CN111664162A

CN111664162A - Connecting rod assembly

Info

Publication number: CN111664162A
Application number: CN202010522170.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓发平; 潘永亮; 何道明; 姚克甫; 赵明祥; 马百坦; 石黄涛; 刘代玉
Original assignee: Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-10
Filing date: 2020-06-10
Publication date: 2020-09-15
Also published as: WO2021248603A1

Abstract

The invention discloses a connecting rod assembly, which comprises a piston, a connecting rod body and a crankshaft, wherein the connecting rod body is rotatably arranged on the piston; be equipped with the piston pin on the piston, the one end of the connecting rod body is equipped with the pinhole and the cover is on the piston pin of rotation formula, the other end of the connecting rod body is connected with the connecting rod cap, the connecting rod cap forms the shaft hole jointly with the connecting rod body, still be equipped with the oil passageway on the connecting rod body, the shaft hole passes through oil passageway and pinhole intercommunication, be equipped with the axle inlet port and the axle oil outlet of mutual intercommunication on the main journal of bent axle and the connecting rod neck of bent axle respectively, the oil passageway of the connecting rod body and the axle oil outlet intercommunication of bent axle, be equipped with the axle bush in the shaft hole, the bent axle is installed in the axle bush, be equipped with the oil groove with the oil passageway intercommunication on. The invention has smart structure, forcibly lubricates the pin hole of the connecting rod body and the piston pin, avoids the abrasion of the pin hole and the piston pin, greatly improves the service life of the whole machine, improves the NVH level of the whole machine, and belongs to the technical field of engines.

Description

Connecting rod assembly

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a connecting rod assembly.

Background

Gasoline engines and diesel engines are common engines, both belong to reciprocating piston type internal combustion engines, and piston link mechanisms are main motion mechanisms. In the existing engine technology, engine oil can not effectively lubricate a piston pin, generally, after the temperature of an engine rises, oil gas after the engine oil is gasified passively lubricates the piston pin and a small end hole of a connecting rod, an oil-gas passive lubrication scheme is adopted, although the cost is low, the whole engine does not reach the oil-gas temperature in the period of time, and the lubrication effect is poor because no oil gas is generated. Even if oil gas is generated, the oil gas is randomly distributed in the engine, and the oil gas amount reaching the small end hole of the connecting rod is not enough to generate liquid lubrication, so that the expected effect of the lubrication cannot be achieved. The other method is to perform forced lubrication by adding a nozzle, which is an active lubrication method, but the cost is greatly increased due to the addition of one nozzle to each cylinder, the economy is poor, and the cylinder is also subjected to machining and complicated cylinder oil passage arrangement, so that the cost of the cylinder is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to: the invention provides a connecting rod assembly, which can perform forced lubrication on a pin hole of a connecting rod body and a piston pin so as to avoid the abrasion of the pin hole and the piston pin and the generation of problems of noise, vibration, sound vibration roughness and the like.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a connecting rod assembly comprises a piston, a connecting rod body and a crankshaft, wherein the connecting rod body is rotatably arranged on the piston; be equipped with the piston pin on the piston, the one end of the connecting rod body is equipped with the pinhole and the cover is gone on the piston pin to the rotation type, and the other end of the connecting rod body is connected with the connecting rod lid, and the connecting rod lid forms the shaft hole jointly with the connecting rod body, and the bent axle rotary type is installed in the shaft hole, still is equipped with the oil duct on the connecting rod body, and the shaft hole passes through oil duct and pinhole intercommunication, is equipped with the axle inlet port and the axle outlet port of mutual intercommunication on the bent axle, and the oil duct.

According to the preferable scheme, the crankshaft comprises a plurality of main journals and a plurality of connecting rods, the main journals and the connecting rods are arranged in a staggered mode, the shaft oil inlet hole is formed in each main journal, the shaft oil outlet hole is formed in each connecting rod, an engine oil duct communicated with the shaft oil inlet hole and the shaft oil outlet hole is further formed in the crankshaft, and the connecting rods are located in the shaft holes.

As preferred scheme, be equipped with the axle bush in the shaft hole, the connecting rod neck of bent axle is located the axle bush, is equipped with the oil groove with oil passageway intercommunication on the inner wall in shaft hole, is equipped with the tile hole on the axle bush, and the axle oil outlet on the connecting rod neck passes through tile hole and oil groove intercommunication.

Preferably, the number of the tile holes is at least two.

As the preferred scheme, the connecting rod body and the connecting rod cover are both provided with half shaft holes, and the half shaft holes of the connecting rod body and the connecting rod cover form shaft holes together;

the bearing bush comprises an upper bearing bush and a lower bearing bush; the upper bearing bush and the lower bearing bush are both semicircular, the upper bearing bush is positioned in the half-shaft hole of the connecting rod body, and the lower bearing bush is positioned in the half-shaft hole of the connecting rod cover.

As preferred scheme, the tile hole is located the junction of upper bearing shell and lower bearing shell, and the both ends of upper bearing shell are connected with the both ends of lower bearing shell respectively and are formed the tile hole jointly, and the oil groove is located the pore wall in the semi-axis hole of connecting rod body.

Preferably, the tile hole is positioned on the upper bearing bush, an included angle between a connecting line of centers of the tile hole and the shaft hole and a connecting line of two ends of the upper bearing bush is less than or equal to 45 degrees, and the oil groove is positioned on the hole wall of the half shaft hole of the connecting rod body.

As the preferred scheme, the tile hole is located on the lower bearing bush, the included angle between the connecting line of the centers of the tile hole and the shaft hole and the connecting line of the two ends of the lower bearing bush is less than or equal to 45 degrees, and the oil groove is arranged along the circumferential inner wall of the shaft hole.

As a preferred scheme, the piston is further provided with a rod mounting cavity, the piston pin is located in the rod mounting cavity, a rod oil return hole is formed in the hole wall of the pin hole, the pin hole is communicated with the rod mounting cavity through the rod oil return hole, and a chamfer is formed in the rod oil return hole.

Preferably, the wall thickness of the oil passage is not less than 2mm, and the diameter of the oil passage is not less than 1mm and not more than 2.5 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention has smart structure, does not need to increase an engine oil nozzle to actively lubricate the piston and the connecting rod body, not only greatly reduces the cost, but also avoids the complication of machining and cylinder oil duct arrangement. According to the active lubrication method, high-pressure engine oil in the cylinder body flows through the connecting rod neck, the shaft hole of the connecting rod body, the oil channel of the connecting rod body and the pin hole in sequence from the shaft oil inlet hole of the main journal and finally flows onto the piston pin for active lubrication, and the active lubrication method has a better effect than passive lubrication; the cost is lower than that of the mode of adding the active lubrication of the nozzle. Through the forced lubrication of the pin holes of the piston pin and the connecting rod body, the abrasion of the pin and the hole can be avoided, the generation of NVH (noise, vibration, harshness and noise vibration) problems can be avoided, and the service life of the engine is prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a link assembly.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the link body and the link cover.

Fig. 3 is an internal sectional structure view of the link body and the link cover.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure at the shaft hole of the link body.

Fig. 5 is a side view of the link body and the link cap.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken at a-a in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the crankshaft.

Figure 8 is a schematic view of the area distribution of the shoe holes on the bearing shoe.

In the drawing, 1 is a piston, 2 is a connecting rod body, 3 is a crankshaft, 4 is a piston pin, 5 is a connecting rod cap, 6 is a bush, 7 is an oil groove, 8 is a pin hole, 9 is a shaft hole, 11 is a rod mounting cavity, 21 is an oil passage, 22 is a rod oil return hole, 23 is a chamfer, 31 is a main journal, 32 is a connecting rod journal, 33 is a shaft oil inlet hole, 34 is a shaft oil outlet hole, 35 is an oil passage, 61 is an upper bush, 62 is a lower bush, and 63 is a bush hole.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a connecting rod assembly, which includes a piston 1, a connecting rod body 2 rotatably mounted on the piston 1, and a crankshaft 3; piston pin 4 is fixed on piston 1, and the one end of connecting rod body 2 is equipped with pinhole 8, and connecting rod body 2 passes through pinhole 8 rotary type cover on piston pin 4, and connecting rod and piston pin clearance fit just can rotate, and connecting rod body 2 rotates round piston pin 4. The other end of the connecting rod body 2 is connected with a connecting rod cover 5, and the connecting rod cover 5 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod body 2 through a bolt. The connecting rod cover 5 and the connecting rod body 2 jointly form a shaft hole 9, and the crankshaft 3 is rotatably installed in the shaft hole 9, so that the connecting rod body 2 is rotatably sleeved on the crankshaft 3 through the shaft hole 9. Still be equipped with oil passageway 21 on the connecting rod body 2, oil passageway 21 is located the central line of connecting rod body 2, and oil passageway is the through-hole that extends along the central line (length direction) of connecting rod, and axle hole 9 passes through oil passageway 21 and pinhole 8 intercommunication, and engine oil flows to pinhole 8 in through oil passageway 21 from axle hole 9 to the lubrication to piston pin 4 has been realized, has avoided the wearing and tearing between piston pin 4 and the connecting rod body 2. The shaft hole 9 is a connecting rod big end hole (big head hole), and the pin hole 8 is a connecting rod small end hole (small head hole).

The circumference side of the crankshaft 3 is provided with a shaft oil inlet 33 and a shaft oil outlet 34 which are communicated with each other, the oil channel 21 of the connecting rod body 2 is communicated with the shaft oil outlet 34 of the crankshaft 3, the crankshaft 3 is rotatably installed in an oil cylinder, and high-pressure engine oil in the oil cylinder flows from the shaft oil inlet 33 to the shaft oil outlet 34 under the action of high pressure, enters the oil channel 21, finally reaches the pin hole 8 and the piston pin 4, so that forced lubrication is realized.

The crankshaft 3 comprises a plurality of main journals 31 and a plurality of connecting rods 32, the main journals 31 and the connecting rods 32 are not coaxial and are arranged in a staggered mode, the rotating axes of the main journals 31 and the connecting rods 32 are not on the same straight line, the main journals 31 and the connecting rods 32 are arranged alternately, one connecting rod 32 is arranged between the two main journals 31, and one main journal 31 is arranged between the two connecting rods 32. The shaft oil inlet hole 33 is located on the main journal 31, and the shaft oil outlet hole 34 is located on the connecting rod journal 32. The crankshaft 3 is further provided with an oil passage 35 communicating the shaft oil inlet hole 33 and the shaft oil outlet hole 34, and the oil passage 35 is located inside the crankshaft 3, and as shown by the arrow direction in fig. 7, oil enters from the shaft oil inlet hole 33 of the main journal 31 and then passes through the oil passage 35 to reach the shaft oil outlet hole 34 of the connecting rod journal 32. The connecting rod neck 32 is rotatably sleeved in the shaft hole 9, and the engine oil in the engine oil gallery 35 flows into the shaft hole 9 of the connecting rod body 2 from the shaft oil outlet hole 34.

The shaft hole 9 is internally provided with a bearing bush 6, the bearing bush 6 is in a circular ring shape, the bearing bush 6 is sleeved on the connecting rod neck 32 of the crankshaft 3, and the connecting rod body 2 and the connecting rod cover 5 are sleeved outside the bearing bush 6 together. The connecting rod neck 32 of the crankshaft 3 is installed in the bearing bush 6, the oil groove 7 communicated with the oil passage 21 is arranged on the inner wall of the shaft hole 9, a bush hole 63 is formed in the bearing bush 6, the shaft oil outlet hole 34 in the connecting rod neck 32 is communicated with the oil groove 7 through the bush hole 63, engine oil flows out from the shaft oil outlet hole 34 of the connecting rod neck 32, then flows to the oil groove 7 from the bush hole 63, and finally flows to the oil passage 21 from the oil groove 7.

The number of the tile holes 63 is at least two, when the number of the tile holes is two, the two tile holes are symmetrically distributed on the bearing bush 6 by the central line of the connecting rod body 2, and the diameter of the tile hole 63 is 0.5-3 mm, preferably 1 mm.

All be equipped with half shaft hole on the connecting rod body 2 and the connecting rod lid 5, half shaft hole is semicircle form, and half shaft hole is equivalent to half shaft hole (half round hole), and half shaft hole on the connecting rod body 2 and the half shaft hole on the connecting rod lid 5 form shaft hole 9 jointly. The bearing bush 6 comprises an upper bearing bush 61 and a lower bearing bush 62; the upper bearing bush 61 and the lower bearing bush 62 are both semicircular (semicircular rings), and the upper bearing bush 61 and the lower bearing bush 62 together form an annular bearing bush 6. The upper bearing bush 61 is located in the half-axis hole of the connecting rod body 2, and the lower bearing bush 62 is located in the half-axis hole of the connecting rod cap 5.

The first arrangement of the tile holes 63 is as follows: the junction of last axle bush 61 and lower axle bush 62 is located to tile hole 63, and the both ends of going up axle bush 61 and the both ends of lower axle bush 62 all are equipped with half tile hole, and the both ends of going up axle bush 61 all have half tile hole (half round hole) promptly, and the both ends of lower axle bush 62 all have half tile hole. The two ends of the upper bearing bush 61 are respectively connected with the two ends of the lower bearing bush 62 to form a bush hole 63 together, a half bush hole at one end of the upper bearing bush 61 and a half bush hole at one end of the lower bearing bush 62 form a bush hole 63 together, a half bush hole at the other end of the upper bearing bush 61 and a half bush hole at the other end of the lower bearing bush 62 form another bush hole 63 together, and the bush hole 63 is located at the joint of the connecting rod body 2 and the connecting rod cover 5. The oil groove 7 is semicircular (semicircular ring-shaped) and is located on the inner wall of the half shaft hole on the connecting rod body 2.

The second way of arranging the tile holes 63 is: the tile hole 63 is located on the upper bearing bush 61, an included angle between a connecting line of centers of the tile hole 63 and the shaft hole 9 and a connecting line of two ends of the upper bearing bush 61 is less than or equal to 45 degrees, namely the tile hole 63 is located in areas A1 and A2 in fig. 8, the oil groove 7 is semicircular and located on the inner wall of a half shaft hole on the connecting rod body 2, and the oil groove 7 only needs to be arranged on the connecting rod body 2.

The third way of arranging the tile holes 63 is: the tile hole 63 is positioned on the lower bearing bush 62, an included angle between a connecting line of the center of the tile hole 63 and the shaft hole 9 and a connecting line of two ends of the lower bearing bush 62 is less than or equal to 45 degrees, namely the tile hole 63 is positioned in the areas B1 and B2 in fig. 8, the oil groove 7 is circular and is arranged along the circumferential inner wall of the shaft hole 9, and the oil groove 7 is uniformly distributed on the connecting rod body 2 and the connecting rod cover 5.

The bearing bush rotates when in normal operation, and when the bearing bush rotates to a certain position, the bearing bush hole is communicated with the shaft oil outlet hole of the connecting rod neck, and at the moment, engine oil can flow to the bearing bush hole from the shaft oil outlet hole and then flow to the oil groove. When the engine is ignited and burned, explosion occurs inside the engine, and the explosion pressure is transmitted along the piston 1, the piston pin 4, and the connecting rod body 2. When the pressure is transmitted to the shoe 6, the shoe holes 63 are required to be provided within the range of the three types of the shoe hole 63 because the range of the three types of the shoe hole 63 are generally not affected by the stress, and the shoe holes 63 are not opened because the other regions are affected by the stress. In summary, in order to improve the service life of the bearing shell 6, the shell holes are formed in the areas of the bearing shells a1, a2, B1 and B2, and the range α in fig. 8 is: alpha is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees.

Still be equipped with pole installation cavity 11 on the piston 1, piston pin 4 is located pole installation cavity 11, and the both ends of piston pin 4 are fixed on the inner wall of pole installation cavity 11 of piston 1. The inner wall of the pin hole 8 is provided with two rod oil return holes 22, and the two rod oil return holes 22 are symmetrically distributed with the central line of the connecting rod body 2. Pin hole 8 is through pole oil gallery 22 and pole installation cavity 11 intercommunication, and in the pole installation cavity 11 flowed to from pole oil gallery 22 after the machine oil was with piston pin 4 force lubrication, got back to the hydro-cylinder at last, realized the circulation flow of machine oil for it is more high-efficient stable to lubricate. The rod oil return hole 22 is provided with a chamfer 23, the chamfer 23 is positioned on the outer surface of the connecting rod body 2, and the chamfer 23 is convenient for removing burrs generated when the rod oil return hole 22 is machined.

The wall thickness of the oil passage 21 is 2mm or more, and D in fig. 6. If the wall thickness is too small or the cross-sectional area of the connecting rod body 2 is too small, the stress on the connecting rod body 2 becomes too large, and if the wall thickness is too large, the weight of the connecting rod body 2 increases, which leads to an increase in the reciprocating mass and thus to an increase in the vibration of the engine. The diameter of the oil passage 21 is 1mm or more and 2.5mm or less. If the bore diameter is too large, the strength of the connecting rod body 2 is affected, and if the bore diameter is too small, machining difficulty is caused. For example, a hole having a diameter of less than 1mm is easily broken when it is processed by a drill.

The working process of the invention is as follows: when the engine is started, the piston drives the connecting rod body to do reciprocating motion, engine oil in the oil cylinder flows out from the oil outlet hole of the shaft after entering the engine oil duct from the oil inlet hole of the crankshaft, then flows to the oil groove from the bearing hole of the bearing bush, and then flows into the pin hole from the oil groove through the oil passage, so that the piston pin is forcibly lubricated, and the engine oil lubricates the piston pin and then flows to the rod mounting cavity from the rod oil return hole and finally returns to the oil cylinder. The above processes are repeatedly circulated, and the forced continuous lubrication of the piston pin is realized.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A connecting rod assembly comprises a piston, a connecting rod body and a crankshaft, wherein the connecting rod body is rotatably arranged on the piston; be equipped with the piston pin on the piston, the one end of connecting rod body is equipped with the pinhole and the rotating sleeve is in on the piston pin, the other end of connecting rod body is connected with the connecting rod lid, the connecting rod lid with the connecting rod body forms the shaft hole jointly, the bent axle rotary type is installed in the shaft hole, its characterized in that: the connecting rod body is further provided with an oil channel, the shaft hole is communicated with the pin hole through the oil channel, the crankshaft is provided with a shaft oil inlet hole and a shaft oil outlet hole which are communicated with each other, and the oil channel of the connecting rod body is communicated with the shaft oil outlet hole of the crankshaft.

2. A connecting rod assembly as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the crankshaft comprises a plurality of main journals and a plurality of connecting rods, the main journals and the connecting rods are arranged in a staggered mode, the shaft oil inlet hole is located in the main journals, the shaft oil outlet hole is located in the connecting rods, the crankshaft is further provided with an engine oil duct communicated with the shaft oil inlet hole and the shaft oil outlet hole, and the connecting rod body is assembled on the connecting rods of the crankshaft through the shaft hole.

3. A connecting rod assembly as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the oil-saving crankshaft is characterized in that a bearing bush is arranged in the shaft hole, a connecting rod neck of the crankshaft is located in the bearing bush, an oil groove communicated with the oil channel is formed in the inner wall of the shaft hole, a bush hole is formed in the bearing bush, and an oil outlet hole in the connecting rod neck is communicated with the oil groove through the bush hole.

4. A connecting rod assembly as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the tile holes are at least two.

5. A connecting rod assembly as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the connecting rod body and the connecting rod cover are both provided with half shaft holes, and the half shaft holes of the connecting rod body and the half shaft holes of the connecting rod cover form the shaft holes together;

the bearing bush comprises an upper bearing bush and a lower bearing bush; the upper bearing bush and the lower bearing bush are both semicircular, the upper bearing bush is located in the half shaft hole of the connecting rod body, and the lower bearing bush is located in the half shaft hole of the connecting rod cover.

6. A linkage assembly according to claim 5, wherein: the bush hole is arranged at the joint of the upper bearing bush and the lower bearing bush, and the oil groove is positioned on the hole wall of the half-shaft hole of the connecting rod body.

7. A linkage assembly according to claim 5, wherein: the bearing hole is positioned on the upper bearing bush, an included angle between a connecting line of the bearing hole and the center of the shaft hole and a connecting line of two ends of the upper bearing bush is less than or equal to 45 degrees, and the oil groove is positioned on the inner wall of the half shaft hole of the connecting rod body.

8. A linkage assembly according to claim 5, wherein: the bearing bush hole is positioned on the lower bearing bush, an included angle between a connecting line of the bearing bush hole and the center of the shaft hole and a connecting line of two ends of the lower bearing bush is smaller than or equal to 45 degrees, and the oil groove is arranged along the circumferential inner wall of the shaft hole.

9. A connecting rod assembly as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the piston is further provided with a rod mounting cavity, the piston pin is located in the rod mounting cavity, a rod oil return hole is formed in the hole wall of the pin hole, the pin hole is communicated with the rod mounting cavity through the rod oil return hole, and a chamfer is formed in the rod oil return hole.

10. A connecting rod assembly as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the wall thickness of the oil channel is more than or equal to 2mm, and the diameter of the oil channel is more than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 2.5 mm.