CN111675516A - Composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and reducing vibration and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and reducing vibration and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111675516A CN111675516A CN202010528217.5A CN202010528217A CN111675516A CN 111675516 A CN111675516 A CN 111675516A CN 202010528217 A CN202010528217 A CN 202010528217A CN 111675516 A CN111675516 A CN 111675516A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/29—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by profiling or strickling the material in open moulds or on moulding surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/08—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
- C04B2111/2046—Shock-absorbing materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and reducing vibration and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cement-based material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 200-450 parts of Portland cement, 10-50 parts of waterborne polyurethane emulsion, 20-150 parts of foamed aluminum, 5-8 parts of mixed organic polymer rubber and 80-180 parts of water. The cement-based material is simple in preparation process and easy in obtaining of raw materials, the foamed aluminum is widely applied as energy-absorbing metal, the foamed aluminum is used as an energy-absorbing interlayer to be compounded with the cement-based material, the energy-absorbing and vibration-damping performance of the cement-based material can be effectively improved, and the waterborne polyurethane emulsion is used as a reinforcing agent to improve the working performance of the cement-based material and improve the durability and safety of the cement-based material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and reducing vibration and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building materials.
Background
In 2019, the operating mileage of the high-speed rail in China breaks through 3.5 kilometers, and occupies about seven elements of the global high-speed rail network. Along with the continuous improvement of the running speed of the train, the power effect generated by the train load is more and more obvious, the track plate structure is extremely easy to influence, the safety performance of the track plate structure can be greatly reduced, and a plurality of potential safety hazards appear, so that the running stability of the track plate structure is influenced, more and more railway lines pass through or are close to vibration and noise sensitive points of urban districts, residential districts, hospitals, schools, cultural relic protection units and the like in the future, and the vibration and noise generated by the running of the train can seriously influence the life and work of people along the railway. Therefore, the research and development of the composite material with energy absorption and vibration reduction have important significance for the vigorous development of high-speed railways.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and reducing vibration and a preparation method thereof. The composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and reducing vibration provided by the invention can better buffer and absorb energy and improve the working performance of the material.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by mass: 200-450 parts of Portland cement, 10-50 parts of waterborne polyurethane emulsion, 20-150 parts of foamed aluminum, 5-8 parts of mixed organic polymer rubber and 80-180 parts of water.
The cement-based material can regulate and control the energy absorption effect of the foamed aluminum energy absorption layer according to the change of the thickness, the through hole rate and other physical parameters of the foamed aluminum energy absorption layer, the mixing amount and the type of the waterborne polyurethane are changed so as to promote hydration and increase the working strength, and the mixing amount and the type of the mixed organic polymer rubber are changed so as to increase the bonding strength of the foamed aluminum energy absorption layer and the cement base layer and improve the working performance of the foamed aluminum energy absorption composite layer.
The ordinary Portland cement is PII 52.5-grade ordinary Portland cement;
the water-based polyurethane is a polyurethane prepolymer synthesized by taking Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) or polypropylene glycol (PPG) as a raw material, or one or more of polyurethanes chemically modified by a modifier are mixed according to any proportion.
The pH value of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 7-9, the viscosity is less than 500mPa.S (25 ℃), and the solid content is more than 40%;
the foamed aluminum has a porosity of 60-80% and a bulk density of 0.5-1.10 g/cm3；
The cement-based material also comprises a water reducing agent which is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
The water is tap water or drinking water, and meets the requirements of concrete water standards (JGJ 63-2006).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration, which comprises the following steps:
(1) fully and uniformly mixing the waterborne polyurethane and water in a fixed proportion.
(2) The portland cement is mixed with the treated water to form a cementitious mass.
(3) Pouring the cementing substance into a mold, then putting the foamed aluminum with the surface modified by the mixed organic polymer rubber into the mold, leveling the foamed aluminum with the upper edge of the mold, and scraping off the redundant slurry.
(4) And (3) solidifying the uncured cementing material to form the composite energy-absorbing interlayer cement-based material.
In the step (1), the solid content of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 0.5-20% by mass of the portland cement.
Foamed aluminum materials have the characteristics of damping and absorbing impact energy, and are therefore often used as composite structure damping layers having a good energy-absorbing and damping effect. In addition, foamed aluminum has good damping energy dissipation performance, and is also used for developing a novel vibration damping device. Polyurethane is a high molecular polymer, also called a high molecular compound, which is a general name of natural high molecular and synthetic high molecular compounds, and is a compound formed by a continuous sequence which is formed by connecting structural units of a (homopolymer) or a plurality of (copolymer) together by covalent bonds, has very high molecular weight and is relatively regular. The polyurethane prepolymer has the advantages of good wear resistance, high elasticity, high ductility, heat insulation, flame retardance, cold resistance, convenient construction and the like. The foam aluminum energy absorption layer and the cement-based material are compounded to form the interlayer composite vibration damping structure, so that the foam aluminum energy absorption layer can be used as a sound absorption device paved on a ballastless track board of a high-speed rail, and can perform certain buffering and energy absorption functions on the coupling repeated action of dynamic load and complex environment load of a high-speed railway train, thereby improving the stability and safety of train operation and improving the durability of the ballastless track board.
According to the invention, the waterborne polyurethane and water are fully mixed and then are mixed with the Portland cement, carboxylate radicals in waterborne polyurethane prepolymer molecules and calcium ions form ionic bond combination under an alkaline condition, carbamate and oxygen of silicon-oxygen tetrahedron are subjected to hydrogen bond association, high polymers and cement are combined by Van der Waals force, and polymer micelles and matrix gelling holes are mutually occluded. Through the mode, the plastic micro-area of the waterborne polyurethane prepolymer and cement form relatively tight combination; the hydration degree of the waterborne polyurethane prepolymer and the cement composite material is higher, and the strength is higher.
The technical effects are as follows: compared with the prior art, the composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and reducing vibration provided by the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process, easily available raw materials, safety, no pollution and convenience in use, is beneficial to capacity removal and product upgrading transformation of cement production enterprises at the current stage, and realizes recyclable economy and sustainable development.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the structural schematic diagram of the composite foamed aluminum sandwich type cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and reducing vibration prepared by the method is shown. Wherein: a single-layer structure; b a double-layer structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be purely exemplary of the invention and are not intended to limit its scope, as various equivalent modifications of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the present invention and fall within the scope of the appended claims.
In the following examples:
the ordinary Portland cement is PII 52.5-grade ordinary Portland cement;
the water-based polyurethane is a polyurethane prepolymer synthesized by taking Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) or polypropylene glycol (PPG) as a raw material, or one or more of polyurethanes chemically modified by a modifier are mixed according to any proportion.
The pH value of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 7-9, the viscosity is less than 500mPa.S (25 ℃), and the solid content is more than 40%;
the foamed aluminum has a porosity of 60-80% and a bulk density of 0.5-1.10 g/cm3；
The water is tap water or drinking water, and meets the requirements of concrete water standards (JGJ 63-2006).
In the embodiment of the invention, the water-gel ratio is 0.40, and the energy which can be absorbed by the composite material per unit volume in the compression deformation process can be expressed by the deformation work per unit volume:
in the formulamFor any engineering strain, σ, during compressionmIs composed ofmStress corresponding to compression.
Example 1
A composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by mass: 800g of Portland cement, 20g of aqueous polyurethane emulsion, 10g of polydimethylsiloxane rubber and 308g of water, wherein the foamed aluminum is a cube with the length of 10cm, the width of 10cm and the height of 1 cm.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of the composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration, which comprises the following steps:
(1) fully and uniformly mixing the waterborne polyurethane and water in a fixed proportion.
(2) The portland cement is mixed with the treated water to form a cementitious mass.
(3) Pouring the cementing substance into a mold, then putting the foamed aluminum subjected to surface modification by using the polymer rubber into the mold, leveling the foamed aluminum with the upper edge of the mold, and scraping off redundant slurry by using an iron shovel.
(4) And (3) solidifying the uncured cementing material to form the composite energy-absorbing interlayer cement-based material.
In the step (1), the content of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 1% (calculated by solid content) in percentage by mass of the portland cement.
In the step (3), the foamed aluminum energy-absorbing interlayer is arranged on the bearing surface of the cement-based material to form a single-layer structure.
Example 2
A composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by mass: 800g of Portland cement, 20g of aqueous polyurethane emulsion, 10g of polydimethylsiloxane rubber and 308g of water, wherein the foamed aluminum is a cube with the length of 10cm, the width of 10cm and the height of 1 cm.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of the composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration, which comprises the following steps:
(1) fully and uniformly mixing the waterborne polyurethane and water in a fixed proportion.
(2) The portland cement is mixed with the treated water to form a cementitious mass.
(3) Pouring half of the cementing material into a mold, then placing the foamed aluminum subjected to surface modification by using the polymer rubber into the middle of the mold, then pouring the other half of the cementing material into the mold, then placing a piece of foamed aluminum to be flush with the upper edge of the mold, and scraping off the excessive slurry by using an iron shovel.
(4) And (3) solidifying the uncured cementing material to form the composite energy-absorbing interlayer cement-based material.
In the step (1), the content of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 1% (calculated by solid content) in percentage by mass of the portland cement.
In the step (3), the foamed aluminum energy absorption interlayer is arranged in the middle position and the top of the die, so that the foamed aluminum energy absorption layer is used as a pressure bearing surface during testing to form a double-layer structure.
Example 3
A composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by mass: 800g of Portland cement, 40g of aqueous polyurethane emulsion, 10g of polydimethylsiloxane rubber and 296g of water, wherein the foamed aluminum is a cube with the length of 10cm, the width of 10cm and the height of 1 cm.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of the composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration, which comprises the following steps:
(1) fully and uniformly mixing the waterborne polyurethane and water in a fixed proportion.
(2) The portland cement is mixed with the treated water to form a cementitious mass.
(3) Pouring the cementing substance into a mold, then putting the foamed aluminum subjected to surface modification by using the polymer rubber into the mold, leveling the foamed aluminum with the upper edge of the mold, and scraping off redundant slurry by using an iron shovel.
(4) And (3) solidifying the uncured cementing material to form the composite energy-absorbing interlayer cement-based material.
In the step (1), the content of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 2% (calculated by solid content) in percentage by mass of the portland cement.
In the step (3), the foamed aluminum energy-absorbing interlayer is arranged on the bearing surface of the cement-based material to form a single-layer structure.
Example 4
A composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by mass: 800g of Portland cement, 40g of aqueous polyurethane emulsion, 10g of polydimethylsiloxane rubber and 296g of water, wherein the foamed aluminum is a cube with the length of 10cm, the width of 10cm and the height of 1 cm.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of the composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration, which comprises the following steps:
(1) fully and uniformly mixing the waterborne polyurethane and water in a fixed proportion.
(2) The portland cement is mixed with the treated water to form a cementitious mass.
(3) Pouring half of the cementing material into a mold, then placing the foamed aluminum subjected to surface modification by using the polymer rubber into the middle of the mold, then pouring the other half of the cementing material into the mold, then placing a piece of foamed aluminum to be flush with the upper edge of the mold, and scraping off the excessive slurry by using an iron shovel.
(4) And (3) solidifying the uncured cementing material to form the composite energy-absorbing interlayer cement-based material.
In the step (1), the content of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 2% (calculated by solid content) in percentage by mass of the portland cement.
In the step (3), the foamed aluminum energy absorption interlayer is arranged in the middle position and the top of the die, so that the foamed aluminum energy absorption layer is used as a pressure bearing surface in a compression strength test to form a double-layer structure.
Comparative example 1
Cubic samples of cement paste without any addition of material.
And (3) performance detection:
the cushioning, energy absorbing, and vibration damping syntactic foam aluminum sandwich type cement-based materials of examples 1-4 were tested and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 test results
| Numbering | 7d deformation work per unit volume (J) | Coefficient of sound absorption |
| Example 1 | 18.421 | 0.52 |
| Example 2 | 19.623 | 0.54 |
| Example 3 | 13.797 | 0.53 |
| Example 4 | 15.054 | 0.55 |
| Comparative example 1 | 9.828 | / |
From the results in table 1, the cement-based composite materials with single-layer structure and double-layer structure can absorb higher energy per unit volume than the blank examples in the compression deformation process, and the energy absorption performance is improved. However, the larger the amount of the aqueous polyurethane, the lower the energy absorption performance.
Finally, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. If modifications or equivalents are made to the technical examples of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration is characterized by being prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by mass: 200-450 parts of Portland cement, 10-50 parts of waterborne polyurethane emulsion, 20-150 parts of foamed aluminum, 5-8 parts of mixed organic polymer rubber and 80-180 parts of water.
2. The composite cement-based material capable of absorbing shock, absorbing energy and reducing vibration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Portland cement is PII 52.5-grade Portland cement.
3. The composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water-based polyurethane is a polyurethane prepolymer synthesized from Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) or polypropylene glycol (PPG) as raw materials, or one or more of polyurethanes chemically modified by a modifier are mixed in any proportion.
4. The composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH value of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 7-9, the viscosity is less than 500mPa.S (25 ℃), and the solid content is more than 40%.
5. The composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and damping vibration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the foamed aluminum has a porosity of 60-80% and a bulk density of 0.5-1.10 g/cm3。
6. The composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and reducing vibration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the cement-based material further comprise a water reducing agent, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
7. A preparation method of the composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and reducing vibration according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) fully and uniformly mixing the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and water;
(2) mixing the treated water with portland cement to form a cementitious material;
(3) pouring the cementing substance into a mold, then putting the foamed aluminum subjected to surface modification by using the mixed organic polymer rubber into the mold, leveling the foamed aluminum with the upper edge of the mold, and scraping off redundant slurry;
(4) and (3) solidifying the uncured cementing material to form the composite energy-absorbing interlayer cement-based material.
8. The preparation method of the composite cement-based material capable of buffering, absorbing energy and reducing vibration according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the solid content of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 0.5-20% by mass of the portland cement.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007169974A (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-07-05 | Tachibana Material Co Ltd | Inside filling material |
| CN103601438A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-26 | 合肥中铁百瑞得交通工程科技有限公司 | Epoxy polyurethane compounded cement based sound barrier panel and making method thereof |
| CN104098308A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-15 | 东南大学 | Cement-foam metal two-phase connected composite material and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-06-11 CN CN202010528217.5A patent/CN111675516A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007169974A (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-07-05 | Tachibana Material Co Ltd | Inside filling material |
| CN103601438A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-26 | 合肥中铁百瑞得交通工程科技有限公司 | Epoxy polyurethane compounded cement based sound barrier panel and making method thereof |
| CN104098308A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-15 | 东南大学 | Cement-foam metal two-phase connected composite material and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王浩伟、张亦杰: "《环境控制工程材料》", 31 January 2017 * |
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Application publication date: 20200918 |