CN111675877A - Anti-aging modified ABS plastic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Anti-aging modified ABS plastic and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111675877A
CN111675877A CN202010470546.9A CN202010470546A CN111675877A CN 111675877 A CN111675877 A CN 111675877A CN 202010470546 A CN202010470546 A CN 202010470546A CN 111675877 A CN111675877 A CN 111675877A
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graphene
box
abs
extrusion
abs plastic
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申建
王多文
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Anhui Yu Ze Plastic Industry Polytron Technologies Inc
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Anhui Yu Ze Plastic Industry Polytron Technologies Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L55/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08L23/00 - C08L53/00
    • C08L55/02—ABS [Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene] polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/04—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member
    • B26D1/06—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates
    • B26D1/08—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates of the guillotine type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/08—Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut
    • B26D5/16—Cam means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/26—Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member
    • B26D7/2614—Means for mounting the cutting member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/26—Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member
    • B26D7/2628—Means for adjusting the position of the cutting member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C08G69/08—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino-carboxylic acids
    • C08G69/14—Lactams
    • C08G69/16—Preparatory processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/04—Antistatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/08—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing additives to improve the compatibility between two polymers

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-aging modified ABS plastic and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ABS plastic is obtained by melting, blending and extruding an ABS and graphene/PA 6 nano composite material, the graphene/PA 6 nano composite material consists of PA6 and single-layer graphene grafted with PA6, and the transverse dimension of the single-layer graphene grafted with PA6 is more than 3 microns; the mass ratio of the graphene to the PA6 is 0.1-1: 100; stirring blades are inserted into the clamping grooves of the stirring shaft, so that the stirring blades are driven to rotate, and the raw materials are premixed to obtain a premix; the position of the guide rail is adjusted in the second mounting groove, and the position of the gear box is adjusted in the first mounting groove, so that the position of the cutting knife is adjusted, the operation and the use are convenient, and the application range is wide.

Description

Anti-aging modified ABS plastic and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plastic modification, and particularly relates to an anti-aging modified ABS plastic and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ABS resin is an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and has the advantages of high impact strength, chemical resistance, low temperature resistance (-40 ℃), excellent electrical property, mechanical strength, processing dimensional stability and surface gloss, easy coating and dyeing and the like, but the ABS has poor weather resistance, low thermal deformation temperature and poor flame retardance, and meanwhile, in the process of preparing the ABS plastic material, the raw materials are not uniformly mixed due to no pretreatment of the raw materials; and the position of the cutting knife is not convenient to change, and the cutting knife is suitable for different conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention aims to provide an anti-aging modified ABS plastic and a preparation method thereof, the high-performance ABS/PA 6/graphene composite material is prepared by compounding a graphene/PA 6 nano composite material with ABS, and the anti-aging modified ABS plastic has the advantages that the prepared graphene/PA 6 nano composite material effectively reacts with caprolactam in an in-situ polymerization mode, so that the graphene in the sheet layer can be uniformly dispersed in a PA6 matrix, the high-performance graphene/PA 6 nano composite material master batch can be prepared by using the ultra-low addition of the graphene, and the graphene/PA 6 composite material master batch obtained by the polymerization reaction is mixed with the ABS, so that the dispersion problem of the graphene in the composite material can be properly solved, and the comprehensive performance of the composite material is improved; the graphene is added into the ABS/PA6 composite material to prepare the ABS/PA 6/graphene composite material, and the graphene not only improves the mechanical property of the composite material, but also can endow the material with higher heat resistance, ultraviolet aging resistance, flame retardance, antistatic property and other comprehensive properties.
Stirring blades are inserted into the clamping grooves of the stirring shaft, so that the stirring blades are driven to rotate, and the raw materials are premixed to obtain a premix; the position of the guide rail is adjusted in the second mounting groove, and the position of the gear box is adjusted in the first mounting groove, so that the position of the cutting knife is adjusted, the operation and the use are convenient, and the application range is wide.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the anti-aging modified ABS plastic is obtained by melt blending and extruding an ABS and graphene/PA 6 nano composite material, wherein the graphene/PA 6 nano composite material consists of PA6 and single-layer graphene grafted with PA6, and the transverse dimension of the single-layer graphene grafted with PA6 is more than 3 microns; the mass ratio of the graphene to the PA6 is 0.1-1: 100;
the ABS plastic is prepared by the following steps:
firstly, premixing an ABS, a graphene/PA 6 nano composite material and a compatibilizer ABS-g-MAH in a mixer according to the weight ratio of 30-50:45-60:5-15 to obtain a uniformly mixed premix;
and step two, melting, blending and extruding by using a single-screw extruder under the conditions of the processing temperature of 230 ℃ and 250 ℃, the rotating speed of 200 ℃ and 250rpm, cooling and granulating to obtain the ABS plastic.
As a further scheme of the invention: a preparation method of an anti-aging modified ABS plastic comprises the following steps:
firstly, premixing an ABS, a graphene/PA 6 nano composite material and a compatibilizer ABS-g-MAH in a mixer according to the weight ratio of 30-50:45-60:5-15 to obtain a uniformly mixed premix; the graphene/PA 6 nanocomposite material is composed of PA6 and single-layer graphene grafted with PA6, wherein the transverse dimension of the single-layer graphene grafted with PA6 is more than 3 microns; the mass ratio of the graphene to the PA6 is 0.1-1: 100;
and step two, melting, blending and extruding by using a single-screw extruder under the conditions of the processing temperature of 230 ℃ and 250 ℃, the rotating speed of 200 ℃ and 250rpm, cooling and granulating to obtain the ABS plastic.
As a further scheme of the invention: the graphene/PA 6 nanocomposite is prepared by the following steps:
step one, adding 0.1-1 part by mass of modified graphene and 1-10 parts by mass of deionized water into 100 parts by mass of caprolactam melt, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the speed of 500rpm to form a dispersion solution; the modified graphene is single-layer graphene with an oxygen-containing functional group on the surface; the carbon-oxygen ratio is between 2.5 and 6;
step two, under the protection of nitrogen, heating the dispersion liquid in a polycondensation reaction kettle to 250-270 ℃, and reacting for 3 hours under 0.5-1 MPa; then reacting for 4 hours under vacuum to obtain a polymer melt; and finally, carrying out water-cooling granulation on the polymer melt to obtain the graphene/PA 6 nano composite material.
As a further scheme of the invention: the single screw extruder comprises the following working steps:
step one, adding raw materials of an ABS, a graphene/PA 6 nano composite material and a compatibilizer ABS-g-MAH into a mixing box of a single-screw extruder, starting a motor II to drive a stirring shaft to rotate, inserting stirring blades into a clamping groove of the stirring shaft to drive the stirring blades to rotate, and premixing the raw materials to obtain a premix;
step two, discharging the premix into a discharging box, starting a motor III, driving a screw to rotate after the speed of a speed reducer is reduced, heating by a heater at the temperature of 230 ℃ and 250 ℃, and conveying the molten material by the screw to an extrusion head for extrusion;
and step three, driving a motor I, driving an eccentric wheel to rotate through a gear box, driving a connecting plate to rotate through the eccentric wheel, driving a cutting knife to lift through the connecting plate, and further cutting and granulating the molten material extruded by the extrusion head to obtain the ABS plastic.
As a further scheme of the invention: the single-screw extruder comprises two installation side plates, a transverse plate, a rack, a mixing box and an extrusion box, wherein the two installation side plates are arranged in parallel, the transverse plate is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the installation side plates, the extrusion box is fixedly installed at the top of the transverse plate, the mixing box is fixedly installed at the top of the extrusion box, a top cover is installed at the top of the mixing box, a feed inlet is formed in the top of the top cover, a motor II is fixedly installed at the center of the top cover, a stirring shaft is fixedly installed at the end part of an output shaft of the motor II and extends into the mixing box after penetrating through the top cover, four clamping grooves are vertically formed in the outer peripheral surface of the stirring shaft, a circumferential sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of the bottom of the mixing box, four stirring blades are connected to the circumferential sliding groove through sliders, a discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the mixing box, and a valve is arranged on the discharge pipe;
the extrusion case is hollow structure, one side fixed mounting of extrusion case has motor three, motor three crosses the screw rod that the reduction gear set up with the level and is connected, the screw rod runs through and extrudes the case and extend to the delivery box in, the opposite side at the extrusion case is installed to the delivery box, the opposite side fixed mounting of delivery box has the head of extruding, extrude overhead evenly seted up and extrude the hole.
As a further scheme of the invention: the cutting device comprises a side plate, a rack, a first mounting groove, a first gear box, a first motor, a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, a movable plate and a second connecting plate, wherein the rack is fixedly mounted at one end of the top of the side plate, the U-shaped plate is fixedly mounted at the top of the rack, the first mounting groove is formed in the top of the U-shaped plate, the first mounting groove is internally and fixedly provided with the gear box through a bolt, the gear box is positioned on the inner wall of the top of the U-shaped plate, the first motor is fixedly mounted at the top of the gear box, eccentric wheels are rotatably connected to two sides of the gear box, the outer sides of the two eccentric wheels are movably; two mounting grooves II which are obliquely arranged are formed in the inner side of the U-shaped plate, two guide rails are fixedly mounted between the mounting grooves II through bolts, and the guide rails are matched with the guide wheels.
As a further scheme of the invention: one side of extruding the case is rotated and is connected with gear two, gear two's one end and the rotatory roller transmission connection that extrudes incasement portion and set up, gear two is connected with the meshing of gear one, the one end fixed mounting of gear one has rotatory roller two, rotatory roller two runs through the extrusion case, rotatory roller two and rotatory roller parallel arrangement.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the high-performance ABS/PA 6/graphene composite material is prepared by compounding the graphene/PA 6 nanocomposite material with ABS, and the preparation method has the advantages that the prepared graphene/PA 6 nanocomposite material effectively reacts with caprolactam in an in-situ polymerization mode, so that the graphene in a sheet layer can be uniformly dispersed in a PA6 matrix, the high-performance graphene/PA 6 nanocomposite master batch can be prepared by using ultra-low addition of the graphene, and the graphene/PA 6 nanocomposite master batch obtained by polymerization reaction is mixed with the ABS, so that the dispersion problem of the graphene in the composite material can be properly solved, and the comprehensive performance of the composite material is improved; the graphene is added into the ABS/PA6 composite material to prepare the ABS/PA 6/graphene composite material, and the graphene not only improves the mechanical property of the composite material, but also can endow the material with higher heat resistance, ultraviolet aging resistance, flame retardance, antistatic property and other comprehensive properties. After the sample is formed, the sample is placed in a standard environment with the temperature of 23 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of 50 +/-5% for 88 hours and then tested, wherein the test environment is that the temperature is 23 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity is 50 +/-5%.
Adding ABS, graphene/PA nano composite material and a compatibilizer ABS-g-MAH raw material into a mixing box of a single-screw extruder, starting a motor II to drive a stirring shaft to rotate, inserting stirring blades into a clamping groove of the stirring shaft to drive the stirring blades to rotate, and premixing the raw materials to obtain a premix; the top cover is convenient to take up and clean the interior of the mixing box, the stirring blades and the stirring shaft are convenient to separate through the arrangement of the clamping grooves and the stirring blades, the stirring blades and the stirring shaft are convenient to clean respectively, and the stirring shaft is convenient to drive the stirring blades to rotate, so that the mixing box is convenient to use;
the driving motor I drives the eccentric wheel to rotate through the gear box, the eccentric wheel drives the connecting plate to rotate, the connecting plate drives the cutting knife to ascend and descend, meanwhile, the guide rail is matched with the guide wheel, the guide wheel can conveniently slide on the guide rail, the movable plate is stably ascended and descended, the cutting knife is stably ascended and descended, and then molten materials extruded by the extrusion head are cut off and granulated, so that ABS plastic is obtained; meanwhile, the position of the guide rail can be adjusted in the second mounting groove, and the position of the gear box can be adjusted in the first mounting groove, so that the position of the cutting knife can be adjusted, the operation and the use are convenient, and the application range is wide.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a single screw extruder according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the cross plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the frame of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the mixing box according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the stirring shaft of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. installing a side plate; 2. a transverse plate; 3. a frame; 4. a U-shaped plate; 5. a first motor; 6. a mixing box; 7. a second motor; 8. a third motor; 9. a speed reducer; 10. an extrusion box; 11. rotating the first roller; 12. a screw; 13. rotating a second roller; 14. a first gear; 15. a second gear; 16. a first mounting groove; 17. a gear case; 18. an eccentric wheel; 19. a delivery box; 20. an extrusion head; 21. a guide wheel; 22. a movable plate; 23. a connecting plate; 24. a cutting knife; 25. an extrusion orifice; 26. a guide rail; 27. a second mounting groove; 28. a top cover; 29. stirring blades; 30. a stirring shaft; 31. a clamping groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 1-5;
example 1:
the anti-aging modified ABS plastic is obtained by melt blending and extruding an ABS and graphene/PA 6 nano composite material, wherein the graphene/PA 6 nano composite material consists of PA6 and single-layer graphene grafted with PA6, and the transverse dimension of the single-layer graphene grafted with PA6 is more than 3 microns; the ratio of the mass of the graphene to the mass of the PA6 is 0.1-100;
the ABS plastic is prepared by the following steps:
premixing ABS, a graphene/PA 6 nano composite material and a compatibilizer ABS-g-MAH in a mixer according to the weight ratio of 30:45:5 to obtain a uniformly mixed premix;
and step two, using a single screw extruder to melt, blend and extrude at the processing temperature of 230 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200rpm, cooling and granulating to obtain the ABS plastic.
Example 2:
the anti-aging modified ABS plastic is obtained by melt blending and extruding an ABS and graphene/PA 6 nano composite material, wherein the graphene/PA 6 nano composite material consists of PA6 and single-layer graphene grafted with PA6, and the transverse dimension of the single-layer graphene grafted with PA6 is more than 3 microns; the ratio of the mass of the graphene to the mass of the PA6 is 0.1-1;
the ABS plastic is prepared by the following steps:
firstly, premixing ABS, a graphene/PA 6 nano composite material and a compatibilizer ABS-g-MAH in a mixer according to the weight ratio of 50:60:15 to obtain a uniformly mixed premix;
and step two, using a single screw extruder to melt, blend and extrude at the processing temperature of 250 ℃ and the rotating speed of 250rpm, cooling and granulating to obtain the ABS plastic.
Example 3:
a preparation method of an anti-aging modified ABS plastic comprises the following steps:
firstly, premixing an ABS, a graphene/PA 6 nano composite material and a compatibilizer ABS-g-MAH in a mixer according to the weight ratio of 30-50:45-60:5-15 to obtain a uniformly mixed premix; the graphene/PA 6 nanocomposite material is composed of PA6 and single-layer graphene grafted with PA6, wherein the transverse dimension of the single-layer graphene grafted with PA6 is more than 3 microns; the mass ratio of the graphene to the PA6 is 0.1-1: 100;
and step two, melting, blending and extruding by using a single-screw extruder under the conditions of the processing temperature of 230 ℃ and 250 ℃, the rotating speed of 200 ℃ and 250rpm, cooling and granulating to obtain the ABS plastic.
The graphene/PA 6 nanocomposite is prepared by the following steps:
step one, adding 0.1-1 part by mass of modified graphene and 1-10 parts by mass of deionized water into 100 parts by mass of caprolactam melt, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the speed of 500rpm to form a dispersion solution; the modified graphene is single-layer graphene with an oxygen-containing functional group on the surface; the carbon-oxygen ratio is between 2.5 and 6;
step two, under the protection of nitrogen, heating the dispersion liquid in a polycondensation reaction kettle to 250-270 ℃, and reacting for 3 hours under 0.5-1 MPa; then reacting for 4 hours under vacuum to obtain a polymer melt; and finally, carrying out water-cooling granulation on the polymer melt to obtain the graphene/PA 6 nano composite material.
The single screw extruder comprises the following working steps:
step one, adding raw materials of an ABS, a graphene/PA 6 nano composite material and a compatibilizer ABS-g-MAH into a mixing box 6 of a single-screw extruder, starting a motor II 7 to drive a stirring shaft 30 to rotate, inserting a stirring blade 29 into a clamping groove 31 of the stirring shaft 30 to drive the stirring blade 29 to rotate, and premixing the raw materials to obtain a premix;
step two, discharging the premix into the discharging box 10, starting the motor III 8, reducing the speed through the speed reducer 9, driving the screw 12 to rotate, heating by the heater at the heating temperature of 230-;
and step three, driving a motor I5, driving an eccentric wheel 18 to rotate through a gear box 17, driving a connecting plate 23 to rotate through the eccentric wheel 18, driving a cutting knife 24 to lift through the connecting plate 23, and further cutting and granulating the molten material extruded by the extrusion head 20 to obtain the ABS plastic.
The single-screw extruder comprises two installation side plates 1, two transverse plates 2, a rack 3, a mixing box 6 and an extrusion box 10, wherein the installation side plates 1 are arranged in parallel, the transverse plate 2 is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the installation side plates 1, the extrusion box 10 is fixedly installed at the top of the transverse plate 2, the mixing box 6 is fixedly installed at the top of the extrusion box 10, a top cover 28 is installed at the top of the mixing box 6, a feed inlet is formed in the top of the top cover 28, a second motor 7 is fixedly installed at the center of the top cover 28, a stirring shaft 30 is fixedly installed at the end part of an output shaft of the second motor 7, the stirring shaft 30 penetrates through the top cover 28 and extends into the mixing box 6, four clamping grooves 31 are vertically formed in the outer peripheral surface of the stirring shaft 30, a circumferential sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of the bottom of the mixing box 6, and four stirring blades 29, the stirring blade 29 is matched with the clamping groove 31, the bottom of the mixing box 6 is provided with a discharge pipe, and a valve is arranged on the discharge pipe;
extrusion case 10 is hollow structure, one side fixed mounting of extrusion case 10 has motor three 8, motor three 8 is connected with the screw rod 12 that the level set up through reduction gear 9, screw rod 12 runs through extrusion case 10 and extends to in the delivery box 19, the opposite side at extrusion case 10 is installed to delivery box 19, the opposite side fixed mounting of delivery box 19 has extrusion head 20, extrusion head 20 is last evenly seted up and is extruded hole 25.
A rack 3 is fixedly mounted at one end of the top of the mounting side plate 1, a U-shaped plate 4 is fixedly mounted at the top of the rack 3, a first mounting groove 16 is formed in the top of the U-shaped plate 4, a gear box 17 is fixedly mounted in the first mounting groove 16 through bolts, the gear box 17 is located on the inner wall of the top of the U-shaped plate 4, a first motor 5 is fixedly mounted at the top of the gear box 17, eccentric wheels 18 are rotatably connected to two sides of the gear box 17, connecting plates 23 are movably connected to the outer sides of the two eccentric wheels 18, the connecting plates 23 and the eccentric wheels 18 are arranged at an angle of 30-60 degrees, a cutting knife 24 is fixedly mounted between the inner sides of the two connecting plates 23, the outer sides of the two connecting plates 23 are connected with a; two mounting grooves 27 which are obliquely arranged are formed in the inner side of the U-shaped plate 4, the mounting grooves 27 and the U-shaped plate 4 are arranged at an angle of 30-60 degrees, a guide rail 26 is fixedly mounted between the two mounting grooves 27 through bolts, and the guide rail 26 is matched with the guide wheel 21.
One side of extruding case 10 is rotated and is connected with gear two 15, the one end of gear two 15 is connected with the transmission of the inside rotatory roller 11 that sets up of extruding case 10, gear two 15 and the meshing of gear one 14 are connected, the one end fixed mounting of gear one 14 has rotatory roller two 13, rotatory roller two 13 runs through and extrudes case 10, rotatory roller two 13 and rotatory roller one 11 parallel arrangement, the rotatory roller two 13 of being convenient for and rotatory roller one 11 just those rotate, do benefit to the mixture.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: adding ABS, graphene/PA 6 nano composite material and compatibilizer ABS-g-MAH raw materials into a mixing box 6 of a single-screw extruder, starting a second motor 7 to drive a stirring shaft 30 to rotate, inserting a stirring blade 29 into a clamping groove 31 of the stirring shaft 30 to drive the stirring blade 29 to rotate, and premixing the raw materials to obtain a premix; the top cover is convenient to take up and clean the interior of the mixing box 6, the stirring blades 29 and the stirring shaft 30 are convenient to separate through the arrangement of the clamping grooves 31 and the stirring blades 29, the stirring blades 29 and the stirring shaft 30 are convenient to clean respectively, and the stirring shaft 30 drives the stirring blades 29 to rotate, so that the use is convenient;
the driving motor I5 drives the eccentric wheel 18 to rotate through the gear box 17, the eccentric wheel 18 drives the connecting plate 23 to rotate, the connecting plate 23 drives the cutting knife 24 to ascend and descend, meanwhile, the guide rail 26 is matched with the guide wheel 21, the guide wheel 21 conveniently slides on the guide rail 26, the movable plate 22 is enabled to ascend and descend stably, the cutting knife 24 ascends and descends stably, and then molten materials extruded by the extrusion head 20 are cut off and granulated, and ABS plastics are obtained; meanwhile, the position of the guide rail 26 can be adjusted in the second mounting groove 27, and the position of the gear box 17 can be adjusted in the first mounting groove 16, so that the position of the cutting knife 24 can be adjusted, the operation and the use are convenient, and the application range is wide.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. The anti-aging modified ABS plastic is characterized by being obtained by melting, blending and extruding an ABS and graphene/PA 6 nano composite material, wherein the graphene/PA 6 nano composite material consists of PA6 and single-layer graphene grafted with PA6, and the transverse dimension of the single-layer graphene grafted with PA6 is more than 3 microns; the mass ratio of the graphene to the PA6 is 0.1-1: 100;
the ABS plastic is prepared by the following steps:
firstly, premixing an ABS, a graphene/PA 6 nano composite material and a compatibilizer ABS-g-MAH in a mixer according to the weight ratio of 30-50:45-60:5-15 to obtain a uniformly mixed premix;
and step two, melting, blending and extruding by using a single-screw extruder under the conditions of the processing temperature of 230 ℃ and 250 ℃, the rotating speed of 200 ℃ and 250rpm, cooling and granulating to obtain the ABS plastic.
2. The preparation method of the anti-aging modified ABS plastic is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, premixing an ABS, a graphene/PA 6 nano composite material and a compatibilizer ABS-g-MAH in a mixer according to the weight ratio of 30-50:45-60:5-15 to obtain a uniformly mixed premix; the graphene/PA 6 nanocomposite material is composed of PA6 and single-layer graphene grafted with PA6, wherein the transverse dimension of the single-layer graphene grafted with PA6 is more than 3 microns; the mass ratio of the graphene to the PA6 is 0.1-1: 100;
and step two, melting, blending and extruding by using a single-screw extruder under the conditions of the processing temperature of 230 ℃ and 250 ℃, the rotating speed of 200 ℃ and 250rpm, cooling and granulating to obtain the ABS plastic.
3. The preparation method of the anti-aging modified ABS plastic as claimed in claim 2, wherein the graphene/PA 6 nanocomposite is prepared by the following steps:
step one, adding 0.1-1 part by mass of modified graphene and 1-10 parts by mass of deionized water into 100 parts by mass of caprolactam melt, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the speed of 500rpm to form a dispersion solution; the modified graphene is single-layer graphene with an oxygen-containing functional group on the surface; the carbon-oxygen ratio is between 2.5 and 6;
step two, under the protection of nitrogen, heating the dispersion liquid in a polycondensation reaction kettle to 250-270 ℃, and reacting for 3 hours under 0.5-1 MPa; then reacting for 4 hours under vacuum to obtain a polymer melt; and finally, carrying out water-cooling granulation on the polymer melt to obtain the graphene/PA 6 nano composite material.
4. The preparation method of the anti-aging modified ABS plastic as claimed in claim 2, wherein the single screw extruder comprises the following working steps:
step one, adding ABS, graphene/PA 6 nano composite material and compatibilizer ABS-g-MAH raw materials into a mixing box (6) of a single-screw extruder, then starting a motor II (7) to drive a stirring shaft (30) to rotate, inserting stirring blades (29) into clamping grooves (31) of the stirring shaft (30), further driving the stirring blades (29) to rotate, and premixing the raw materials to obtain a premix;
step two, discharging the premix into a discharging box (10), starting a motor III (8), reducing the speed through a speed reducer (9), driving a screw rod (12) to rotate, heating by a heater at the heating temperature of 230 ℃ and 250 ℃, and conveying the molten material by the screw rod (12) to an extrusion head (20) for extrusion;
and step three, driving a motor I (5), driving an eccentric wheel (18) to rotate through a gear box (17), driving a connecting plate (23) to rotate through the eccentric wheel (18), driving a cutting knife (24) to lift through the connecting plate (23), and further cutting and granulating the molten material extruded by the extrusion head (20) to obtain the ABS plastic.
5. The preparation method of the anti-aging modified ABS plastic, according to claim 4, characterized in that the single screw extruder comprises two installation side plates (1), a transverse plate (2), a frame (3), a mixing box (6) and an extrusion box (10), wherein the two installation side plates (1) are arranged in parallel, the transverse plate (2) is fixedly installed at the top center of the installation side plates (1), the extrusion box (10) is fixedly installed at the top of the transverse plate (2), the mixing box (6) is fixedly installed at the top of the extrusion box (10), a top cover (28) is installed at the top of the mixing box (6), a feeding hole is formed at the top of the top cover (28), a second motor (7) is fixedly installed at the top center of the top cover (28), a stirring shaft (30) is fixedly installed at the end part of an output shaft of the second motor (7), the stirring shaft (30) penetrates through the top cover (28) and extends into the mixing box (6), four clamping grooves (31) are vertically formed in the outer peripheral surface of the stirring shaft (30), a circumferential sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of the bottom of the mixing box (6), four stirring blades (29) are connected to the circumferential sliding groove in a sliding mode through sliding blocks, the stirring blades (29) are matched with the clamping grooves (31), a discharging pipe is arranged at the bottom of the mixing box (6), and a valve is installed on the discharging pipe;
extrusion case (10) are hollow structure, one side fixed mounting of extrusion case (10) has motor three (8), motor three (8) are connected with screw rod (12) that the level set up through reduction gear (9), screw rod (12) run through extrusion case (10) and extend to in carrying case (19), carry case (19) and install the opposite side at extrusion case (10), the opposite side fixed mounting of carrying case (19) has extrusion head (20), extrusion head (20) are gone up evenly to have seted up and have been extruded hole (25).
6. The preparation method of the anti-aging modified ABS plastic as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that one end of the top of the side mounting plate (1) is fixedly provided with a frame (3), the top of the frame (3) is fixedly provided with a U-shaped plate (4), the top of the U-shaped plate (4) is provided with a first mounting groove (16), a gear box (17) is fixedly mounted in the first mounting groove (16) through bolts, the gear box (17) is located on the inner wall of the top of the U-shaped plate (4), the top of the gear box (17) is fixedly provided with a first motor (5), two sides of the gear box (17) are rotatably connected with eccentric wheels (18), the outer sides of the two eccentric wheels (18) are movably connected with connecting plates (23), the connecting plates (23) and the eccentric wheels (18) are arranged at an angle of 30-60 degrees, and a cutting knife (24) is fixedly mounted between, the outer sides of the two connecting plates (23) are connected with movable plates (22) through rotating shafts, and two rows of guide wheels (21) are arranged on the movable plates (22); two mounting grooves II (27) that the slope set up are all seted up to the inboard of U template (4), two there are guide rail (26) through bolt fixed mounting between mounting groove II (27), guide rail (26) and guide pulley (21) adaptation.
7. The preparation method of the anti-aging modified ABS plastic as claimed in claim 5, wherein a second gear (15) is rotatably connected to one side of the extrusion box (10), one end of the second gear (15) is in transmission connection with a first rotating roller (11) arranged inside the extrusion box (10), the second gear (15) is in meshing connection with the first gear (14), a second rotating roller (13) is fixedly installed at one end of the first gear (14), the second rotating roller (13) penetrates through the extrusion box (10), and the second rotating roller (13) and the first rotating roller (11) are arranged in parallel.
CN202010470546.9A 2020-05-28 2020-05-28 Anti-aging modified ABS plastic and preparation method thereof Pending CN111675877A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150368439A1 (en) * 2014-06-24 2015-12-24 Enerage Inc. Graphene Polymer Composite Material
CN106893251A (en) * 2017-04-17 2017-06-27 杭州高烯科技有限公司 A kind of high-performance ABS/PA6/ graphene composite materials and preparation method thereof
CN106947233A (en) * 2017-04-18 2017-07-14 杭州高烯科技有限公司 A kind of PC/PA6/ graphene composite materials and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150368439A1 (en) * 2014-06-24 2015-12-24 Enerage Inc. Graphene Polymer Composite Material
CN106893251A (en) * 2017-04-17 2017-06-27 杭州高烯科技有限公司 A kind of high-performance ABS/PA6/ graphene composite materials and preparation method thereof
CN106947233A (en) * 2017-04-18 2017-07-14 杭州高烯科技有限公司 A kind of PC/PA6/ graphene composite materials and preparation method thereof

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