CN111650890A - Numerical control turning batch processing technological parameter energy-saving optimization method considering cutter abrasion - Google Patents

Numerical control turning batch processing technological parameter energy-saving optimization method considering cutter abrasion Download PDF

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CN111650890A
CN111650890A CN202010570589.4A CN202010570589A CN111650890A CN 111650890 A CN111650890 A CN 111650890A CN 202010570589 A CN202010570589 A CN 202010570589A CN 111650890 A CN111650890 A CN 111650890A
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tool
time
energy consumption
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cutter
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CN111650890B (en
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李聪波
吕岩
胡曾明
屈世阳
潘建
张友
何吉祥
崔佳斌
余必胜
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Chongqing University
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    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/416—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control of velocity, acceleration or deceleration
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a numerical control turning batch processing process parameter energy-saving optimization method considering cutter abrasion, which comprises the following steps: on the basis of analyzing the mechanism characteristics that the total time and the total energy consumption of numerical control turning are influenced by tool wear and process parameters in a cooperative mode in the batch processing process, an energy-saving optimization model of the numerical control turning batch processing process parameters considering the tool wear is established by taking the minimum total energy consumption and the shortest total time as targets and taking process parameter sets under different tool wear as variables, and an optimization algorithm is adopted for optimization solution. And then, based on a specific example, multi-objective optimization simulation is carried out, so that the balance between high production efficiency and high energy efficiency in the numerical control turning batch processing is realized, and the method can be used for guiding the actual production of an enterprise.

Description

Numerical control turning batch processing technological parameter energy-saving optimization method considering cutter abrasion
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mechanical cutting machining, in particular to a numerical control machining energy consumption prediction energy-saving optimization method.
Background
Numerical control turning batch processing is a very common processing mode in workshop production, and process parameter selection has obvious influence on total energy consumption and processing efficiency in the batch production process. Meanwhile, along with the batch processing, the machine tool cutter can be worn or even damaged, and further the energy consumption of the machine tool is increased and the energy utilization rate is reduced. Therefore, the influence of the process parameters and the tool wear on the numerical control turning batch processing energy consumption and the processing efficiency is considered comprehensively, and the problem to be solved is needed urgently. At present, the research on the wear state and the technological parameters of the cutter mainly aims at analyzing the energy consumption mechanism of a single workpiece machining process, discretizing the wear state of the cutter, and researching the influence of the single specific wear state and the technological parameters on the energy consumption of the machining process. In a large-batch processing process, the wear state of the cutter can be continuously changed along with the processing, and the analysis of the total energy consumption mechanism of the batch processing aiming at the continuous change of the wear state of the cutter is rarely reported, so that the development of the energy consumption model research considering the change of the cutter state and facing the whole batch processing process has important practical significance. Therefore, the method takes numerical control turning batch processing as an example, and researches the problem of optimizing the technological parameters of the numerical control turning batch processing facing energy consumption under the continuous change of the abrasion state of the cutter. Firstly, the system analyzes the mechanism characteristics of the total time and the total energy consumption of the numerical control turning batch processing comprehensively considering the cooperative influence of the cutter abrasion and the process parameters; on the basis, the numerical control turning batch processing process parameter optimization model is established by taking the total batch processing time and the total energy consumption as targets and taking the process parameter sets under different cutter wear as variables.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an energy-saving optimization method for numerical control turning batch processing technological parameters considering cutter abrasion.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the aim of the invention is that the energy-saving optimization method for the numerical control turning batch processing technological parameters considering the cutter abrasion comprises the following steps:
on the basis of analyzing the mechanism characteristics that the total time and the total energy consumption of numerical control turning are influenced by tool wear and technological parameters in a cooperative mode in the batch machining process, an energy-saving optimization model of the numerical control turning batch machining technological parameters considering tool wear is established by taking the minimum total energy consumption and the shortest total time as targets, and optimization solution is carried out by adopting an optimization algorithm.
Preferably, the technological parameters influence cutter abrasion, the technological parameters and the cutter abrasion jointly influence processing energy consumption and processing time, and the numerical control turning batch processing technological parameter energy-saving optimization method considering the cutter abrasion is characterized in that the cutter abrasion is considered in numerical control processing to adjust the technological parameters to realize balance between the processing time and the processing energy consumption; the following assumptions need to be met for adjusting parameters in time for the wear state of the tool to achieve the goals of minimum total energy consumption and minimum time for machining:
1) one batch is processed on one machine tool without being interrupted by other processing tasks, and the cutter for processing the batch can not process other kinds of workpieces;
2) neglecting dimensional and manufacturing errors between each workpiece;
3) errors caused by a production manufacturing process, a machining environment, worker operation and the like to a machining process and a cutter abrasion rule are ignored;
4) each tool task TjThe processing is started by a new cutter;
5) each tool task tool changing standard is VBmax；
6) The technological parameter standard of each replacement is [ delta VB/delta t ].
Preferably, the numerical control turning batch processing technological parameter energy-saving optimization model considering cutter abrasion is characterized in that: the process of establishing the multi-objective optimization model comprehensively considering the cutter abrasion and the process parameters by taking the minimum total energy consumption and the minimum total time of the batch processing as the multi-objective is as follows:
defining a batch processing task as a main task T, wherein a workpiece set I of the main task T is { I ═ Il1, 2, …, N, and a tool set U is U u1, 2, …, V, and VBmaxOne toolThe technological parameter group is X (v)c，f，ap|VBjp) The parameter change standard is [ delta VB/delta t]；
In the main task T, a tool U is usedjMachining, defined as tool task TjAt tool task TjFirstly, the technological parameter X is usedj(vc，f，ap)＝{Xjp(vc，f，ap|VBjp)|p＝1，2，…，QjIs processed, wherein QjThe number of the technological parameters used in the tool task is [ delta VB/delta t ]]jp≥[ΔVB/Δt]When, the replacement process parameter is Xj(p+1)(vc，f，ap|VBj(p+1)) When it is VBj≥VBmaxWhile changing the cutter Uj+1Processing is carried out;
(1) decision variables
The method comprises the following steps: considering the state of wear of the tool, the cutting speed vcFeed speed f, back draft apThree parameters are used as optimization variables, and the decision variable array is X (v)c，f，ap|VBjp)＝{Xjp(vc，f，ap|VBjp)|j∈(1，t)，p∈(1，Qj)}；
(2) Objective function
1) Total energy consumption objective function for batch processing
Figure BDA0002548227130000031
In the formula: etotalIs the total energy consumption of the main task T of the machine tool,
Figure BDA0002548227130000032
energy consumption of the acceleration stage is started for each workpiece main shaft,
Figure BDA0002548227130000033
the energy consumption in the idle load stage is the energy consumption,
Figure BDA0002548227130000034
in order to consume energy in the idle cutting stage,
Figure BDA0002548227130000035
in order to consume energy in the cutting stage,
Figure BDA0002548227130000036
the energy consumption of the machine tool in the stage of disassembling and clamping the workpiece,
Figure BDA0002548227130000037
in order to adjust the energy consumption of the parameter stage,
Figure BDA0002548227130000038
energy consumption is achieved in the tool changing stage for blunting;
energy consumption in tool changing stage of blunt grinding
When the cutter reaches the cutter changing standard VBmaxThe machine tool needs to be stopped for replacing the cutter when the machine tool is required to be stopped, the process of sharpening and changing the cutter comprises cutter detaching, cutter installing and cutter aligning, wherein the machine tool is in a standby state in the cutter detaching and cutter installing stages, and the standby power is PstThe machine tool is in the idle stage in the tool setting stage, and the idle power of the tool setting is Pu：
Figure BDA0002548227130000041
Wherein a is0、a1、a2Are the corresponding coefficients;
dull milling cutter changing time is unit dull milling cutter changing time in cutter task TjThe energy consumption at the blunt tool changing stage is calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000042
wherein:
Figure BDA0002548227130000043
Figure BDA0002548227130000044
wherein, tadtoolFor sharpening the total time of the tool-changing stage, Dint [ A | B ]]Indicating that a or B occurred rounded down.
② energy consumption of parameter adjusting stage
When reaching the parameter changing point [ delta VB/delta t]The process parameter set X needs to be stoppedj(p-1)(vc，f，ap|VBj(p-1)) Adjusting to a process parameter set Xjp(vc，f，ap|VBjp) Processing the next workpiece, and adjusting the parameters while the machine tool is in a standby state with standby power PstTherefore, the energy consumption in the parameter adjusting stage is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000045
wherein:
Figure BDA0002548227130000051
Figure BDA0002548227130000052
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002548227130000053
the abrasion value when the jth knife is processed by using the pth group of process parameters reaches delta VB/delta t for a variable of 0-1]When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
Figure BDA0002548227130000054
otherwise
Figure BDA0002548227130000055
Energy consumption in stage of disassembling and clamping workpiece
When a workpiece is machined, the machine tool is in a standby state, the standby power is PstTherefore, the energy consumption in the stage of disassembling and clamping the workpiece is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000056
fourthly, energy consumption of the main shaft in the starting acceleration stage
Every time a workpiece is machined, the main shaft needs to be started and accelerated to the workpiece task TjpiCorresponding spindle speed njpThe main shaft starting acceleration power is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000057
the time for accelerating the main shaft to the stable rotating speed is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000058
Figure BDA0002548227130000059
comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA00025482271300000510
therefore, the energy consumption of the main shaft in the starting acceleration stage is as follows:
Figure BDA00025482271300000511
in the formula:
Figure BDA00025482271300000512
vcfor a set of process parameters Xjp(vc，f，ap|VBjp) The corresponding cutting speed.
Energy consumption in no-load stage
The idle stage comprises two processes of fast feeding of the machine tool and fast retracting of a tool of the machine tool, wherein in the two processes, a main shaft of the machine tool is in an idle state, and the idle power of the main shaft is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000061
the motion time of the feeding system is short, the feeding power is small and can be ignored, so the energy consumption in the no-load stage is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000062
energy consumption in blank cutting stage
In the idle cutting stage, the main shaft rotates at a speed njpSteady rotation while the feed system is at feed speed fjpGradually moving towards the workpiece, wherein the idle cutting power is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000063
therefore, the energy consumption in the no-load stage is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000064
seventhly, energy consumption in the cutting stage
Cutting phase tool and workpiece surface contact to remove material, for different tool wear states VBjpDifferent subtasks TjpSelecting different technological parameter sets Xjp(vc，f，ap|VBjp) Processing the part, and considering that the wear state of the tool is not changed in one workpiece processing time[9]. Therefore the subtask TjpCutting power of
Figure BDA0002548227130000065
Is a technological parameter set Xjp(vc，f，ap|VBjp) And wear extent VBjpAs a function of (c). At the same time, the additional load power is always generated in the cutting process, and the cutting power
Figure BDA0002548227130000066
Corresponding additional load power
Figure BDA0002548227130000067
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002548227130000068
therefore, the energy consumption in the cutting stage is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000071
wherein:
Figure BDA0002548227130000072
Figure BDA0002548227130000073
Figure BDA0002548227130000074
Figure BDA0002548227130000075
in the formula: uint [ A ]]Rounded up for A, and VB when p is 1jp＝0；MjpFrom VB for tool wear valuejpTo VBj(p+1)The interval is divided into equal parts by taking delta VB as an interval;
Figure BDA0002548227130000076
for tool wear at [ VBjp+(m-1)×ΔVB，VBjp+m×ΔVB]The number of processed pieces therebetween;
in summary, the total energy consumption objective function
Figure BDA0002548227130000077
Wherein t iswsrFor stage time of dismantling-clamping work pieces, PstFor standby power, njpThe spindle rotation speed a corresponding to the p sub-task in the jth tool task0、a1、a2For no-load work of tool settingCoefficient of rate response, LspStarting an accelerating power system structure constant value parameter for a main shaft, wherein t is time,
Figure BDA0002548227130000078
for the fast movement time of the feeding system,
Figure BDA0002548227130000079
in order to realize the quick retraction time of the cutter,
Figure BDA00025482271300000710
free cutting distance, f, for the p-th subtask i-th workpiece task of the j-th tool taskjpFor the feed speed, P, corresponding to the P sub-task of the j tool taskauxTo assist system power, NjpThe number of parts to be machined for the pth subtask of the jth tool task,
Figure BDA0002548227130000081
the cutting power of the ith workpiece task of the p subtask of the jth tool task, c0 and c1 are corresponding coefficients of additional load power,
Figure BDA0002548227130000082
for tool wear at [ VBj(p-1)+(m-1)×ΔVB，VBj(p-1)+m×ΔVB]Number of working pieces in between, tjpiMachining time, t, for the p-th sub-task of the jth tool task and the ith workpiece taskadparIn order to adjust the parameter phase time,
Figure BDA0002548227130000083
is a variable from 0 to 1, and is,
Figure BDA0002548227130000084
in order to realize the quick retraction time of the cutter,
Figure BDA0002548227130000085
in order to grind the time for mounting the cutter,
Figure BDA0002548227130000086
for sharpening tool settingM, TjTo be cut by a cutter UjThe task of the tool for the machining is carried out,
Figure BDA0002548227130000087
the cutting time for the jth tool task.
2) Total time objective function for batch processing
Figure BDA0002548227130000088
In the formula: t is ttotalIn order to provide a total time for the batch processing,
Figure BDA0002548227130000089
in order to dull polish the time for detaching the knife,
Figure BDA00025482271300000810
in order to grind the time for mounting the cutter,
Figure BDA00025482271300000811
for dull tool setting time, tadparTo adjust the parameter phase time, twsrIn order to disassemble and clamp the stage time of the workpiece,
Figure BDA00025482271300000812
starting the acceleration stage time for each workpiece spindle,
Figure BDA00025482271300000813
for the fast movement time of the feeding system,
Figure BDA00025482271300000814
in order to realize the quick retraction time of the cutter,
Figure BDA00025482271300000815
in order to realize the time of the idle cutting stage,
Figure BDA00025482271300000816
is the cutting stage time;
(3) constraint conditions
1) Process parameter ranges
①vc-min≤vc≤vc-max，vc-minAnd vc-maxAllowing minimum and maximum cutting speeds for the machine tool, respectively; and v isc-jp≥vc-j(p+1)，vc-jpIs a process parameter Xjp(vc，f，ap|VBjp) Corresponding to the cutting speed;
②fmin≤f≤fmax，fminand fmaxAllowing minimum and maximum feed amounts for the machine tool, respectively;
③ap-min≤ap≤ap-max，ap-minand ap-maxRespectively allowing minimum and maximum back-cut quantities for the machine tool;
2) threshold value of machine tool performance during machining
④Pc≤ηPmaxη is the machine power efficiency coefficient, PmaxThe maximum power of the machine tool;
⑤
Figure BDA0002548227130000091
CF、XF、YF、nF、KFfor the corresponding cutting force influence index, FcmaxThe maximum cutting force can be provided for the numerical control machine tool;
⑥
Figure BDA0002548227130000092
Msthe maximum cutting torque allowed by the rigidity of the main shaft;
3) number of workpieces and requirements for surface roughness of the work
⑦
Figure BDA0002548227130000093
The total number of pieces of processing should be within the batch requirement number;
⑧VB≤VBmaxthe abrasion loss of the cutter is within the cutter changing standard;
⑨
Figure BDA0002548227130000094
r()is the radius of the cutting edge, [ R ]a]The roughness requirement is indicated for the finished workpiece.
Preferably, the numerical control turning batch processing technological parameter energy-saving optimization method considering cutter abrasion is characterized in that: and performing optimization solution by using an optimization algorithm, including but not limited to an evolutionary algorithm, and processing by using the optimized processing parameters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a batch process
FIG. 2 Power Profile of the machining Process
FIG. 3 tool cutting path diagram
FIG. 4 data acquisition platform
FIG. 5 analysis of tool wear and process parameter significance
FIG. 6 is a drawing of a detail of an end cap and a drawing of an embodiment thereof
FIG. 7 optimization result diagram
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
In the case, a CHK560 numerically controlled lathe produced by a certain machine tool group in Chongqing and a software and hardware integrated machine tool energy efficiency monitoring system independently developed by Chongqing university are taken as platforms, the equipment can acquire and display the total power of the machine tool in real time in the operation process, and simultaneously, a super-depth-of-field three-dimensional microscope system is used for measuring the wear value of the rear tool face of a turning tool, and the data acquisition platform is shown in figure 5.
The Chongqing machine tool is adopted to produce the CHK560 numerical control lathe, the specific parameters are shown in the table 1,
TABLE 1 lathe parameters
Figure BDA0002548227130000101
An excircle turning tool with the model number of CNMG120412-TMT9125 is adopted, and the specific parameters are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 tool parameters
Figure BDA0002548227130000102
The workpiece is used for acquiring relevant data of the experiment, and specific parameters are shown in Table 3
TABLE 3 part parameters
Figure BDA0002548227130000111
The optimization model parameter configuration comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting power and parasitic load power fit
Cutting power
Figure BDA0002548227130000112
With additional load power
Figure BDA0002548227130000113
The relationship is complex, and the data is difficult to be extracted independently, so the method is to
Figure BDA0002548227130000114
And
Figure BDA0002548227130000115
the fitting is carried out on the whole body,
Figure BDA0002548227130000116
the expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000117
while taking into account the tool wear value pair
Figure BDA0002548227130000118
The influence is the tool wear VB and the process parameters (cutting speed vc, feed f, back bite ap)
Figure BDA0002548227130000119
Each factor sets three levels. The details are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 cutting power and additional load power factor level table
Figure BDA00025482271300001110
The L27(34) orthogonal table with a large number of tests is selected for carrying out the experiment, and the experimental result is shown in the table 5, wherein
Figure BDA00025482271300001111
The power of the machine tool in the idle time period,
Figure BDA00025482271300001112
for the cutting period of the machine tool, then
Figure BDA00025482271300001113
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA00025482271300001114
TABLE 5 cutting Power and parasitic load Power test results
Figure BDA00025482271300001115
Figure BDA0002548227130000121
Cutting power taking into account tool wear
Figure BDA0002548227130000122
The expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000123
to obtain finally
Figure BDA0002548227130000124
The expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000125
(2) machine tool no-load power coefficient acquisition
The machine tool spindle is in an idle state, the idle rotation speed N of the machine tool and the corresponding idle power Pu are recorded, and the experimental result is shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 main shaft idle speed and corresponding idle power
Figure BDA0002548227130000126
The no-load power expression obtained by fitting is as follows:
Figure BDA0002548227130000131
(3) tool wear time-varying data acquisition
Fig. 5 is a result of analyzing influence of three process parameters on tool wear, wherein one process parameter is set to be a fixed value in sequence, and influence of the remaining two process parameters on tool wear is analyzed. As can be seen from the figure, under the same processing conditions, the cutting speed has the greatest influence on the tool wear, and the feeding speed and the back-cut amount are the second factor among the three process parameters; therefore, when the feed speed and the back-cut amount are small, the variation in the wear characteristics of the tool is mainly affected by the cutting speed.
Ten sets of cutting speeds (vc is 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, unit m/min) are selected, each set of cutting speeds starts to cut a workpiece by using a new cutter under the same cutting conditions, and cutter wear values are measured at the same time interval delta t, so that time and wear values corresponding to parameter change under each set of cutting speeds are obtained, and are shown in table 7.
TABLE 7 Point Change for Point wear and time
Figure BDA0002548227130000132
(4) Processing information configuration
Table 8 shows the configuration of machining information such as standby power and auxiliary system power during the cutting process.
TABLE 8 Process information parameter configuration
Figure BDA0002548227130000133
The experimental environment is adopted to finish the batch processing of the excircle of the bearing end cover shown in fig. 6, and the processing process is the first step of processing the part, namely 45 steel, which is counted by 2000. The model is solved by Matlab, FIG. 7 is a result graph of the synthetic optimization of Etotal & ttotal and the individual optimization of Etotal and ttotal in the processing process, and comparative analysis is shown in Table 9
TABLE 9 comparative analysis results
Figure BDA0002548227130000141
From the optimization results of fig. 7 and table 9, the following points can be found:
(1) the total time of the individual optimization of ttotal is reduced by 7.17 percent and the total energy consumption is increased by 29.75 percent compared with the comprehensive optimization of Etotal & ttotal.
(2) The total energy consumption of the individual optimization Etotal is reduced by 22.16 percent and the total time is increased by 9.74 percent compared with the comprehensive optimization Etotal & ttotal.
Therefore, the balance between high production efficiency and high energy efficiency in the numerical control turning batch processing is realized through multi-objective optimization, the enterprise is facilitated to pursue and select a more flexible production solution according to different objectives in actual production, and the method has important guiding significance for the sustainable development of the enterprise.
The energy-saving optimization method provided by the invention adjusts the process parameters according to the wear state of the cutter in the batch processing process, thereby prolonging the service life of the cutter, reducing the use number of the cutter, reducing the total processing time, simultaneously enabling the cutter to process more workpieces in a low wear area, and effectively reducing the consumption of the total energy. Compared with a fixed process parameter processing method, the variable process parameter batch processing considering the cutter abrasion has higher energy efficiency and processing efficiency.

Claims (4)

1. The numerical control turning batch processing technological parameter energy-saving optimization method considering cutter abrasion is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
on the basis of analyzing the mechanism characteristics that the total time and the total energy consumption of numerical control turning are influenced by tool wear and technological parameters in a cooperative mode in the batch machining process, an energy-saving optimization model of the numerical control turning batch machining technological parameters considering tool wear is established by taking the minimum total energy consumption and the shortest total time as targets, and optimization solution is carried out by adopting an optimization algorithm.
2. The numerical control turning batch processing process parameter energy-saving optimization method considering tool wear according to claim 1, characterized in that: the technological parameters influence cutter abrasion, the technological parameters and the cutter abrasion jointly influence processing energy consumption and processing time, and the numerical control turning batch processing technological parameter energy-saving optimization method considering the cutter abrasion is characterized in that the cutter abrasion is considered in numerical control processing to adjust the technological parameters to realize balance between the processing time and the processing energy consumption; the following assumptions need to be met for adjusting parameters in time for the wear state of the tool to achieve the goals of minimum total energy consumption and minimum time for machining:
1) one batch is processed on one machine tool without being interrupted by other processing tasks, and the cutter for processing the batch can not process other kinds of workpieces;
2) neglecting dimensional and manufacturing errors between each workpiece;
3) errors caused by a production manufacturing process, a machining environment, worker operation and the like to a machining process and a cutter abrasion rule are ignored;
4) each tool task TjThe processing is started by a new cutter;
5) each tool task tool changing standard is VBmax；
6) The technological parameter standard of each replacement is [ delta VB/delta t ].
3. The numerically controlled turning batch processing process parameter energy-saving optimization model considering tool wear according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for establishing the multi-objective optimization model comprehensively considering the tool wear and the process parameters by taking the minimum total energy consumption and the minimum total time of the batch processing as the multi-objective in claim 1 comprises the following steps:
defining a batch processing task as a main task T, wherein a workpiece set I of the main task T is { I ═ Il1, 2, …, N, and a tool set U is Uu1, 2, …, V, and VBmaxOne process parameter set is X (v)c，f，ap|VBjp) The parameter change standard is [ delta VB/delta t]；
In the main task T, a tool U is usedjMachining, defined as tool task TjAt tool task TjFirstly, the technological parameter X is usedj(vc，f，ap)＝{Xjp(vc，f，ap|VBjp)|p＝1，2，…，QjIs processed, wherein QjThe number of the technological parameters used in the tool task is [ delta VB/delta t ]]jp≥[ΔVB/Δt]When, the replacement process parameter is Xj(p+1)(vc，f，ap|VBj(p+1)) When it is VBj≥VBmaxWhile changing the cutter Uj+1Processing is carried out;
(1) decision variables
The method comprises the following steps: considering the state of wear of the tool, the cutting speed vcFeed speed f, back draft apThree parameters are used as optimization variables, and the decision variable array is X (v)c，f，ap|VBjp)＝{Xjp(vc，f，ap|VBjp)|j∈(1，t)，p∈(1，Qj)}；
(2) Objective function
1) Total energy consumption objective function for batch processing
Figure FDA0002548227120000021
In the formula: etotalIs the total energy consumption of the main task T of the machine tool,
Figure FDA0002548227120000022
energy consumption of the acceleration stage is started for each workpiece main shaft,
Figure FDA0002548227120000023
the energy consumption in the idle load stage is the energy consumption,
Figure FDA0002548227120000024
in order to consume energy in the idle cutting stage,
Figure FDA0002548227120000025
in order to consume energy in the cutting stage,
Figure FDA0002548227120000026
the energy consumption of the machine tool in the stage of disassembling and clamping the workpiece,
Figure FDA0002548227120000027
in order to adjust the energy consumption of the parameter stage,
Figure FDA0002548227120000028
energy consumption is achieved in the tool changing stage for blunting;
2) total time objective function for batch processing
Figure FDA0002548227120000031
In the formula: t is ttotalIn order to provide a total time for the batch processing,
Figure FDA0002548227120000032
in order to dull polish the time for detaching the knife,
Figure FDA0002548227120000033
in order to grind the time for mounting the cutter,
Figure FDA0002548227120000034
for dull tool setting time, tadparTo adjust the parameter phase time, twsrIn order to disassemble and clamp the stage time of the workpiece,
Figure FDA0002548227120000035
starting the acceleration stage time for each workpiece spindle,
Figure FDA0002548227120000036
for the fast movement time of the feeding system,
Figure FDA0002548227120000037
in order to realize the quick retraction time of the cutter,
Figure FDA0002548227120000038
in order to realize the time of the idle cutting stage,
Figure FDA0002548227120000039
is the cutting stage time;
(3) constraint conditions
1) Process parameter ranges
①vc-min≤vc≤vc-max，vc-minAnd vc-maxAllowing minimum and maximum cutting speeds for the machine tool, respectively; and v isc-jp≥vc-j(p+1)，vc-jpIs a process parameter Xjp(vc，f，ap|VBjp) Corresponding to the cutting speed;
②fmin≤f≤fmax，fminand fmaxAllowing minimum and maximum feed amounts for the machine tool, respectively;
③ap-min≤ap≤ap-max，ap-minand ap-maxRespectively allowing minimum and maximum back-cut quantities for the machine tool;
2) threshold value of machine tool performance during machining
④Pc≤ηPmaxη is a machine toolPower efficiency factor, PmaxThe maximum power of the machine tool;
⑤
Figure FDA00025482271200000310
CF、XF、YF、nF、KFfor the corresponding cutting force influence index, FcmaxThe maximum cutting force can be provided for the numerical control machine tool;
⑥
Figure FDA00025482271200000311
Msthe maximum cutting torque allowed by the rigidity of the main shaft;
3) number of workpieces and requirements for surface roughness of the work
⑦
Figure FDA0002548227120000041
The total number of pieces of processing should be within the batch requirement number;
⑧VB≤VBmaxthe abrasion loss of the cutter is within the cutter changing standard;
⑨
Figure FDA0002548227120000042
r()is the radius of the cutting edge, [ R ]a]The roughness requirement is indicated for the finished workpiece.
4. The numerical control turning batch processing process parameter energy-saving optimization method considering tool wear according to claim 1, characterized in that: and performing optimization solution by using an optimization algorithm, including but not limited to an evolutionary algorithm, and processing by using the optimized processing parameters.
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