferred preparation steps of this example are as follows:
1) adding 6 percent (m/v) of polyvinyl alcohol into sterile water, heating and stirring until the solution is viscous, adding 0.2 percent (m/v) of sodium alginate, and continuously heating and stirring until the solution is transparent colloid;
2) after the solution is cooled, sequentially adding silicon dioxide (4%, m/v), activated carbon (0.5%, m/v) and bacterial liquid (35%, v/v), and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed colloid;
3) sucking a proper amount of mixed colloid by using an injector, dropwise adding the mixed colloid into a saturated boric acid solution containing 1% (m/v) of calcium chloride, and continuously stirring in the dropwise adding process so as to prevent small balls formed in the solution from being adhered;
4) and putting the pellets into the solution for further crosslinking for 24h to obtain the immobilized SRB pellets. The obtained immobilized SRB beads were washed several times with sterile physiological saline and stored at 4 ℃ for use.
3. Centrifuging and concentrating Dunaliella salina solution to be subjected to arsenic removal treatment to make the cell density of algae in the concentrated solution reach 5 × 109Per liter; then adding the immobilized SRB pellets into the concentrated algae solution according to the addition amount of 300 pieces/L, sealing in an anaerobic way, and carrying out oscillation treatment at 37 ℃ for 24 hours.
4. Filtering concentrated algae solution with gauze, removing immobilized SRB pellet, centrifuging algae solution, collecting algae precipitate, freeze drying, and storing lyophilized algae powder at-20 deg.C.
The dunaliella salina solution sample for arsenic removal treatment in the step 3 is collected from a culture plant of the inner Mongolia Gelatinosum. In order to detect the arsenic removal effect, in addition to the arsenic removal treatment group (i.e. experimental group, each batch is an experimental group, 3 batches, and 3 parallel batches) in step 3, an arsenic removal treatment-free group (control group) is also provided, and the control group is algae powder obtained by directly centrifuging the same algae liquid sample to collect algae and performing freeze-drying treatment.
And (4) measuring the arsenic content and the beta-carotene content of the experimental group and the control group.
The method for measuring the arsenic content of the algae powder adopts a second method (ICP-MS method) in the national standard GB5009.11-2014 to measure.
The method for measuring the content of the beta-carotene adopts a spectrophotometry, and comprises the following specific operations:
accurately weighing 0.05g of dunaliella salina powder into a centrifuge tube, adding 3mL of acetone, oscillating, stirring and grinding to fully extract the dunaliella salina powder; then centrifugally separating, taking the upper layer yellow clear liquid into a brown volumetric flask, and repeatedly extracting until the upper layer clear liquid is colorless; diluting the extract liquid to the scale of a volumetric flask by using acetone, shaking up, sucking 5mL of extract liquid into a 50mL colorimetric tube, and diluting the extract liquid to the scale by using acetone. Absorbance was measured at 450. + -.1 nm using acetone as a blank.
The results of measuring the arsenic removal effect are shown in tables 1 to 3: the arsenic removal rate of the 3 batches of experimental groups is much higher than that of the control group (a little reduction of the arsenic content in the control group may be caused by the soaking and washing effects of the water body), the arsenic removal rate is different due to the difference of the arsenic content in the dunaliella salina of each batch, the initial arsenic content of the batch 3 is lower than that of the batch 1 and the batch 2, the removal rate is correspondingly reduced, but the arsenic content of the 3 batches after arsenic removal treatment is lower than 3 mg/kg. In addition, the beta-carotene content of the 3 batches of experimental groups was significantly increased compared to the initial and control content, wherein the beta-carotene content of batch 3 was increased to about 30%.
TABLE 1 arsenic content and beta-carotene content of the experimental group (batch 1) and the control group
The initial content of arsenic in the algae powder of the batch is 7.55mg/kg, and the initial content of beta-carotene is 1.25 percent
TABLE 2 arsenic content and beta-carotene content of the experimental group (batch 2) and the control group
The initial content of arsenic in the algae powder of the batch is 8.03mg/kg, and the initial content of beta-carotene is 1.10 percent
TABLE 3 arsenic content and beta-carotene content of the experimental group (batch 3) and the control group
The initial content of arsenic in the algae powder in the batch is 4.45mg/kg, and the initial content of beta-carotene is 3.20%.
Claims (4)
1. A method for removing heavy metal arsenic in dunaliella is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) enriching and screening a sulfate reducing bacteria mixed flora from a high-salt environment, and culturing and collecting live bacteria;
2) preparing immobilized sulfate reducing bacteria pellets;
3) carrying out centrifugal concentration on the dunaliella salina solution to obtain a concentrated algae solution, adding immobilized sulfate reducing bacteria globules into the concentrated algae solution, and then carrying out oscillation treatment for at least 24h at 37 ℃ in an anaerobic environment;
4) and filtering the concentrated algae solution to separate the immobilized sulfate reducing bacteria globules from the algae solution.
2. The method for removing heavy metal arsenic from Dunaliella salina as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cell density of the concentrated solution is controlled at 2 × 109～9×109And the addition amount of the immobilized sulfate reducing bacteria pellets in the concentrated algae solution is 300-500 per liter.
3. The method for removing heavy metal arsenic from dunaliella salina according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the sulfate reducing bacteria mixed flora is obtained by screening according to the following steps:
1) adding a brine sample into a container filled with an enrichment culture medium, sealing, and performing shaking culture at 37 ℃ until black precipitates appear in a culture solution; the enrichment medium is Starky liquid medium with salinity of 20%;
2) shaking the black precipitate in the culture solution, adding a small amount of the black precipitate into a container filled with enrichment medium, sealing, performing shake culture at 37 deg.C for at least 72h, and repeating the step for at least 3 times to obtain stable sulfate reducing bacteria mixed flora.
4. The method for removing heavy metal arsenic from dunaliella salina according to claim 3, wherein: the immobilized sulfate reducing bacteria pellet is prepared by the following steps:
1) adding polyvinyl alcohol into sterile water, heating and stirring until the solution is viscous, adding sodium alginate, and continuing heating and stirring until the solution is transparent colloid;
2) after the solution is cooled, sequentially adding silicon dioxide, activated carbon and bacterial liquid, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed colloid;
3) and sucking the mixed colloid by using a syringe, and dropwise adding the mixed colloid into a saturated calcium borate-chloride solution to crosslink for 24 hours to form immobilized sulfate reducing bacteria pellets.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115838631A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-24 | 大连理工大学 | High-arsenic-enrichment engineering algae strain and construction method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200918 |