CN111668510A - Novel low-temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system - Google Patents
Novel low-temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111668510A CN111668510A CN202010547483.2A CN202010547483A CN111668510A CN 111668510 A CN111668510 A CN 111668510A CN 202010547483 A CN202010547483 A CN 202010547483A CN 111668510 A CN111668510 A CN 111668510A
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- methanol
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
- H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel low-temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the system comprises a fuel preparation system module, a reformer, a CO preferential selection oxidizer and a low-temperature electric pile, wherein the fuel preparation system module comprises a controller, a methanol-water mixing box, a methanol supply unit and a water supply unit which are connected with the methanol-water mixing box; the mixed liquid metering pump is connected with the reformer, an outlet of a hydrogen mixed gas of the reformer is connected with the CO preferential oxidation reactor capable of removing CO, and the heat exchanger conveys the low-temperature mixed gas at 75-80 ℃ into the low-temperature electric pile. The scheme provided by the invention can realize the self-supply of the aqueous solution and the flexible adjustment of the methanol-water ratio, and can improve the endurance mileage of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a novel low-temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system.
Background
The reforming reaction takes methanol as an example and the main equation is as follows: CH3OH + H2O → CO2+3H2, and the reforming reaction fuel is alcohol aqueous solution with certain mass concentration. The fuel supply device of the existing methanol reforming fuel cell system is a fuel tank similar to a fuel automobile, and the fuel is mixed according to the proportion. After the reaction is finished, the generated water is discharged into the atmosphere together with other gases and is not recycled.
Due to chemical reactions in the fuel cell: 3H2+1.5O2 → 3H2O, water is produced after the reaction is finished, and water produced in the reaction process of the fuel cell is condensed and recycled 1/3, so that the water quantity required by methanol reforming can be met. This theoretically suggests that our system cycle recovery of water is feasible, since the fuel cell reaction produces more water than is required for the methanol reforming process.
The existing methanol reforming fuel cell system has the following defects and shortcomings: 1. the equipped methanol-water mixing tank is large, the weight of the vehicle is increased, and the load capacity of the vehicle is reduced. Because a large amount of water is in the tank body, the volume of the methanol water tank is large, the mass is correspondingly increased, the endurance mileage of the vehicle is reduced, and the filling is frequent; 2. compared with the existing method of directly injecting the alcohol aqueous solution which is matched and finished according to the mixing proportion, the method has the advantages that the response range of the reforming reaction is large, if the mixing proportion of the alcohol aqueous solution needs to be adjusted, the mixing proportion of the raw materials of the existing product is fixed, and therefore the adjustment cannot be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide a novel low-temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system which can realize the self-supply of aqueous solution and the flexible adjustment of the ratio of methanol and water and can improve the endurance mileage of a fuel cell.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a novel low-temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system is characterized in that: the fuel preparation system module comprises a controller, a methanol-water mixing box, a methanol supply unit and a water supply unit, wherein the methanol supply unit comprises a methanol box and a methanol metering pump which are sequentially connected, the water supply unit comprises a water tank and a water metering pump which are sequentially connected, the methanol-water mixing box is connected with a mixed liquid metering pump, the methanol-water mixing box, the methanol box and the water tank can send liquid level signals to the controller, the controller can send driving signals to the methanol metering pump, the water metering pump and the mixed liquid metering pump, the mixed liquid metering pump is connected with the reformer, the outlet of hydrogen mixed gas of the reformer is connected with a CO preferential oxidation reactor which can remove CO, and the hydrogen mixed gas enters the heat exchanger after passing through the CO preferential oxidation reactor, the heat exchanger conveys low-temperature mixed gas at 75-80 ℃ to enter the low-temperature electric pile, the low-temperature electric pile discharges low-temperature water to the deionizer, the deionizer is connected with a water pump, the water pump is connected with a three-way regulating valve, one end of the three-way regulating valve is connected with a water tank, and the other end of the three-way regulating valve is a drainage end.
Preferably, the temperature of the gas mixture discharged from the CO preferential oxidation reactor is about 300 ℃.
Preferably, the water tank and the methanol tank are respectively connected with a liquid level meter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that liquid water with the low-temperature reactor reaction product of 75-80 ℃ can be directly introduced into the deionizer to remove ions, and is pumped into the water tank through the water pump and the three-way regulating valve, so that water resources are fully utilized.
When the reactor normally works, the methanol tank and the water tank are filled once, and the electric pile system is started. The water quantity of the water tank is gradually reduced, high-temperature water generated by the reactor reaction can be fully recycled through the system, the water quantity of the water tank is gradually supplemented, and whether the three-way regulating valve is discharged outwards or not is controlled by the parameters of a liquid level meter in the water tank. The heat of the heat exchanger is fully utilized to provide the heat required by the gasification of the methanol water at the inlet of the reformer, so that the energy is fully utilized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a novel low-temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a fuel preparation system module; 3. a methanol-water mixing tank; 4. a methanol tank; 5. a methanol metering pump; 6. a controller; 7. a mixed liquid metering pump; 8. a water tank; 9. a water metering pump; 12. a reformer; 13. a CO preferential oxidation reactor; 14. a heat exchanger; 15. a low-temperature galvanic pile; 16. a deionizer; 17. a water pump; 18. a three-way regulating valve; 19. and a water discharging end.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a novel low-temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system includes a fuel preparation system module 1, a reformer 12, a CO preferential selective oxidizer 13 and a low-temperature electric pile 15, where the fuel preparation system module 1 includes a controller 6, a methanol-water mixing tank 3, a methanol supply unit and a water supply unit connected to the methanol-water mixing tank 3, the methanol supply unit includes a methanol tank 4 and a methanol metering pump 5 which are connected in sequence, the water supply unit includes a water tank 8 and a water metering pump 9 which are connected in sequence, the methanol-water mixing tank is connected to a mixed liquid metering pump 7, the methanol-water mixing tank 3, the methanol tank 4 and the water tank 8 can send liquid level signals to the controller 6, and the controller 6 can send driving signals to the methanol metering pump 5, the water metering pump 9 and the mixed liquid mixing pump 7; the mixed liquid metering pump 7 is connected with a reformer 12, an outlet of a hydrogen mixed gas of the reformer 12 is connected with a CO preferential oxidation reactor 13 capable of removing CO, the hydrogen mixed gas enters a heat exchanger 14 after passing through the CO preferential oxidation reactor 13, the heat exchanger 14 conveys a low-temperature mixed gas at 75-80 ℃ into a low-temperature electric pile 15, the low-temperature electric pile 15 discharges low-temperature water to a deionizer 16, the deionizer 16 is connected with a water pump 17, the water pump 17 is connected with a three-way regulating valve 18, one end of the three-way regulating valve 18 is connected with a water tank 8, and the other end of the three-way regulating valve is a water drainage end.
Preferably, the temperature of the gas mixture exiting the CO preferential oxidation reactor 13 means is around 300 ℃.
The waste heat of the heat exchanger 14 can be reused, for example, the waste heat can be transferred to the reformer 12, so that the heat of the heat exchanger 14 is fully utilized to provide the heat required by the gasification of the methanol water at the inlet of the reformer 12, and the energy is fully utilized, although the waste heat of the heat exchanger 14 can also be applied to other aspects.
Preferably, the water tank 8 and the methanol tank 4 are respectively connected with a liquid level meter.
According to the scheme, firstly, methanol and water with the concentration of 100% are respectively injected into a water tank 8 and a methanol tank 4 for storage through an injection device at one time, the injection amount is controlled through liquid level meter feedback signals in the water tank 8 and the methanol tank 4, and the methanol and the water are both at normal temperature; then pumping media into a methanol-water mixing box 3 through a methanol metering pump 5 and a water pump respectively to be uniformly mixed, wherein a mixer is arranged in the methanol-water mixing box 3, and the methanol and the water flow are respectively regulated through a controller 6 and a flow regulating valve in the pumping process, so that the concentration of the methanol-water solution in the methanol-water mixing box 3 can be configured according to any mixing ratio, and the fuel amount in the methanol-water mixing box 3 can also be regulated through two flow regulating valves; the mixed fuel in the methanol-water mixing tank 3 is input into a reformer 12 through an oil supply device to carry out reforming hydrogen production reaction to generate a large amount of high-temperature hydrogen mixed gas, the temperature is about 300 ℃, the CO concentration in the high-temperature hydrogen mixed gas after reforming reaction is relatively high and cannot be directly introduced into a low-temperature electric pile 15, CO in the reaction gas is removed through a CO preferential oxidation reactor 13, so that the reaction gas meets the requirement of the inlet concentration of the low-temperature electric pile 15, and because the reaction gas is the high-temperature gas at about 300 ℃, the temperature of the product after the CO preferential oxidation reactor 13 is relatively high, the temperature of the reaction gas needs to be reduced to 75-80 ℃ through a heat exchanger 14, and the optimal reaction temperature interval of the low-temperature electric pile 15 is met. The CO preferential oxidation reactor 13 is conventional in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
Liquid water with a reaction product of the low-temperature electric pile 15 being 75-80 ℃ can be directly introduced into the deionizer 16 to remove ions, and is pumped into the water tank 8 through the water pump 17 and the three-way regulating valve 18, so that water resources are fully utilized.
When the reactor works normally, the methanol tank 4 and the water tank 8 are filled once, and the electric pile system is started. The water quantity of the water tank 8 is gradually reduced, the system can fully utilize the high-temperature water generated by the reactor reaction for recycling, the water quantity of the water tank 8 is gradually supplemented, and whether the three-way regulating valve 18 is discharged outwards or not is controlled by the parameters of a liquid level meter in the water tank 8. Referring to the drawing, the dashed lines connected to the controller 6 are electrical signal traces.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A novel low-temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system is characterized in that: the fuel preparation system module comprises a controller, a methanol-water mixing box, a methanol supply unit and a water supply unit, wherein the methanol supply unit comprises a methanol box and a methanol metering pump which are sequentially connected, the water supply unit comprises a water tank and a water metering pump which are sequentially connected, the methanol-water mixing box is connected with a mixed liquid metering pump, the methanol-water mixing box, the methanol box and the water tank can send liquid level signals to the controller, the controller can send driving signals to the methanol metering pump, the water metering pump and the mixed liquid metering pump, the mixed liquid metering pump is connected with the reformer, the outlet of hydrogen mixed gas of the reformer is connected with a CO preferential oxidation reactor which can remove CO, and the hydrogen mixed gas enters the heat exchanger after passing through the CO preferential oxidation reactor, the heat exchanger conveys low-temperature mixed gas at 75-80 ℃ to enter the low-temperature electric pile, the low-temperature electric pile discharges low-temperature water to the deionizer, the deionizer is connected with a water pump, the water pump is connected with a three-way regulating valve, one end of the three-way regulating valve is connected with a water tank, and the other end of the three-way regulating valve is a drainage end.
2. The novel low temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the mixed gas discharged from the CO preferential oxidation reactor is about 300 ℃.
3. The novel low temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein: the water tank and the methanol tank are respectively connected with a liquid level meter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010547483.2A CN111668510A (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2020-06-16 | Novel low-temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010547483.2A CN111668510A (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2020-06-16 | Novel low-temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system |
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| CN111668510A true CN111668510A (en) | 2020-09-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010547483.2A Pending CN111668510A (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2020-06-16 | Novel low-temperature alcohol reforming fuel cell system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114976164A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Highly integrated thermal self-sustaining methanol reforming fuel cell device |
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2020
- 2020-06-16 CN CN202010547483.2A patent/CN111668510A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114976164A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Highly integrated thermal self-sustaining methanol reforming fuel cell device |
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| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20201217 Address after: No.999, Haifeng North Road, Cixi Binhai Economic Development Zone, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315000 Applicant after: ZHEJIANG PALCAN NEW ENERGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215000 hydrogen cleaning power supply, building 3, Wuzhong science and Technology Industrial Park, 38 beiguandu Road, Wuzhong District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: SUZHOU QINGJIE POWER SUPPLY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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