CN111648864B - Flexible bulge structure for variable particle separator center body and design method thereof - Google Patents
Flexible bulge structure for variable particle separator center body and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010057 rubber processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/05—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants having provisions for obviating the penetration of damaging objects or particles
- F02C7/052—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants having provisions for obviating the penetration of damaging objects or particles with dust-separation devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible bulge structure for a central body of a variable particle separator and a design method thereof, wherein the flexible bulge structure comprises the following steps: the flexible bulge is formed by elasticity glued membrane and fibre cord fabric complex, the elasticity glued membrane is formed by rubber processing as base material, has certain thickness and elasticity, fibre cord fabric is reinforcing material, is certain angle fold by fibre cord fabric and arranges to imbed the inside of elasticity glued membrane, fibre cord fabric can warp along with the elasticity glued membrane together, the flexible bulge can reach the highest profile of intake duct when warping the biggest, increases and divides sand efficiency. The particle separator has the functions of separating gravel and adjusting pneumatic performance, and the flexible bulge molded surface of the central body can repeatedly change the shape in a certain range, so that the throat area of the air inlet channel is adjusted, the problem that the molded surface of the conventional bulge air inlet channel is not adjustable is solved, and the sand separation efficiency is increased in an environment with high sand concentration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flexible bulge structure for a central body of a variable particle separator and a design method thereof, belonging to the technical field of structural design of aero-engines.
Background
A helicopter is a common aircraft, mainly benefiting from the flexible flight characteristics that distinguish other aircraft: the device can take off and land in some wide and non-specific places and can stably hover in the air; the method is not limited by landform; the flight path, the flight height, the speed and the attitude can be changed rapidly according to the change of the working condition. Helicopters are often operated in harsh working environments, such as desert regions, offshore areas, forest fires, snow-covered glaciers, and the like. The particulate impurities in these environments, such as sand, salt fog, leaves, ice and snow, are inevitably sucked into the engine, and have a significant influence on the life of the engine. Therefore, it is necessary to add a particle separator to the engine air inlet component to separate and purify the air flow entering the engine.
The variable particle separator sets the inner wall flexible surface bulge as an inflatable airbag bulge so as to meet the use requirements of the engine under different flight environments. Under the flying environment with high sand concentration, the air pressure is added to the bulge air bag, so that the inner wall surface bulges, the sand separation efficiency is increased, and the air inlet pneumatic performance is properly sacrificed; under a good flying environment, the air bag is inflated to reduce the air pressure, so that the inner wall surface of the air bag is inflated to restore the original optimal profile, the total pressure loss and the distortion of the inlet airflow are reduced, and the particle separator keeps higher pneumatic performance.
In order to realize the self-adaptive function of the flexible bulge of the particle separator, the shape and height of the bulge profile need to be repeatedly changed in a large range to adjust the pneumatic load capacity of the air inlet channel, and the flexible bulge has the function of the particle separator. In this case, it is difficult to achieve the design requirement by using the conventional metal material, so that the flexible bulge is an ideal implementation way.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a flexible bulge structure for a central body of a variable particle separator and a design method thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a flexible bulge structure for a central body of a variable particle separator is formed by compounding an elastic rubber film and fiber cord fabric, the initial shape of the flexible bulge structure is consistent with the basic profile of the central body of the variable particle separator, and the flexible bulge structure can reach the highest profile of the central body of the variable particle separator when the flexible bulge structure deforms maximally and plays a role in sand discharge;
the elastic adhesive film is used as a base material of the flexible layer, is processed by rubber, has certain thickness and elasticity, and is used for generating required deformation according to the design requirement of the central body of the variable ion separator and maintaining the surface shape of the flexible bulge;
the fiber cord fabric is used as a reinforcing material, is laid in a multi-layer overlapping mode, is embedded into the elastic adhesive film, can deform along with the elastic adhesive film, is used for improving the rigidity of the flexible bulge, enables the flexible bulge to bear the pneumatic load on the surface of the flexible bulge and meets the pneumatic requirement.
Preferably, the elastic rubber film is processed by natural rubber. The rubber material can also be neoprene or other rubbers, and the rubber material which is suitable for external environmental factors (environments such as humidity resistance, heat resistance, mildew resistance and the like) can be selected according to specific use environments.
Furthermore, the elastic glue film comprises an outer glue layer and an inner glue layer which are respectively covered on the outer side and the inner side of the fiber cord fabric. The outer rubber layer is the second working surface of the central body and mainly plays a role in protecting the reinforcing layer, namely the fiber cord fabric, and the fiber cord fabric has good aging resistance and scratch resistance. The inner rubber layer is a first working surface, the inner surface of the inner rubber layer is a contact surface with internal pressurized gas, and the inner rubber layer is used for sealing and protecting the reinforcing layer.
Further, the fiber cord fabric is made of polyester fibers or nylon fibers, and has better elongation which can reach 20% at most.
Furthermore, the number of the paving layers of the fiber cord fabric is even, the fiber cord fabric is overlapped at a certain angle, and the overlapping angle satisfies the following conditions: the first layer is at an angle of symmetry, e.g. + 30/30, the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer are at an angle of symmetry, e.g. + 60/60, and so on. The change of the laying angle determines the rigidity of the flexible layer, and further influences the height of the profile change.
Furthermore, the flexible bulge is in an eccentric design, namely the molded surfaces are asymmetric, the pneumatic performance is met during the basic molded surface, the highest molded surface is gradually reached after the interior of the inflating hole is inflated, and the requirement of sand discharge in a specific environment is met.
Further, the height of the basic profile is increased by 10% to the highest profile, air can be repeatedly inflated and deflated, and the height error is controlled within 5%.
The design method of the flexible bulge structure for the central body of the variable particle separator comprises the following steps:
1) determining variable particle separator centerbody bulge profile
According to the bulge design requirement of the central body of the variable particle separator, the change requirement of the throat area of an air inlet and the sand discharge efficiency, the bulge molded surface of the central body of the variable particle separator is pneumatically designed to obtain two main molded surfaces which are respectively a basic molded surface and a highest molded surface;
2) determining structural form and material of variable particle separator centerbody
The central body of the variable particle separator consists of a flexible bulge and a metal framework, and the flexible bulge is formed by compounding an elastic rubber film and fiber cord fabric; the metal framework is provided with an inflation hole for applying internal air pressure load to the flexible bulge to realize the deformation of the flexible bulge;
the elastic adhesive film is processed by rubber and comprises an outer adhesive layer and an inner adhesive layer, the rubber material can be natural rubber, chloroprene rubber or other rubber, and rubber suitable for external environmental factors (environments such as humidity resistance, heat resistance, mildew resistance and the like) can be selected according to specific use environments;
the fiber cord fabric is made of a material with high elastic modulus and high deformation rate, and comprises nylon fibers or polyester fibers, and the fiber fabric is made into the impregnated cord fabric;
3) determining the laying mode of the fiber cord fabric
And after the structural design and the material arrangement of the flexible bump are preliminarily completed, performing deformation analysis on the flexible bump by using Abaqus finite element analysis software.
Firstly, a finite element model is established based on the initial state of the bulge molded surface, and the base material and the fiber cord fabric made of high-elastic fiber are simulated in the model at different laying angles and laying layers.
The flexible bump deformation process belongs to large deformation mechanical behavior, so a nonlinear algorithm is adopted for calculation. In consideration of the deformation effect of the air pressure load applied inside on the flexible bulge, calculating the mechanical quantities such as displacement, stress, strain and the like of the flexible bulge in the process of deforming from the basic molded surface to the highest molded surface so as to ensure that the flexible bulge is not damaged in the deformation process and local abnormal deformation of the flexible bulge is not generated in the deformation process;
if the calculation result shows that the deformation profile can not reach the ideal shape, the laying angle and the number of layers of the fiber cord fabric are insufficient, and the finite element model simulation is carried out again after the angle or the number of layers are changed;
after multiple times of local adjustment, calculation and simulation, the laying angle and the number of layers of the fiber cord fabric and the thickness of the elastic adhesive film are determined, and a design scheme of the flexible bulge is formed.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a flexible bulge structure for a central body of a variable particle separator and a design method thereof, which enable the bulge basic profile of an air inlet channel to repeatedly change the height and the shape in a certain range, thereby adjusting the throat area of the air inlet channel, solving the problem that the profile of the conventional particle separator is not adjustable, enabling the air inlet channel to have excellent pneumatic performance in different flight states and sand discharge capacity in specific environments; meanwhile, the flexible bulge can bear the pneumatic load of the air inlet channel and has good engineering practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a variable particle separator model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the center body of the variable particle separator of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a center body of a variable particle separator of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the internal structure of a flexible bulge for a variable particle separator centerbody in accordance with the present invention;
the figure includes: 1. the structure comprises a central body, 2, an outer wall surface, 3, a flow divider, 4, a highest profile, 5, a basic profile, 6, a flexible bulge, 7, a metal framework, 8, an inflation hole, 9, fiber cord fabric, 10, an outer adhesive layer, 11, an inner adhesive layer, 12, first cord fabric, 13, second cord fabric, 14, third cord fabric, 15 and fourth cord fabric.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the variable particle separator is mainly composed of an outer wall surface 2, a flow splitter 3, a central body 1, and the bulge of the central body 1 is of variable profile, mainly having a base profile 5 and an uppermost profile 4. According to the design requirement of the central body of the variable particle separator and the sand discharge requirement of the particle separator, the bulge profile is a three-dimensional profile subjected to pneumatic design.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the variable particle separator center body is comprised of a flexible bulge 6 and a metal skeleton 7. And the flexible bulge 6 is a flexible layer consisting of an elastic glue film and fiber cord fabric 9, namely a variable profile. The metal framework 7 is provided with an inflation hole 8 for pressurizing the interior of the flexible bulge 6 so as to change the profile of the bulge.
The initial shape of the flexible bulge 6 is consistent with the basic profile 5 of the variable particle separator central body, and the flexible bulge can reach the highest profile 4 of the variable particle separator central body when the flexible bulge deforms maximally, so that the sand discharging effect is realized;
the elastic rubber film is used as a base material of the flexible layer, is processed by rubber, comprises an outer rubber layer 10 and an inner rubber layer 11, and is used for generating required deformation according to the design requirement of the central body of the variable ion separator and maintaining the surface shape of the flexible bulge;
the fiber cord fabric 9 is used as a reinforcing material, is laid in a multi-layer overlapping mode, is embedded into the elastic adhesive film, can deform along with the elastic adhesive film, is used for improving the rigidity of the flexible bulge, enables the flexible bulge to bear the pneumatic load on the surface of the flexible bulge and meets the pneumatic requirement.
Further, the number of the laying layers of the fiber cord fabric 9 is even, the fiber cord fabrics are overlapped at a certain angle, and the overlapping angle satisfies the following conditions: the first layer of cord fabric 12 and the second layer of cord fabric 13 are at an angle of symmetry, such as + 30/30, the third layer of cord fabric 14 and the fourth layer of cord fabric 15 are at an angle of symmetry, such as + 60/60, and so on. The change in lay angle determines the amount of stiffness of the flexible layer.
Furthermore, the flexible bulge 6 is in an eccentric design, namely the profiles are asymmetric, the pneumatic performance is met in the basic profile, the highest profile is gradually reached after the interior of the inflating hole is inflated, and the requirement of sand discharge in a specific environment is met.
Further, the height of the basic profile 5 to the highest profile 4 is increased by 10%, air can be repeatedly inflated and deflated, and the height error is controlled within 5%.
The design method of the flexible bulge structure for the central body of the variable particle separator comprises the following steps:
1) determining variable particle separator centerbody bulge profile
According to the bulge design requirement of the central body of the variable particle separator, the change requirement of the throat area of the air inlet and the sand discharge efficiency, the bulge molded surface is pneumatically designed to obtain two main molded surfaces, namely a basic molded surface 5 and a highest molded surface 4. Under the flight environment with high sand concentration, the bulge reaches the highest molded surface 4, the sand separation efficiency can be increased, and the air inlet pneumatic performance is properly sacrificed. Under a good flying environment, the bulge restores the original basic molded surface 5, reduces the total pressure loss and distortion of the intake airflow, and ensures that the particle separator keeps higher pneumatic performance.
2) Determining structural form and material of variable particle separator centerbody
The variable particle separator center body is composed of a flexible bulge 6 and a metal skeleton 7 as shown in fig. 3, and the flexible bulge is composed of an elastic rubber film and a fiber cord fabric 9. The metal framework is used as a part of connecting piece of the whole air inlet channel, and simultaneously plays a role of a carrier of the flexible bulge. The metal framework 7 is provided with an air charging hole 8 for applying internal air pressure load to the flexible layer, so that the flexible bulge 6 can be deformed.
The flexible bulge is used as a base material of the flexible bulge and comprises an outer glue layer and an inner glue layer. The outer rubber layer is the second working surface of the central body and mainly plays a role in protecting the reinforcing layer, namely the fiber cord fabric, and the fiber cord fabric has good aging resistance and scratch resistance. The inner rubber layer is a first working surface, the inner surface of the inner rubber layer is a contact surface with internal pressurized gas, and the inner rubber layer is used for sealing and protecting the reinforcing layer. The rubber material can be natural rubber, chloroprene rubber or other rubber, and can also be selected to adapt to external environmental factors (environments such as humidity resistance, mold resistance and the like) according to specific use environments.
At the same time, the flexible bulge also needs to have sufficient rigidity, especially in the flexible layer on the windward side (left side), which is greater to maintain the eccentric profile.
The fiber cord fabric is made of high elastic modulus and high deformation rate material, and may be nylon fiber, polyester fiber and other fabric fiber.
3) Determining the laying angle of a fibre cord fabric
The deformation of the flexible bump, its displacement, stress, strain and other mechanical quantities mainly depend on the material properties (such as elastic modulus, poisson's ratio) of the fiber cord fabric, and the laying angle and the laying layer number of the fiber cord fabric, as shown in fig. 4.
And after the structural design and the material arrangement of the flexible bump are preliminarily completed, performing deformation analysis on the flexible bump by using Abaqus finite element analysis software.
Firstly, a finite element model is established based on the initial state of the bulge molded surface, and the base material and the fiber cord fabric made of high-elastic fiber are simulated in the model at different laying angles and laying layers.
The flexible bump deformation process belongs to large deformation mechanical behavior, so a nonlinear algorithm is adopted for calculation. And calculating the mechanical quantities such as displacement, stress, strain and the like of the flexible bulge in the process of deforming from the basic molded surface to the highest molded surface by considering the deformation action of the internal applied air pressure load on the flexible bulge.
The flexible bulge is not damaged in the deformation process. If the calculation result shows that the deformation profile cannot reach the ideal shape, the fiber laying angle and the number of layers of the flexible layer are insufficient, the angle or the number of layers needs to be changed, and then the finite element model simulation is carried out again.
The flexible bulge should not have local abnormal deformation during the deformation process. Along with the increase gradually of the atmospheric pressure load of inside application, the deformation height also is increasing, keeps eccentric form simultaneously, does benefit to the pneumatic demand that satisfies the intake duct simultaneously of sand separation processing.
After multiple times of local adjustment, calculation and simulation, the laying angle and the number of layers of the fiber cord fabric and the thickness of the elastic adhesive film are determined, and a design scheme of the flexible bulge is formed.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A flexible bulge structure for a variable particle separator central body is characterized in that the flexible bulge is formed by compounding an elastic rubber film and fiber curtain cloth, the initial shape of the flexible bulge is consistent with the basic profile of the variable particle separator central body, and the flexible bulge reaches the highest profile of the variable particle separator central body when the deformation is maximum;
the elastic rubber film is processed by rubber and used for generating required deformation according to the design requirement of the central body of the variable ion separator and maintaining the surface shape of the flexible bulge;
the fiber cord fabric is used as a reinforcing material, is laid in a multi-layer overlapping manner, is embedded into the elastic adhesive film, and is used for improving the rigidity of the flexible bulge, so that the flexible bulge can bear the pneumatic load on the surface of the flexible bulge and meet the pneumatic requirement;
the number of the paving layers of the fiber cord fabric is even, the fiber cord fabric is overlapped at a certain angle, and the overlapping angle satisfies the following conditions: the first layer of cord fabric and the second layer of cord fabric are at a symmetrical angle, the third layer of cord fabric and the fourth layer of cord fabric are at a symmetrical angle, and the rest can be done in the same way.
2. A flexible bulge structure for a variable particle separator center body in accordance with claim 1, wherein said elastomeric membrane is machined from natural rubber.
3. The flexible bulge structure for the central body of the variable particle separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elastic rubber film comprises an outer rubber layer and an inner rubber layer respectively coated on the outer side and the inner side of the fiber cord fabric.
4. A flexible bulge structure for a variable particle separator center body as claimed in claim 1 wherein said fiber drape is made of polyester or nylon fibers with an elongation of up to 20%.
5. A flexible bulge structure for a variable particle separator centerbody in accordance with claim 1 wherein said flexible bulge is of an eccentric design, i.e. asymmetric in profile.
6. A flexible bulge structure for a variable particle separator centerbody in accordance with claim 1 wherein said base profile is increased by 10% up to a maximum profile with a height tolerance within 5%.
7. A method of designing a flexible bulge structure for a centerbody of a variable particle separator according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
1) determining variable particle separator centerbody bulge profile
According to the bulge design requirement of the central body of the variable particle separator, the change requirement of the throat area of an air inlet and the sand discharge efficiency, the bulge molded surface of the central body of the variable particle separator is pneumatically designed to obtain two main molded surfaces which are respectively a basic molded surface and a highest molded surface;
2) determining structural form and material of variable particle separator centerbody
The central body of the variable particle separator comprises a flexible bulge and a metal framework, and the flexible bulge is formed by compounding an elastic rubber film and fiber cord fabric; the metal framework is provided with an inflation hole for applying internal air pressure load to the flexible bulge to realize the deformation of the flexible bulge;
the elastic adhesive film is formed by processing rubber and comprises an outer adhesive layer and an inner adhesive layer, and a rubber material which is suitable for external environmental factors is selected according to the use environment;
the fiber cord fabric is made of a material with high elastic modulus and high deformation rate, and comprises nylon fibers or polyester fibers, and the fiber fabric is made into the impregnated cord fabric;
3) determining the laying mode of the fiber cord fabric
After the structural design and the material arrangement of the flexible bump are preliminarily finished, performing deformation analysis on the flexible bump by using Abaqus finite element analysis software;
firstly, establishing a finite element model based on the initial state of a bulge molded surface, and simulating a base material and fiber cord fabric made of high-elastic fibers in the model at different laying angles and laying layers;
considering the deformation effect of the air pressure load applied inside on the flexible bulge, calculating the displacement, stress and strain of the flexible bulge in the process of deforming from the basic molded surface to the highest molded surface by adopting a nonlinear algorithm so as to ensure that the flexible bulge is not damaged in the deformation process and the flexible bulge is not subjected to local abnormal deformation in the deformation process;
if the calculation result shows that the deformation profile can not reach the ideal shape, the laying angle and the number of layers of the fiber cord fabric are insufficient, and the finite element model simulation is carried out again after the angle or the number of layers are changed;
after multiple times of local adjustment, calculation and simulation, the laying angle and the number of layers of the fiber cord fabric and the thickness of the elastic adhesive film are determined, and a design scheme of the flexible bulge is formed.
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