CN111653107B - Intelligent transportation system - Google Patents
Intelligent transportation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111653107B CN111653107B CN202010479677.3A CN202010479677A CN111653107B CN 111653107 B CN111653107 B CN 111653107B CN 202010479677 A CN202010479677 A CN 202010479677A CN 111653107 B CN111653107 B CN 111653107B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/07—Controlling traffic signals
- G08G1/08—Controlling traffic signals according to detected number or speed of vehicles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
- E01C1/002—Design or lay-out of roads, e.g. street systems, cross-sections ; Design for noise abatement, e.g. sunken road
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
- E01F9/60—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs
- E01F9/604—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs specially adapted for particular signalling purposes, e.g. for indicating curves, road works or pedestrian crossings
- E01F9/608—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs specially adapted for particular signalling purposes, e.g. for indicating curves, road works or pedestrian crossings for guiding, warning or controlling traffic, e.g. delineator posts or milestones
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
- E01F9/60—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs
- E01F9/604—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs specially adapted for particular signalling purposes, e.g. for indicating curves, road works or pedestrian crossings
- E01F9/608—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs specially adapted for particular signalling purposes, e.g. for indicating curves, road works or pedestrian crossings for guiding, warning or controlling traffic, e.g. delineator posts or milestones
- E01F9/61—Special features of delineator posts, e.g. with parts cantilevered toward the roadway or fixed vertically on a tilted surface
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
- E01F9/60—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs
- E01F9/604—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs specially adapted for particular signalling purposes, e.g. for indicating curves, road works or pedestrian crossings
- E01F9/615—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs specially adapted for particular signalling purposes, e.g. for indicating curves, road works or pedestrian crossings illuminated
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/095—Traffic lights
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent traffic system which is characterized by comprising a plurality of intelligent traffic units, wherein each intelligent traffic unit comprises an intelligent channel and an intelligent warning lamp; the intelligent channel comprises n arranged in sequence1Strip left turn channel only, n3Variable strip intelligent channel, n2The strips run straight through the channel only; the intelligent warning lamp comprises a fixed rod and a warning lamp box, the warning lamp box is fixedly connected with one end of the fixed rod, and the other end of the fixed rod is fixed on the ground surface; the warning lamp box comprises a shell, a left-turning indicator lamp, a straight indicator lamp and a camera which are arranged on the surface of the shell, and an intelligent control unit arranged inside the shell. The intelligent traffic system disclosed by the invention can greatly alleviate the problem of road congestion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of public transportation, in particular to an intelligent transportation system.
Background
With the increase of the disposable income of people and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the requirements of people on convenience and quickness of travel are stronger and stronger. Although there are public transportation such as subways, the station setting of such public transportation is limited, and many people prefer to travel in a mode of selecting buses, buses and even self-driving.
However, this way of travel has made us face more and more serious problems. Due to the limitation of urban construction layout, the number of roads in the same direction cannot be increased, but more and more vehicles need to pass, so that the time cost of people going out is remarkably increased, and the urban construction layout is not beneficial to physical and mental health of people. The existing traffic system is managed by adopting a set programming mode, namely, the directions of all roads are specified in advance, and the waiting time of all indicator lamps at a certain intersection is specified. Under the condition that the total width of the road is determined, how to relieve the congestion of public traffic becomes a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intelligent traffic system which is characterized by comprising a plurality of intelligent traffic units, wherein each intelligent traffic unit comprises an intelligent channel and an intelligent warning lamp; the intelligent channel comprises n arranged in sequence1Strip left turn only channel, n3Variable intelligent channel, n2The strips only go straight through the channels; the intelligent warning lamp comprises a fixed rod and a warning lamp box, the warning lamp box is fixedly connected with one end of the fixed rod, and the other end of the fixed rod is fixed on the ground surface; the warning lamp box comprises a shell, a left-turn indicator lamp, a straight indicator lamp and a camera which are arranged on the surface of the shell, and an intelligent control unit arranged inside the shell.
N is1≧ 1, n3≧ 1, n2≧n1。
The vehicle running on the left-turn-only channel can only turn left at the intersection; the vehicles running on the straight-only channel can only run straight at the intersection; and the vehicle running on the variable intelligent channel can only turn left or only go straight at the intersection at the first moment according to the identification on the variable intelligent channel, and can only turn left or only go straight at the intersection at the second moment which is different from the first moment and is continuous.
The variable intelligent channel comprises a common road part and an intelligent indicating road part; the intelligent indicating road part is adjacent to the intersection, and the axis of the intelligent indicating road part is collinear with the axis of the common road part; the intelligent indicating road part comprises a roadbed, an intelligent LED indicating lamp and a transparent anti-pressure layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the intelligent LED indicator lamp can change the display shape based on the received signal, and can display a straight arrow or a leftward turning arrow to form the mark.
The common road part further comprises a piezoelectric material layer, and the intelligent indicating road part further comprises a thin film battery; when the vehicle runs on the common road part, the piezoelectric material layer converts the borne pressure into electric power and transmits the electric power to the thin film battery electrically connected with the thin film battery to store the electric power; the thin film battery is electrically connected with the intelligent LED indicator lamp and used for providing energy for the intelligent LED indicator lamp.
A high-efficiency DC/DC converter is arranged between the thin film battery and the intelligent LED indicator light, and the intelligent indicator road part further comprises the high-efficiency DC/DC converter and a microcontroller; the high-efficiency DC/DC converter comprises a first inductor, a second inductor, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor; the anode of the thin film battery is directly connected with one end of the first inductor, the cathode of the thin film battery is directly connected with one end of the second inductor, the other end of the first inductor is respectively and directly connected with the anode of the first diode and the collector of the first switch tube, the emitter of the first switch tube is directly connected with the collector of the second switch tube, the cathode of the third diode and one end of the third capacitor are respectively and directly connected with the collector of the first switch tube, the anode of the third diode and the other end of the third capacitor are respectively and directly connected with the emitter of the first switch tube, the cathode of the first diode is directly connected with one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is respectively and directly connected with the emitter of the first switch tube and one end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the second diode is respectively connected with the emitter of the second switch tube and the other end of the second inductor, the cathode of the fourth diode and one end of the fourth capacitor are respectively and directly connected with the collector of the second switch tube, the anode of the fourth diode and the other end of the fourth capacitor are respectively and directly connected with the emitter of the second switch tube, the junction of the cathode of the first diode and one end of the first capacitor is connected with the first power input end of the intelligent LED indicator lamp, and the junction of the other end of the second capacitor and the anode of the second diode is connected with the second power input end of the intelligent LED indicator lamp; the control pole of the first switch tube and the control pole of the second switch tube are connected with the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is used for controlling the opening and closing time sequences of the first switch tube and the second switch tube, so that the electric power output by the high-efficiency DC/DC converter can meet the requirements of the intelligent LED indicator lamp in real time.
The microcontroller detects the voltage level V (k) and the current level I (k) output by the high-efficiency DC/DC converter in real time, k is the time k, calculates the voltage variation level delta V (k) -V (k-1) and the current variation level delta I (I) (k) -I (k-1), judges whether delta I is equal to 0, if delta I is equal to 0, the judgment is finished, otherwise, the judgment is carried out, whether I (k) + (delta I/delta V) V (k) is equal to 0, if the judgment is finished, the judgment is carried out, otherwise, the judgment is carried out, whether I (k) + (delta I/delta V) V (k) is greater than 0, if the judgment is carried out, the output voltage is reduced, and otherwise, the output voltage is increased.
The intelligent control unit is respectively in communication connection with the camera, the left-turn indicator light, the straight indicator light and the variable intelligent channel; the intelligent control unit controls the display shape of the intelligent LED indicator light of the variable intelligent channel based on the communication data with the camera, the left turn indicator light and the straight indicator light, so that the variable intelligent channel has a plurality of working modes.
The multiple working modes comprise a first mode that only left turning can be carried out at the intersection at the first moment and only left turning can be carried out at the intersection at the second moment; the second mode is that only left turn can be carried out at the intersection at the first moment, and only straight going can be carried out at the intersection at the second moment; the third mode is that the vehicle can only go straight at the intersection at the first moment, and can only turn left at the intersection at the second moment; the fourth mode is that the first time can only go straight at the intersection, and the second time can only go straight at the intersection.
The camera is used for shooting images of the distribution of the vehicles on the intelligent channel at preset time intervals and sending the images to the intelligent control unit; the intelligent control unit carries out image preprocessing on the image to obtain an image to be processed; the intelligent control unit compares the image to be processed with a standard image, calculates the overlapping rate of the image to be processed relative to the standard image, and when the overlapping rate is highWhen the overlapping rate is smaller than the overlapping rate threshold value, the intelligent control unit sets the passing time
Where ω is a predetermined weight, PS is an overlap ratio, and T issetWhen the overlapping rate is larger than or equal to the overlapping rate threshold value, the intelligent control unit sets the passing time T to be Tset(ii) a The intelligent control unit has a timing function, when the intelligent control unit controls the left turn indicator light and the straight indicator light to turn green at the same time, the intelligent control unit starts to time in real time, and the timing result is tpastThe intelligent control unit calculates the residual passing time t which can be adjusted in real timeend＝t-tpastWhen t isendAt ≦ 0 or tpast＝TmaxWhen the intelligent control unit controls the left-turn indicator light and the straight indicator light to turn from green to other colors simultaneously, and data t is convertedpastStoring and clearing time, TmaxIs the maximum transit time.
The intelligent control unit is based on tpastThe coefficient beta is obtained when 0<tpast≦tvalWhile the coefficients beta and tpastIn an inverse relationship, i.e. tpastThe larger the coefficient β, the smaller; when t isval<tpast≦TmaxWhile the coefficients beta and tpastIn a positive correlation, i.e. tpastThe larger the coefficient β is; 0<β<1。
N vehicles are arranged on the intelligent channel, each vehicle is provided with one ECU, and the N ECUs of the N vehicles respectively send the future short-term running data of the corresponding vehicle to the intelligent control unit; the intelligent control unit calculates the number N of vehicles needing to turn left based on all the received future short-term driving data1And the number of vehicles N requiring right turn2The intelligent control unit judges N1Whether or not greater than
If yes, determining that n needs to be added3Converting at least one of the variable intelligent channels into a left-turn only channel, and if not, determining to convert all n3The strip variable intelligent channel is converted into a straight channel only; when N is present1Is greater than
Then, the intelligent control unit further solves the objective function
Further obtaining the value of x, wherein x represents n3The number of channels converted into left-turn channels in the variable intelligent channels is positive integer.
The future short-term driving data comprises left turning indicating data of the channel and straight driving indicating data of the channel; and the ECU of the vehicle determines whether the vehicle needs to turn left or continue to move straight after passing through the intelligent channel based on the driving map so as to obtain the left-turning indicating data of the channel and the straight-moving indicating data of the channel.
When the intelligent control unit judges that all n are to be used3When the variable intelligent channels are converted into the straight channels, the intelligent control unit sends a first display instruction to the intelligent LED indicator lamp corresponding to each variable intelligent channel, and the first display instruction enables the intelligent LED indicator lamp to display a straight arrow; when the intelligent control unit calculates x, the intelligent control unit further calculates n3-x when said n is3When x is 0, the intelligent control unit sends a second display instruction to the intelligent LED indicator lamp corresponding to each variable intelligent channel, and the second display instruction enables the intelligent LED indicator lamp to display an arrow turning to the left; when said n is3When x is equal to y and y is not 0, the intelligent control unit sends a first display instruction to the intelligent LED indicator lamps corresponding to the 1 st, 2 nd, … … th and y-th variable intelligent channels, and sends a second display instruction to the intelligent LED indicator lamps corresponding to the 1 st, 2 nd, … … th and x-th variable intelligent channels, the y-th variable intelligent channel is the channel farthest away from the 1 st straight-only channel, and the x-th variable intelligent channel is the channel farthest away from the n-th variable intelligent channel1The strip only turns left the furthest channel of the channel, according toFrom left to right in order for said n1The left-turn lanes of the strip are numbered 1, 2, … …, n in sequence1Said n being paired in order from left to right2The straight-going channels are numbered 1, 2, … …, n in sequence2。
The beneficial technical effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
1. the traditional programmed traffic management mode is changed, and the traffic light time can be changed based on the actual flow;
2. a variable channel is arranged, and the channel can be converted through real-time data, so that vehicles running in all directions are balanced;
3. clean energy is adopted to realize power supply, and a high-efficiency conversion device is arranged to realize stable power supply, which is very important for the stable operation of a traffic system;
4. the conditions of the speeds in different directions and the conditions of the speeds at different flow rates are considered, so that the traffic jam can be relieved by controlling the time and the road;
5. the ECU of all the vehicles is communicated with the controller, and calculation is performed not based on history but based on actual requirements, so that distribution accuracy is improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. In the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the intelligent channel of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the intelligent warning light of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an overall work flow diagram of the intelligent transportation system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments thereof; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Other systems, methods, and/or features of the present embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the following detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the invention, and be protected by the accompanying claims. Additional features of the disclosed embodiments are described in, and will be apparent from, the detailed description that follows.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the inventive concept will be described as follows with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The inventive concept may, however, be illustrated in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the specific embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
Throughout the specification, it will be understood that when an element such as a layer, region or wafer (substrate) is referred to as being "on," "connected to" or "bonded to" another element, it can be directly on, connected to or bonded to the other element or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another element, there may be no other elements or layers intervening therebetween. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be apparent that, although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
For convenience in description, spatially relative terms (e.g., "above …," "above …," "below …," and "below …," etc.) may be used herein to describe one element's relationship to one or more other elements as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other elements or features would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other elements or features. Thus, the term "above …" can encompass both an orientation of "above …" and "below …" depending on the particular orientation of the device in the drawing. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the inventive concept. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or combinations, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or combinations.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the inventive concept will be described with reference to schematic diagrams illustrating embodiments of the inventive concept. In the drawings, for example, an ideal shape of the assembly is shown. However, due to manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, the components may be manufactured with modified shapes relative to those shown. Accordingly, embodiments of the inventive concept should not be construed as limited to the particular shapes of parts illustrated herein but are to be construed more generally to include variations in shapes that result from manufacturing processes and non-ideal factors. The inventive concept may also be comprised of one or a combination of the various embodiments shown and/or described herein.
The contents of the inventive concept described below may have various configurations. Only illustrative configurations have been shown and described herein, the inventive concept is not so limited and should be construed to extend to all suitable configurations.
The first embodiment.
Please refer to fig. 1-2.
The intelligent transportation system is characterized by comprising a plurality of intelligent transportation units, wherein each intelligent transportation unit comprises an intelligent channel and an intelligent warning lamp; the intelligent channel comprises n arranged in sequence1Strip left turn only channel 1, n3Variable intelligent channel 2, n2The strip only runs straight through the channel 3; the intelligent warning lamp comprises a fixed rod and a warning lamp box, the warning lamp box is fixedly connected with one end of the fixed rod, and the other end of the fixed rod is fixed on the ground surface; the warning lamp box comprises a shell, a left-turning indicator lamp 4, a straight indicator lamp 5 and a camera 6 which are arranged on the surface of the shell, and an intelligent control unit arranged inside the shell.
The variable intelligent channel is creatively arranged, and can be converted into a straight lane or a left-turn lane according to the actual vehicle flow condition, so that the lane is fully utilized, and the traffic speed is increased.
N is1≧ 1, n3≧ 1, n2≧n1。
The vehicle running on the left-turn-only channel can only turn left at the intersection; the vehicles running on the straight-only channel can only run straight at the intersection; and the vehicle running on the variable intelligent channel can only turn left or only go straight at the intersection at the first moment according to the identification on the variable intelligent channel, and can only turn left or only go straight at the intersection at the second moment which is different from the first moment and is continuous.
The fact that the vehicle can only turn left or can only run straight does not mean that the channel physically limits the traveling direction of the vehicle, but means that the vehicle can generate violation if the vehicle runs straight on the channel which can only turn left, or the vehicle can generate violation if the vehicle turns left on the channel which can only run straight.
The variable intelligent channel comprises a common road part and an intelligent indicating road part; the intelligent indicating road part is adjacent to the intersection, and the axis of the intelligent indicating road part is collinear with the axis of the common road part; the intelligent indicating road part comprises a roadbed, an intelligent LED indicating lamp and a transparent anti-pressure layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the intelligent LED indicator lamp can change the display shape based on the received signal, and can display a straight arrow or a leftward turning arrow to form the mark.
Because need add intelligent LED pilot lamp, these devices of transparent resistance to compression layer, consequently, need not all to be covered intelligent LED pilot lamp, transparent resistance to compression layer on whole variable intelligent passageway, only need apart from the crossing in certain distance lay can, generally can become the department of solid line and begin to lay intelligent LED pilot lamp, transparent resistance to compression layer at the dotted line for can not only make the clear sign of seeing that the driver can be clear, practice thrift the cost moreover.
And intelligence LED pilot lamp, transparent anti-pressure layer should set up in the passageway center, avoid the vehicle to roll frequently as far as possible to improve its life.
The common road part further comprises a piezoelectric material layer, and the intelligent indicating road part further comprises a thin film battery; when the vehicle runs on the common road part, the piezoelectric material layer converts the borne pressure into electric power and transmits the electric power to the thin film battery electrically connected with the thin film battery to store the electric power; the thin film battery is electrically connected with the intelligent LED indicator lamp and used for providing energy for the intelligent LED indicator lamp.
Because the intelligent LED pilot lamp that increases newly sets up on the passageway, consequently use commercial power etc. to be unfavorable for the application of system, because the laying of power pipeline etc. not only needs a lot of manpower and materials, need seal the road moreover and just can repair. Therefore, the distributed power supply is realized by adopting a piezoelectric conversion mode, and the piezoelectric layer is arranged on a part of a common road part, usually a part frequently crushed by a vehicle tire, so that the power supply is simple and the energy is clean.
A high-efficiency DC/DC converter is arranged between the thin film battery and the intelligent LED indicator light, and the intelligent indicator road part further comprises the high-efficiency DC/DC converter and a microcontroller; the high-efficiency DC/DC converter comprises a first inductor, a second inductor, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor; the anode of the thin film battery is directly connected with one end of the first inductor, the cathode of the thin film battery is directly connected with one end of the second inductor, the other end of the first inductor is respectively and directly connected with the anode of the first diode and the collector of the first switch tube, the emitter of the first switch tube is directly connected with the collector of the second switch tube, the cathode of the third diode and one end of the third capacitor are respectively and directly connected with the collector of the first switch tube, the anode of the third diode and the other end of the third capacitor are respectively and directly connected with the emitter of the first switch tube, the cathode of the first diode is directly connected with one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is respectively and directly connected with the emitter of the first switch tube and one end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the second diode is respectively connected with the emitter of the second switch tube and the other end of the second inductor, the cathode of the fourth diode and one end of the fourth capacitor are respectively and directly connected with the collector of the second switch tube, the anode of the fourth diode and the other end of the fourth capacitor are respectively and directly connected with the emitter of the second switch tube, the junction of the cathode of the first diode and one end of the first capacitor is connected with the first power input end of the intelligent LED indicator lamp, and the junction of the other end of the second capacitor and the anode of the second diode is connected with the second power input end of the intelligent LED indicator lamp; the control pole of the first switch tube and the control pole of the second switch tube are connected with the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is used for controlling the opening and closing time sequences of the first switch tube and the second switch tube, so that the electric power output by the high-efficiency DC/DC converter can meet the requirements of the intelligent LED indicator lamp in real time.
Because the intelligent LED indicator light is used for public transport, the intelligent LED indicator light needs to be ensured to be continuously supplied with power all the time, so that the normal operation of traffic indication is ensured, and the traffic safety is ensured. However, since the intelligent LED indicator can only be powered by a piezoelectric manner, a highly efficient DC/DC converter is required to convert the electric quantity stored in the battery to the electric energy of the intelligent LED indicator to the maximum extent.
The microcontroller detects the voltage level V (k) and the current level I (k) output by the high-efficiency DC/DC converter in real time, k is the time k, calculates the voltage variation level delta V (k) -V (k-1) and the current variation level delta I (I) (k) -I (k-1), judges whether delta I is equal to 0, if delta I is equal to 0, the judgment is finished, otherwise, the judgment is carried out, whether I (k) + (delta I/delta V) V (k) is equal to 0, if the judgment is finished, the judgment is carried out, otherwise, the judgment is carried out, whether I (k) + (delta I/delta V) V (k) is greater than 0, if the judgment is carried out, the output voltage is reduced, and otherwise, the output voltage is increased.
Because the load characteristic of the LED lamp needs to ensure the stable power, the control mode of the special DC/DC converter provided by the invention is set, so that the intelligent LED indicator lamp can obtain continuous and stable power.
The intelligent control unit is respectively in communication connection with the camera, the left-turn indicator light, the straight indicator light and the variable intelligent channel; the intelligent control unit controls the display shape of the intelligent LED indicator light of the variable intelligent channel based on the communication data with the camera, the left turn indicator light and the straight indicator light, so that the variable intelligent channel has a plurality of working modes.
The intelligent control unit can obtain a channel which is more needed by straight movement or left turning through the detection of flow and the like, and then the variable intelligent channel is converted.
The multiple working modes comprise a first mode that only left turning can be carried out at the intersection at the first moment and only left turning can be carried out at the intersection at the second moment; the second mode is that only left turn can be carried out at the intersection at the first moment, and only straight going can be carried out at the intersection at the second moment; the third mode is that the vehicle can only go straight at the intersection at the first moment, and can only turn left at the intersection at the second moment; the fourth mode is that the first time can only go straight at the intersection, and the second time can only go straight at the intersection.
In a green light period, the number of the vehicles going straight and turning left is changed, and the running speeds of the vehicles going straight and turning left are changed, so that the variable intelligent channel can be converted into left turning when the left turning requirement is high in the green light period, and converted into straight running when the straight running requirement is high, shunting is realized, and the running speed of the vehicles is guaranteed.
The camera is used for shooting images of the distribution of the vehicles on the intelligent channel at preset time intervals and sending the images to the intelligent control unit; the intelligent control unit carries out image preprocessing on the image to obtain an image to be processed; the intelligent control unit compares the image to be processed with a standard image, calculates the overlapping rate of the image to be processed relative to the standard image, and sets the passing time when the overlapping rate is smaller than the threshold value of the overlapping rate
Where ω is a predetermined weight, PS is an overlap ratio, and T issetWhen the overlapping rate is larger than or equal to the overlapping rate threshold value, the intelligent control unit sets the passing time T to be Tset(ii) a The intelligent control unit has a timing function, when the intelligent control unit controls the left turn indicator light and the straight indicator light to turn green at the same time, the intelligent control unit starts to time in real time, and the timing result is tpastThe intelligent control unit calculates the residual passing time t which can be adjusted in real timeend＝t-tpastWhen t isendAt ≦ 0 or tpast＝TmaxWhen the intelligent control unit controls theThe left turn indicator light and the straight indicator light are simultaneously turned from green to other colors, and the data t is convertedpastStoring and clearing time, TmaxIs the maximum transit time.
When there are more vehicles on the road, it will take longer to be able to make more vehicles pass through. The invention designs the variable time period based on the image recognition result, which can ensure that more vehicles can pass through the intersection, and the variable time period can continuously change in the green light time period, thereby alleviating the jammed vehicles. Through TmaxThe setting of (2) balances the passing period controlled by other possible intelligent traffic units, balances the working time among different intelligent traffic units, and realizes the balance of each intersection under the condition of multiple intersections such as crossroads.
The intelligent control unit is based on tpastThe coefficient beta is obtained when 0<tpast≦tvalWhile the coefficients beta and tpastIn an inverse relationship, i.e. tpastThe larger the coefficient β, the smaller; when t isval<tpast≦TmaxWhile the coefficients beta and tpastIn a positive correlation, i.e. tpastThe larger the coefficient β is; 0<β<1。
The invention takes the difference between the straight-going vehicle speed and the left-turning vehicle speed into consideration, introduces the coefficient beta, takes the relation between the passing time and the vehicle speed into consideration, and takes the relation between the straight-going vehicle speed and the left-turning vehicle speed into consideration, so that the formulated conversion mode can balance the vehicles in all directions.
N vehicles are arranged on the intelligent channel, each vehicle is provided with one ECU, and the N ECUs of the N vehicles respectively send the future short-term running data of the corresponding vehicle to the intelligent control unit; the intelligent control unit calculates the number N of vehicles needing to turn left based on all the received future short-term driving data1And the number of vehicles N requiring right turn2The intelligent control unit judges N1Whether or not greater than
If it is notIf yes, n is determined to be needed3Converting at least one of the variable intelligent channels into a left-turn only channel, and if not, determining to convert all n3The strip variable intelligent channel is converted into a straight channel only; when N is present1Is greater than
Then, the intelligent control unit further solves the objective function
Further obtaining the value of x, wherein x represents n3The number of channels converted into left-turn-only channels in the variable intelligent channels, and x is a positive integer.
Accurate data are obtained through the ECU of each vehicle, historical data and the like are not adopted, and the calculation accuracy can be greatly improved; and through setting the target function, the equal passing time of all the channels is realized, so that the reduction of the flow rate caused by the road congestion and the frequent switching of a driver on different channels is avoided.
The future short-term driving data comprises left turning indicating data of the channel and straight driving indicating data of the channel; and the ECU of the vehicle determines whether the vehicle needs to turn left or continue to move straight after passing through the intelligent channel based on the driving map so as to obtain the left-turning indicating data of the channel and the straight-moving indicating data of the channel.
For the intelligent control unit at the intersection, only the data on the channel needs to be processed, so that the data congestion is avoided, and the processing speed is greatly improved.
When the intelligent control unit judges that all n are to be used3When the variable intelligent channels are converted into the straight channels, the intelligent control unit sends a first display instruction to the intelligent LED indicator lamp corresponding to each variable intelligent channel, and the first display instruction enables the intelligent LED indicator lamp to display a straight arrow; when the intelligent control unit calculates x, the intelligent control unit further calculates n3-x when said n is3When x is 0, the intelligent control unit sends a second display instruction to the intelligent LED indicator lamp corresponding to each variable intelligent channel,the second display instruction enables the intelligent LED indicator lamp to display an arrow turning to the left; when said n is3When x is equal to y and y is not 0, the intelligent control unit sends a first display instruction to the intelligent LED indicator lamps corresponding to the 1 st, 2 nd, … … th and y-th variable intelligent channels, and sends a second display instruction to the intelligent LED indicator lamps corresponding to the 1 st, 2 nd, … … th and x-th variable intelligent channels, the y-th variable intelligent channel is the channel farthest away from the 1 st straight-only channel, and the x-th variable intelligent channel is the channel farthest away from the n-th variable intelligent channel1The channel which is the farthest channel of the left-turning channel is aligned with the n according to the sequence from left to right1The left-turn lanes of the strip are numbered 1, 2, … …, n in sequence1Said n being paired in order from left to right2The straight-going channels are numbered 1, 2, … …, n in sequence2。
The intelligent control unit controls all the variable intelligent channels in the simplest and simplest mode at the same time, so that the variable intelligent channels are switched to the corresponding modes, the processing speed is greatly improved, the flow speed of the vehicle is further guaranteed, and the congestion condition is relieved.
Example two.
Please refer to fig. 3.
The working process of the intelligent transportation system mainly comprises the following steps:
1) the intelligent control unit sets the passing time based on the image;
2) the intelligent control unit calculates the conversion number of the variable intelligent channels based on the passing time, the future short-term driving data and the number of the channels;
3) the intelligent control unit controls the corresponding variable intelligent channel to be switched and returns to the step 1).
From the above process, the steps of calculating the transit time, calculating the number of the variable intelligent channel conversions and the variable intelligent channel conversion are performed in a cycle, that is, in a green period, since there are many vehicles traveling straight at the current time, the current time n is set3The variable intelligent channels are only straight-going channels, the number of the left-turning vehicles is gradually increased along with the gradual reduction of straight-going vehicles, and the left-turning vehicles can be restarted in the current green light periodAnd judging that the variable intelligent channel set to be only straight ahead needs to be changed into only left-turning, so that the left-turning vehicle can obtain more lanes to prevent the left-turning direction from being blocked, and finally realizing the condition that the lanes in all directions are not blocked in balanced passing. Or in a green light period, because the number of vehicles at the current moment is less, a smaller passing time is set at the beginning, but the number of the vehicles suddenly increases, at the moment, in the green light period, the passing time can be automatically prolonged, more vehicles can pass through, and the condition of unbalanced traffic flow caused by a fixed period is avoided. Or in a green light period, because the vehicles at the current moment are many, a larger passing time is set at the beginning, but because the road is common and the speed is higher, the vehicles are few later, and then in the green light period, the passing time can be automatically shortened, so that the invalid operation of the green light is avoided, and sufficient running time is provided for other intersections.
The intelligent traffic system disclosed by the invention changes the traditional programmed traffic management mode, and realizes that the traffic light time can be changed based on the actual flow; a variable channel is arranged, and the channel can be converted through real-time data, so that vehicles running in all directions are balanced; clean energy is adopted to realize power supply, and a high-efficiency conversion device is arranged to realize stable power supply, which is very important for the stable operation of a traffic system; the conditions of the speeds in different directions and the conditions of the speeds at different flow rates are considered, so that the traffic jam can be relieved by controlling the time and the road; the ECU of all the vehicles is communicated with the controller, and calculation is performed not based on history but based on actual requirements, so that distribution accuracy is improved.
Although the invention has been described above with reference to various embodiments, it should be understood that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. It is therefore intended that the foregoing detailed description be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting, and that it be understood that it is the following claims, including all equivalents, that are intended to define the spirit and scope of this invention. The above examples are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure. After reading the description of the invention, the skilled person can make various changes or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall into the scope of the invention defined by the claims.
Claims (1)
1. The intelligent transportation system is characterized by comprising a plurality of intelligent transportation units, wherein each intelligent transportation unit comprises an intelligent channel and an intelligent warning lamp; the intelligent channel comprises n arranged in sequence1Strip left turn only channel, n3Variable intelligent channel, n2The strips only go straight through the channels; the intelligent warning lamp comprises a fixed rod and a warning lamp box, the warning lamp box is fixedly connected with one end of the fixed rod, and the other end of the fixed rod is fixed on the ground surface; the warning lamp box comprises a shell, a left-turn indicator lamp, a straight indicator lamp and a camera which are arranged on the surface of the shell, and an intelligent control unit arranged in the shell;
n is said1≧ 1, n3≧ 1, n2≧n1；
The vehicle running on the left-turn-only channel can only turn left at the intersection; the vehicles running on the straight-only channel can only run straight at the intersection; the vehicle running on the variable intelligent channel can only turn left or only go straight at the intersection at a first moment according to the identification on the variable intelligent channel, and can only turn left or only go straight at the intersection at a second moment which is different from the first moment and is continuous;
the variable intelligent channel comprises a common road part and an intelligent indicating road part; the intelligent indicating road part is adjacent to the intersection, and the axis of the intelligent indicating road part is collinear with the axis of the common road part; the intelligent indicating road part comprises a roadbed, an intelligent LED indicating lamp and a transparent anti-pressure layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the intelligent LED indicator light can change the display shape based on the received signal, can display a straight arrow or an arrow turning left, and forms the mark;
the common road part further comprises a piezoelectric material layer, and the intelligent indicating road part further comprises a thin film battery; when the vehicle runs on the common road part, the piezoelectric material layer converts the borne pressure into electric power and transmits the electric power to the thin film battery electrically connected with the thin film battery to store the electric power; the thin film battery is electrically connected with the intelligent LED indicator lamp and is used for providing energy for the intelligent LED indicator lamp;
a high-efficiency DC/DC converter is arranged between the thin film battery and the intelligent LED indicator light, and the intelligent indicator road part further comprises the high-efficiency DC/DC converter and a microcontroller; the high-efficiency DC/DC converter comprises a first inductor, a second inductor, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor; the anode of the thin film battery is directly connected with one end of the first inductor, the cathode of the thin film battery is directly connected with one end of the second inductor, the other end of the first inductor is respectively and directly connected with the anode of the first diode and the collector of the first switch tube, the emitter of the first switch tube is directly connected with the collector of the second switch tube, the cathode of the third diode and one end of the third capacitor are respectively and directly connected with the collector of the first switch tube, the anode of the third diode and the other end of the third capacitor are respectively and directly connected with the emitter of the first switch tube, the cathode of the first diode is directly connected with one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is respectively and directly connected with the emitter of the first switch tube and one end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the second diode is respectively connected with the emitter of the second switch tube and the other end of the second inductor, the cathode of the fourth diode and one end of the fourth capacitor are respectively and directly connected with the collector of the second switch tube, the anode of the fourth diode and the other end of the fourth capacitor are respectively and directly connected with the emitter of the second switch tube, the junction of the cathode of the first diode and one end of the first capacitor is connected with the first power input end of the intelligent LED indicator lamp, and the junction of the other end of the second capacitor and the anode of the second diode is connected with the second power input end of the intelligent LED indicator lamp; the control electrode of the first switch tube and the control electrode of the second switch tube are connected with the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is used for controlling the opening and closing time sequences of the first switch tube and the second switch tube, so that the electric power output by the high-efficiency DC/DC converter can meet the requirements of the intelligent LED indicator lamp in real time;
the microcontroller detects the voltage level V (k) and the current level I (k) output by the high-efficiency DC/DC converter in real time, k is the time k, calculates the voltage variation level delta V (k) -V (k-1) and the current variation level delta I (I) (k) -I (k-1), judges whether delta I is equal to 0, if delta I is equal to 0, the judgment is finished, otherwise, judges whether I (k) + (delta I/delta V) V (k) is equal to 0, if the delta I is equal to 0, the judgment is finished, otherwise, judges whether I (k) + (delta I/delta V) V (k) is greater than 0, if the delta I/delta V) V (k) is reduced, and otherwise, the output voltage is increased;
the intelligent control unit is respectively in communication connection with the camera, the left-turn indicator light, the straight indicator light and the variable intelligent channel; the intelligent control unit controls the display shape of the intelligent LED indicator lamp of the variable intelligent channel based on the communication data of the camera, the left turn indicator lamp and the straight indicator lamp, so that the variable intelligent channel has a plurality of working modes;
the multiple working modes comprise a first mode that only left turning can be carried out at the intersection at the first moment and only left turning can be carried out at the intersection at the second moment; the second mode is that the first time can only turn left at the intersection, and the second time can only go straight at the intersection; the third mode is that the vehicle can only go straight at the intersection at the first moment, and can only turn left at the intersection at the second moment; the fourth mode is that the first time can only go straight at the intersection, and the second time can only go straight at the intersection;
the camera is used for shooting images of the distribution of the vehicles on the intelligent channel at preset time intervals and sending the images to the intelligent control unit; the intelligent control unit carries out image preprocessing on the image to obtain an image to be processed; the intelligent controlThe system unit compares the image to be processed with a standard image, calculates the overlapping rate of the image to be processed relative to the standard image, and sets the passing time by the intelligent control unit when the overlapping rate is smaller than the threshold value of the overlapping rate
Where ω is a predetermined weight, PS is an overlap ratio, and T issetWhen the overlapping rate is larger than or equal to the overlapping rate threshold value, the intelligent control unit sets the passing time T to be Tset(ii) a The intelligent control unit has a timing function, when the intelligent control unit controls the left turn indicator light and the straight indicator light to turn green at the same time, the intelligent control unit starts to time in real time, and the timing result is tpastThe intelligent control unit calculates the residual passing time t which can be adjusted in real timeend＝t-tpastWhen t isendAt ≦ 0 or tpast＝TmaxWhen the intelligent control unit controls the left turn indicator light and the straight indicator light to simultaneously turn from green to other colors, the data t is convertedpastStoring and clearing time, TmaxIs the maximum transit time;
the intelligent control unit is based on tpastThe coefficient beta is obtained when 0<tpast≦tvalWhile the coefficients beta and tpastIn an inverse relationship, i.e. tpastThe larger the coefficient β, the smaller; when t isval<tpast≦TmaxWhile the coefficients beta and tpastIn a positive correlation, i.e. tpastThe larger the coefficient β is; 0<β<1；
N vehicles are arranged on the intelligent channel, each vehicle is provided with one ECU, and the N ECUs of the N vehicles respectively send the future short-term running data of the corresponding vehicle to the intelligent control unit; the intelligent control unit calculates the number N of vehicles needing to turn left based on all the received future short-term driving data1And the number of vehicles N requiring right turn2The intelligent control unit judges N1Whether or not greater than
If yes, determining that n needs to be added3Converting at least one of the variable intelligent channels into a left-turn only channel, and if not, determining to convert all n3The strip variable intelligent channel is converted into a straight channel only; when N is present1Is greater than
Then, the intelligent control unit further solves the objective function
Further obtaining the value of x, wherein x represents n3The number of channels which are converted into left-turning channels in the variable intelligent channels is positive integer;
the future short-term driving data comprises left turning indicating data of the channel and straight driving indicating data of the channel; the ECU of the vehicle determines whether the vehicle needs to turn left or continue to move straight after passing through the intelligent channel based on a driving map so as to obtain left-turning indicating data of the channel and straight-going indicating data of the channel;
when the intelligent control unit judges that all n are to be used3When the variable intelligent channels are converted into the straight channels, the intelligent control unit sends a first display instruction to the intelligent LED indicator lamp corresponding to each variable intelligent channel, and the first display instruction enables the intelligent LED indicator lamp to display a straight arrow; when the intelligent control unit calculates x, the intelligent control unit further calculates n3-x when said n is3When x is 0, the intelligent control unit sends a second display instruction to the intelligent LED indicator lamp corresponding to each variable intelligent channel, and the second display instruction enables the intelligent LED indicator lamp to display an arrow turning to the left; when said n is3When x is equal to y and y is not 0, the intelligent control unit sends a first display instruction to the intelligent LED indicator lamps corresponding to the 1 st, 2 nd, … … th and y-th variable intelligent channels and sends a second display instruction to the intelligent LED indicator lamps corresponding to the 1 st, 2 nd, … … th and x-th variable intelligent channelsMaking the y-th variable intelligent channel the channel farthest away from the 1 st straight-only channel, and the x-th variable intelligent channel the n-th variable intelligent channel1The channel which is the farthest channel of the left-turning channel is aligned with the n according to the sequence from left to right1The left-turn lanes of the strip are numbered 1, 2, … …, n in sequence1Said n being paired in order from left to right2The straight-going channels are numbered 1, 2, … …, n in sequence2。
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