CN111663976A - Multi-metal structure valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-metal structure valve which comprises a valve head part and a valve rod part, wherein the valve head part comprises a valve disc part and a valve neck part, and the valve disc part comprises a disc end face, a disc excircle and a disc conical surface; the valve head can be divided into a small disc and an outer ring according to the annular direction, the small disc and the outer ring are made of different metal materials and are tightly combined with each other; the outer circle of the disc, the conical surface of the disc and the part of the end surface of the disc are positioned on the outer circular ring. The invention can respectively meet the requirements of wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the valve conical surface and the requirements of tensile strength, yield strength and fatigue strength of the valve neck in a high-temperature state, and has better working reliability; the technical scheme of the invention can be adopted in the valve blank stage by the existing common single-metal integral material structure valve, the bimetal friction welding structure valve, the surface treatment valve, the hollow sodium-cooled bimetal valve and the like.

Description

Multi-metal structure valve

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an engine valve.

Background

The four-stroke engine has been developed over a hundred years into an extremely wide range of power machines, and the valve is used as a key basic part for sealing an air inlet and an air outlet in the working process of the engine and is used for blocking an air flow channel and controlling the air exchange of the engine. The air inlet and outlet valves are developed from original single-metal integral structure valves to double-metal welding structure valves, single-metal or double-metal surfacing alloy valves, surface treatment valves, hollow sodium-cooled double-metal valves and the like (the structural type of the valves is referred to automobile industry standard QC/T469-2016 technical conditions of automobile engine valves).

The valves with different structures are suitable for different working conditions of the engine, for example, the low-load engine usually adopts the valve with a single metal integral structure or carries out chromium plating and nitriding surface treatment on the valve, thereby meeting the performance requirement of the engine and being beneficial to reducing the cost; the medium-load engine mostly adopts a bimetal welding structure valve and carries out chromium plating and nitriding surface treatment on the valve; for an engine with large conical surface abrasion strengthening degree, a single metal or double metal surfacing alloy valve is often adopted; the high-temperature high-rotation-speed engine usually adopts a hollow sodium-cooled bimetallic valve, for example, a cylinder internal direct injection turbocharging gasoline engine, and an exhaust valve of the high-temperature high-rotation-speed engine usually adopts a hollow sodium-cooled valve structure, so that the maximum working temperature of the valve is reduced, meanwhile, the working inertia force under the high-rotation-speed working condition can be reduced, and the performance requirement of the engine is met.

Along with the continuous improvement of the strengthening degree of the engine, the use working condition of the valve is more complex, the working condition is severe, the valve not only bears repeated impact load in high-temperature oxidation corrosive atmosphere, but also bears the combined action of thermal stress, conical surface internal stress, gas pressure during combustion and the like, the cooling condition is poor, the heat conductivity coefficient of the valve material is small, the valve also bears impact load, spring force and the like when being seated, and the working stress of the valve is complex.

The existing commonly used valve type can better solve the requirements on valve performance, reliability, service life and the like after the strengthening degree of the engine is improved, but also has other problems. Example 1, a bimetallic welding structure of a nickel-based superalloy is often adopted for a valve with a high working temperature to meet the tensile strength, the yield strength and the fatigue strength of the valve in a high-temperature state, but the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of a conical surface of the nickel-based superalloy valve may not meet the requirements of the service life and the durability of an engine. Example 2, when the valve is welded by using the nickel-based superalloy bimetal, in order to further meet the requirements of wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the valve conical surface, the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy is frequently used in the industry by conical surface surfacing, that is, an annular groove is formed in the conical surface, then the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy is surfacing welded in the annular groove, after the conical surface adopts the surfacing alloy, the service life and the durability of the valve are greatly improved, but the problem of low reliability of the conical surface surfacing welding process exists, so that the conical surface surfacing structure is greatly limited in use, and the conical surface surfacing structure is not frequently used as long as the valve can meet the requirements of an engine by using.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a valve with a multi-metal structure, wherein the valve forms a new valve type, and the comprehensive performance of the valve is better than that of the traditional valve types.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a multi-metal structure valve comprises a valve head part and a valve rod part, wherein the valve head part comprises a valve disk part and a valve neck part, and the valve disk part comprises a disk end face, a disk outer circle and a disk conical face; the valve head can be divided into a small disc and an outer ring according to the annular direction, the small disc and the outer ring are made of different metal materials and are tightly combined with each other; the outer circle of the disc, the conical surface of the disc and the part of the end surface of the disc are positioned on the outer circular ring.

Preferably, a part of the valve neck is located on the outer ring.

Preferably, the annular joint surface between the small disc and the outer ring of the valve head is in a trumpet shape or a cylinder shape.

Preferably, the annular joint surface between the small disc and the outer ring of the valve head is in a horn shape, and the large opening end of the horn-shaped joint surface is located on the disc end surface of the valve disc part.

Preferably, the small disc of the valve head and the outer ring are welded into a whole by means of friction welding.

In one embodiment, the valve stem portion is formed by friction welding two different metal materials.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:

1) the invention is the same as the valve of the conical surface surfacing, can meet the requirements of wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the conical surface of the valve and the requirements of tensile strength, yield strength and fatigue strength of the neck of the valve in a high-temperature state respectively;

2) compared with the existing conical surface surfacing valve, the conical surface surfacing valve has better working reliability;

3) the invention has stronger technical universality, and common single-metal integral material structure valves, bimetallic friction welding structure valves, surface treatment valves, hollow sodium-cooled bimetallic valves and the like can adopt the technical scheme of the invention at the valve blank stage.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of names of various parts of a valve;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art monolithic valve;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a conventional bi-metal welded valve;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a conventional hollow sodium-cooled bimetallic valve;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention applied to a "single metal integrated valve" in the prior art;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the present invention applied to a "conventional bi-metal welded structure valve";

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention applied to a "conventional hollow sodium-cooled bimetallic valve";

the reference signs are: 1-small disc 2-external ring.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanically or electrically connected, or interconnected between two elements, directly or indirectly through intervening media, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to their specific situation.

As shown in fig. 1, any type of valve is composed of a valve head portion and a valve stem portion, the valve head portion includes a valve disc portion and a valve neck portion, and the valve disc portion includes a disc end face, a disc outer circle and a disc conical face. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional single-metal integrated valve, and each part of the valve is made of the same metal material. Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a conventional bimetallic friction welding structure valve, wherein a valve rod part is formed by welding two different metal materials in a friction welding manner. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional hollow sodium-cooled bimetallic valve, in which a valve stem is formed by welding two different metal materials by friction welding.

The multi-metal structure valve provided by the embodiment of the invention also comprises a basic structure in the figure 1. The valve with the multi-metal structure provided by the embodiment is mainly characterized in that the structure of the valve head is improved, and the valve heads of three valve types shown in figures 2, 3 and 4 are integrated, so that the valve with the multi-metal structure provided by the invention can be directly applied to the three valve types.

As shown in fig. 5, the present invention is applied to the "existing single metal integrated valve", and the partial cross-sectional view in the figure shows that the valve head can be divided into two parts, namely a small disc 1 and an outer ring 2, according to the circular direction, the small disc 1 and the outer ring 2 are made of different metal materials and are tightly combined with each other, and the circular combination surface between the small disc 1 and the outer ring 2 is in a horn shape or a cylinder shape; wherein, the outer circle of the disc, the conical surface of the disc, the part of the end surface of the disc and the part of the neck of the air valve are all positioned on the outer circular ring 2. Preferably, the small disc 1 and the outer ring 2 of the valve head are welded into a whole by means of friction welding.

As shown in fig. 5, a combination surface of the small disc 1 and the outer ring 2 forms a combination angle α with a central axis of the valve, wherein when α =0 °, the combination surface is cylindrical, and when α ≠ 0 °, the combination surface is horn-shaped; when alpha is larger than 0 degree, the large opening end of the horn-shaped joint surface is positioned on the disc end surface of the valve disc part, the structure has optimal working reliability, and the risk of separation between the small disc 1 and the outer ring 2 can not occur; when the alpha is less than 0 degree, the method has better processing manufacturability and is suitable for medium and low engine load occasions.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the application of the present invention to a "conventional bi-metal welded structure valve", and fig. 7 is a schematic view of the application of the present invention to a "conventional hollow sodium-cooled bi-metal valve". The valve disc structures in fig. 6 and 7 are substantially the same as those in fig. 5 and will not be described again.

The above embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention can be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Some of the drawings and descriptions of the present invention have been simplified to facilitate the understanding of the improvements over the prior art by those skilled in the art, and some other elements have been omitted from this document for the sake of clarity, and it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that such omitted elements may also constitute the subject matter of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a many metallic structure valves, comprises valve head and valve stem portion, the valve head includes valve plate portion and valve neck, valve plate portion includes dish terminal surface, dish excircle and the dish conical surface, its characterized in that: the valve head can be divided into a small disc (1) and an outer ring (2) according to the annular direction, the small disc (1) and the outer ring (2) are made of different metal materials and are tightly combined with each other; the part of the disc excircle, the disc conical surface and the disc end surface is positioned on the outer circular ring (2).

2. The multi-metal structure valve according to claim 1, wherein: the part of the valve neck is positioned on the outer ring (2).

3. The multi-metal structure valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the annular joint surface between the small disc (1) and the outer ring (2) of the valve head is in a horn shape or a cylinder shape.

4. The multi-metal structure valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the annular joint surface between the small disc (1) and the outer circular ring (2) of the valve head is in a horn shape, and the large opening end of the horn-shaped joint surface is positioned on the disc end surface of the valve disc part.

5. The multi-metal structure valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the small disc (1) and the outer ring (2) of the valve head are welded into a whole in a friction welding mode.

6. The multi-metal structure valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the valve rod part is formed by welding two different metal materials in a friction welding mode.

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