CN111658245A

CN111658245A - Acetabular cup mold testing device

Info

Publication number: CN111658245A
Application number: CN202010636861.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈淑梅
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Harbin Yannuo Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-03
Filing date: 2020-07-03
Publication date: 2020-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-03
Also published as: CN111658245B

Abstract

The invention discloses an acetabular cup mold testing device, and belongs to the technical field of orthopedic surgery auxiliary instruments. The device includes cup and body of rod two parts, and the cup includes the hemisphere shell, and the bottom surface middle part of hemisphere shell is equipped with the jack, the cup still includes rack gear, rotating device, bulb, a orthodrome edge of hemisphere shell is equipped with the bulb groove, and the bulb card just exposes from hemisphere shell surface at the bulb inslot, and rotating device and rack gear are connected respectively to gear, and rotating device connects the bulb, and the body of rod is used for inserting the jack in and promotes the rack device, and the rack device is used for driving gear and rotates, and gear drives the bulb through rotating device and swings at the bulb inslot. The device provided by the invention can improve the effect of the total hip replacement operation and reduce the probability of the secondary operation repair of the total hip replacement operation.

Description

Acetabular cup mold testing device

Technical Field

The invention particularly relates to an acetabular cup mold testing device, and belongs to the technical field of auxiliary instruments for orthopedic surgery.

Background

The total hip joint replacement operation is one operation of replacing prosthesis on acetabulum side and femoral head side to reconstruct one hip joint for restoring partial physical function of patient. With the progress of prosthesis materials and manufacturing technology, the total hip replacement surgery is more and more widely applied, and hospitals above the second level basically have the capacity of the surgery.

In clinical practice, after several years of operation, many patients treated by total hip replacement surgery have problems, and need secondary operation, commonly called as repair. After analysis, the problems of the replaced hip joint are caused by external reasons and self reasons of a patient, and one main reason is that in the process of the total hip joint replacement operation, an acetabular cup cannot be tightly attached to an acetabulum due to the limitation of the operation level of a doctor and the limitation of the conditions of surgical instruments, and the prosthesis can be loosened and deformed after being used for a period of time.

In the current operation method, when a diseased femoral head is resected and acetabulum is prepared, an acetabulum cup is selected by means of acetabulum cup trial mold assistance. The specific operation process is as follows: the residue was removed from the acetabular fossa and the acetabular fossa was polished with an acetabular file which was progressively replaced over the larger size starting with the smaller size. And after polishing, putting the acetabular cup into the test mold, replacing the test mold of another model when the test mold is not suitable until the test mold is suitable, selecting a suitable acetabular cup according to the test mold, and continuing subsequent operation.

The operation has the disadvantages that when the acetabulum cup test mold is placed in the acetabulum nest, whether the whole size of the test mold is proper or not can be visually seen, and whether the test mold is well attached to the acetabulum nest or not can not be seen. Thus, although the cup is properly sized after installation, the aforementioned problems arise due to the inability of the cup to closely conform to the acetabular socket, resulting in the need for rework. In the process of grinding the acetabulum fossa, the grinding position and the grinding depth are works which have high technical requirements on the surgical operation of doctors, are mainly operated by experience, and have no reliable basis to ensure that the grinding work of the acetabulum fossa can be more accurate.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the problem that in the prior art, when the acetabular cup test mold is placed in a total hip replacement operation, whether the test mold is tightly attached to the acetabular socket cannot be determined, so that the actually installed acetabular cup cannot be tightly attached to the acetabular socket, and the service life of the hip prosthesis is affected is solved. The invention provides an acetabular cup mold testing device.

Concretely, acetabular cup examination mould device, including cup and body of rod two parts, the cup includes the hemisphere shell, and the bottom surface middle part of hemisphere shell is equipped with the jack, the cup still includes rack gear, rotating device, bulb, a orthodrome edge of hemisphere shell is equipped with the bulb groove, and the bulb card just exposes from hemisphere shell surface in the bulb inslot, and rotating device and rack gear are connected respectively to gear, and rotating device connects the bulb, and the body of rod is used for inserting the promotion rack device in the jack, and the rack gear is used for driving gear and rotates, and gear drives the bulb through rotating device and swings at the bulb inslot.

Furthermore, the ball head is exposed by 0.5-2 mm from the surface of the hemispherical shell where the ball head groove is located, and the ball head is made of rubber or metal materials.

Furthermore, the rack device comprises a rack, a return spring and a pressing block, the bottom of the return spring is fixedly connected with the jack, the rack penetrates through the middle of the return spring, and the pressing block is connected to the top of the rack.

Furthermore, the rotating device comprises a turntable and a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the turntable, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the ball head.

Furthermore, the gear device comprises a driving gear, a first driven gear and a second driven gear, the driving gear is meshed with the rack, the first driven gear is coaxially mounted with the driving gear, the first driven gear is meshed with the second driven gear, and the second driven gear is mounted at the center of the turntable.

Furthermore, a metal wire is further arranged at one end, connected with the ball head, of the connecting rod, and the metal wire is arranged in the ball head groove and extends out of the end portion of the ball head groove.

Furthermore, the rack device also comprises a rack limit baffle fixed inside the hemispherical shell.

Further, the body of rod includes outer bull stick and inlayer depression bar, and outer bull stick is used for inserting and drives the cup in the jack, and the inlayer depression bar is used for exerting pressure to the rack device.

Furthermore, a clamping head is arranged at the lower part of the outer layer rotating rod, and a clamping groove corresponding to the clamping head is arranged on the jack.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

in conclusion, compared with the acetabular cup test mold in the prior art, the acetabular cup test mold device provided by the invention can provide assistance for doctors in two aspects of acetabular socket grinding and acetabular cup prosthesis implantation. When the acetabulum is polished, the acetabulum cup test mold can help a doctor to find the position and the area of the relative bulge in the acetabulum socket, so that the doctor can accurately determine the polishing position, and the polishing depth can be relatively accurately controlled through multiple trial mold use attempts. After polishing is completed, the polishing effect can be verified by utilizing a test die, and the acetabular cup can be relatively tightly attached to the acetabular fossa after being installed. The device solves the problems that the test model in the total hip replacement operation in the prior art can only test whether the whole size of the test model is proper, whether the interior of the test model is attached to an acetabulum nest or not can not be verified, and the operation process excessively depends on the operation experience of a doctor, and has good popularization and use values.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a prior art acetabular cup trial device.

FIG. 2 is an internal cross-sectional view of the acetabular cup trial of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the rack gear, gear and rotating device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a configuration of a ball socket;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the ball grooves and the balls;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the rod and the connection between the rod and the socket;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the wires;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a patient's acetabulum socket.

The reference numbers are as follows:

1. a hemispherical shell; 2. a jack; 3. a rack gear; 4. a gear arrangement; 5. a rotating device; 6. a ball head; 7. a metal wire; 8. an outer layer rotating rod; 9. an inner layer compression bar; 10. clamping a head; 11. a card slot; 12. a ball head groove; 31. a rack; 32. a return spring; 33. the gear rack comprises a press block 34, a rack limiting baffle 41, a driving gear 42 and a first driven gear; 43. a second driven gear; 51. a turntable; 52. a connecting rod.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an acetabular cup trial mold in the prior art, which comprises a trial mold body which is approximately hemispherical and an insertion rod, wherein the insertion rod is usually replaced by a file rod of an acetabular file, and the trial molds with different sizes are put into acetabular fossa one by one to search for a proper acetabular cup. The method for selecting the acetabular cup by the test die has the defects that whether the test die is tightly attached to the acetabular fossa cannot be known, and a basis cannot be provided for grinding the acetabulum.

Fig. 2 to 8 are schematic views of the acetabular cup trial of the present embodiment.

The acetabular cup trial mold provided by the embodiment is improved on the two parts of the cup body and the rod body.

A basic implementation is as follows: the cup includes hemisphere shell 1, the bottom surface middle part of hemisphere shell 1 is equipped with jack 2, the cup still includes rack device 3, gear device 4, rotating device 5, bulb 6, a orthodrome edge of hemisphere shell 1 is equipped with bulb groove 12, bulb 6 card just exposes from hemisphere shell 1 surface in bulb groove 12, rotating device 5 and rack device 3 are connected respectively to gear device 4, rotating device 5 connects bulb 6, the body of rod is used for inserting promotion rack device 3 in jack 2, rack device 3 is used for driving gear device 4 and rotates, gear device 4 drives bulb 6 through rotating device 5 and swings in bulb groove 12.

The rod body is inserted into the jack 2 and sequentially passes through the rack device 3, the gear device 4 and the rotating device 5 to drive the ball head 6 to do circular arc swing in the ball head groove 12, when the circumference of a large circular arc of the acetabular cup test mould is tightly attached to the acetabular fossa, the ball head 6 cannot swing easily, otherwise, the ball head 6 can smoothly swing. When the acetabulum cup mold is used, after the first large arc edge ball head 6 swings at the lower pressure rod body, the acetabulum cup mold is axially rotated for an angle, and the swinging action of the ball head 6 is continued until the action of the whole axial circumferential surface is completed. Through the swinging condition of the ball head 6, the positions of the test model which are tightly attached to the acetabulum nest and the positions of the test model which are provided with gaps are judged. Provides basis for a doctor to grind the acetabulum fossa, can judge whether the acetabulum fossa is ground properly, and can place an acetabulum cup prosthesis.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in a preferred embodiment, the rack device 3 includes a rack 31, a return spring 32, a pressing piece 33, and a rack limit baffle 34, the pressing piece 33 is connected to the top of the rack 31, the return spring 32 is fixed on the inner wall of the insertion hole 2, the rack 31 passes through the middle of the return spring 32, and the pressing piece 33 presses on the return spring 32. The function of the return spring 32 is that after the swing of the ball head 6 is completed each time, under the elastic force of the return spring 32, the rack 31 is reset, so that the ball head 6 is restored to the initial position, and the pressing block 33 pushes the rack 31 to move downwards under the pressure of the rod body. The rack limit baffle 34 is fixed inside the test mold and used for blocking the rack 31, so that the rack 31 is always meshed with the driving gear 41, and the rack 31 is prevented from falling off.

The rack gear 4 includes a drive gear 41, a first driven gear 42, and a second driven gear 43, the drive gear 41 and the first driven gear 42 rotate coaxially and synchronously, and the first driven gear 42 and the second driven gear 43 mesh with each other.

The rotating device 5 comprises a rotating disc 51 and a connecting rod 52, the second driven gear 43 is fixed on the rotating disc 51, the axis of the second driven gear 43 is located at the center point of the large arc edge of the hemispherical shell 1, the rotating disc 51 and the rotating shaft of the second driven gear 43 are connected to the inner wall of the semicircular shell 1, and two ends of the connecting rod 52 are respectively connected with the rotating disc 51 and the ball head 6.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a ball head groove 12 is formed on one of the large arc edges of the hemispherical shell 1, both the inner side and the outer side of the ball head groove 12 are open, one side is used for the connecting rod 52 to pass through, and the other side is used for the ball head 6 to be exposed from the ball head groove 12.

The bulb 6 is exposed by 0.5-2 mm from the surface of the hemispherical shell 1 where the bulb groove 12 is located, the bulb 6 is made of two materials of rubber and metal, and the bulbs 6 with different materials and exposed sizes are combined for use, so that the fitting condition of the test die and the acetabulum fossa can be better judged.

Fig. 7 is a modified embodiment of the rod body of the present embodiment. The body of rod is established to the outer bull stick 8 and the inlayer depression bar 9 two parts of suit, and the lower part of outer bull stick 8 is equipped with dop 10, is equipped with the draw-in groove that corresponds with dop 10 in jack 2 position, and outer bull stick 8 is used for fixed whole cup and makes the cup axial rotate, and inlayer depression bar 9 is used for exerting pressure for briquetting 33, drives rack 31.

As shown in fig. 8, as a preferred embodiment, in order to assist the doctor to determine the position where the ball head 6 is clamped, a wire 7 is arranged at one end of the connecting rod 52 connected with the ball head 6, the wire 7 is arranged in the ball head groove 12 and extends out from the end part of the ball head groove 12, and the clamped position of the ball head 6 can be judged according to the extending length of the wire 7.

The specific use process of acetabular cup trial device that this embodiment provided is as follows:

as shown in fig. 9, in general, the acetabulum socket of a patient undergoing total hip replacement surgery is not as regular as the shape of the acetabulum socket of a normal person due to pathological changes and the like, and has two protrusions as shown in the drawing, and the positions of the protrusions are the key positions needing to be polished, and are one of the reasons that the acetabular cup cannot be tightly fitted with the acetabulum socket. Even without significant bulging, the acetabular cup may not fit snugly over the acetabular socket due to the irregular shape of the entire acetabular socket.

The acetabular cup trial device of the present embodiment, unlike prior art acetabular cup trials, is used prior to acetabular socket polishing.

For a common patient, the deformation of the acetabulum fossa is not serious, and a cup body with a 2 mm metal ball head exposed from the ball head 6 is used. After the clearance of completion acetabular fossa, select the cup of a moderate size acetabular cup examination mould, put into acetabular fossa with the body of rod with it, push down inlayer depression bar 9 when pressing outer bull stick 8, make bulb 6 begin to rotate, when the rotation of bulb 6 is obstructed and blocks, release inlayer depression bar 9, bulb 6 resets, confirms the position of blocking according to the length that wire 7 stretches out. The cup is then rotated through an angle of approximately 20-30 degrees by the outer rotor 8, and the motion of the ball 6 is repeated. After the action of the ball head 6 of the whole axial circumferential surface is finished, one or more areas are locked according to the position where the ball head 6 is clamped every time, the areas are relatively convex, the key positions and ranges needing to be polished are polished by using the small two-size acetabular file, and then the acetabular fossa is polished by using the large-size acetabular file integrally.

After finishing the grinding of the acetabulum fossa, verifying the grinding effect, performing the operation the same as the previous step, judging that the grinding is qualified when the ball head 6 cannot smoothly complete the swing at most angles, selecting the acetabulum cup prosthesis to be used according to the model of the acetabulum cup test mould used currently, and placing the acetabulum cup prosthesis into the acetabulum fossa to perform the subsequent operation.

For patients with serious deformation of acetabular fossa, the cup body with the ball head 6 exposed by 2 mm and the cup body with the ball head 6 exposed by 0.5 mm and made of rubber can be selected to be combined together. The ball head made of rubber can complete the swinging of the ball head 6 under the condition that the acetabulum cup test mold is attached to the acetabulum socket under the condition of less exposure. Before the acetabular fossa of polishing or when verifying the effect of polishing of acetabular fossa, use bulb 6 to expose the cup of 2 millimeters metal material bulb earlier, roughly judge that acetabular cup examination mould and acetabular fossa laminate basically, the cup of the rubber material bulb that exposes 0.5 millimeters is being used to bulb 6 with the model size operates, in the laminating department, bulb 6 can be relatively slow completion swing under the obstructed condition, the position in space appears between acetabular cup examination mould and acetabular fossa, bulb 6 can be the faster of non-resistance pass through, just so can be more accurate judge the laminating condition of examination mould and acetabular fossa inside.

Under the condition that the requirement for controlling the operation time is higher, a doctor can also independently use the cup body with the bulb 6 exposing 0.5 mm of the rubber bulb to operate, so that the fitting condition of the test die and the inner part of the acetabulum socket can be quickly judged according to the condition that the bulb 6 finishes swinging and is blocked under the condition that the cup body only finishes axial half-circumferential rotation.

According to actual operation conditions and requirements, on the premise of the principle, the acetabular cup trial device provided by the application can be used for performing operation in other modes.

The acetabular cup trial device provided by the invention provides more accurate basis for the operation of a doctor, improves the operation effect and reduces the probability of secondary operation repair of a total hip replacement operation.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an acetabular cup examination mould device, includes the cup and the body of rod, and the cup includes the hemisphere shell, and the bottom surface middle part of hemisphere shell is equipped with the jack, its characterized in that, the cup still includes rack gear, rotating device, bulb, a orthodrome edge of hemisphere shell is equipped with the bulb groove, and the bulb card just exposes from hemisphere shell surface in the bulb inslot, and gear connects rotating device and rack gear respectively, and rotating device connects the bulb, and the body of rod is used for inserting the jack in and impels the rack device, and the rack gear is used for driving gear and rotates, and gear drives the bulb through rotating device and swings at the bulb inslot.

2. The acetabular cup trial device of claim 1, wherein the ball head is exposed 0.5-2 mm from a surface of the hemispherical shell where the ball head groove is located, the ball head being made of rubber or a metal material.

3. The acetabular cup trial device of claim 1, wherein the rack device comprises a rack, a return spring and a pressing block, the bottom of the return spring is fixedly connected with the insertion hole, the rack penetrates through the middle of the return spring, and the pressing block is connected to the top of the rack.

4. The acetabular cup trial device of claim 3, wherein the rotation device comprises a turntable and a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the turntable, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the ball head.

5. The acetabular cup trial device of claim 4, wherein the gear arrangement includes a drive gear, a first driven gear, and a second driven gear, the drive gear is engaged with the rack, the first driven gear is coaxially mounted with the drive gear, the first driven gear is engaged with the second driven gear, and the second driven gear is mounted in the center of the turntable.

6. The acetabular cup trial device of claim 5, wherein the end of the connecting rod connected to the ball head is further provided with a wire disposed in the ball head groove and extending from the end of the ball head groove.

7. The acetabular cup trial device of claim 6, wherein the rack device further comprises a rack stop baffle secured within the hemispherical shell.

8. The acetabular cup trial device of claim 1, wherein the stem includes an outer stem for insertion into the receptacle to drive the cup and an inner stem for applying pressure to the rack device.

9. The acetabular cup trial device of claim 8, wherein a clamp is disposed at a lower portion of the outer rotating rod, and a slot corresponding to the clamp is disposed in the insertion hole.