CN111672294A - Bypass air-discharging purification system and method for cement kiln - Google Patents
Bypass air-discharging purification system and method for cement kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN111672294A CN111672294A CN202010645895.XA CN202010645895A CN111672294A CN 111672294 A CN111672294 A CN 111672294A CN 202010645895 A CN202010645895 A CN 202010645895A CN 111672294 A CN111672294 A CN 111672294A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/02—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising gravity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
- B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/76—Gas phase processes, e.g. by using aerosols
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
- F28C3/02—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media both being gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0233—Other waste gases from cement factories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
Abstract
The invention discloses a bypass air-bleeding purification system and method for a cement kiln, which belong to the technical field of cement production equipment and are characterized in that: the system comprises a cement kiln smoke chamber, wherein a smoke outlet of the cement kiln smoke chamber is communicated with a quench chamber device, and an air outlet of the quench chamber device is sequentially connected in series with a dust collector, a fan, a waste gas treatment system and a chimney; an ammonia spraying device is arranged in the quenching chamber of the quenching chamber device, and a lime spraying device is arranged at the outlet of the quenching chamber device. The flue gas discharged from the bypass is subjected to dust collection and purification to reach the particulate emission standard, the flue gas is purified and discharged into the atmosphere, the collected fine powder contains more harmful components, and the fine powder is independently stored or used for other purposes so as to strip out a cement firing system and restore the normal Cl alkali-sulfur balance of the firing system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cement production equipment, and particularly relates to a bypass air discharging and purifying system and method for a cement kiln.
Background
Comprehensive utilization of resources and development of environmental protection are inevitable trends in development of cement industry, more and more cement plants try to dispose waste, inferior raw materials are recycled, and national policy calls for natural resource protection are responded. In europe, cement plants burning single fuel have not existed, the proportion of alternative fuels for cement industry in european union has reached an average level of 30%, germany has reached an average level of 50%, and the proportion of alternative fuels for individual cement plants has reached 75%. Cement plants in developed countries, especially those near towns, are emphasized as contributing to the environmental protection. At present, in the cement industry of China, the substitution rate of substituting raw materials and fuels is not high, but the cooperative treatment is a necessary trend, and the development of substituting the raw materials and the fuels is particularly fast in recent two years.
The quenching chamber outlet contains more dust and consumes large materials, which affects the adaptability and stability of the cement kiln system, and the problems are common when a plurality of cement manufacturers apply bypass air bleeding at present, so that a quenching chamber with high efficiency and less dust is urgently needed. After the fume is led out from the quenching chamber, the Cl removal rate is higher, and in addition, SO is generated when the waste is treated2And NOx emissions, must be purified to be released into the ambient atmosphere.
In summary, it is necessary to design a bypass ventilation purification system for cement kiln with purification function.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a bypass air-releasing purification system and method for a cement kiln, which solve the problem of purification of flue gas caused by wind prevention of a cement kiln bypass.
The invention is realized in this way, a bypass air-bleeding purification system for cement kiln, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a cement kiln smoke chamber, wherein a smoke outlet of the cement kiln smoke chamber is communicated with a quench chamber device, and an air outlet of the quench chamber device is sequentially connected in series with a dust collector, a fan, a waste gas treatment system and a chimney; an ammonia spraying device is arranged in the quenching chamber of the quenching chamber device, and a lime spraying device is arranged at the outlet of the quenching chamber device.
In the invention, hot flue gas extracted from the smoke chamber is treated by the quenching chamber, the total amount of dust at the outlet of the quenching chamber is below 0.02kg/kg of clinker, and the influence of the material consumption coefficient is below 0.02. The whole process system can achieve the rapid enrichment of harmful components, the removal rate of Cl ions reaches more than 80 percent, and the effects of bypass air release and stable production are achieved. The bypass air release system is provided with a denitration and desulfurization structure, and can remove NOx and SO in the system2To make NOx and SO2And the emission standard is reached. Finally, the flue gas discharged from the bypass is subjected to dust collection and purification to reach the particulate emission standard, the flue gas is purified and discharged into the atmosphere, the collected fine powder contains more harmful components, and the fine powder is independently stored or used for other purposes so as to strip out a cement firing system and restore the normal Cl alkali-sulfur balance of the firing system.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the cold accumulation chamber device includes a hot air settling chamber and a quench chamber connected to the hot air settling chamber; the hot air settling chamber is provided with a settling channel which runs through two ends of the hot air settling chamber; the quenching chamber comprises an outer barrel, an inner barrel and a volute, wherein the inner barrel is arranged on the inner side of the outer barrel, an annular pore channel is formed between the inner barrel and the outer barrel, one end of the outer barrel is a hot air inlet communicated with a settling channel outlet of the hot air settling chamber, the other end of the outer barrel is connected with the outer wall of the inner barrel, one end of the inner barrel, which is far away from the hot air inlet, is a quenching chamber outlet, the outer barrel is close to the outer side of the end part of the quenching chamber outlet, a cold air inlet capable of leading air into the inner side of the outer barrel along the tangential direction of the inner wall of.
The ratio of the diameter of the port of the inner barrel close to the hot air inlet to the diameter of the inner barrel is 0.8-1.0, and the length of the inner barrel is 200-400 mm.
The end part of the outer barrel, which is close to the hot air inlet, is provided with an air cannon of which the front end extends into the inner side of the outer barrel; the hot air settling chamber is provided with an air cannon the front end of which extends into the inner side of the settling channel.
The hot air settling chamber is connected with the outer cylinder through a reducing conical cylindrical part, and a fire-resistant layer is arranged on the inner side surface of the reducing conical cylindrical part.
The length of the outer cylinder is H, the diameter of the outer cylinder is D, H/D is 0.5-5, the outlet end of the quenching chamber of the inner cylinder is in a reducing necking shape, and the axis of the outer cylinder forms an angle of 40-90 degrees with the horizontal direction.
An emergency accident fan is arranged between the air outlet of the quenching chamber device and the dust collector.
And a dust collecting cyclone cylinder is arranged between the air outlet of the quenching chamber device and the dust collector.
And a secondary cooling device is arranged between the air outlet of the quenching chamber device and the dust collector, and the secondary cooling adopts one or a combination of a plurality of cold air valves, a humidifying tower and an air cooler.
A bypass air-bleeding purification method for a cement kiln comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the smoke in the smoke chamber of the cement kiln is sucked out from the quenching chamber and is rapidly cooled to 200-500 ℃;
step two: when the flue gas passes through the quenching chamber, the end part of the quenching chamber is provided with an ammonia spraying device which is used as a denitration measure to denitrate the flue gas, and the outlet pipeline is provided with a lime spraying device which is used as a desulfurization measure to desulfurize the flue gas;
step three: the flue gas is dedusted by a dust collector, a fan, a waste gas treatment system and a chimney, particulate matters in the flue gas meet the emission requirement, the collected dust is enriched with harmful components such as Cl and the like, and the collected dust is sent to a storage warehouse and then mixed into a cement grinding system or transported by a vehicle to leave the factory for other purposes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a quench chamber apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a volute according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a hot wind settling chamber and a quenching chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure 1, a cement kiln smoke chamber; 2. a quench chamber means; 2-1, a hot air settling chamber; 2-2, a quench chamber; 2-2-1, an outer cylinder; 2-2-2, inner cylinder; 2-2-3, a volute; 2-2-4, annular pore canal; 2-3, a smoke chamber; 2-4, air cannon; 3. a dust collector; 4. a fan; 5. an exhaust gas treatment system; 6. a chimney; 7. an ammonia injection device; 8. a lime injection device; 9. an emergency fan; 10. a dust collection cyclone; 11. a humidifying tower; 12. an air cooler; 13. and (5) cooling the fan.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention particularly provides a bypass air-bleeding purification system and method for a cement kiln, aiming at solving the problem of purification of bypass windproof flue gas of the cement kiln. To further illustrate the structure of the present invention, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example one
Referring to fig. 1-4, a bypass air-bleeding purification system for a cement kiln comprises a cement kiln smoke chamber 1, wherein a smoke outlet of the cement kiln smoke chamber 1 is communicated with a quenching chamber device 2, and an air outlet of the quenching chamber device 2 is sequentially connected in series with a dust collector 3, a fan 4, a waste gas treatment system 5 and a chimney 6; an ammonia spraying device 7 is arranged in the quenching chamber of the quenching chamber device, and a lime spraying device 8 is arranged at the outlet of the quenching chamber device 2. The dust collector 3, the fan 4, the waste gas treatment system 5 and the chimney 6 are known in the art, and the dust collector preferably adopts a bag type dust collector, and the fan is a centrifugal fan. Flue gas that smoke chamber 1 took out reduces the raise dust through quench room deposit chamber 2-1 and then carries out the denitration through spouting ammonia device 7, and the lime is spouted into device 8 and is desulfurized through the lime after the indoor cooling of quench, passes through dust collector 3 to realize that the environmental protection is up to standard. The flue gas can enter a waste gas treatment system and a chimney of the existing cement production system according to the arrangement distance of a cement production line, and can also be a newly added chimney specially set for a bypass air release system. The dust collector 3, the fan 4 and the exhaust gas treatment system 5 each have a gas inlet and a gas outlet. The flue gas is discharged from a cement kiln smoke chamber 1 and sequentially passes through a quench chamber device 2, a dust collector 3, a fan 4 and a waste gas treatment system 5, and finally is discharged from a chimney 6, and the purification and dust collection are realized in the process. The dust collected by the dust collector 3 contains more harmful components, the dust is sent into a separate storage device and then is mixed into a cement grinding system or is transported by a vehicle to leave a factory for other use, and the dust collected by the waste gas treatment system can enter the kiln system again.
In this embodiment, the quenching chamber apparatus 2 comprises a hot air settling chamber 2-1 and a quenching chamber 2-2 connected to the hot air settling chamber 2-1. The hot air sedimentation 2-1 chamber is provided with a sedimentation channel which penetrates through two ends of the chamber. In this embodiment, the hot air settling chamber 2-1 is a cylindrical body made of heat-resistant steel material having a rectangular cross section, and a settling passage is formed inside the cylindrical body. One end of the hot air settling chamber 2-1 is an inlet of a settling channel, and the end part is connected with the low dust concentration side of the smoke chamber 2-3 of the cement kiln. The smoke chamber 2-3 is communicated with the inlet of the sedimentation channel. High-temperature flue gas with dust in the smoke chamber 2-3 enters the sedimentation channel from the inlet of the sedimentation channel of the hot air sedimentation chamber 2-1. In this embodiment, a high-silica refractory layer is built on the inner side of the hot air settling chamber 2-1, and the thickness of the refractory layer is 200-250 mm. In the embodiment, the wind speed of the smoke chamber 2-3 entering the hot air settling chamber 2-1 is controlled to be below 6m/s, and the coarse powder in the hot smoke is settled in the hot air settling chamber. The peripheral side wall of the hot air settling chamber 2-1 is provided with material poking holes and an air cannon 2-4, the air cannon is 2-4 conventional equipment in the field, an air outlet of the air cannon 2-4 is designed to be a flat opening, and the air cannon 2-4 is automatically controlled to work, so that the inner wall of the hot air settling chamber 2-1 is prevented from being blocked by crusts. The hot flue gas passes through a hot air settling chamber 2-1 and then enters a lower section quenching chamber 2-2.
The quenching chamber 2-2 comprises an outer cylinder 2-2-1, an inner cylinder 2-2-2 and a volute 2-2-3. The outer cylinder 2-2-1, the inner cylinder 2-2-2 and the volute 2-2-3 are made of heat-resistant steel. The outer cylinder 2-2-1 and the inner cylinder 2-2-2 are cylinders with circular sections, one end of the outer cylinder 2-2-1 is welded with the hot air settling chamber 2-1, the joint of the hot air settling chamber 2-1 and the outer cylinder 2-2-1 is connected through a reducing conical cylinder part, and the inner side surface of the reducing conical cylinder part is provided with a fire-resistant layer.
The inner cylinder 2-2-2 is arranged on the inner side of the outer cylinder 2-2-1, the inner cylinder 2-2-2 and the outer cylinder 2-2-1 are coaxially arranged, and the other end of the outer cylinder 2-2-1 is welded on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2-2-2. An annular duct 2-2-4 is formed between the inner barrel 2-2-2 and the outer barrel 2-2-1. The end part of the outer cylinder 2-2-1 connected with the hot air settling chamber 2-1 is a hot air inlet, and the end of the inner cylinder 2-2-2 far away from the hot air inlet is a quench chamber outlet. The section of the hot air inlet from the inner cylinder 2-2-2 close to the hot air inlet is a cold and hot air mixing area. The outer side of the end part of the outer cylinder 2-2-1 close to the outlet of the quenching chamber is provided with a cold air inlet which can guide air into the inner side of the outer cylinder 2-2-1 along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2-2-1, and the volute 2-2-3 is communicated with the cold air inlet. The volute 2-2-3 is of a construction well known to those skilled in the art and functions to introduce cold air into the outer cylinder 2-2-1 in a direction tangential to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2-2-1. The ratio of the diameter of the port of the inner cylinder 2-2-2 close to the hot air inlet to the diameter of the inner cylinder 2-2-2 is 0.8-1.0, and the length of the inner cylinder 2-2-2 is 200-400 mm. In this embodiment, the port of the inner cylinder 2-2-2 near the hot air inlet is in a necking shape. The end part of the outer cylinder 2-2-1 close to the hot air inlet is provided with an air cannon 2-4 with the front end extending into the inner side of the outer cylinder 2-2-1.
The outlet of the quenching chamber 2-2 is provided with a temperature and pressure measuring point, the running state of the quenching chamber is monitored on line, when the temperature fluctuates, the cold air quantity is adjusted in time to ensure the effect of bypass air release, and when the pressure fluctuates, the air cannon 2-4 is started or poking is carried out to avoid the skinning blockage of the quenching chamber 2-2.
The hot flue gas with fine powder enters a quenching chamber 2-2 through a hot air settling chamber 2-1, cold air tangentially enters an annular duct 2-2-4 between an outer barrel 2-2-1 and an inner barrel 2-2-2 of the quenching chamber 2-2 from a square inlet from a volute 2-2-3, and the cold air enters a cold and hot air mixing area from the annular duct 2-2-4 in a cyclone mode and wraps the hot flue gas entering the quenching chamber 2-2. The hot flue gas is forcibly mixed with the cold air after diameter change and backflow, thereby playing an extremely cold role. The thickness of the refractory layer of the hot air settling chamber 2-1 is 200 mm and 250mm, and the thickness of the refractory layer of the hot air and cold air mixing area, namely the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2-2-1 is 100 mm. The fire-resistant layer at the connecting part between the outer cylinder 2-2-1 and the hot air settling chamber 2-1 is arranged in a gradient way. The operation temperature of the inner cylinder 2-2-2 is 600 ℃, and the instantaneous tolerance temperature is 1000 ℃.
The length of the outer cylinder 2-2-1 is H, the diameter of the outer cylinder 2-2-1 is D, H/D is 0.5-5, the outlet end of the quenching chamber of the inner cylinder 2-2-2 is in a reducing necking shape, and the axis of the outer cylinder 2-2-1 forms an angle of 40-90 degrees with the horizontal direction.
In this embodiment, the radial distance between the cold air inlet and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2-2-2 is 200-400 mm; the radial distance between the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2-2-2 and the inner wall of the sedimentation channel is 200-400 mm.
The bypass air-bleeding quenching chamber device is suitable for air-bleeding extreme cold when the cement kiln raw fuel and the alternative fuel are treated with more harmful components. The device solves the problem of uneven mixing of cold and hot fluids, utilizes the forced return backflow of cold air outside the inner cylinder to be rapidly mixed with hot flue gas, has large contact area of the cold and hot fluids, and can rapidly cool the hot flue gas. The hot flue gas firstly enters a hot air settling chamber 2-1, coarse particles are settled and slide into a smoke chamber, fine powder flows out along with the hot flue gas and is quenched to enrich most harmful components, and the fine powder has a large surface area and can adsorb a large amount of harmful components, so that the harmful components are rapidly enriched, and the effect of high-efficiency and dust-less bypass ventilation is achieved. The backflow of cold air can ensure that the fluid is uniformly dispersed, and simultaneously, the inner cylinder can be protected, so that the structure is more reliable.
An expansion joint is arranged between the hot air settling chamber 2-1 and the quenching chamber 2-2. The expansion joint is a technical structure well known in the field. The whole quenching chamber is compact in structure and is formed into a certain angle with the quenching chamber when necessary, so that the quenching chamber can be flexibly prevented from being limited by civil engineering and space around a cement kiln smoke chamber, the purpose of taking out hot air is achieved, and the quenching chamber is particularly suitable for the reconstruction of the existing production line.
Quench chamber apparatus as described in this exampleWhen the method is used for a certain cement production line, a bypass scheme is required to be arranged due to the fact that chlorine element exceeds the standard when wastes are treated, 5% of air discharge amount is calculated according to material balance, the air quantity of the rotary kiln smoke needs to be taken out to be 0.0225Nm3/kg. cl, and ambient air is used as a cooling medium and enters a quenching chamber through a blower. An ammonia spraying device is arranged at the joint of the settling chamber and the outer cylinder of the quenching chamber, and NOx and a reducing agent quickly react in a temperature interval meeting the denitration reaction and in forced backflow before entering the inner cylinder so as to realize denitration; because the sulfur content in the flue gas is also high, lime needs to be sprayed into the outlet of the quenching chamber, so that the temperature of the outlet of the quenching chamber is controlled to be 400-450 ℃. After heat balance calculation, the diameter of the required quenching chamber is 1.6m, the bypass air bleed flow path of fig. 1 is adopted, and the design wind speed of each structure is as follows. The quench chamber is compact in arrangement, can be flexibly arranged in the existing tower, and meets the production requirements on the subsequent removal of chloride ions and sulfur emission. After the delivery, the ash return amount of the system is below 0.01kg/kg clinker, the Cl concentration of each part is shown in the table, and NO of the smoke discharged into the atmospherex、SO2Meet 200mg/Nm3Or respectively up to 100mg/Nm3、50mg/Nm3The following standards require that heat loss be increased by about 10-14kcal/kg.cl, and that operation be stable.
The hot air speed of the settling chamber is as follows: 6 m/s; cold air inlet wind speed of quench chamber: 20-25 m/s; the hot air enters the column section of the quenching chamber at the wind speed: 10-15 m/s; inner cylinder wind speed: 12-18 m/s; outlet wind speed: 15-20 m/s.
An ammonia spraying device is arranged in the quenching chamber, an ammonia spraying pipe is arranged before hot flue gas in the quenching chamber enters the inner cylinder, and an outlet of the ammonia spraying pipe sprays ammonia into the quenching chamber. As a desulfurization measure, a lime spraying device is arranged at the outlet of the cold chamber of the quenching chamber. The hot flue gas in the cement kiln smoke chamber sequentially passes through a hot air settling chamber and a quenching chamber for settling and cooling. And before the flue gas in the quenching chamber passes through the settling chamber and enters the inner barrel, a small amount of SNCR ammonia spraying denitration is carried out through an ammonia spraying device, denitration is carried out in the temperature range of about 600-. And purifying the bypass air-bleeding flue gas for the first time. The dust discharged and collected by the quenching chamber device is enriched with harmful components such as Cl and the like, and is sent to a storage warehouse and then is mixed into a cement grinding system or transported by a vehicle to leave a factory for other use.
In this embodiment, the bypass air release system is provided with a denitration and desulfurization structure, which can remove NOx and SO in the flue gas of the system2To make NOx and SO2And the emission standard is reached. The flue gas discharged from the bypass is subjected to dust collection and purification to reach the particulate emission standard, the flue gas is purified and discharged into the atmosphere, the collected fine powder contains more harmful components, and the fine powder is independently stored or used for other purposes, so that a cement sintering system is stripped, and the normal Cl alkali-sulfur balance of the sintering system is recovered.
The emission is lower than the medium level and NOx and SO are required for environmental protection2The production line with low background emission ensures the sedimentation of coarse particles, the dust discharged by the device is small, the ultra-cold effect is good, and the requirements of a bypass air discharge process can be met by only using the quenching chamber device, the cooling fan 13 and one-time dust removal.
In this embodiment, the flue gas purification discharged from the cement kiln smoke chamber includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the flue gas in the cement kiln smoke chamber is sucked out from the quenching chamber in any one of claims 1-6 and is rapidly cooled to 350-500 ℃;
step two: after the flue gas passes through the settling chamber of the quenching chamber, a reducing agent is added through an ammonia spraying device to perform denitration on the flue gas as a denitration measure, and a lime spraying device is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the quenching chamber to perform desulfurization on the flue gas as a desulfurization measure;
step three: the flue gas is dedusted by a dust collector, a fan, a waste gas treatment system and a chimney, particulate matters in the flue gas meet the emission requirement, dust collected by the dust collector is enriched with harmful components such as Cl and the like, and the dust is sent to a storage warehouse and then doped into a cement grinding system or transported by a vehicle to leave a factory for other use.
Example two
Referring to fig. 5, when the quenching chamber device in this embodiment is applied to a cement production line, a bypass scheme needs to be provided due to the excessive chlorine in the waste disposal, 7% of the discharged air is calculated according to the material balance, the hot flue gas rich in harmful components in the rotary kiln needs to be taken out, and the temperature of the outlet of the quenching chamber is controlled to be 200-. An emergency fan 9 is added to further reduce the risk. Ambient air is passed as a cooling medium through a blower into the quench chamber. Through heat balance calculation, the diameter of the needed quenching chamber (namely the diameter of the outer cylinder) is 1.3m, the inlet of cold air is large, and a volute inlet mode is adopted. Cold air enters the quenching chamber, enters the inner cylinder part from the gradual change inlet, is forcibly mixed with hot air, passes through the inner cylinder and reaches the outlet of the quenching chamber, and through numerical simulation and field practice, the outlet temperature is uniform, the removal rate of chloride ions exceeds more than 80 percent, and the total amount of dust at the outlet is below 0.02kg/kg of clinker. The waste gas treatment system 5 that the original kiln system of project set up contains denitration and desulfurization measure, therefore the flue gas of this scheme quench chamber is introduced current kiln system waste gas treatment system through fan 4 to reach desorption SO2 and NOx's effect, discharge into the ambient atmosphere through current kiln system chimney 6 at last.
In this embodiment, the wind speed is: the hot air speed of the hot air settling chamber is 6m/s, and the air speed of the inlet of the volute of the quenching chamber is as follows: 20-25m/s, cold air inlet wind speed of quench chamber: 10-15m/s, wind speed of hot wind entering a quenching chamber: 10-15m/s, inner cylinder wind speed: 12-18m/s, quench chamber exit wind velocity: 15-20 m/s.
In this embodiment, an emergency fan 9 is further provided between the outlet of the quenching chamber device 2 and the dust collector 3. Further avoid the risk such as dust collector equipment damage is damaged to the hot flue gas of high temperature that quench chamber primary cooling fan broke down.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 6, compared with the first embodiment, a dust collecting cyclone 10 is disposed between the air outlet of the quenching chamber device 2 and the dust collector 3, and a dust discharge port of the dust collecting cyclone 10 is communicated with the decomposing furnace of the cement kiln system. A dust collecting cyclone cylinder 10 is added behind a quenching chamber device 2 for coarse dust collection, dust collecting dust particles of the dust collecting cyclone cylinder 10 are thicker and less in harmful components, the dust collecting cyclone cylinder enters a decomposing furnace, fine powder collected by a dust collector 3 carries more harmful components and is discharged out of a kiln system, the dust return amount of the dust collector is reduced at the moment, the total amount of hot air taken out from a smoke chamber for bypass air discharge is increased by 5-50%, and smoke coming out of the dust collecting cyclone cylinder 10 enters the dust collector 3. The flue gas taken out of the quenching chamber passes through a denitration device 7, a desulphurization device 8 and a dust collector 3, meets the emission requirements of local NOx, SO2 and particulate matters, and is finally discharged into a chimney 6 through a draught fan 4.
Example four
Referring to fig. 7, in the first embodiment, a humidifying tower 11 is disposed between the gas outlet of the quenching chamber device 2 and the dust collector 3, the humidifying tower 11 also has a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and the flue gas is discharged from the quenching chamber device 2, passes through the humidifying tower 11 and then enters the dust collector 3. The humidifying tower 11 can cool the flue gas, at the moment, the air volume of the dust collector 3 is reduced, and the equipment specification of the dust collector is reduced.
EXAMPLE five
Referring to FIG. 8, in contrast to the first embodiment, an air cooler 12 is provided between the outlet of the quenching chamber means 2 and the dust collector 3, the air cooler 12 also has an inlet and an outlet, and the flue gas is discharged from the quenching chamber means 2, passed through the air cooler 12 and then introduced into the dust collector 3. The air cooler 12 can cool the flue gas, at the moment, the air volume of the dust collector 3 is reduced, and the equipment specification of the dust collector is reduced.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a bypass purification system that leaks informaton for cement kiln which characterized in that: the device comprises a cement kiln smoke chamber, wherein a smoke outlet of the cement kiln smoke chamber is communicated with a quench chamber device, and an air outlet of the quench chamber device is sequentially connected in series with a dust collector, a fan, a waste gas treatment system and a chimney; an ammonia spraying device is arranged in the quenching chamber of the quenching chamber device, and a lime spraying device is arranged at the outlet of the quenching chamber device.
2. The bypass air-bleeding purification system for the cement kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cold gathering chamber device comprises a hot air settling chamber and a quenching chamber connected with the hot air settling chamber; the hot air settling chamber is provided with a settling channel which runs through two ends of the hot air settling chamber; the quenching chamber comprises an outer barrel, an inner barrel and a volute, wherein the inner barrel is arranged on the inner side of the outer barrel, an annular pore channel is formed between the inner barrel and the outer barrel, one end of the outer barrel is a hot air inlet communicated with a settling channel outlet of the hot air settling chamber, the other end of the outer barrel is connected with the outer wall of the inner barrel, one end of the inner barrel, which is far away from the hot air inlet, is a quenching chamber outlet, the outer barrel is close to the outer side of the end part of the quenching chamber outlet, a cold air inlet capable of leading air into the inner side of the outer barrel along the tangential direction of the inner wall of.
3. The bypass air-bleeding purification system for the cement kiln as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the ratio of the diameter of the port of the inner barrel close to the hot air inlet to the diameter of the inner barrel is 0.8-1.0, and the length of the inner barrel is 200-400 mm.
4. The bypass air-bleeding purification system for the cement kiln as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the end part of the outer barrel, which is close to the hot air inlet, is provided with an air cannon of which the front end extends into the inner side of the outer barrel; the hot air settling chamber is provided with an air cannon the front end of which extends into the inner side of the settling channel.
5. The bypass air-bleeding purification system for the cement kiln as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the denitration device is arranged at the outlet of the hot air settling chamber, the hot air settling chamber is connected with the outer cylinder through the reducing conical cylindrical part, and the inner side surface of the reducing conical cylindrical part is provided with the fireproof layer.
6. The bypass air-bleeding purification system for the cement kiln as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the length of the outer cylinder is H, the diameter of the outer cylinder is D, H/D is 0.5-5, the outlet end of the quenching chamber of the inner cylinder is in a reducing necking shape, and the axis of the outer cylinder forms an angle of 40-90 degrees with the horizontal direction.
7. The bypass air-bleeding purification system for the cement kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an emergency accident fan is arranged between the air outlet of the quenching chamber device and the dust collector.
8. The bypass air-bleeding purification system for the cement kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a secondary cooling device is arranged between the air outlet of the quenching chamber device and the dust collector, and the secondary cooling device is one or a combination of a cold air valve, a humidifying tower and an air cooler.
9. The bypass air-bleeding purification system for the cement kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein flue gas after denitration, desulfurization and dust-collecting purification is separately provided with a chimney to be discharged into the ambient atmosphere, or enters an exhaust gas treatment system and a chimney of the existing cement kiln system according to the arrangement of a cement production line.
10. A bypass air-release purification method for a cement kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the flue gas in the cement kiln smoke chamber is sucked out from the quenching chamber in any one of claims 1-6 and is rapidly cooled to 200-500 ℃;
step two: the flue gas passes through the quenching chamber and reacts with ammonia water sprayed by an ammonia spraying device to be used as a denitration measure for denitration of the flue gas, and a lime spraying pipeline is arranged on the outlet pipeline to be used as a desulfurization measure for desulfurization of the flue gas;
step three: the flue gas is dedusted by a secondary cooling device, a dust collector, a fan, a waste gas treatment system and a chimney, particulate matters in the flue gas meet the emission requirement, the collected dust is enriched with harmful components such as Cl and the like, and the collected dust is sent to a storage warehouse and then mixed into a cement grinding system or transported by a vehicle to leave a factory for other use.
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| CN202010645895.XA CN111672294A (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2020-07-07 | Bypass air-discharging purification system and method for cement kiln |
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| CN202010645895.XA CN111672294A (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2020-07-07 | Bypass air-discharging purification system and method for cement kiln |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113237345A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-08-10 | 蓝天众成环保工程有限公司 | Quenching device with air taking structure and design method of air taking structure |
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| CN202410497U (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-09-05 | 浙江天蓝环保技术股份有限公司 | Flue gas denitration device of cement kiln |
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