CN111668940B - Power station control system and control method - Google Patents

Power station control system and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111668940B
CN111668940B CN202010629774.6A CN202010629774A CN111668940B CN 111668940 B CN111668940 B CN 111668940B CN 202010629774 A CN202010629774 A CN 202010629774A CN 111668940 B CN111668940 B CN 111668940B
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Prior art keywords
power supply
supply unit
unit
generator set
self
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CN111668940A (en
Inventor
吕俊
罗卫华
肖军浪
任雪萍
韦海峰
于部波
宋鹏超
陈彦京
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PLA Rocket Force Engineering Design Research Institute
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PLA Rocket Force Engineering Design Research Institute
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/08—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems requiring starting of a prime-mover
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/12—Energy storage units, uninterruptible power supply [UPS] systems or standby or emergency generators, e.g. in the last power distribution stages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/248—UPS systems or standby or emergency generators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a power station control system and a control method, wherein the power station control system comprises field layer equipment, control layer equipment and management layer equipment; the field layer equipment mainly comprises a self-contained power supply unit, an external power supply unit and a power supply switching unit which are used for forming a power station; the power station reliability is improved, the force allocation of the watch keeper is reduced, and the response time of the power station is effectively shortened.

Description

Power station control system and control method
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power stations, in particular to a power station control system and a control method.
Background
The power stations arranged in a large number of projects generally comprise an external power supply (external power supply for short) and a self-contained power supply, the external power supply is led from a 10kV public power grid (commercial power), a diesel generator set is arranged as the self-contained power supply, the power stations are designed and operated and managed by the concept of 'professional watching', and the operation and maintenance technical level of the watching staff can greatly influence the reliable operation of the power stations.
Based on this, in order to effectively improve the reliability of the power station, solve the informatization, scientization and standardization level of management and maintenance and reduce the problem of force allocation of the watchman, the prior art does not provide an effective solution.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem or at least partially solve the technical problem, the application provides a power station control system and a control method.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a power station control system, which includes field layer equipment, control layer equipment, and management layer equipment; the field layer equipment mainly comprises a self-contained power supply unit, an external power supply unit and a power supply switching unit which are used for forming a power station;
the control modes of the power station control system comprise a local manual mode, an automatic mode and a remote control mode; in a local manual mode, the self-contained power supply unit is used for controlling the running state of the self-contained power supply unit according to a first control signal of a preset control unit; in an automatic mode, the control layer device is configured to generate a second control signal and send the second control signal to the self-contained power supply unit to control an operating state of the self-contained power supply unit; in the remote control mode, the control layer device is used for receiving a remote control signal of the management layer device and sending the remote control signal to the self-contained power supply unit so as to control the running state of the self-contained power supply unit;
the power supply switching unit is used for switching a power supply so as to enable the self-contained power supply unit or the external power supply unit to supply power to a power station load.
Optionally, the power switching unit includes a first high-voltage backup power automatic switching device and a low-voltage automatic transfer switch ATSE device; the self-contained power supply unit comprises a generator set and an auxiliary system linked with the generator set, wherein the generator set comprises a high-pressure diesel generator set and a low-pressure diesel generator set; the external power unit comprises an external power supply for the high-voltage unit and an external power supply for the low-voltage unit, and the external power supply for the low-voltage unit is provided with a step-down transformer;
the high-voltage diesel generator set and the high-voltage generator set are respectively connected with a first input end and a second input end of the first high-voltage spare power automatic switching device by using external power supplies, and an output end of the first high-voltage spare power automatic switching device is connected with a high-voltage load cabinet;
the low-voltage diesel generator set and the step-down transformer are respectively connected with a first input end and a second input end of the ATSE device, and an output end of the ATSE device is connected with a low-voltage load cabinet.
Optionally, the power switching unit further includes a second high-voltage backup power automatic switching device; the low-pressure diesel generator set is divided into a first link and a second link; the first link is connected with a first input end of the first high-voltage spare power automatic switching device; the second link is provided with a boosting transformer; the step-up transformer and the low-voltage unit are respectively connected with a first input end and a second input end of the second high-voltage automatic bus transfer device by using an external power supply, and an output end of the second high-voltage automatic bus transfer device is connected with a direct-supply load cabinet of the generator set.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a plant control method of the plant control system as described above, the plant control method comprising:
the field layer equipment monitors the running state of the self-contained power supply unit and transmits the running state of the self-contained power supply unit to the control layer equipment;
the control layer device monitors the running state of the external power supply unit and transmits the running state of the self-contained power supply unit and the running state of the external power supply unit to the management layer device;
in a local manual mode, the self-contained power supply unit generates a first control signal according to the operation and control operation of a preset operation and control unit, and controls the running state of the self-contained power supply unit according to the first control signal;
in an automatic mode, the control layer device generates a second control signal according to the running state of the external power supply unit and sends the second control signal to the self-contained power supply unit so as to control the running state of the self-contained power supply unit through the second control signal;
in the remote control mode, the control layer device receives a remote control signal of the management layer device and sends the remote control signal to the self-contained power supply unit so as to control the running state of the self-contained power supply unit through the remote control signal;
the power supply switching unit switches a path of power supply from the self-contained power supply unit or the external power supply unit to a power station load according to the running state of the self-contained power supply unit and the running state of the external power supply unit.
Optionally, the operation state of the external power supply unit includes a power-off state and a power-supply state of the external power supply unit;
the power switching unit switches a path for the self-contained power unit or the external power unit to supply power to the power station load according to the operation state of the self-contained power unit and the operation state of the external power unit, and includes:
when the external power supply unit is switched from a power supply state to a power loss state, the power supply switching unit switches the self-contained power supply unit to supply power to the power station load;
when the external power supply unit is switched from a power loss state to a power supply state, the power supply switching unit switches the external power supply unit to supply power to the power station load.
Optionally, the running state of the self-contained power supply unit includes a starting state and a closing state of the self-contained power supply unit; the second control signal comprises a starting signal, a first linkage signal, a closing signal and a second linkage signal; the control layer device comprises a unit controller; the field layer equipment comprises a generator set and an auxiliary system;
in the automatic mode, the control layer device generates a second control signal according to the operation state of the self-contained power supply unit and the operation state of the external power supply unit, and transmits the second control signal to the self-contained power supply unit to control the operation state of the self-contained power supply unit by the second control signal, including:
in the automatic mode, the unit controller generates the start signal and the first linkage signal when determining that the external power supply unit is switched from a power supply state to a power loss state; sending the starting signal to the generator set to start the generator set, and sending the first linkage signal to the auxiliary system to enable the auxiliary system to operate in a linkage manner; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the cell controller generates the shutdown signal and the second linkage signal upon determining that the external power supply unit switches from a power-off state to a power-on state; and sending the shutdown signal to the generator set to cause the generator set to shutdown, and sending the second linkage signal to the auxiliary system to cause the auxiliary system to delay shutdown.
Optionally, the power station control method further includes:
the power supply switching unit switches the self-contained power supply unit to supply power to the power station load according to a preset first power supply switching monitoring reference;
the power supply switching unit switches the external power supply unit to supply power to the power station load according to a preset second power supply switching monitoring reference;
the first power supply switching monitoring reference comprises one or more of the following:
the voltage action value of the power loss of the external power supply unit;
the starting of a generator set of the self-contained power supply unit is delayed when the external power supply unit loses power;
the normal loaded output of the generator set reaches a preset threshold value of a rated voltage and a frequency value of the generator set;
the switching time of the external power supply unit to the self-contained power supply unit is delayed;
the second power supply switching monitoring reference comprises one or more of the following:
cooling delay before the stop of the generator set;
the switching time of the generator set to the external power supply unit is delayed by TDEN;
and the middle pause time of the switching of the generator set to the external power supply unit.
Optionally, the sending the start signal to the generator set so that after the generator set is started, the method includes:
a generator set controller monitors the load rate and the bus frequency of the generator set bus;
and adjusting the starting number of generator sets in the field equipment according to the load, or unloading the load according to the load priority when the bus frequency is less than a set value.
Optionally, the power station control method further includes:
in the process that the external power supply unit supplies power to the power station load, the unit controller disconnects an incoming line breaker of the external power supply unit according to preset test time; and starting the generator set incoming line test, and closing the tested generator set when the generator set runs to the preset running time.
Optionally, the control layer device further includes a touch device and a programmable logic controller PLC module; the plant control method further comprises one or more of:
the touch device receives an auxiliary system operating instruction, and controls the auxiliary system through the PLC module so as to change the operating parameters of the auxiliary system;
in the process of switching the external power supply unit to supply power to the power station load, when the unit controller detects that an incoming line main breaker of the external power supply unit fails to be switched on, the power supply switching unit is controlled to be switched to the self-contained power supply unit to supply power to the power station load;
in the power supply switching process, when the unit controller detects that a contact at the position of a breaker makes an error and the breaker fails to open a brake, the unit controller detects whether three-phase current flowing through the breaker exceeds a minimum critical value, if not, the main breaker is judged to be still in a closing state, the original power supply unit is kept to supply power continuously, and if the three-phase current is smaller than the minimum critical value, the main breaker is judged to be successfully opened, and the switching process is continued;
the PLC module monitors equipment actions, determines fault conditions of equipment with faults according to the equipment actions, feeds the fault conditions back to the touch device, and the touch device sends out corresponding alarm prompts according to the fault conditions and preset fault types and feeds the fault conditions back to the unit controller; the unit controller determines a control strategy of the equipment with the fault according to the fault type and sends the control strategy to the PLC module so that the PLC module controls the equipment with the fault according to the control strategy;
the unit controller judges whether the breaker has a fault or not by monitoring the state of the auxiliary switch of the breaker.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
according to the power station management and maintenance system, the reliability of the power station is improved, the informatization, scientization and standardization levels of power station management and maintenance are achieved, the force allocation of watchmen is reduced, and the response time of the power station is effectively shortened.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plant control system provided in various embodiments of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power station according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the following description, suffixes such as "module", "component", or "unit" used to denote elements are used only for facilitating the explanation of the present invention, and have no specific meaning in itself. Thus, "module", "component" or "unit" may be used mixedly.
Example one
An embodiment of the present invention provides a power station control system, as shown in fig. 1, where the power station control system includes field layer equipment, control layer equipment, and management layer equipment; the field layer equipment mainly comprises a self-contained power supply unit, an external power supply unit and a power supply switching unit which are used for forming a power station;
the control modes of the power station control system comprise a local manual mode, an automatic mode and a remote control mode; in a local manual mode, the self-contained power supply unit is used for controlling the running state of the self-contained power supply unit according to a first control signal of a preset control unit; in an automatic mode, the control layer device is configured to generate a second control signal and send the second control signal to the self-contained power supply unit to control an operating state of the self-contained power supply unit; in the remote control mode, the control layer device is used for receiving a remote control signal of the management layer device and sending the remote control signal to the self-contained power supply unit so as to control the running state of the self-contained power supply unit;
the power supply switching unit is used for switching a power supply so that the self-contained power supply unit or the external power supply unit supplies power to the power station load.
The power supply switching unit can be a dual power supply switch ATSE and has a self-switching and self-resetting mode, a self-switching and non-self-resetting mode and a manual mode, and the manual mode can be a manual operation mode or a mode controlled by control layer equipment. The operating state of a self-contained power supply unit (self-contained power supply for short) is generally referred to herein as the operating state of the genset and auxiliary systems in the self-contained power supply unit, e.g., the start/stop state of the genset. The external power unit (external power for short) refers to an external power unit, and may be mains supply. The operation state of the external power supply unit includes a power-off state of the external power supply unit and a power supply state of the external power supply unit.
The response time of the power station control system in the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
system real-time data transfer time: less than or equal to 1 s;
system control command response time: less than or equal to 1 s;
system linkage command response time: less than or equal to 1 s;
average switching time of menus and window pictures at all levels: less than or equal to 1 s;
screen picture switching time: less than or equal to 1 s;
simple function query response time: less than or equal to 3 s;
complex function query response time: less than or equal to 10 s.
The reliability indexes of the power station control system in the embodiment of the invention are as follows:
mean Time Between Failures (MTBF): not less than 2000 h;
mean time to failure (MTTR): less than or equal to 24 hours.
In the embodiment of the invention, the power station control system is in a local manual mode, so that an operator can conveniently control the power station on site through field layer equipment on a generator set, for example, starting/stopping the generator and switching-off/switching-on operation on switching equipment such as a breaker of the generator set and the like; in the automatic mode, the power station is intelligently and automatically controlled, for example, the power supply path of the power station load can be switched according to the running states of the self-contained power supply unit and the external power supply unit; the power station is remotely controlled in a remote control mode through management layer equipment, so that an intelligent unattended power station control system can be realized, the reliability of the power station is improved, the informatization, scientific and standardized levels of power station management and maintenance are solved, the force allocation of attended personnel is reduced, and the response time of the power station is effectively shortened.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the generator set in the self-contained power unit is a diesel generator set, and the power switching unit includes a first high-voltage backup automatic switching device and a low-voltage Automatic Transfer Switch (ATSE) device; the self-contained power supply unit comprises a generator set and an auxiliary system linked with the generator set, wherein the auxiliary system comprises an external circulation (water) system, an oil supply system, a ventilation system, a direct current power supply system, a smoke abatement and temperature reduction device and the like. The generator set comprises a high-pressure diesel generator set and a low-pressure diesel generator set; the external power unit comprises an external power supply for the high-voltage unit and an external power supply for the low-voltage unit, and the external power supply for the low-voltage unit is provided with a step-down transformer; the high-voltage unit outputs external power for the high-voltage unit by using the external power outlet cabinet, and the low-voltage unit outputs external power for the low-voltage unit by using the external power outlet cabinet.
The high-voltage diesel generating set and the high-voltage generating set are respectively connected with a first input end and a second input end of the first high-voltage backup automatic switching device by using an external power supply, and an output end of the first high-voltage backup automatic switching device is connected with a high-voltage load cabinet (namely a substation outgoing line cabinet for the high-voltage generating set);
the low-voltage diesel generator set and the step-down transformer are respectively connected with a first input end and a second input end of the ATSE device, and an output end of the ATSE device is connected with a low-voltage load cabinet (namely a low-voltage unit substation outlet cabinet).
That is to say, in some embodiments, the power station control system can not only meet power station loads with different power consumption requirements, but also effectively ensure the reliability of a power station with a complex structure by arranging the low-voltage power generator set and the high-voltage power generator set in the self-contained power supply unit and arranging the external power supply for the high-voltage power generator set and the external power supply for the low-voltage power generator set in the external power supply unit.
Optionally, the power switching unit further includes a second high-voltage backup power automatic switching device; the low-pressure diesel generator set is divided into a first link and a second link; the first link is connected with a first input end of the first high-voltage spare power automatic switching device; the second link is provided with a boosting transformer; the step-up transformer and the low-voltage unit are respectively connected with a first input end and a second input end of the second high-voltage automatic bus transfer device by using an external power supply, and an output end of the second high-voltage automatic bus transfer device is connected with a direct-supply load cabinet of the generator set. The load cabinet is used for connecting the power station load. The power demand of the power station load is further met through the step-up transformer and the pressurizing transformer, and the reliability of the power station is ensured.
In some embodiments, the generator set is provided with a machine-side controller, a circuit breaker, a contactor, an actuator and a parameter measuring device which are preset to control the unit. The actuator can receive and execute the control signal from the control layer. The circuit breaker and the contactor are used for opening/closing an output line of the generator set, protecting the diesel generator set and the like; the parameter measuring device is used for measuring electrical parameters, comprises a current/voltage transformer, a sensor and the like, and is mainly used for completing the field measurement of the electrical parameters such as current, voltage and the like.
Local monitoring and control are realized to field layer equipment, and including the other controller of generating set, equipment body control and control such as high-voltage board (or low-voltage board), fan, water pump and oil tank, auxiliary system has the ethernet communication function. Wherein, the auxiliary system comprises an external circulating water system, an oil supply system, a ventilation system and a smoke abatement and temperature reduction device. The external circulating water system mainly comprises a water pump, an electric valve and a self-contained control system (with a communication function); the oil supply system consists of an oil tank, a daily oil tank, a controller with a remote transmission signal, a contactor, an oil pump, a pipeline and a valve; the ventilation system mainly comprises a fan and a self-contained control system (with a communication function); the smoke-discharging silencing temp. -lowering device is formed from smoke-eliminating device and matched control system. The auxiliary system has the following functions:
1) under the remote control mode, the parallel screen control signal of the mechanism controller and the linkage signal (the transmission signal type is a passive dry contact) during the action of the unit are received, and the running function of the equipment is automatically controlled according to the signal input;
2) the Ethernet communication function is provided, and the protocol adopts a standard Modbus/TCP-IP communication protocol;
3) the parallel screen has an independent control function, and can feed back the operation of the equipment and the action signals of the related valves to the unit controller through the dry contact.
The control layer equipment comprises a unit controller, a touch device and a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) module; the touch device is respectively connected with the unit controller and the PLC module, and the unit controller is connected with the machine-side controller, the parameter detection device and the execution mechanism. The touch device may be a device having a touch screen. The field layer equipment and the control layer equipment control the priority switching through a local/remote switch. The local switch corresponds to a local manual mode, and the remote switch corresponds to an automatic mode and a remote control mode.
In detail, the control layer device realizes control layer monitoring and control, the control layer device is composed of a generator set controller, a touch device, a switch and the like, and a PLC module is added in a complex system to assist in controlling the field layer device. The unit controller is connected with a machine side control box through a shielded cable, collects and monitors unit operation parameters, is configured with a corresponding software system to realize automatic control of the unattended power station, and is communicated with an upper computer (management layer device) to realize remote monitoring and control of the unattended power station; meanwhile, according to the interface characteristics of the field layer equipment, data are exchanged with the field layer equipment through a communication interface or an analog/digital interface of the system controller, so that the local control and monitoring of the unattended power station are realized; and simultaneously, local storage of user operation, system operation data and alarm information is realized. The touch screen provides a good human-computer interface, local monitoring of the unattended power station is achieved through Ethernet communication, and historical operation data of the system can be consulted. The LED displays the modes of operation, remote start, non-automatic position, stop, alarm, automatic operation, manual operation, stop and the like of the system.
Table 1 controlling the functionality of a layer device
Figure BDA0002568104940000091
The management layer device comprises a system controller; the system controller is respectively connected with the unit controller, the touch device and the PLC module through a communication network. The control layer and the management layer control the priority switching through a local/remote switch. The system controller is composed of a central monitoring computer, a router and other network equipment, and is configured with a database system and a monitoring interface, so that the remote monitoring, control and data storage of the unattended power station can be realized.
For example, the management layer device uses a computer to cooperate with related software to form a system controller, and the system controller reads corresponding data from the group controller and the PLC module through a communication interface and a field bus; for the parameters (voltage, current, frequency, running state of an auxiliary system and the like) collected by the unit controller, the system controller reads the data of the monitoring equipment through the communication interface, the switch signal input port or the analog signal input port according to the characteristics of the output signal of the monitoring equipment and the characteristics of the interface, and controls the PLC and the unit controller to act, so that the aim of controlling the action of the field layer equipment is fulfilled.
The touch device and the system controller in the control layer device can also be used for monitoring the following indexes:
1) commercial power parameters: voltage, current, frequency and power of a mains supply inlet wire end;
2) parameters of the diesel generator set: engine speed, coolant temperature, oil pressure and unit frequency;
3) parameters of the power distribution system: the voltage of an emergency bus, the output current and frequency of each unit, the current, frequency and power of each feeder line of the emergency bus, the states of each circuit breaker such as a main circuit breaker and a feeder line circuit breaker and a dual-power transfer switch ATSE;
4) auxiliary system parameters: the liquid level of the oil tank, the states of the oil supply system, the ventilation system, the smoke exhaust system and the cooling system, and the voltage and the electric quantity of the direct-current power supply system;
5) run mode (local manual/automatic/remote control mode);
6) alarm information: the method comprises the following steps of failure of opening/closing of a circuit breaker, failure of a position contact of the circuit breaker, synchronization failure of a diesel generating set, overtime of power supply parallel connection, failure of a communication system, low liquid level of an oil tank, high temperature of cooling liquid, low electric quantity of a direct-current power supply system, failure of a ventilation system and various protection actions of the diesel generating set.
The interface of the system controller has the following functions:
(1) the method has a good human-computer interface. The operation monitoring and remote control operation of the power station can be realized by utilizing a human-computer interface, a main wiring diagram and main equipment parameters of the transformer station can be monitored, and historical values and various set values can be checked.
(2) The user can inquire historical operating data and alarm information in different time periods and display the historical operating data and the alarm information in a report form and a curve form; the user can export historical operating data in an excel format; the human-computer interface can be used for realizing the editing and printing of pictures, charts and curves.
(3) The state change of important equipment in the power station can be listed as the content of event sequence recording processing, the information of the event sequence recording processing is accurate and complete, and an event recording report is generated.
(4) The user can complete the setting of the system through the interface, including the selection of the operation mode, the setting of the protective relay and the like;
(5) the interface has real-time performance on the operation of the system, and the equipment can respond to the operation of the user in time;
(6) the interface has an operation authority management function, different users are set by the system, and different operation authorities are set according to different user authorities.
(7) The system has the on-line diagnosis capability, when the system is found to be abnormal in operation, the alarm and the record are required, different sound and light alarm and picture display modes are configured, the alarm information has good visualization and sound effects, the alarm information record is required to be complete, and the retrieval is convenient; the exit and recovery of the alarm point can be confirmed; the monitoring center has the functions of fault information analysis and the like, and can collect and record protection action information, fault recording waveforms and the like of the power station.
(8) Possesses the centralized control anti-misoperation lockout function. When a central monitoring anti-misoperation locking system is configured, forced locking of remote operation of an unattended power station is realized.
The system main controller can record and store the operation of a user, the operation parameters of a system and alarm information, the time for storing data by the system main controller is not less than three months, the operation parameters of the user and the operation parameters of the system are uploaded to a management machine of a central control room, the management machine is configured with a database, the data format meets the design requirements of a database data structure and the data standard, and the time for storing data is not less than 3 years.
Wherein, can also realize its remote monitoring through the host computer of central control room. The upper computer develops monitoring software and a database, and realizes remote monitoring of the operation parameters, the operation mode and the operation state of each device of the unattended power station and inquiry of historical data by reading and storing data in the system controller; in the remote control mode, a user can change the running state of the equipment, adjust set parameters and send control signals to the system controller through the comprehensive information system through the monitoring interface, so that the remote control of the unattended power station is realized.
The power station control system in the embodiment of the invention acquires and monitors the remote data of the power station. By adopting a communication network with a bus type physical structure and adopting a Modbus RTU 485/TCP-IP data transmission protocol, the system controller can be accessed, and the running conditions of the generator set and the corollary equipment thereof can be remotely monitored. When the power station control system is in a remote control mode, the diesel generator set can be remotely controlled to start or stop. For example,
1) in the local manual control mode, an operator can start/stop the generator set and perform switching-off/switching-on operations on switching equipment such as a circuit breaker and the like through a touch screen (a preset control unit) on site;
2) in the automatic control mode, the unit controller can monitor the state of the commercial power in real time, and when the commercial power is out of power and the dual power supply changeover switch ATSE is in the automatic switching self-recovery mode and the automatic switching non-self-recovery mode, the unit controller can automatically start the diesel generator set; the units are automatically increased or decreased according to the load rate of the diesel generating set, and the diesel generating set has an automatic synchronization function when put into use; when the load rate of the diesel generating set exceeds the set load rate, automatically reducing the load according to the preset priority of the load; for the ATSE self-switching and self-resetting mode of the dual-power transfer switch, when the commercial power is recovered, the system can be automatically switched to the commercial power for supplying power, and the unit is controlled to be cooled and shut down.
3) Under the remote control mode, an operator can remotely start/stop the diesel generating set through the system controller, perform switching-off/switching-on operation on the circuit breaker and the dual-power supply changeover switch ATSE, and look up various historical operation data and alarm information. In the three modes, the starting of the diesel generating set is linked with the starting of the auxiliary system (the oil supply system, the automatic oil supplement system, the cooling system and the ventilation system), and the auxiliary system delays the stopping after the diesel generating set stops.
The power station control system in the embodiment of the invention can also perform periodic test on the diesel generating set, and the test is divided into two types of periodic on-load test and periodic off-load test.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a power station control method for the power station control system in the first embodiment, wherein the power station control method comprises the following steps:
the field layer equipment monitors the running state of the self-contained power supply unit and transmits the running state of the self-contained power supply unit to the control layer equipment;
the control layer device monitors the running state of the external power supply unit and transmits the running state of the self-contained power supply unit and the running state of the external power supply unit to the management layer device;
in a local manual mode, the self-contained power supply unit generates a first control signal according to the operation and control operation of a preset operation and control unit, and controls the running state of the self-contained power supply unit according to the first control signal;
in an automatic mode, the control layer device generates a second control signal according to the running state of the external power supply unit and sends the second control signal to the self-contained power supply unit so as to control the running state of the self-contained power supply unit through the second control signal;
in the remote control mode, the control layer device receives a remote control signal of the management layer device and sends the remote control signal to the self-contained power supply unit so as to control the running state of the self-contained power supply unit through the remote control signal;
the power supply switching unit switches a path of power supply from the self-contained power supply unit or the external power supply unit to a power station load according to the running state of the self-contained power supply unit and the running state of the external power supply unit.
In the embodiment of the invention, the operating state of the self-contained power supply unit is monitored by the field layer equipment and is transmitted to the control layer equipment, the operating state of the external power supply unit is monitored by the control layer equipment, and the operating state of the self-contained power supply unit and the operating state of the external power supply unit are transmitted to the management layer equipment, so that an operator can conveniently control the power station on site through the field layer equipment in a local manual mode, the power station is intelligently and automatically controlled in an automatic mode, and the power station is remotely controlled through the management layer equipment in a remote control mode, thereby realizing the intellectualization and unattended operation of the power station, improving the reliability of the power station, reducing the power allocation of on-duty personnel and effectively reducing the response time of the power station.
For example, in a local manual mode, a generator set is started by a controller on the slave side, the power is switched on from a parallel screen after the normal operation is finished, and the power is switched to supply power to the generator set from a switching screen; in the remote control mode, starting the generator set, closing and combining the generator set and the switch screen of the slave unit controller to switch the electromechanical power supply; in an automatic mode, the generator set controller is in an automatic state, and when the commercial power fails, the generator set controller is automatically started, switched on, and connected and switched to the generator set side for supplying power. Wherein the operation state of the external power supply unit includes a power-off state and a power-on state of the external power supply unit;
optionally, the power switching unit switches a path of power supply from the self-contained power unit or the external power unit to the power station load according to the operation state of the self-contained power unit and the operation state of the external power unit, and includes:
when the external power supply unit is switched from a power supply state to a power loss state, the power supply switching unit switches the self-contained power supply unit to supply power to the power station load;
when the external power supply unit is switched from a power loss state to a power supply state, the power supply switching unit switches the external power supply unit to supply power to the power station load.
In some embodiments, the operational state of the self-contained power supply unit includes an on state and an off state of the self-contained power supply unit; the second control signal comprises a starting signal, a first linkage signal, a closing signal and a second linkage signal; the control layer device comprises a unit controller; the field layer equipment comprises a generator set and an auxiliary system;
in the automatic mode, the control layer device generates a second control signal according to the operation state of the self-contained power supply unit and the operation state of the external power supply unit, and transmits the second control signal to the self-contained power supply unit to control the operation state of the self-contained power supply unit by the second control signal, including: the external power supply unit in the automatic mode is switched to the self-contained power supply unit and the external power supply unit of the self-contained power supply unit switching box.
Wherein, external power supply unit under the automatic mode includes to the switching of self-contained power supply unit:
in the automatic mode, the unit controller generates the start signal and the first linkage signal when determining that the external power supply unit is switched from a power supply state to a power loss state; and sending the starting signal to the generator set to start the generator set, and sending the first linkage signal to the auxiliary system to enable the auxiliary system to operate in a linkage manner. When the diesel generating set is started to operate and switched on, a passive normally open point signal (a first linkage signal) is sent to the auxiliary system, and the auxiliary system operates automatically in a linkage mode. And feeds back its running, on/off state to the system controller. Therefore, the reliability of switching the power station from the external power supply unit to the self-contained power supply unit is further improved, and the reliability of the power station is further improved.
For example, the following describes the switching from the external power supply unit to the self-contained power supply unit in the automatic mode, taking the external power supply unit as the commercial power.
The power supply switching is completed by a controller of a dual power supply changeover switch ATSE, and the starting of the diesel generating set is controlled by a system controller according to the running state of commercial power. The starting of the diesel generating set is divided into an emergency state and a normal time mode, one set is preferentially started at normal times, and the two sets are started simultaneously in the emergency state.
a) And switching under normal operating modes.
When the system controller monitors that the commercial power is lost, the unit controller controls the generator set with the highest priority to start, and if the starting fails, a starting failure alarm signal is sent out to start a next generator set; until the first generator set is started successfully (the output voltage and the frequency reach preset rated values (for example, the rated values are 90%)), and the first generator set is closed for power supply, the dual power supply changeover switch ATSE detects that the generator set is electrified, and the dual power supply changeover switch ATSE automatically switches to the side of the generator set, so that the generator set supplies power for the system.
b) And switching under the emergency state working mode.
When the system controller monitors that the commercial power is lost, the system controller controls two generator sets to start simultaneously according to preset unit priority, the first unit which is started successfully (the voltage and the frequency reach preset rated values firstly) is switched on preferentially, the dual-power-supply changeover switch ATSE detects that the machine is electrified, the machine is automatically switched to the side of the generator sets, and the generator sets supply power to the power station. If the operation of a single unit exceeds the preset rated power (for example, 80% of the rated power), after a first preset time threshold (for example, 5s) is confirmed, another started generator unit is synchronously connected in parallel; and if the load of the running unit is lower than the preset rated power, stopping the running unit after another started unit operates in a standby mode for a preset second time threshold (2 min). If any one of the units fails to start, the standby unit is started and a start failure alarm signal is sent out.
Optionally, the power supply switching unit switches the self-contained power supply unit to supply power to the power station load according to a preset first power supply switching monitoring reference;
the first power supply switching monitoring reference comprises one or more of the following:
the voltage action value of the power loss of the external power supply unit;
the starting of a generator set of the self-contained power supply unit is delayed when the external power supply unit loses power;
the normal loaded output of the generator set reaches a preset threshold value of a rated voltage and a frequency value of the generator set;
the switching time of the external power supply unit to the self-contained power supply unit is delayed;
through the first power supply switching monitoring reference, effective power supply switching control is achieved. In detail, during the power switching process, it is more necessary to reasonably determine the first power switching monitoring reference, including the action of the power voltage and the related delay time. Taking commercial power as an example:
a) the voltage action value of the commercial power loss is determined according to the electric energy quality of the engineering commercial power;
b) when the commercial power is lost, the standby unit starts the time delay TDES, so that the normal fluctuation of the commercial power is effectively avoided;
c) the output condition of the generator set which can normally carry load is determined according to the output performance of the generator set and is generally set as 90 percent of the rated voltage and the frequency value of the generator set;
d) and the time delay TDNE for switching the commercial power to the self-contained power supply unit is determined according to the starting load stability of the generator set.
Wherein, the switching of the external power supply unit of the self-contained power supply unit switching box under the automatic mode comprises:
the cell controller generates the shutdown signal and the second linkage signal upon determining that the external power supply unit switches from a power-off state to a power-on state; sending the closing signal to the generator set to close the generator set, and sending the second linkage signal to the auxiliary system to delay closing of the auxiliary system; when the diesel generating set is opened and shut down, the passive normally open point signal (second linkage signal) is cut off, and the auxiliary system stops running. Therefore, the reliability of switching the power station from the self-contained power supply unit to the external power supply unit is improved, and the reliability of the power station is further improved.
The power supply switching unit switches the external power supply unit to supply power to the power station load according to a preset second power supply switching monitoring reference;
the second power supply switching monitoring reference comprises one or more of the following:
cooling delay before the stop of the generator set;
the switching time of the generator set to the external power supply unit is delayed by TDEN;
and the middle pause time of the switching of the generator set to the external power supply unit.
For example, the system controller monitors the incoming line voltage of the mains supply in real time, when the mains supply recovers and the voltage reaches a voltage recovery value and continues TDEN, the dual-power-supply changeover switch ATSE is switched to the mains supply side, in order to prevent induced electromotive force generated by a downstream inductive load (such as a motor) from being asynchronously connected in parallel with the mains supply, so that the motor and other electrically adjacent load equipment are damaged, the TDPT is delayed to control the switching-on of a mains supply incoming line breaker, the load is powered by the mains supply, after the TDEC is delayed, the control system cuts off a unit starting signal, and the diesel generating set.
To ensure effective power supply switching control, it is necessary to reasonably determine the following power supply switching monitoring references, including the recovery value of the power supply voltage and its associated delay time.
a) The cooling delay TDEC before the unit is shut down is determined according to the load rate of the unit, the performance of the unit and the design of a machine room;
b) the delay TDEN for switching the diesel generating set to the commercial power is determined according to the minimum allowable operation time of the generating set and the required stabilization time after the commercial power is recovered;
c) the middle pause time TDPT of the power supply switching is determined according to the capacity of the inductive load and the decay time constant of the residual voltage of the inductive load.
The spare power automatic switching device is used for manually operating the generator set to switch to the commercial power according to actual conditions in a manual mode by acquiring voltage and current signals of the generator set and the commercial power; in an automatic mode, when the commercial power is in failure, the electromechanical system is normal and the switching delay time is up, the commercial power circuit breaker is disconnected, the electromechanical circuit breaker is closed, and the switching is automatically switched to the electromechanical side; when the commercial power is normal and the switching delay time is up, the electromechanical circuit breaker is disconnected, the commercial power circuit breaker is closed, and the commercial power is automatically switched to the commercial power side for power supply.
In some embodiments, when the diesel generating set supplies power, if the total load demand capacity of the power station is greater than the online unit capacity on the bus, the bus is overloaded, so that the frequency of the self-contained power supply unit is reduced, and when the total load demand capacity of the power station is greater than the duration time of the online unit capacity on the bus and exceeds the normal fluctuation time, the bus is overloaded in a non-fluctuating manner, so that the frequency of the standby power supply system is permanently reduced, and if the unit is not increased in time or part of the load is cut off, the power supply system is completely broken down; on the contrary, if the load rate on the busbar is low, the generator set is always in light-load operation, the generating efficiency of the system is low, and the service life of the generator set can be reduced. Therefore, after the diesel generating set is started, the system controller monitors the load rate (the ratio of the actual load total operation capacity to the online unit total installed capacity) on the generating set busbar in real time so as to manage the units and the load and further improve the reliability of the power station. That is to say, after sending the start signal to the generator set to start the generator set, the method may further include:
a generator set controller monitors the load rate and the bus frequency of the generator set bus;
and adjusting the starting number of the generator sets in the field equipment according to the load (namely, adding or subtracting the generator sets), or unloading the load according to the load priority (namely, unloading the load) in the case that the bus frequency is less than a set value.
In detail, a) generator set load shedding:
when the power supply of the generator set is carried out, when the operation of a single unit exceeds 80% of rated power, the unit controller confirms for 5s, then starts the second unit in sequence (if an idling unit exists, the unit is lifted to the rated rotating speed), and automatically puts into parallel operation after success. When the single unit operates over 90% of rated power, the second unit is started immediately. And if the second unit fails to start or fails (at the moment, the second unit should perform fault alarm), starting the other unit, and automatically putting the second unit into parallel operation after the second unit is successfully started.
When two sets of machines run in parallel, and the total load of the machine set is less than or equal to a preset first load threshold (for example, 30% of the total load), after the machine set controller confirms a preset duration (for example, 1min), one machine set which is put into operation firstly automatically transfers the load and is disconnected. When the total load of the unit is less than or equal to a preset second load threshold value (for example, 20 percent of the total load), the load is immediately transferred and one unit which is firstly put into operation is split. And (4) automatically stopping the unit after the unit is disconnected and idled for 2 min.
b) Load shedding
When two generator sets are operated on line and the frequency of a bus of the generator set is less than a set value, a tripping signal is output after the time delay is finished, and a feeder circuit breaker (selected according to actual application occasions) is controlled to trip. The load unloading is divided into three stages according to the importance degree, if the unloading condition is met, the load with the lowest priority is disconnected until the bus frequency returns to the normal level.
When the load is unloaded, the event is displayed on the slave unit controller and the touch screen, and an alarm is given. And prompting the load condition of field operators, manually finding out and solving the reason of overhigh load, and determining whether to reclose the feeder circuit breaker.
In some embodiments, in order to ensure that the self-contained power unit can reliably supply power when the commercial power is lost, the method further includes testing the generator set when the commercial power is in a normal state, including:
in the process that the external power supply unit supplies power to the power station load, the unit controller disconnects an incoming line breaker of the external power supply unit according to preset test time; and starting the generator set incoming line test, and closing the tested generator set when the generator set runs to the preset running time.
In detail, the diesel generator set test is divided into two types of a periodic on-load test and a periodic off-load test.
And (3) regular loading test:
in the commercial power load operation process, when the diesel generating set periodically tests with load, a user locally or remotely starts a load test program, a unit controller automatically (manually when the commercial power inlet circuit breaker is not allowed to be automatically controlled on site) cuts off a commercial power inlet main circuit breaker, a dual-power-supply changeover switch ATSE is switched to a diesel generating set bus, all the units are started, the fastest unit is started to directly transmit power to the bus, other units are synchronously connected in parallel, and at the moment, electric equipment in a project is powered by the diesel generating set; after the system runs for a certain time in an on-load test mode, the control system automatically or manually exits the on-load test mode, the dual-power transfer switch ATSE is switched to the commercial power bus, the system automatically or manually closes the commercial power inlet main circuit breaker, the commercial power system recovers to supply power to the load, meanwhile, the parallel circuit breakers of all the units are disconnected, then the units are cooled and shut down, and the state before the on-load test is recovered.
Periodic no-load testing:
in the process of commercial power load operation, when the time of a diesel generating set without load test comes regularly, a user starts a system without load test mode locally or remotely, all the generating sets are started, the generating set which is started most quickly directly transmits power to a bus, and other generating sets are then synchronously connected in parallel; after the system runs for a certain time without load test, the system can automatically or manually quit the test mode without load, each unit is connected with a breaker in parallel and disconnected, and then the unit is cooled and stopped to recover to the state before the test.
In some embodiments, the plant control method may further include:
the touch device receives an auxiliary system operating instruction, and controls the auxiliary system through the PLC module so as to change the operating parameters of the auxiliary system; specifically, as shown in table 1 above.
In some embodiments, the power station control method may further process a "main breaker closing failure" fault, including:
in the process of switching the external power supply unit to supply power to the power station load, when the unit controller detects that the incoming line main breaker of the external power supply unit fails to be switched on, the power supply switching unit is controlled to be switched to the self-contained power supply unit to supply power to the power station load.
For example, in the switching process from the diesel generating set to the commercial power, if the main circuit breaker of the commercial power incoming line fails to switch on, the dual-power-supply changeover switch ATSE is controlled again to be switched to the side of the diesel generating set, and the diesel generating set continues to supply power to the load in the engineering; if the switching-on of the diesel generating set parallel circuit breaker fails in the switching process from the commercial power to the diesel generating set, the control system controls the commercial power main circuit breaker to be switched on again, the load is connected back to the commercial power side again, and whether the commercial power is electrified or not is judged until the operator completes related processing and then resets the fault.
In some embodiments, the power station control method may further process "breaker position contact error" and "breaker opening failure" faults, including:
in the power supply switching process, when the unit controller detects that a contact at the position of a breaker makes an error and the breaker fails to open a brake, the unit controller detects whether three-phase current flowing through the breaker exceeds a minimum critical value, if not, the main breaker is judged to be still in a closing state, the original power supply unit is kept to supply power continuously, and if the three-phase current is smaller than the minimum critical value, the main breaker is judged to be successfully opened, and the switching process is continued;
for example, if the system controller receives an alarm of 'circuit breaker position contact error' and 'circuit breaker open failure' of a main circuit breaker (or a standby main circuit breaker) of a mains supply incoming line simultaneously in the power supply switching process, the system detects whether three-phase current flowing through the circuit breaker exceeds a minimum critical value, if so, the main circuit breaker is still in a closed state, the control system keeps the original power supply to continue supplying power, if not, the main circuit breaker is successfully opened, the system continues the power supply switching process, and the load is switched to another power supply.
In some embodiments, the power station control method may further perform monitoring and fault handling on power station equipment in the power station, including:
the PLC module monitors equipment actions, determines fault conditions of equipment with faults according to the equipment actions, feeds the fault conditions back to the touch device, and the touch device sends out corresponding alarm prompts according to the fault conditions and preset fault types and feeds the fault conditions back to the unit controller; the unit controller determines a control strategy of the equipment with the fault according to the fault type and sends the control strategy to the PLC module so that the PLC module controls the equipment with the fault according to the control strategy;
for example, if the unit is running, the touch screen on the parallel screen displays that peripheral auxiliary equipment such as a fan, a water pump, a valve, a smoke abatement and temperature reduction device cannot run normally, the parallel screen should send out a fault alarm audible and visual prompt, and a signal is sent to the generator set controller according to a fault condition to confirm whether the unit is stopped.
Table 2 alarm processing table for auxiliary equipment of generator set
Figure BDA0002568104940000191
In some embodiments, the plant control method may further include:
the unit controller judges whether the breaker has a fault or not by monitoring the state of the auxiliary switch of the breaker.
For example, the control of the circuit breaker:
the unit controller realizes switching-on and switching-off operations of the parallel circuit breaker and the main circuit breaker of the standby system by outputting normally-open or normally-closed contact signals and by means of switching-on and switching-off control loops of the circuit breakers, and carries out switching-off operations on the commercial power incoming line circuit breaker and the feeder circuit breaker.
As another example, monitoring of breaker state:
the unit controller determines its control mode ("remote" or "in-situ") by monitoring the position of the circuit breaker control switch, its physical position ("service" or "overhaul") by monitoring the drawout circuit breaker travel auxiliary switch, and its operating state ("closing", "opening", or "trip to accident") by measuring the circuit breaker's normally open, normally closed, trip auxiliary contacts.
The parallel operation screen reads the information of the output circuit breaker acquired by the generator set controller and the position of the circuit breaker of the mains supply power supply loop through Ethernet communication, and the information and the position are visually displayed through the touch screen, so that the on-off state of a main loop of the power system is monitored.
The following steps are repeated: judging the fault of the circuit breaker:
a) failure of circuit breaker closing: when the unit controller sends a closing instruction to the circuit breaker, the state of an auxiliary switch of the circuit breaker is monitored, and if the circuit breaker is detected to be still in a switching-off state within preset time, a closing failure alarm signal is sent.
b) The breaker is failed to open: when the unit controller sends a switching-off instruction to the circuit breaker, the state of an auxiliary switch of the circuit breaker is monitored, and if the circuit breaker is detected to be in a switching-on state within the preset time, a switching-off failure alarm signal of the circuit breaker is sent out.
c) Circuit breaker position contact is wrong: the unit controller monitors two auxiliary switches of a breaker which is normally open and normally closed. And if the on-off state of the auxiliary switch is inconsistent with the on-off state of the circuit breaker, a circuit breaker position switch alarm signal is sent out.
The control method in the embodiment of the invention can realize the intelligent control and unattended operation of the power station, improves the reliability of the power station, reduces the force allocation of the attended personnel and effectively reduces the response time of the power station.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the method of the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes signals for enabling a terminal (such as a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of the present invention.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A power station control system is characterized by comprising field layer equipment, control layer equipment and management layer equipment; the field layer equipment mainly comprises a self-contained power supply unit, an external power supply unit and a power supply switching unit which are used for forming a power station;
the control modes of the power station control system comprise a local manual mode, an automatic mode and a remote control mode; in a local manual mode, the self-contained power supply unit is used for controlling the running state of the self-contained power supply unit according to a first control signal of a preset control unit; in an automatic mode, the control layer device is configured to generate a second control signal and send the second control signal to the self-contained power supply unit to control an operating state of the self-contained power supply unit; in the remote control mode, the control layer device is used for receiving a remote control signal of the management layer device and sending the remote control signal to the self-contained power supply unit so as to control the running state of the self-contained power supply unit;
the power supply switching unit is used for switching a power supply so as to enable the self-contained power supply unit or the external power supply unit to supply power to a power station load;
the self-contained power supply unit comprises a generator set and an auxiliary system linked with the generator set; the generator set is provided with a machine-side controller with a preset control unit; the control layer equipment comprises a unit controller, a touch device and a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) module; the touch device is respectively connected with the unit controller and the PLC module; the touch device is used for receiving an auxiliary system operation instruction, controlling the auxiliary system through the PLC module, monitoring equipment actions in the auxiliary system, determining a fault condition of equipment with a fault according to the equipment actions, feeding the fault condition back to the touch device, sending a corresponding alarm prompt according to the fault condition and a preset fault type by the touch device, and feeding the fault condition back to the unit controller; the unit controller determines a control strategy of the equipment with the fault according to the fault type and sends the control strategy to the PLC module so that the PLC module controls the equipment with the fault according to the control strategy;
the power supply switching unit switches the self-contained power supply unit to supply power to the power station load according to a preset first power supply switching monitoring reference;
the power supply switching unit switches the external power supply unit to supply power to the power station load according to a preset second power supply switching monitoring reference;
the first power switching monitoring reference comprises the following multiple types:
the voltage action value of the power loss of the external power supply unit;
the starting of a generator set of the self-contained power supply unit is delayed when the external power supply unit loses power;
the normal loaded output of the generator set reaches a preset threshold value of a rated voltage and a frequency value of the generator set;
the switching time of the external power supply unit to the self-contained power supply unit is delayed;
the second power switching monitoring reference comprises the following multiple types:
cooling delay before the stop of the generator set;
the switching of the generator set to the external power supply unit is delayed;
the middle pause time of the switching of the generator set to the external power supply unit;
a generator set controller monitors the load rate and the bus frequency of the generator set bus; adjusting the starting number of generator sets in the field equipment according to the load, or unloading the load according to the load priority when the bus frequency is less than a set value;
in the process that the external power supply unit supplies power to the power station load, the unit controller disconnects an incoming line breaker of the external power supply unit according to preset test time; and starting the generator set for testing, and closing the tested generator set when the generator set runs to the preset running time.
2. The plant control system of claim 1, wherein the power switching unit includes a first high-voltage backup auto-switching device and a low-voltage Automatic Transfer Switch (ATSE) device; the generator set comprises a high-pressure diesel generator set and a low-pressure diesel generator set; the external power unit comprises an external power supply for the high-voltage unit and an external power supply for the low-voltage unit, and the external power supply for the low-voltage unit is provided with a step-down transformer;
the high-voltage diesel generator set and the high-voltage generator set are respectively connected with a first input end and a second input end of the first high-voltage spare power automatic switching device by using external power supplies, and an output end of the first high-voltage spare power automatic switching device is connected with a high-voltage load cabinet;
the low-voltage diesel generator set and the step-down transformer are respectively connected with a first input end and a second input end of the ATSE device, and an output end of the ATSE device is connected with a low-voltage load cabinet.
3. The plant control system of claim 2, wherein the power switching unit further comprises a second high-voltage backup automatic switching device; the low-pressure diesel generator set is divided into a first link and a second link; the first link is connected with a first input end of the low-voltage automatic transfer switch ATSE device; the second link is provided with a boosting transformer; the step-up transformer and the low-voltage unit are respectively connected with a first input end and a second input end of the second high-voltage automatic bus transfer device by using an external power supply, and an output end of the second high-voltage automatic bus transfer device is connected with a direct-supply load cabinet of the generator set.
4. A plant control method for the plant control system of claim 1, characterized in that the plant control method comprises:
the field layer equipment monitors the running state of the self-contained power supply unit and transmits the running state of the self-contained power supply unit to the control layer equipment;
the control layer device monitors the running state of the external power supply unit and transmits the running state of the self-contained power supply unit and the running state of the external power supply unit to the management layer device;
in a local manual mode, the self-contained power supply unit generates a first control signal according to the operation and control operation of a preset operation and control unit, and controls the running state of the self-contained power supply unit according to the first control signal;
in an automatic mode, the control layer device generates a second control signal according to the running state of the external power supply unit and sends the second control signal to the self-contained power supply unit so as to control the running state of the self-contained power supply unit through the second control signal;
in the remote control mode, the control layer device receives a remote control signal of the management layer device and sends the remote control signal to the self-contained power supply unit so as to control the running state of the self-contained power supply unit through the remote control signal;
the power supply switching unit switches a path of power supply from the self-contained power supply unit or the external power supply unit to a power station load according to the running state of the self-contained power supply unit and the running state of the external power supply unit.
5. The power station control method according to claim 4, characterized in that the operating state of the external power supply unit includes a power-off state and a power-on state of the external power supply unit;
the power switching unit switches a path for the self-contained power unit or the external power unit to supply power to the power station load according to the operation state of the self-contained power unit and the operation state of the external power unit, and includes:
when the external power supply unit is switched from a power supply state to a power loss state, the power supply switching unit switches the self-contained power supply unit to supply power to the power station load;
when the external power supply unit is switched from a power loss state to a power supply state, the power supply switching unit switches the external power supply unit to supply power to the power station load.
6. The plant control method of claim 5, characterized in that the operational state of the self-contained power supply unit comprises a start-up state and a shut-down state of the self-contained power supply unit; the second control signal comprises a starting signal, a first linkage signal, a closing signal and a second linkage signal; the control layer device comprises a unit controller; the field layer equipment comprises a generator set and an auxiliary system;
in the automatic mode, the control layer device generates a second control signal according to the operation state of the self-contained power supply unit and the operation state of the external power supply unit, and transmits the second control signal to the self-contained power supply unit to control the operation state of the self-contained power supply unit by the second control signal, including:
in the automatic mode, the unit controller generates the start signal and the first linkage signal when determining that the external power supply unit is switched from a power supply state to a power loss state; sending the starting signal to the generator set to start the generator set, and sending the first linkage signal to the auxiliary system to enable the auxiliary system to operate in a linkage manner; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the cell controller generates the shutdown signal and the second linkage signal upon determining that the external power supply unit switches from a power-off state to a power-on state; and sending the shutdown signal to the generator set to cause the generator set to shutdown, and sending the second linkage signal to the auxiliary system to cause the auxiliary system to delay shutdown.
7. The plant control method of claim 6, characterized in that it further comprises:
the power supply switching unit switches the self-contained power supply unit to supply power to the power station load according to a preset first power supply switching monitoring reference;
the power supply switching unit switches the external power supply unit to supply power to the power station load according to a preset second power supply switching monitoring reference;
the first power supply switching monitoring reference comprises one or more of the following:
the voltage action value of the power loss of the external power supply unit;
the starting of a generator set of the self-contained power supply unit is delayed when the external power supply unit loses power;
the normal loaded output of the generator set reaches a preset threshold value of a rated voltage and a frequency value of the generator set;
the switching time of the external power supply unit to the self-contained power supply unit is delayed;
the second power supply switching monitoring reference comprises one or more of the following:
cooling delay before the stop of the generator set;
the switching of the generator set to the external power supply unit is delayed;
and the middle pause time of the switching of the generator set to the external power supply unit.
8. The power plant control method of claim 6, wherein said sending the start signal to the generator set to cause the generator set to start comprises, after:
a generator set controller monitors the load rate and the bus frequency of the generator set bus;
and adjusting the starting number of generator sets in the field equipment according to the load, or unloading the load according to the load priority under the condition that the bus frequency is less than a set value.
9. The plant control method of claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises:
in the process that the external power supply unit supplies power to the power station load, the unit controller disconnects an incoming line breaker of the external power supply unit according to preset test time; and starting the generator set for testing, and closing the tested generator set when the generator set runs to the preset running time.
10. The power station control method according to any of claims 5-9, characterized in that the control layer device further comprises a touch device and a programmable logic controller, PLC, module; the plant control method further comprises one or more of:
the touch device receives an auxiliary system operating instruction, and controls the auxiliary system through the PLC module according to the auxiliary system operating instruction so as to change the operating parameters of the auxiliary system;
in the process of switching the external power supply unit to supply power to the power station load, when the unit controller detects that an incoming line main breaker of the external power supply unit fails to be switched on, the power supply switching unit is controlled to be switched to the self-contained power supply unit to supply power to the power station load;
in the power supply switching process, when the unit controller detects that a contact at the position of a breaker makes an error and the breaker fails to open a brake, the unit controller detects whether three-phase current flowing through the breaker exceeds a minimum critical value, if not, the main breaker is judged to be still in a closing state, the original power supply unit is kept to supply power continuously, and if the three-phase current is smaller than the minimum critical value, the main breaker is judged to be successfully opened, and the switching process is continued;
the unit controller judges whether the breaker has a fault or not by monitoring the state of the auxiliary switch of the breaker.
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