CN111669615B - Video stream processing method and device - Google Patents
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/4402—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for household redistribution, storage or real-time display
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- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
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- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a video stream processing method and a device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an original video stream, and determining watermark information corresponding to the original video stream; decoding the original video stream, and extracting a video frame image in the original video stream; embedding the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image to generate a target image; and coding the target image to generate a target video stream. Therefore, the watermark information is embedded into the pixels of the video frame image of the video stream, the watermark information is hidden for the visual perception of a user, the source of the video stream can be traced, the video stream is prevented from being pirated by infringement, and the benefit of an original author is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of video streaming technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for processing a video stream.
Background
With the continuous development of computers and the internet, the electronization and networking of video streams (such as long videos and short videos) are promoted, the uploading and downloading speed of the video streams is increased, and the transmission threshold of the video streams is reduced. Meanwhile, the copyright of the original author on the video stream is infringed, and the infringement and piracy event of the legal video stream shows a rapid growth trend, so that huge economic loss is brought to the original author of the video stream, and the creativity of the original author is struck. Therefore, the protection of video stream copyright by technical means and the piracy infringement resistance have received more and more attention.
In the related art, most video websites add watermark information to a video stream in the website, that is, the watermark information is strongly associated with a player in the video website. For the visual perception of the user, if the watermark information is added to the video stream, but the video stream is not actually processed, only a transparent control for displaying the watermark information is added to the top layer of the view of the player layer, for example, a long video in an Aichi art video website, and the watermark information of the Aichi art mark is carried in the upper right corner.
Because the video stream is not processed, only the transparent control for displaying the watermark information is added at the top layer of the view of the player layer, if the video stream is stolen by a pirate and played by other players, the watermark information is lost, so that the source of the video stream cannot be traced, the video stream is infringed and pirated, and the original author of the video stream suffers huge economic loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a video stream processing method and a video stream processing device, so as to realize the beneficial effects of tracing the source of a video stream, avoiding the video stream from being pirated by infringement and ensuring the benefits of an original author. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for processing a video stream, the method including:
acquiring an original video stream, and determining watermark information corresponding to the original video stream;
decoding the original video stream, and extracting a video frame image in the original video stream;
embedding the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image to generate a target image;
and coding the target image to generate a target video stream.
In an optional embodiment, the embedding the watermark information into the pixels of the video frame image to generate the target image includes:
converting a pixel value of any pixel in the video frame image into corresponding first binary information, wherein the pixel value is a value of a target color channel in the pixel;
converting the watermark information into second binary information;
determining first binary information to be replaced from a plurality of pieces of the first binary information according to the digit of the second binary information;
sequentially selecting one-bit bytes from the second binary information for sequential replacement aiming at the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located, and generating corresponding third binary information;
and converting each piece of the third binary information into a corresponding target pixel value to generate a target image.
In an optional embodiment, the first binary information to be replaced includes:
a number of first binary information equal to the number of bits of the second binary information or all of the first binary information.
In an optional embodiment, the embedding the watermark information into the pixels of the video frame image to generate the target image includes:
determining the pixel coordinates of the pixels to be replaced according to the identification of the original video stream;
converting a pixel value of a pixel to be replaced corresponding to the pixel coordinate in the video frame image into corresponding first binary information to be replaced, wherein the pixel value is a value of a target color channel in the pixel;
converting the watermark information into second binary information;
sequentially selecting one-bit bytes from the second binary information for sequential replacement aiming at the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located, and generating corresponding third binary information;
and converting each piece of the third binary information into a corresponding target pixel value to generate a target image.
In an optional embodiment, the determining the pixel coordinates of the pixel to be replaced according to the identifier of the original video stream includes:
acquiring an identifier of the original video stream, and generating a hash value corresponding to the identifier by using a preset hash algorithm;
determining the hash value as a coordinate sequence;
and splitting the coordinate sequence based on a preset splitting rule to obtain the pixel coordinate of the pixel to be replaced.
In an optional embodiment, the method further comprises:
establishing a byte substitution corresponding relation between a byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be substituted is located and a byte of one bit byte in the second binary information;
recording a replacement sequence for replacing the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located;
and associating the byte replacement correspondence and the replacement sequence with the identification of the target video stream, wherein the identification of the original video stream is consistent with the identification of the target video stream.
In an optional embodiment, the method further comprises:
acquiring the target video stream, and determining the identifier of the target video stream;
searching the byte replacement corresponding relation and the replacement sequence associated with the identification of the target video stream;
forming the second binary information according to the byte replacement corresponding relation and the replacement sequence;
and performing inverse conversion on the second binary information to generate the watermark information.
In a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a video stream processing apparatus, including:
the video stream acquisition module is used for acquiring an original video stream;
an information determining module, configured to determine watermark information corresponding to the original video stream;
the image extraction module is used for decoding the original video stream and extracting a video frame image in the original video stream;
the information embedding module is used for embedding the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image to generate a target image;
and the image coding module is used for coding the target image to generate a target video stream.
In an optional implementation manner, the information embedding module specifically includes:
the first conversion sub-module is used for converting a pixel value of any pixel in the video frame image into corresponding first binary information, wherein the pixel value is a value of a target color channel in the pixel;
the second conversion submodule is used for converting the watermark information into second binary information;
the information determination submodule is used for determining first binary information to be replaced from the plurality of pieces of first binary information according to the digit of the second binary information;
the byte replacement submodule is used for sequentially selecting one-bit bytes from the second binary information for sequential replacement aiming at the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is positioned, and generating corresponding third binary information;
and the image generation submodule is used for converting each piece of the third binary information into a corresponding target pixel value to generate a target image.
In an optional embodiment, the first binary information to be replaced includes:
a number of first binary information equal to the number of bits of the second binary information or all of the first binary information.
In an optional implementation manner, the information embedding module specifically includes:
the coordinate determination submodule is used for determining the pixel coordinate of the pixel to be replaced according to the identifier of the original video stream;
the first conversion submodule is used for converting a pixel value of a pixel to be replaced corresponding to the pixel coordinate in the video frame image into first binary information corresponding to the pixel to be replaced, wherein the pixel value is a value of a target color channel in the pixel;
the second conversion submodule is used for converting the watermark information into second binary information;
the byte replacement submodule is used for sequentially selecting one-bit bytes from the second binary information for sequential replacement aiming at the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is positioned, and generating corresponding third binary information;
and the image generation submodule is used for converting each piece of the third binary information into a corresponding target pixel value to generate a target image.
In an optional embodiment, the coordinate determination submodule is specifically configured to:
acquiring an identifier of the original video stream, and generating a hash value corresponding to the identifier by using a preset hash algorithm;
determining the hash value as a coordinate sequence;
and splitting the coordinate sequence based on a preset splitting rule to obtain the pixel coordinate of the pixel to be replaced.
In an optional embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
the association module is used for establishing a byte substitution corresponding relation between the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be substituted is located and the byte of one-bit byte in the second binary information;
recording a replacement sequence for replacing the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located;
and associating the byte replacement correspondence and the replacement sequence with the identification of the target video stream, wherein the identification of the original video stream is consistent with the identification of the target video stream.
In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
the information extraction module is used for acquiring the target video stream and determining the identifier of the target video stream;
searching the byte replacement corresponding relation and the replacement sequence associated with the identification of the target video stream;
forming the second binary information according to the byte replacement corresponding relation and the replacement sequence;
and performing inverse conversion on the second binary information to generate the watermark information.
In a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is further provided an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, where the processor, the communication interface, and the memory complete communication with each other through the communication bus;
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor configured to implement the video stream processing method according to any one of the first aspect described above when executing a program stored in a memory.
In a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a storage medium having instructions stored therein, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the video stream processing method according to any one of the first aspects.
In a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the video stream processing method according to any one of the first aspect.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the original video stream is obtained, the watermark information corresponding to the original video stream is determined, the original video stream is decoded, the video frame image in the original video stream is extracted, the watermark information is embedded into the pixels of the video frame image, the target image can be obtained, and the target image is encoded to generate the target video stream. Therefore, the watermark information is embedded into the pixels of the video frame image of the video stream, the watermark information is hidden for the visual perception of a user, the source of the video stream can be traced, the video stream is prevented from being pirated by infringement, and the benefit of an original author is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of a video stream processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating another implementation of a video stream processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a third binary message according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating another implementation of a video stream processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pixel corresponding to the pixel coordinate in the first frame image according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart illustrating another implementation of a video stream processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a video stream processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device shown in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an implementation flow diagram of a video stream processing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the method specifically includes the following steps:
s101, acquiring an original video stream, and determining watermark information corresponding to the original video stream;
in this embodiment of the present invention, for a video website, there are a video stream homemade by a user (which may be referred to as a user video stream), and a video stream homemade by the website or a video stream purchased by the website (which may be referred to as a platform video stream), and these video streams may be, for example, long videos or short videos, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention may acquire the video stream, that is, the original video stream, from the video website, which means that the video stream is not processed by adding the watermark information, and for example, a long video (that is, the original video stream) may be acquired.
For the obtained original video stream, the embodiment of the present invention determines the watermark information corresponding to the original video stream, for example, for a long video, determines the corresponding watermark information, "this video source is an arcade, and infringement is necessary".
S102, decoding the original video stream, and extracting a video frame image in the original video stream;
and decoding the original video stream to extract the video frame image in the original video stream. The decoding algorithm specifically adopted may be a currently existing decoding algorithm, for example, h.264 (a new generation digital video compression format following MPEG4, which is proposed by both international organization for standardization (ISO) and International Telecommunication Union (ITU)), and embodiments of the present invention are not described in detail herein.
It should be noted that the video frame image may be each frame image in the original video stream, or may be a certain key frame image in the original video stream, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
For example, for a long video, the long video is decoded, and each frame of image in the long video is extracted, so that multiple frames of images can be obtained.
S103, embedding the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image to generate a target image;
and embedding the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image to generate a target image for the determined watermark information and the extracted video frame image in the original video stream.
The watermark information can be embedded into the pixels of each frame of image based on the time axis to generate the target image.
For example, for each frame of image extracted from the original video stream, the following is shown: the first frame image, the second frame image, and the third frame image … … may be, based on a time axis, preferentially embedded with the watermark information "the video source is an odds art and the infringement is a strict" into pixels of the first frame image to generate a frame of target image, then embedded with the watermark information "the video source is an odds art and the infringement is a strict" into pixels of the second frame image to generate a frame of target image, then embedded with the watermark information "the video source is an odds art and the infringement is a strict" into pixels of the third frame image to generate a frame of target image, and so on, so as to generate the first frame of target image, the second frame of target image, and the third frame of target image … ….
In the embodiment of the invention, the watermark information is embedded into the pixels of each frame of image, so that a multi-frame target image can be obtained, the watermark information is hidden for the visual perception of a user, the image is hardly changed in the visual layer, the invasion is small, and the subsequent normal display of the video is not influenced.
And S104, coding the target image to generate a target video stream.
Through the steps, the target image is coded, and the target video stream can be generated. The specifically adopted coding algorithm may be a currently existing coding algorithm, for example, h.264 (a new generation digital video compression format after MPEG4, which is proposed by international organization for standardization (ISO) and International Telecommunication Union (ITU)), and embodiments of the present invention are not described in detail herein.
For example, through the above steps, a plurality of frame target images are obtained, and the first frame target image, the second frame target image, and the third frame target image … … are encoded to generate a target video stream.
Through the above description of the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by acquiring an original video stream, determining watermark information corresponding to the original video stream, decoding the original video stream, extracting a video frame image in the original video stream, embedding the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image, obtaining a target image, encoding the target image, and generating the target video stream. Therefore, the watermark information is embedded into the pixels of the video frame image of the video stream, the watermark information is hidden for the visual perception of a user, the source of the video stream can be traced, the video stream is prevented from being pirated by infringement, and the benefit of an original author is ensured.
As shown in fig. 2, an implementation flow diagram of another video stream processing method provided in the embodiment of the present invention is specifically shown, where the method specifically includes the following steps:
s201, acquiring an original video stream, and determining a video type corresponding to the original video stream;
in the embodiment of the present invention, for a video website, there are a video stream homemade by a user (which may be referred to as a user video stream), and a video stream homemade by the website or a video stream purchased by the website (which may be referred to as a platform video stream), so that these video streams can be roughly divided into two categories, namely, a user video stream and a platform video stream.
The embodiment of the invention can acquire the video stream, namely the original video stream, from the video website, and determine the video type corresponding to the original video stream, namely determine that the original video stream belongs to the user video stream, or determine that the original video stream belongs to the platform video stream.
For example, for a short video, embodiments of the present invention determine that the short video belongs to a user video stream.
S202, determining information corresponding to the video type, and taking the information as watermark information corresponding to the original video stream;
in an embodiment of the present invention, different information is used as watermark information for original video streams of different video types. Therefore, for the determined video type, the embodiment of the present invention determines the information corresponding to the video type as the watermark information corresponding to the original video stream.
For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, a correspondence between a video type and information is established in advance, as shown in table 1 below.
| Type of video | Information |
| Platform video streaming | Website registered trademark |
| User video streaming | User name, user ID |
TABLE 1
For the determined video type described above, an embodiment of the present invention determines information corresponding to the video type (user video stream): and the user name and the user ID are watermark information of the original video stream.
It should be noted that, for the information corresponding to the platform video stream, table 1 is only an exemplary illustration, and may also be other information, such as a website name, a website ID, and the like, which is not described in detail herein.
As for the information corresponding to the user video stream, table 1 is also only an exemplary illustration, and may also be other information, such as user age, user address, and the like.
S203, decoding the original video stream, and extracting a video frame image in the original video stream;
in the embodiment of the present invention, this step is similar to the step S103, and details of the embodiment of the present invention are not repeated herein.
S204, embedding the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image to generate a target image;
and embedding the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image for the determined watermark information and the extracted video frame image in the original video stream, so as to generate the target image.
Specifically, the following implementation manner may be adopted in the embodiments of the present invention to embed the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image:
the method comprises the steps that a pixel value of any pixel in a video frame image is converted into corresponding first binary information, wherein the pixel value is the value of a target color channel in the pixel, and therefore a plurality of pieces of first binary information can be obtained; converting the watermark information into second binary information; determining first binary information to be replaced from a plurality of pieces of first binary information according to the number of bits of the second binary information; replacing the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located by using one bit in the second binary information to generate corresponding third binary information; and converting each piece of the third binary information into a corresponding target pixel value to generate a target image.
The reason why the digital value replacement is performed on the byte where the least significant bit is located in the embodiment of the present invention is that the least significant bit has little influence on the pixel value (that is, the pixel value is changed very little), and such changes cannot be distinguished by naked eyes generally, and do not affect the normal viewing experience of the user.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if the image is a color image, the image in the RGB color mode is taken as an example for description in the embodiment of the present invention. In addition, in the case of a grayscale image, the processing can be performed by directly using the pixel values of the pixels of the image.
And sequentially selecting one-bit bytes from the second binary information for sequential replacement aiming at the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is positioned, and generating corresponding third binary information.
For a pixel value, the value of the target color channel in the pixel. For example, for an image whose pixels are composed of three RGB color channels, the pixel value may be the value of the B color channel in the pixel, and may also be the color value of other channels, such as G or R, etc., if necessary, and of course, may also be one or a combination of more than three channels R, G, B, so as to better hide the watermark information. In the embodiment, if the color image is an RGB color image, the color value of the B channel is taken as an example for explanation.
The first binary information to be replaced comprises the first binary information with the number equal to the number of bits of the second binary information or all the first binary information. The first binary information with the same number of bits as the second binary information may be determined from the plurality of pieces of first binary information in a random or polling manner, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
For example, taking the first frame image as an example, as shown in table 2 below, 9 pixels are included, and the pixel value of each pixel is shown in table 2 below.
| 255 | 253 | 254 |
| 253 | 255 | 253 |
| 252 | 255 | 254 |
TABLE 2
Converting the pixel value of each pixel in the first frame image into corresponding first binary information, as shown in table 3 below, so as to obtain 9 pieces of first binary information, and converting the watermark information into second binary information as well: "011000100", the number of first binary information (i.e., the first binary information to be replaced) equal to the number of bits (9) of the second binary information is determined, as shown in table 3 below.
| 11111111 | 11111101 | 11111110 |
| 11111101 | 11111111 | 11111101 |
| 11111100 | 11111111 | 11111110 |
TABLE 3
For the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of the second binary information to be replaced is located, one-bit bytes are sequentially selected from the second binary information for sequential replacement, and corresponding third binary information is generated, as shown in fig. 3, the second binary information may be re-composed of the bold and underlined bytes in fig. 3. And for each byte in the second binary information, scattering the byte embedded into the least significant bit in the second binary information to be replaced.
As shown in fig. 3, for the byte "1" where the least significant bit of the first piece of binary information ("11111111") to be replaced is located, the first byte "0" is selected from the second binary information ("011000100") for sequential replacement, and the corresponding third binary information ("11111110") is generated;
for the byte "1" where the least significant bit in the second binary information ("11111101") to be replaced, selecting the second bit byte "1" from the second binary information ("011000100") for sequential replacement, and generating corresponding third binary information ("11111101");
for the byte "0" where the least significant bit is located in the third piece of first binary information to be replaced ("11111110"), the third byte "1" is selected from the second binary information ("011000100") for sequential replacement, so as to generate the corresponding third binary information ("11111111"), and so on, 9 pieces of third binary information can be obtained.
And performing inverse conversion on all the 9 pieces of third binary information to obtain target pixel values of 9 target pixels, and generating a target image.
It should be noted that, for the second frame image and the third frame image … …, the processing flow is consistent with the above, so that the watermark information is embedded into the pixels of each frame image, and a multi-frame target image can be obtained.
For the case that the first binary information to be replaced includes all the first binary information, all the first binary information may be grouped, the number of the first binary information included in each group is equal to the number of bits of the second binary information, and for the first binary information in each group, the above-described implementation may be repeatedly performed to achieve the purpose of replacing the byte where the least significant bit in all the first binary information is located.
S205, the target image is coded to generate a target video stream.
In the embodiment of the present invention, this step is similar to the step S104, and the details of the embodiment of the present invention are not repeated herein.
As shown in fig. 4, an implementation flow diagram of another video stream processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, where the method specifically includes the following steps:
s401, acquiring an original video stream, and determining a video type corresponding to the original video stream;
in the embodiment of the present invention, this step is similar to the step S201 described above, and details of the embodiment of the present invention are not repeated herein.
S402, determining information corresponding to the video type, and taking the information as watermark information corresponding to the original video stream;
in the embodiment of the present invention, this step is similar to the step S202, and details of the embodiment of the present invention are not repeated herein.
S403, decoding the original video stream, and extracting a video frame image in the original video stream;
in the embodiment of the present invention, this step is similar to the step S103, and the details of the embodiment of the present invention are not repeated herein.
S404, determining the pixel coordinates of the pixels to be replaced according to the identification of the original video stream;
in the embodiment of the present invention, since the number of pixels in the image is large, and the watermark information is converted into the second binary information, the number of bytes in the second binary information is large, and in order to avoid easily decoding the watermark information, it is necessary to determine the pixel coordinates of the pixel to be replaced, that is, to identify the pixel coordinates in the video frame image where the watermark can be embedded.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, an identifier of an original video stream may be obtained, a preset hash algorithm is used to generate a hash value corresponding to the identifier, the hash value is determined to be a coordinate sequence, and the coordinate sequence is split based on a preset splitting rule, so as to obtain a pixel coordinate of a pixel to be replaced.
The identifier of the original video stream may be an ID of the original video stream, a frame number of the original video stream, a size of the original video stream, and the like, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
For example, for the ID of the original video stream, a hash algorithm is used to generate a hash value according to the ID of the original video stream, where the hash value is a coordinate sequence, it should be noted that the hash algorithm may be other algorithms besides the hash algorithm, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
For a coordinate sequence: 123111212113123121, splitting can be performed based on a preset splitting rule to obtain the pixel coordinates of the pixel to be replaced, as follows: (12, 31), (11, 21), (21, 23), (12, 31), (21, 00), where the deficiency may complement 0, and the specific splitting rule may be set according to the actual situation, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
S405, converting a pixel value of a pixel to be replaced corresponding to the pixel coordinate in the video frame image into corresponding first binary information to be replaced, wherein the pixel value is a value of a target color channel in the pixel;
for the obtained pixel coordinates, the pixel values of the pixels to be replaced corresponding to the pixel coordinates in the video frame image are converted into the first binary information corresponding to the pixels to be replaced, so that for the video frame image, a plurality of pieces of first binary information to be replaced can be obtained.
For example, taking the first frame image as an example, taking the lower left corner as the origin of coordinates, for pixel coordinates, as follows: (12, 31), (11, 21), (21, 23), (11, 31), (21, 00), for the pixel to be replaced corresponding to the pixel coordinate in the first frame image, as shown in fig. 5, the pixel value is converted into the first binary information corresponding to the pixel to be replaced, so that for the first frame image, a plurality of pieces of first binary information to be replaced can be obtained.
S406, converting the watermark information into second binary information;
for the watermark information, the watermark information may be converted into second binary information, for example, the watermark information is also converted into second binary information: "011000100".
S407, replacing the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located by using one bit in the second binary information to generate corresponding third binary information;
and replacing the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is positioned by using one bit in the second binary information to generate corresponding third binary information.
Specifically, for each byte where the least significant bit in the first binary information to be replaced is located, one-bit bytes are sequentially selected from the second binary information for sequential replacement, and corresponding third binary information is generated.
For example, taking the first frame image as an example, for the pixel to be replaced corresponding to the pixel coordinate in the first frame image, as shown in table 2, the pixel may be converted into the first binary information to be replaced, as shown in table 3, so for the first frame image, 9 pieces of first binary information to be replaced may be obtained, and for the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of second binary information to be replaced is located, one-bit bytes are sequentially selected from the second binary information for sequential replacement, so as to generate the corresponding third binary information, as shown in fig. 3, so that 9 pieces of third binary information may be obtained.
S408, converting each piece of third binary information into a corresponding target pixel value to generate a target image;
for the video frame image, a plurality of pieces of third binary information may be obtained, and each piece of third binary information is inversely converted (converted into a corresponding target pixel value) to generate a target image, that is, a target image corresponding to the video frame image.
For example, for 9 pieces of the third binary information shown in fig. 3, the target image corresponding to the first frame image is generated by performing inverse conversion for each piece of the third binary information, and as shown in table 4 below, there are corresponding target images for the second frame image and the third frame image … ….
| 254 | 253 | 255 |
| 252 | 254 | 252 |
| 253 | 254 | 254 |
TABLE 4
S409, the target image is coded to generate a target video stream.
In the embodiment of the present invention, this step is similar to the step S104, and details of the embodiment of the present invention are not repeated herein.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, watermark information may be embedded into pixels of each frame of image in an original video stream through the above embodiment, so as to obtain a target video stream, and then in order to verify whether the target video stream is pirated by piracy, on the basis of the above embodiment, the following steps may be further included:
establishing a byte substitution corresponding relation between a byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be substituted is located and a byte of one bit byte in the second binary information; recording a replacement sequence for replacing the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located; and associating the byte replacement correspondence and the replacement sequence with the identification of the target video stream, wherein the identification of the original video stream is consistent with the identification of the target video stream.
The embodiment of the invention can determine a frame of image from each frame of image contained in the original video stream, can establish the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located in the process of embedding the watermark information into the pixel of the frame of image, and can be in corresponding relation with the byte replacement of one bit byte in the second binary information, and record the replacement sequence for replacing the byte where the least significant bit is located in each piece of first binary information to be replaced.
For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, a first frame image is selected, a byte where a least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located is established in a process of embedding watermark information into a pixel of the first frame image, a correspondence relationship between the byte replacement of a bit byte in each piece of second binary information and the byte replacement is established, and a replacement sequence for replacing the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located is recorded, as shown in table 5 below.
TABLE 5
As can be seen from table 5, a byte "1" where the least significant bit in the 1 st to-be-replaced first binary information is located is established, a byte replacement corresponding relationship with the first bit byte "0" in the second binary information is recorded, a replacement sequence "1" for replacing the byte "1" where the least significant bit in the 1 st to-be-replaced first binary information is located is recorded, a byte "1" where the least significant bit in the 2 nd to-be-replaced first binary information is located is established, a byte replacement corresponding relationship with the second bit byte "1" in the second binary information is recorded, a replacement sequence "2" for replacing the byte "1" where the least significant bit in the 2 nd to-be-replaced first binary information is located is recorded, and so on.
In this way, a byte replacement correspondence can be established, and a recording replacement sequence can be associated with the identifier of the target video stream, wherein the identifier of the original video stream is consistent with the identifier of the target video stream.
Based on the foregoing, an embodiment of the present invention may extract watermark information from a target video stream, and specifically as shown in fig. 6, is an implementation flow diagram of another video stream processing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the method specifically includes the following steps:
s601, acquiring the target video stream, and determining the identifier of the target video stream;
in the embodiment of the present invention, a target video stream may be acquired, and an identifier corresponding to the target video stream may be determined. For example, a target video stream is acquired, and an ID corresponding to the target video stream is determined.
S602, searching the byte replacement corresponding relation and the replacement sequence associated with the identification of the target video stream;
through the above steps, the embodiment of the present invention associates the byte replacement correspondence and the replacement order with the identifier of the target video stream, so that the associated byte replacement correspondence and replacement order can be searched based on the identifier of the target video stream.
For example, a byte replacement correspondence, replacement order, associated with the ID of the target video stream is found.
S603, forming the second binary information according to the byte replacement corresponding relation and the replacement sequence;
as for the byte replacement correspondence and the replacement order, as shown in table 5 above, the second binary information may be composed according to the byte replacement correspondence and the replacement order.
For example, the second binary information "011000100" may be composed according to the byte replacement correspondence and the replacement order.
S604, performing inverse conversion on the second binary information to generate the watermark information.
The second binary information is inversely converted to generate watermark information, so that the watermark information can be extracted from the target video stream, the source of the video stream can be traced conveniently, whether piracy is infringed or not can be verified conveniently, and the benefit of an original author can be ensured.
Corresponding to the foregoing method embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a video stream processing apparatus, as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus may include: a video stream acquisition module 710, an information determination module 720, an image extraction module 730, an information embedding module 740, and an image encoding module 750.
A video stream acquiring module 710, configured to acquire an original video stream;
an information determining module 720, configured to determine watermark information corresponding to the original video stream;
an image extracting module 730, configured to decode the original video stream and extract a video frame image in the original video stream;
an information embedding module 740, configured to embed the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image, so as to generate a target image;
and an image encoding module 750, configured to encode the target image to generate a target video stream.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the information embedding module 740 specifically includes:
the first conversion sub-module is used for converting a pixel value of any pixel in the video frame image into corresponding first binary information, wherein the pixel value is a value of a target color channel in the pixel;
the second conversion submodule is used for converting the watermark information into second binary information;
the information determination submodule is used for determining first binary information to be replaced from the plurality of pieces of first binary information according to the digit of the second binary information;
the byte replacement submodule is used for sequentially selecting one-bit bytes from the second binary information for sequential replacement aiming at the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is positioned, and generating corresponding third binary information;
and the image generation submodule is used for converting each piece of the third binary information into a corresponding target pixel value to generate a target image.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the first binary information to be replaced includes:
a number of first binary information equal to the number of bits of the second binary information or all of the first binary information.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the information embedding module 740 specifically includes:
the coordinate determination submodule is used for determining the pixel coordinate of the pixel to be replaced according to the identifier of the original video stream;
the first conversion submodule is used for converting a pixel value of a pixel to be replaced corresponding to the pixel coordinate in the video frame image into first binary information corresponding to the pixel to be replaced, wherein the pixel value is a value of a target color channel in the pixel;
the second conversion submodule is used for converting the watermark information into second binary information;
the byte replacement submodule is used for sequentially selecting one-bit bytes from the second binary information for sequential replacement aiming at the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is positioned, and generating corresponding third binary information;
and the image generation submodule is used for converting each piece of the third binary information into a corresponding target pixel value to generate a target image.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the coordinate determination submodule is specifically configured to:
acquiring an identifier of the original video stream, and generating a hash value corresponding to the identifier by using a preset hash algorithm;
determining the hash value as a coordinate sequence;
and splitting the coordinate sequence based on a preset splitting rule to obtain the pixel coordinate of the pixel to be replaced.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes:
the association module is used for establishing a byte substitution corresponding relation between the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be substituted is located and the byte of one-bit byte in the second binary information;
recording a replacement sequence for replacing the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located;
and associating the byte replacement correspondence and the replacement sequence with the identification of the target video stream, wherein the identification of the original video stream is consistent with the identification of the target video stream.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes:
the information extraction module is used for acquiring the target video stream and determining the identifier of the target video stream;
searching the byte replacement corresponding relation and the replacement sequence associated with the identification of the target video stream;
forming the second binary information according to the byte replacement corresponding relation and the replacement sequence;
and performing inverse conversion on the second binary information to generate the watermark information.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, as shown in fig. 8, which includes a processor 81, a communication interface 82, a memory 83, and a communication bus 84, where the processor 81, the communication interface 82, and the memory 83 complete mutual communication through the communication bus 84,
a memory 83 for storing a computer program;
the processor 81 is configured to implement the following steps when executing the program stored in the memory 83:
acquiring an original video stream, and determining watermark information corresponding to the original video stream; decoding the original video stream, and extracting a video frame image in the original video stream; embedding the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image to generate a target image; and coding the target image to generate a target video stream.
The communication bus mentioned in the electronic device may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The communication bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
The communication interface is used for communication between the electronic equipment and other equipment.
The Memory may include a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a non-volatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as at least one disk Memory. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor.
The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; the Integrated Circuit may also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a storage medium is further provided, where instructions are stored, and when the storage medium runs on a computer, the instructions cause the computer to execute the video stream processing method in any one of the above embodiments.
In yet another embodiment, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which when run on a computer causes the computer to perform the video stream processing method described in any of the above embodiments.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, cause the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored on a storage medium or transmitted from one storage medium to another, for example, from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device including one or more available media integrated servers, data centers, and the like. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for processing a video stream, the method comprising:
acquiring an original video stream, and determining watermark information corresponding to the original video stream;
decoding the original video stream, and extracting a video frame image in the original video stream;
embedding the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image to generate a target image, wherein the method comprises the following steps: converting a pixel value of any pixel in the video frame image into corresponding first binary information, wherein the pixel value is a value of a target color channel in the pixel; converting the watermark information into second binary information; determining first binary information to be replaced from a plurality of pieces of first binary information according to the number of bits of the second binary information; sequentially selecting one-bit bytes from the second binary information for sequential replacement aiming at the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located, and generating corresponding third binary information; converting each piece of the third binary information into a corresponding target pixel value to generate a target image;
and coding the target image to generate a target video stream.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first binary information to be replaced comprises:
an equal number of first binary information or all first binary information as the number of bits of the second binary information.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein embedding the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image to generate a target image comprises:
determining the pixel coordinates of the pixels to be replaced according to the identification of the original video stream;
converting a pixel value of a pixel to be replaced corresponding to the pixel coordinate in the video frame image into corresponding first binary information to be replaced, wherein the pixel value is a value of a target color channel in the pixel;
converting the watermark information into second binary information;
sequentially selecting one-bit bytes from the second binary information for sequential replacement aiming at the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located, and generating corresponding third binary information;
and converting each piece of the third binary information into a corresponding target pixel value to generate a target image.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining pixel coordinates of pixels to be replaced based on the identification of the original video stream comprises:
acquiring an identifier of the original video stream, and generating a hash value corresponding to the identifier by using a preset hash algorithm;
determining the hash value as a coordinate sequence;
and splitting the coordinate sequence based on a preset splitting rule to obtain the pixel coordinate of the pixel to be replaced.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:
establishing a byte substitution corresponding relation between a byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be substituted is located and a byte of one bit byte in the second binary information;
recording a replacement sequence for replacing the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is located;
and associating the byte replacement correspondence and the replacement sequence with the identification of the target video stream, wherein the identification of the original video stream is consistent with the identification of the target video stream.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
acquiring the target video stream, and determining the identifier of the target video stream;
searching the byte replacement corresponding relation and the replacement sequence associated with the identification of the target video stream;
forming the second binary information according to the byte replacement corresponding relation and the replacement sequence;
and performing inverse conversion on the second binary information to generate the watermark information.
7. A video stream processing apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
the video stream acquisition module is used for acquiring an original video stream;
an information determining module, configured to determine watermark information corresponding to the original video stream;
the image extraction module is used for decoding the original video stream and extracting a video frame image in the original video stream;
the information embedding module is used for embedding the watermark information into pixels of the video frame image to generate a target image; the information embedding module specifically comprises: the first conversion sub-module is used for converting a pixel value of any pixel in the video frame image into corresponding first binary information, wherein the pixel value is a value of a target color channel in the pixel; the second conversion submodule is used for converting the watermark information into second binary information; the information determining submodule is used for determining first binary information to be replaced from the plurality of pieces of first binary information according to the digits of the second binary information; the byte replacement submodule is used for sequentially selecting one-bit bytes from the second binary information for sequential replacement aiming at the byte where the least significant bit in each piece of first binary information to be replaced is positioned, and generating corresponding third binary information; an image generation submodule for converting each piece of the third binary information into a corresponding target pixel value to generate a target image
And the image coding module is used for coding the target image to generate a target video stream.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the first binary information to be replaced comprises:
a number of first binary information equal to the number of bits of the second binary information or all of the first binary information.
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| CN114066710A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-02-18 | 山东捷瑞数字科技股份有限公司 | Image generation method and system of occupation map |
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