CN111651801A - Rapid building natural lighting model modeling method based on window database - Google Patents

Rapid building natural lighting model modeling method based on window database Download PDF

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CN111651801A
CN111651801A CN201911373649.7A CN201911373649A CN111651801A CN 111651801 A CN111651801 A CN 111651801A CN 201911373649 A CN201911373649 A CN 201911373649A CN 111651801 A CN111651801 A CN 111651801A
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任惠
王守龙
朱彬
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Binzhou University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid modeling method of a building natural lighting model based on a window database, which comprises the following specific operation steps: (1) collecting region window information and constructing a window database; (2) building shape parametric modeling; (3) constructing a window geometric model based on a window database; (4) assigning window material construction information based on a window database; (5) performing simulation execution on natural lighting of the building; (6) modeling information recording and backtracking based on a window database. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the invention relates to a rapid modeling method of a building natural lighting simulation model based on a window database, which realizes three effects of window component information regionalization, building model construction automation, work flow integration and high efficiency in the model.

Description

Rapid building natural lighting model modeling method based on window database
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building modeling, in particular to a rapid modeling method of a building natural lighting model based on a window database.
Background
Under the background of advocating sustainable development and green buildings, the full utilization of natural lighting has important significance for reducing building energy consumption, and the indoor luminous environment of the building can be effectively improved through reasonable building lighting design. Therefore, the design decision of building lighting based on natural lighting simulation is of great significance.
At present, the artificial participation of the natural lighting simulation model modeling method is large, so that the early-stage modeling is long in time consumption and low in efficiency; and the outer window model is rough in construction, which seriously affects the lighting simulation precision.
The main factors causing the low efficiency of the existing natural lighting simulation model modeling method are low automation level of modeling and simulation processes and lack of parameterized associated data among model components; the main factors causing low simulation precision of natural lighting are low construction fineness of the external window model and non-standardization of the size of the external window model.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems that a window database of a natural lighting simulation model and an automatic building body generation programming module are constructed through a Rhinoscript script language in Rhino software, a rapid building natural lighting simulation model building method based on the window database is provided, the defects of large manual participation amount and low efficiency of the existing building method are overcome, the limitation that the built window model is rough and lacks corresponding window attribute information is broken through, and the purposes of automatic building body model building based on data input and automatic fine exterior window model generation based on the window database are achieved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a rapid modeling method of a building natural lighting model based on a window database is characterized in that the method constructs a window database based on region window types and window parameters (window sizes, materials and window frame sizes) and a building shape automatic generation module based on data input in a Grasshopper plug-in unit; and the quick construction of the natural lighting simulation model is realized. The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) collecting region window information and constructing a window database;
(2) building shape parametric modeling;
(3) constructing a window geometric model based on a window database;
(4) assigning window material construction information based on a window database;
(5) performing simulation execution on natural lighting of the building;
(6) modeling information recording and backtracking based on a window database.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the invention relates to a rapid modeling method of a building natural lighting simulation model based on a window database, which realizes three effects of regionalization of window component information, automation of model construction and integration and high efficiency of a work flow in the model:
in terms of the localization of model building window information:
before modeling, the regional window information of the base where the project is located is collected and a window database is built, so that the localization of the external window attribute generated in the later modeling process is ensured.
In terms of model building automation:
based on the Rhinoscript programming module, the construction of the whole building model can be completed based on a small amount of man-machine interaction. The traditional geometric input modeling thought is replaced by data input, and the automatic generation of the model can be completed through the input of project site size data, project buffer zone size data and building basic size data.
In the aspects of workflow integration and high efficiency:
the whole work flow is according to window information input-window database construction-building model generation rule making-site and building basic size input-model automatic generation-model windowing-building natural lighting simulation-model size data and lighting simulation data recording and backtracking program sequence, all the program sequence can be operated in a Grasshopper panel, and the integration and high efficiency of the work flow are realized.
Preferably, the step (1): firstly, determining the building type required to be designed by a building project design task book, selecting 100 buildings of the type locally and carrying out image acquisition on the building facade of the buildings, and attaching a certain size reference object in the image shooting and acquiring process so as to be convenient for determining the size of a window body in an image at the later stage; performing statistical analysis on the window size and window materials by using a statistical method according to the collected images, determining window size value ranges of different window types by using relevant standards such as GB-T5824-2008_ building door and window opening size series, shutter atlas 05J624-1, building modulus standard and the like as references, and constructing an external window type selection module; the method comprises the steps of writing Window material parameters into a Window material database by using a material input module under a Grasshopper platform, searching related material parameters in a radial material database by using the Window material which is counted well, writing the related material parameters into a Window material library by using a Honeybe _ radial opaque material battery block under the Grasshopper platform, using a Slider module as a control rod of a Window size value domain, defining different types of Window value domains by using different Sliders, and completing the construction of an outer Window database.
Preferably, the step (2): obtaining a project field boundary line according to a project given CAD drawing, calling a Rhinoccriptsyntax.Getobjects command to obtain the project field boundary line by using a Rhinoccript script language, and calling a Rhinoccriptsyntax.OffsetCurveOnsurface command and a Rhinoccriptsyntax.AddEdgeSrf command to generate a building constructable range area; calling a Rhinoscriptsyntax.EvaluataSource command to determine a building substrate positioning point in the range of the building constructable surface; calling a Rhinoscriptsyntax.AddPlaneSurface command based on man-machine interaction, inputting field length and width size data, and generating a building floor area; finally, calling a Rhinoscriptsyntax. ExtrudeSource command, and inputting a building height value to generate a basic building body; and completing the construction of a certain type of building figure model.
Preferably, the step (3): based on the window database constructed in the step (1), window information is selected according to the type of the first-party demand window, and the information to be selected comprises: the window orientation, the window length, the window width, the window frame width, the outer window frame thickness and the inner window frame thickness; after the information of the basic window is selected, a basic positioning point of the window body is selected on the wall body needing windowing, the selected window body is automatically generated at the lower left corner of the positioning point, and the wall body windowing is finished.
Preferably, the step (4): and (3) after the geometric model of the window is constructed in the step (3), based on the window database constructed in the step one and the selection of the window from the first party, calling the material of the window glass in the database by using a Honeybe _ call from random library module under a Grasshopper platform, and giving the material to the corresponding outer window glass by using the Honeybe _ sequence module. After the window glass material is endowed, the Honeybe _ callfromrance library module is used for calling the window frame material in the database, the Honeybe _ setmorance module is used for endowing the corresponding outer window frame with the material, the window body material is endowed, the building of a certain type of building model is completed, and the building of a natural lighting simulation model is completed.
Preferably, the step (5): the building components such as external wall, roof, ground, window glass, window frame and the like in the basic building body are sequentially input into a natural lighting simulation program to carry out natural lighting simulation.
Preferably, the step (6): and calling a Galapagos listener module and a Writeto excel module in Grasshopper to realize the recording function of building body model data information and window model data information. And calling a data preprocessing module to perform data record preprocessing on historical data information before and after the building and window model is adjusted. After the natural lighting simulation model construction and the natural lighting simulation are completed, the Writeto excel switch is started, data in the preprocessing module can be recorded into the window database, backtracking of building body data information, window data information and natural lighting simulation performance data information is achieved, and reference and calling of the data information during secondary modeling are facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an external window type selection module.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
When the method is implemented, the first step is as follows: region window information collection and window database construction
Firstly, determining that a building project design task book requires that the building type is an office building, selecting 100 buildings of the type locally and carrying out image acquisition on the building vertical surface of the buildings, and attaching a certain size reference object in the image shooting and acquiring process so as to be convenient for determining the size of a window body in an image at the later stage; performing statistical analysis on the window size and window materials by using a statistical method according to the collected images, and determining window size value fields of different window types by using relevant standards such as GB-T5824-2008_ building door and window opening size series, shutter atlas 05J624-1, building modulus standard and the like as references; in the programming environment of Rhinopython, six window size external window type selection modules of fixed windows, casement windows, suspension windows, sliding windows, skylights and shutters with different orientations (east-west orientation, north-south orientation and top surface orientation) are constructed. And considering the application of a natural lighting simulation tool based on a Radiance rendering engine in the later period, setting the statistical window frame material parameter by referring to a parameter recognizable by Radiance. Wherein, the statistical glass materials are classified into clear glass, duty glass, easy glass and greenlass; the window frame materials are classified into a concrete frame, a grid plastic frame, a metal frame and a wood frame, and the window material parameters are written into a window material database by using a material input module under a Grasshopper platform, and the outer window database is constructed.
Step two: building shape parametric modeling
Obtaining a project field boundary line according to a project given CAD drawing, and generating a building constructable range area according to the field boundary line and each boundary back buffer distance of 10m by using a Rhinoscript script language; and then determining a building base positioning point in the range of the constructable area of the building, inputting the length of a field to be 80m and the width to be 35m based on human-computer interaction, generating a building floor area to be 60m by 15m, inputting the height value of the building to be 20m, generating a basic building body, and finishing the construction of a certain office building body model.
Step three: window geometric model construction based on window database
Based on the window database constructed in the first step, selecting window information for a casement window according to the windowing type of the first-party requirement, wherein the selection information is as follows: the window orientation is east-west, the window length is 2.4m, the window width is 1.5m, the window frame width is 0.04m, the outer window frame thickness is 0.02m, and the inner window frame thickness is 0.02 m; after the basic window information is selected, a basic positioning point of a window body is selected on the wall body needing windowing, a casement window is automatically generated at the lower left corner of the positioning point, and the wall body is windowed.
Step four: window material construction information assignment based on window database
And thirdly, after the geometric model of the window body is constructed, selecting the window type to be a casement window based on the window database constructed in the first step and the first square, calling the glass material from the window database to be clear glass by using a material reading module in the Grasshopper platform, and endowing the glass material to the corresponding glass material by using a material endowing module. After the window glass material is endowed, the material reading module in the Grasshopper platform is used for calling the concrete frame window frame material from the window database and the material endowing module is used for endowing the material of the window frame inside and outside the window body, the whole window body material is endowed completely, and the natural lighting simulation model is constructed completely.
Step five: simulation execution of natural lighting for building
The building components such as external wall, roof, ground, window glass, window frame and the like in the basic building body are sequentially input into a natural lighting simulation program to carry out natural lighting simulation. If the simulation performance is not ideal, the second step and the third step can be repeated, the type of the window body, the size of the inner window frame and the outer window frame and the material of the window glass and the inner window frame and the outer window frame are adjusted, and the fifth step is carried out until an ideal natural lighting performance simulation result is obtained.
Step six: modeling information recording and backtracking based on window database
The recording function of building body model data information (length, width, height, window area, outer wall area, window-wall ratio and body shape coefficient of a building body) and window body model data information (window size parameters, window inner frame and outer frame size parameters, window and window frame materials) can be realized by calling a data preprocessing module and a data recording module in the Grasshopper. And calling a data preprocessing module to record and preprocess historical data information before and after the building and window model is adjusted. After the natural lighting simulation model construction and the natural lighting simulation are completed, the data recording module is called, and the simulation data (the minimum illumination value, the maximum illumination value, the average illumination value and the uniformity) in the preprocessing module can be recorded in the window database, so that the backtracking of the building body data information, the window size data information and the natural lighting simulation performance data information is realized, and the reference and the calling of the data information during secondary modeling are facilitated.
Example (b):
Figure BDA0002340341740000041
Figure BDA0002340341740000051
Figure BDA0002340341740000061
exterior window type selection module code
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the invention, "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A rapid modeling method of a building natural lighting model based on a window database is characterized in that the method constructs a window database based on region window types and window parameters (window sizes, materials and window frame sizes) and a building shape automatic generation module based on data input in a Grasshopper plug-in unit; and the quick construction of the natural lighting simulation model is realized. The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) collecting region window information and constructing a window database;
(2) building shape parametric modeling;
(3) constructing a window geometric model based on a window database;
(4) assigning window material construction information based on a window database;
(5) performing simulation execution on natural lighting of the building;
(6) modeling information recording and backtracking based on a window database.
2. The rapid modeling method for a natural lighting model of a building based on a window database as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the step (1): firstly, determining the type of a building required to be designed by a design task book of a building project, selecting 100 buildings of the type locally, carrying out image acquisition on the building facade of the buildings, and attaching a certain-size reference object in the image shooting and acquisition process so as to be convenient for determining the size of a window body in an image at the later stage; performing statistical analysis on the window size and window materials by using a statistical method according to the collected images, determining window size value ranges of different window types by using relevant standards such as GB-T5824-2008_ building door and window opening size series, shutter atlas 05J624-1, building modulus standard and the like as references, and constructing an external window type selection module; the method comprises the steps of writing Window material parameters into a Window material database by using a material input module under a Grasshopper platform, searching related material parameters in a Radiance material database by using the Window material which is counted well, writing the related material parameters into a Window material library by using a Honeybe _ Radiance opaque material battery block under the Grasshopper platform, using a Slider module as a control rod of a Window size value domain, defining different types of Window value domains by using different Sliders, and completing construction of an outer Window database.
3. The rapid modeling method for a natural lighting model of a building based on a window database as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (2): obtaining a project field boundary line according to a project given CAD drawing, calling a Rhinoccriptsyntax.Getobjects command by using a Rhinoccript script language to obtain the project field boundary line, and calling a Rhinoccriptsyntax.OffsetcOnsurface and a Rhinoccriptsyntax.AddEdgeSrf command to generate a building constructable range area; calling a Rhinocriptssyntax.EvaluataSource command to determine a building base positioning point in the range of the building constructable surface; calling a Rhinoscriptsyntax.AddPlaneSurface command based on man-machine interaction, and inputting field length and width size data to generate a building floor area; finally, calling a Rhinoscriptsyntax, extreme surface command, and inputting a building height value to generate a basic building shape; and completing the construction of a certain type of building figure model.
4. The rapid modeling method for a natural lighting model of a building based on a window database as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (3): based on the window database constructed in the step (1), window information is selected according to the type of the first-party demand window, and the information to be selected comprises: the window orientation, the window length, the window width, the window frame width, the outer window frame thickness and the inner window frame thickness; after the basic window information is selected, a basic positioning point of a window body is selected on the wall body needing windowing, the selected window body is automatically generated at the lower left corner of the positioning point, and the wall body windowing is finished.
5. The rapid modeling method for a natural lighting model of a building based on a window database as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (4): and (3) after the geometric model of the window is constructed in the step (3), based on the window database constructed in the step one and the selection of the window from the first party, calling the material of the window glass in the database by using a Honeybe _ call from radial library module under the Grasshopper platform, and giving the material to the corresponding outer window glass by using the Honeybe _ sequence module. After the window glass material is endowed, the Honeybe _ door from radial library module is used for calling the window frame material in the database, the Honeybe _ door _ local module is used for endowing the corresponding outer window frame with the material, the window body material endowing is completed, the building of a certain type of building model is completed, and the building of a natural lighting simulation model is completed.
6. The rapid modeling method for a window database-based architectural natural lighting model according to claim 1, wherein the step (5): the building components such as the outer wall, the roof, the ground, the window glass, the window frame and the like in the basic building body are sequentially input into a natural lighting simulation program to carry out natural lighting simulation.
7. The rapid modeling method for a building natural lighting model based on a window database as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (6): and calling a Galapagos list module and a Write to excel module in Grasshopper, and realizing the recording function of building body model data information and window model data information. And calling a data preprocessing module to perform data record preprocessing on historical data information before and after the building and window model is adjusted. After the natural lighting simulation model construction and the natural lighting simulation are completed, the Write to excel switch is started, data in the preprocessing module can be recorded into the window database, backtracking of building body data information, window data information and natural lighting simulation performance data information is achieved, and reference and calling of the data information during secondary modeling are facilitated.
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