CN111650889A - Intelligent control method for cutting chatter suppression of five-axis gantry numerical control machining center - Google Patents

Intelligent control method for cutting chatter suppression of five-axis gantry numerical control machining center Download PDF

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CN111650889A
CN111650889A CN202010582631.4A CN202010582631A CN111650889A CN 111650889 A CN111650889 A CN 111650889A CN 202010582631 A CN202010582631 A CN 202010582631A CN 111650889 A CN111650889 A CN 111650889A
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trap
notch filter
frequency
wave
wave trap
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李爱军
赵小雨
黄敏波
孟祥东
杨宗生
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Foshan Pratic CNC Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Foshan Pratic CNC Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4155Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by programme execution, i.e. part programme or machine function execution, e.g. selection of a programme
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/406Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
    • G05B19/4065Monitoring tool breakage, life or condition
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/408Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by data handling or data format, e.g. reading, buffering or conversion of data
    • G05B19/4083Adapting programme, configuration
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03HIMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H21/00Adaptive networks
    • H03H21/0012Digital adaptive filters
    • H03H21/002Filters with a particular frequency response
    • H03H21/0021Notch filters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03HIMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H21/00Adaptive networks
    • H03H21/0012Digital adaptive filters
    • H03H21/0025Particular filtering methods
    • H03H21/0027Particular filtering methods filtering in the frequency domain
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/45Nc applications
    • G05B2219/45136Turning, lathe

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent control method for suppressing cutting chatter of a five-axis gantry numerical control machining center, which is characterized in that the method is based on the detection of rotating speed information of each feeding shaft of a machine tool, and respectively calculates the center frequency, width parameters and depth parameters of an adaptive notch filter according to the online fast Fourier transform result, and embeds the adaptive notch filter module into a servo motor control circuit to trap the current vibration frequency of a feeding servo motor so as to achieve the purpose of suppressing cutting chatter. Therefore, cutting vibration of the machine tool feed shaft in the cutting process is reduced, the workpiece processing quality is improved, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Intelligent control method for cutting chatter suppression of five-axis gantry numerical control machining center
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control of machine tools, in particular to an intelligent control method for suppressing cutting chatter of a five-axis gantry numerical control machining center.
Background
When a machine tool performs product cutting machining, cutting vibration is easily caused due to reasons such as complex workpiece appearance, uneven internal structure, inappropriate cutting amount and machine tool rotation speed selection, and the like. The cutting vibration can affect the normal motion track, so that the quality and the dimensional accuracy of the surface of a machined workpiece are reduced; in addition, the vibration affects the normal cutting conditions of the tool, thereby reducing the service life of the tool, which in turn leads to a reduction in production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an adaptive notch filter technology which is used for inhibiting cutting vibration generated by each feed shaft in the cutting process of a machine tool. Aiming at the vibration suppression of the motion chain of the feed shaft of the machine tool, the speed information of each feed shaft is collected in real time, the speed information is subjected to on-line Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), when the harmonic wave of the speed information in a frequency domain exceeds a certain threshold value, the internal trap function of a servo driver is started, and the resonance frequency of the current of a feed servo motor is trapped, so that the aim of suppressing the cutting vibration is fulfilled.
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention discloses an intelligent control method for suppressing cutting chatter of a five-axis gantry numerical control machining center, which adopts a self-adaptive wave trap to suppress cutting chatter, wherein the wave trap comprises the following steps: the device comprises a rotating speed detection module, a vibration frequency detection module, a speed loop PI regulation module, a self-adaptive notch filter module and a current loop PI regulation module, wherein the rotating speed detection module is used for being connected with a permanent magnet synchronous motor, detecting the space position information of each feeding shaft in real time, and calculating to obtain a rotating speed signal omega and a rotor feedback speed omegafdb(ii) a The vibration frequency detection module receives the feedback speed omega of the rotorfdbWith a reference value omega of the speed of rotationrefPerforming fast Fourier transform on the rotational speed difference value to calculate the vibration frequency; the speed loop PI regulation module is used for giving a given speed reference value omegarefAnd the rotor feedback speed omega output by the rotating speed detection modulefdbPerforming PI regulation on the differenced signal to output a current reference value iref(ii) a The adaptive notch filter module is used for receiving a reference current irefCarrying out self-adaptive notch processing to obtain current i after notch processing*(ii) a A current loop PI regulating module for receiving the current i after trap processing*Performing PI regulation to generate a reference voltage Uref
Furthermore, the adaptive notch filter module adopts a double-T type three-parameter notch filter, and the transfer function is as follows:
Figure BDA0002552957750000021
wherein f is trap central frequency of the trap, unit: hertz (Hz); the width of the trap wave trap, namely the width of two sides when the amplitude is reduced by 3dB by taking the trap wave center frequency as the center, the unit is: hertz (Hz); xi is the notch depth of the wave trap, namely the amplitude ratio of the notch center frequency before and after the notch.
Still further, the adaptive notch filter module includes a notch filter center frequency calculating unit, a notch filter width parameter calculating unit, and a notch filter depth parameter calculating unit, wherein:
the central frequency calculation unit of the wave trap is used for calculating the vibration frequency f output by the vibration frequency detection module according to the input0The center frequency f of the adaptive notch filter is obtained0
The width parameter calculation unit of the wave trap sets a signal threshold value HtIf the frequency point exceeds the threshold, the vibration is considered to be caused, and the frequency point f corresponding to the set threshold is calculated1、f2And calculating the center frequency f of the trap0And taking the difference value of the two threshold frequency points and twice of the larger value of the two threshold frequency points as the width parameter of the wave trap, namely:
=2*max(f0-f1,f0-f2)
the depth parameter calculation unit of the wave trap firstly takes the depth parameter
Figure BDA0002552957750000022
And calculating the maximum amplitude H after the trap0And setting a threshold range [ H ]tl,Hth]Judgment of H0If the current value is not within the threshold range, introducing a correction parameter:
Figure BDA0002552957750000023
the corrected depth parameter is ξfixLambda ξ and calculating the maximum amplitude after the notch until the amplitude H0∈[Htl,Hth]。
The invention further discloses an intelligent control method for suppressing cutting flutter of a five-axis gantry numerical control machining center, which is used for controlling the self-adaptive notch filter and comprises the following steps:
step 1, initializing the wave trap, and controlling a main program after the initialization is finished, wherein the main program detects whether an enabling signal of the wave trap is received, and if the enabling signal is not detected, the control program is always in a detection state until the enabling signal of the wave trap is received;
step 2, after an enabling signal of the wave trap is detected, detecting the condition of sampling points, judging whether the number of the sampling points is equal to the number of preset sampling points or not, if the number of the detected sampling points is not the number of the preset sampling points, returning to the initialization state of the wave trap for re-detection until the number of the detected sampling points is consistent with the number of the preset sampling points, and entering step 3;
step 3, performing online calculation on data acquired by sampling points through an FFT online calculation module, and respectively calculating the center frequency, the width parameter and the depth parameter of the self-adaptive notch filter;
step 4, inputting the parameters calculated in the step 3 into a wave trap to complete the updating of the parameters of the wave trap
And 5, embedding the adaptive notch filter into a servo motor control circuit to notch the current vibration frequency of the feeding servo motor.
Furthermore, the speed information of each feeding shaft is collected in real time, and when the harmonic wave of the speed information in a frequency domain exceeds a preset threshold value, an enabling signal of a wave trap is triggered so as to start an internal wave trapping function of a servo driver and trap the resonant frequency of the current of the feeding servo motor.
Furthermore, the sampling points collect speed information of each feeding shaft and sample speed errors.
The invention further discloses an electronic device comprising:
a processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor;
wherein the processor is configured to perform the above-described adaptive notch filter control method via execution of the executable instructions.
The invention further discloses a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the adaptive notch filter control method described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a servo motor adaptive notch filter technology for suppressing cutting vibration of a machine tool, which is characterized in that the technology is based on the detection of rotating speed information of each feeding shaft of the machine tool, and respectively calculates the center frequency, the width parameter and the depth parameter of an adaptive notch filter according to the online fast Fourier transform result, and the adaptive notch filter module is embedded into a servo motor control circuit to trap the current vibration frequency of a feeding servo motor, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing the cutting vibration. Therefore, cutting vibration of the machine tool feed shaft in the cutting process is reduced, the workpiece processing quality is improved, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. In the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
FIG. 1 is a control circuit diagram of a servo motor adaptive notch filter for suppressing machine tool cutting vibration according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the control of a servo motor adaptive notch filter for suppressing machine tool cutting vibration according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the adaptive notch filter module depth parameter calculation according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a servo motor adaptive wave trap for suppressing machine tool cutting vibration, the wave trap includes: the device comprises a rotating speed detection module, a vibration frequency detection module, a speed loop PI regulation module, a self-adaptive notch filter module and a current loop PI regulation module, wherein the rotating speed detection module is used for being connected with a permanent magnet synchronous motor, detecting the space position information of each feeding shaft in real time, and calculating to obtain a rotating speed signal omega and a rotor feedback speed omegafdb(ii) a The vibration frequency detection module receives the feedback speed omega of the rotorfdbWith a reference value omega of the speed of rotationrefPerforming fast Fourier transform on the rotational speed difference value to calculate the vibration frequency; the speed loop PI regulation module is used for giving a given speed reference value omegarefAnd the rotor feedback speed omega output by the rotating speed detection modulefdbPerforming PI regulation on the differenced signal to output a current reference value iref(ii) a The adaptive notch filter module is used for receiving a reference current irefCarrying out self-adaptive notch processing to obtain current i after notch processing*(ii) a A current loop PI regulating module for receiving the current i after trap processing*Performing PI regulation to generate a reference voltage Uref
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the adaptive notch filter module employs a dual T-type three-parameter notch filter, whose transfer function is:
Figure BDA0002552957750000041
wherein f is trap central frequency of the trap, unit: hertz (Hz); the width of the trap wave trap, namely the width of two sides when the amplitude is reduced by 3dB by taking the trap wave center frequency as the center, the unit is: hertz (Hz); xi is the notch depth of the wave trap, namely the amplitude ratio of the notch center frequency before and after the notch.
Still further, the adaptive notch filter module includes a notch filter center frequency calculating unit, a notch filter width parameter calculating unit, and a notch filter depth parameter calculating unit, wherein:
the central frequency calculation unit of the wave trap is used for calculating the vibration frequency f output by the vibration frequency detection module according to the input0The center frequency f of the adaptive notch filter is obtained0
The width parameter calculation unit of the wave trap sets a signal threshold value HtIf the frequency point exceeds the threshold, the vibration is considered to be caused, and the frequency point f corresponding to the set threshold is calculated1、f2And calculating the center frequency f of the trap0And taking the difference value of the two threshold frequency points and twice of the larger value of the two threshold frequency points as the width parameter of the wave trap, namely:
=2*max(f0-f1,f0-f2)
the depth parameter calculation unit of the wave trap firstly takes the depth parameter
Figure BDA0002552957750000051
And calculating the maximum amplitude H after the trap0And setting a threshold range [ H ]tl,Hth]Judgment of H0If the current value is not within the threshold range, introducing a correction parameter:
Figure BDA0002552957750000052
the corrected depth parameter is ξfixLambda ξ and calculating the maximum amplitude after the notch until the amplitude H0∈[Htl,Hth]。
Example two
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a method for controlling an adaptive notch filter of a servo motor for suppressing cutting vibration of a machine tool, which controls the adaptive notch filter, and includes the following steps:
step 1, initializing the wave trap, and controlling a main program after the initialization is finished, wherein the main program detects whether an enabling signal of the wave trap is received, and if the enabling signal is not detected, the control program is always in a detection state until the enabling signal of the wave trap is received;
step 2, after an enabling signal of the wave trap is detected, detecting the condition of sampling points, judging whether the number of the sampling points is equal to the number of preset sampling points or not, if the number of the detected sampling points is not the number of the preset sampling points, returning to the initialization state of the wave trap for re-detection until the number of the detected sampling points is consistent with the number of the preset sampling points, and entering step 3;
step 3, performing online calculation on data acquired by sampling points through an FFT online calculation module, and respectively calculating the center frequency, the width parameter and the depth parameter of the self-adaptive notch filter;
step 4, inputting the parameters calculated in the step 3 into a wave trap to complete the updating of the parameters of the wave trap
And 5, embedding the adaptive notch filter into a servo motor control circuit to notch the current vibration frequency of the feeding servo motor.
Furthermore, the speed information of each feeding shaft is collected in real time, and when the harmonic wave of the speed information in a frequency domain exceeds a preset threshold value, an enabling signal of a wave trap is triggered so as to start an internal wave trapping function of a servo driver and trap the resonant frequency of the current of the feeding servo motor.
Furthermore, the sampling points collect speed information of each feeding shaft and sample speed errors.
The invention further discloses an electronic device comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to perform the above-described adaptive notch filter control method via execution of the executable instructions.
The invention further discloses a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the adaptive notch filter control method described above.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Although the invention has been described above with reference to various embodiments, it should be understood that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. It is therefore intended that the foregoing detailed description be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting, and that it be understood that it is the following claims, including all equivalents, that are intended to define the spirit and scope of this invention. The above examples are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure. After reading the description of the invention, the skilled person can make various changes or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall into the scope of the invention defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. The intelligent control method for suppressing cutting chatter of the five-axis gantry numerical control machining center is characterized in that a self-adaptive wave trap is adopted for suppressing cutting chatter, and the wave trap comprises the following steps: the device comprises a rotating speed detection module, a vibration frequency detection module, a speed loop PI regulation module, a self-adaptive notch filter module and a current loop PI regulation module, wherein the rotating speed detection module is used for being connected with a permanent magnet synchronous motor, detecting the space position information of each feeding shaft in real time, and calculating to obtain a rotating speed signal omega and a rotor feedback speed omegafdb(ii) a The vibration frequency detection module receives the feedback speed omega of the rotorfdbWith a reference value omega of the speed of rotationrefPerforming fast Fourier transform on the rotational speed difference value to calculate the vibration frequency; the speed loop PI regulation module is used for giving a given speed reference value omegarefAnd the rotor feedback speed omega output by the rotating speed detection modulefdbPerforming PI regulation on the differenced signal to output a current reference value iref(ii) a The adaptive notch filter module is used for receiving a reference current irefCarrying out self-adaptive notch processing to obtain current i after notch processing*(ii) a A current loop PI regulating module for receiving the current i after trap processing*Performing PI regulation to generate a reference voltage Uref
2. The intelligent control method for suppressing cutting chatter of the five-axis gantry numerical control machining center according to claim 1, wherein the adaptive notch filter module adopts a double-T-shaped three-parameter notch filter, and a transfer function of the double-T-shaped three-parameter notch filter is as follows:
Figure FDA0002552957740000011
wherein f is trap central frequency of the trap, unit: hertz (Hz); the width of the trap wave trap, namely the width of two sides when the amplitude is reduced by 3dB by taking the trap wave center frequency as the center, the unit is: hertz (Hz); xi is the notch depth of the wave trap, namely the amplitude ratio of the notch center frequency before and after the notch.
3. The servo motor adaptive notch filter for suppressing vibration of machine tool cutting according to claim 1, wherein the adaptive notch filter module comprises a notch filter center frequency calculating unit, a notch filter width parameter calculating unit, and a notch filter depth parameter calculating unit, wherein:
the central frequency calculation unit of the wave trap is used for calculating the vibration frequency f output by the vibration frequency detection module according to the input0The center frequency f of the adaptive notch filter is obtained0
The width parameter calculation unit of the wave trap sets a signal threshold value HtIf the frequency point exceeds the threshold, the vibration is considered to be caused, and the frequency point f corresponding to the set threshold is calculated1、f2And calculating the center frequency f of the trap0And taking the difference value of the two threshold frequency points and twice of the larger value of the two threshold frequency points as the width parameter of the wave trap, namely:
=2*max(f0-f1,f0-f2)
the depth parameter calculation unit of the wave trap firstly takes the depth parameter
Figure FDA0002552957740000021
And calculating the maximum amplitude H after the trap0And setting a threshold range [ H ]tl,Hth]Judgment of H0If the current value is not within the threshold range, introducing a correction parameter:
Figure FDA0002552957740000022
the corrected depth parameter is ξfixLambda ξ and calculating the maximum amplitude after the notch until the amplitude H0∈[Htl,Hth]。
4. An intelligent control method for suppressing cutting chatter of a five-axis gantry numerical control machining center, which controls the adaptive notch filter of any one of claims 1-3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, initializing the wave trap, and controlling a main program after the initialization is finished, wherein the main program detects whether an enabling signal of the wave trap is received, and if the enabling signal is not detected, the control program is always in a detection state until the enabling signal of the wave trap is received;
step 2, after an enabling signal of the wave trap is detected, detecting the condition of sampling points, judging whether the number of the sampling points is equal to the number of preset sampling points or not, if the number of the detected sampling points is not the number of the preset sampling points, returning to the initialization state of the wave trap for re-detection until the number of the detected sampling points is consistent with the number of the preset sampling points, and entering step 3;
step 3, performing online calculation on data acquired by sampling points through an FFT online calculation module, and respectively calculating the center frequency, the width parameter and the depth parameter of the self-adaptive notch filter;
step 4, inputting the parameters calculated in the step 3 into a wave trap to complete the updating of the parameters of the wave trap
And 5, embedding the adaptive notch filter into a servo motor control circuit to notch the current vibration frequency of the feeding servo motor.
5. The intelligent control method for suppressing cutting chatter vibration of the five-axis gantry numerical control machining center according to claim 4, wherein speed information of each feeding shaft is collected in real time, and when the harmonic wave of the speed information in a frequency domain exceeds a preset threshold value, an enabling signal of a wave trap is triggered to start an internal wave trapping function of a servo driver so as to trap the resonant frequency of the current of a feeding servo motor.
6. The intelligent control method for suppressing cutting chatter vibration of the five-axis gantry numerical control machining center according to claim 4, wherein the sampling points acquire speed information of each feed axis and sample speed errors.
7. An electronic device, comprising:
a processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor;
wherein the processor is configured to execute the intelligent control method for cutting chatter suppression of the five-axis gantry numerically controlled machining center according to any one of claims 4 to 6 through execution of the executable instructions.
8. A computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the intelligent control method for cutting chatter suppression of a five-axis gantry numerically controlled machining center according to any one of claims 4 to 6.
CN202010582631.4A 2020-06-23 2020-06-23 Intelligent control method for cutting chatter suppression of five-axis gantry numerical control machining center Pending CN111650889A (en)

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JP2019209419A (en) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-12 ファナック株式会社 Numerical control device
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116047884A (en) * 2022-10-12 2023-05-02 深圳市大族机器人有限公司 Servo driver parameter self-tuning method and device and computer equipment
CN116047884B (en) * 2022-10-12 2024-02-20 深圳市大族机器人有限公司 Servo driver parameter self-tuning method and device and computer equipment

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