CN111646963A - Preparation method of-cyclopentanolide - Google Patents

Preparation method of-cyclopentanolide Download PDF

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CN111646963A
CN111646963A CN202010609330.6A CN202010609330A CN111646963A CN 111646963 A CN111646963 A CN 111646963A CN 202010609330 A CN202010609330 A CN 202010609330A CN 111646963 A CN111646963 A CN 111646963A
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hypochlorite
cyclopentanolide
reaction
dichloromethane
temperature
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CN111646963B (en
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龚华银
罗恒强
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Taizhou Yojoy Pharmaceutical Co ltd
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D309/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D309/16Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D309/28Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D309/30Oxygen atoms, e.g. delta-lactones

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of chemical synthesis, and particularly relates to a preparation method of-cyclopentanolide, which comprises the steps of taking 1, 5-pentanediol and hypochlorite aqueous solution as raw materials, taking dichloromethane as a solvent, and carrying out an oxidation reaction under an alkaline condition, wherein the reaction temperature of the oxidation reaction is 5-30 ℃, and the reaction time is 10-60 minutes; the concentration of the hypochlorite aqueous solution is 3-10%, and the feeding mode is dropwise adding; the alkaline reagent for generating alkaline condition in the reaction is selected from potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, pyridine and triethylamine. The preparation method of the-cyclopentanolide provided by the invention can complete the reaction in a non-gaseous phase low-temperature environment, and the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and the process is simple, so that the preparation method is suitable for industrial production.

Description

Preparation method of-cyclopentanolide
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of chemical synthesis, and particularly relates to a preparation method of-cyclopentanolide.
Background
The-cyclopentanolidone (valactone) also known as tetrahydro-alpha-pyrone (tetrahydroxy-alpha-pyrone) is an important organic intermediate raw material and is widely applied to the fields of medicines, coatings, adhesives and other fields, only a few companies in America and Germany produce the material internationally, and the national demand mainly depends on import. The structure of cyclopentanolactone is as follows:
Figure BDA0002560375250000011
at present, the literature reports that the preparation method of the cyclopentanolide is mainly obtained by performing Baeyer-Villiger oxidation reaction on cyclopentanone or performing dehydrogenation reaction on 1,5 pentanediol. Wherein, the cyclopentanone in the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation reaction is limited by petrochemical products and has narrow raw material source; and the use of peroxy acid in the reaction leads to great environmental protection pressure and is not beneficial to sustainable development, so the Baeyer-Villiger method for preparing valerolactone is not widely used in industry. The method for generating the-cyclopentanolide by taking the 1, 5-pentanediol as the raw material through oxidative dehydrogenation is widely applied to industrial production due to the advantages of simple method, mild reaction conditions, low cost and the like.
However, the existing methods for preparing the-cyclopentanolide all require 1, 5-pentanediol to be finished under a specific high-temperature condition, and ensure that the reaction is a gas-phase dehydrogenation reaction, and if the temperature is lower, the reaction conversion rate is low.
For example, JP2012056927 discloses a method for producing valerolactone by dehydrogenation of 1, 5-pentanediol, which uses a catalyst Cu/Al2O3 and needs to be completed at a relatively high temperature, and in the disclosed example, the reaction temperature needs to be maintained at 260 ℃, and n-pentanoic acid is produced as a byproduct in the reaction product, which corrodes the reactor and makes the product separation difficult. US20110237806 discloses the same preparation method, which uses two stages of copper-based catalysts, the first stage catalyst is Cu-NaO/SiO2, the bed temperature is 300 ℃, the second stage catalyst is Cu-NaO-CaO/SiO2, the bed temperature is 260 ℃, and the reaction is carried out under normal pressure. In the disclosed examples, the conversion of 1, 5-pentanediol can reach 99%, and the selectivity of valerolactone is about 96%. CN103980241A also provides the same preparation method, except that the patent firstly carries out dehydration of 1, 5-pentanediol, obtains-valerolactone at a water content of less than 0.05 wt%, namely 500wppm, and then at 230-270 ℃ under the action of a dehydrogenation catalyst, wherein the dehydrogenation catalyst is a copper-based catalyst doped with Ag.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of-cyclopentanolide, which can complete the reaction in a non-gaseous phase low-temperature environment, and has the advantages of cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, simple process and suitability for industrial production.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of-cyclopentanolide comprises the steps of taking 1, 5-pentanediol and hypochlorite aqueous solution as raw materials, taking dichloromethane as a solvent, and carrying out an oxidation reaction under an alkaline condition, wherein the reaction temperature of the oxidation reaction is 5-30 ℃.
The hypochlorite aqueous solution is selected from the group consisting of lithium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite, and calcium hypochlorite aqueous solutions. The aqueous hypochlorite solution may be selected from one of the above agents or a combination of a plurality of agents, preferably sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite.
The concentration of the aqueous hypochlorite solution is 3% to 10%, preferably 5%, and the method for producing the aqueous hypochlorite solution is a method known in the art.
The alkaline reagent for generating alkaline condition in the above reaction is selected from potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, pyridine, and triethylamine. The alkaline agent may be selected from one of the above-mentioned agents, or may be selected from a combination of a plurality of the agents.
The feeding mode of the 1, 5-pentanediol, the hypochlorite aqueous solution, the dichloromethane and the alkaline reagent is as follows: firstly putting dichloromethane, alkaline reagent and 1, 5-pentanediol into a reaction vessel, and then slowly dropwise adding hypochlorite aqueous solution, wherein the temperature of the reaction vessel is controlled to be 5-30 ℃ all the time.
After the hypochlorite aqueous solution is dripped, the reaction is carried out for 10 to 60 minutes under the condition of heat preservation, and the reaction temperature of the heat preservation reaction is 5 to 30 ℃.
The mass ratio of the 1, 5-pentanediol to the hypochlorite aqueous solution to the dichloromethane to the alkaline reagent is 1:8-15: 5-10: 0.1-0.3.
The invention also provides a post-processing method: and after the oxidation reaction is finished, the reaction solution is layered, the water layer is removed, the dichloromethane is concentrated in the organic layer at normal pressure, and the residual material is continuously subjected to a rectifying tower to separate low-boiling-point substances such as dichloromethane and the like to obtain the cyclopentanolide.
The concentration temperature of the dichloromethane concentrated under normal pressure is 30-80 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of-cyclopentanolide, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method adopts hypochlorite for oxidative dehydrogenation, the whole oxidation reaction is carried out in a non-gaseous phase low-temperature environment, the process condition is simpler and milder, the operation is more convenient, and the method has good industrialized conditions; the hypochlorite raw material is easy to obtain, the price is low, and the hypochlorite has good economic value.
2. The invention carries out post-treatment by a mode of concentrating first and then rectifying, and has the advantages of simple process, good purification effect, convenient operation and easy operation.
3. The method has the advantages of high reaction selectivity of hypochlorite oxidative dehydrogenation, convenient separation and treatment of byproduct inorganic chloride, easy batch production, higher product purity and higher yield. The total yield is more than or equal to 90 percent, and the GC purity is more than or equal to 99 percent. Not only solves the technical problem of low conversion rate of the 1, 5-pentanediol under the low temperature condition, but also has simple process, easy treatment of three wastes, good economic value and suitability for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in the following description of the specific embodiments, which is not intended to limit the invention, but various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art based on the basic idea of the invention, but the scope of the invention is within the scope of the invention as long as they do not depart from the basic idea of the invention.
The various starting materials and reagents used in the examples of the present invention were all commercially available unless otherwise specified.
In the examples-the gas chromatography detection instrument and method for cyclopentanolactone were:
instrument for measuring the position of a moving object Gas chromatograph
Chromatographic column KB-WAX 30m×0.53mm,0.5μm
Detector FID
Column temperature The initial temperature was 120 ℃ and held for 2 minutes; raising the temperature to 240 ℃ at a speed of 8 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 8 minutes
Sample introduction temperature 260℃
Detecting temperature 280℃
Carrier gas Nitrogen 0.04MPa
Hydrogen gas 0.15MPa
Air (a) 0.15MPa
Sample volume 0.1μL
Example 1
1000kg of dichloromethane, 30kg of potassium carbonate and 100kg of 1, 5-pentanediol are sequentially added into a reaction vessel, the temperature is raised to 25 ℃, then 2500kg of 5% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution is slowly dripped into the reaction vessel at the temperature of 25 ℃, and the reaction vessel is kept at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 35 minutes after dripping. After the heat preservation is finished, the reaction liquid is layered, a water layer is removed, an organic layer is concentrated at 60 ℃ under normal pressure to about 975kg of dichloromethane, the rest materials are continuously subjected to a rectifying tower to separate low-boiling-point substances such as about 15kg of dichloromethane and the like to obtain 88kg of-cyclopentanolactone, the total yield is 91%, and the GC purity of the-cyclopentanolactone is 99.5% through detection.
Example 2
550kg of dichloromethane, 10kg of sodium hydroxide and 100kg of 1, 5-pentanediol are sequentially added into a reaction vessel, the reaction vessel is cooled to 10 ℃, 2600kg of 5% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution is slowly dripped into the reaction vessel at the temperature of 10 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10 minutes at 10 ℃ after the dripping is finished. After the heat preservation is finished, the reaction liquid is layered, a water layer is removed, an organic layer is concentrated to 530kg of dichloromethane under the normal pressure at the temperature of 45 ℃, the rest is continuously subjected to a rectifying tower to separate low-boiling-point substances such as 15kg of dichloromethane and the like, 90kg of cyclopentanolide is obtained, the total yield is 93%, and the GC purity of the cyclopentanolide is 99.6% through detection.
Example 3
750kg of dichloromethane, 20kg of calcium hydroxide and 100kg of 1, 5-pentanediol are sequentially added into a reaction vessel, the temperature is cooled to 5 ℃, 2800kg of 5% calcium hypochlorite aqueous solution is slowly dripped into the reaction vessel at the temperature of 8 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 45 minutes at the temperature of 5 ℃ after dripping. And (3) after heat preservation is finished, layering the reaction liquid, removing a water layer, concentrating an organic layer at 50 ℃ under normal pressure to obtain about 725kg of dichloromethane, continuously separating the rest materials through a rectifying tower to obtain low-boiling-point substances such as about 15kg of dichloromethane and the like to obtain 91kg of cyclopentanolide, wherein the total yield is 95%, and the GC purity of the cyclopentanolide is 99.8% through detection.
Example 4
550kg of dichloromethane, 20kg of pyridine and 100kg of 1, 5-pentanediol are sequentially added into a reaction vessel, the reaction vessel is cooled to 15 ℃, 3000kg of 5% calcium hypochlorite aqueous solution is slowly dripped into the reaction vessel at the temperature of 15 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 45 minutes at 15 ℃ after dripping. After the heat preservation is finished, the reaction liquid is layered, a water layer is removed, an organic layer is concentrated to about 530kg of dichloromethane under the normal pressure at the temperature of 50 ℃, the rest is continuously subjected to a rectifying tower to separate low-boiling-point substances such as about 15kg of dichloromethane and the like, and 86kg of cyclopentanolactone is obtained, the total yield is 90%, and the GC purity of the cyclopentanolactone is 99.5% through detection.
Example 5
500kg of dichloromethane, 20kg of triethylamine and 100kg of 1, 5-pentanediol are sequentially added into a reaction vessel, the temperature is raised to 30 ℃, 2800kg of 5% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution is slowly dripped at the temperature of 28 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 60 minutes at 30 ℃ after dripping. And (3) after the heat preservation is finished, layering the reaction liquid, removing a water layer, concentrating an organic layer at 50 ℃ under normal pressure to obtain 475kg of dichloromethane, continuously separating the rest materials through a rectifying tower to obtain low-boiling-point substances such as 15kg of dichloromethane and the like to obtain 90kg of cyclopentanolide, wherein the total yield is 93%, and the GC purity of the cyclopentanolide is 99.6% through detection.
It should be understood, however, that while the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of-cyclopentanolide is characterized in that 1, 5-pentanediol and hypochlorite aqueous solution are used as raw materials, dichloromethane is used as a solvent, and an oxidation reaction is carried out under an alkaline condition, wherein the reaction temperature of the oxidation reaction is 5-30 ℃.
2. The method for preparing cyclopentanolide, according to claim 1, wherein the hypochlorite is selected from one or more of lithium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite, and calcium hypochlorite, and the concentration of the aqueous solution is 3% to 10%.
3. A process according to claim 2, wherein the hypochlorite is sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite, and the concentration of the aqueous solution is 5%.
4. A process according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline reagent which produces alkaline conditions during the reaction is selected from the group consisting of potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, pyridine and triethylamine.
5. The method for preparing cyclopentanolide according to claim 4, wherein the feeding method of the 1, 5-pentanediol, the aqueous hypochlorite solution, the dichloromethane and the alkaline agent is: firstly putting dichloromethane, alkaline reagent and 1, 5-pentanediol into a reaction vessel, and then slowly dropwise adding hypochlorite aqueous solution, wherein the temperature of the reaction vessel is controlled to be 5-30 ℃ all the time.
6. The method for preparing cyclopentanolide according to claim 4, wherein the aqueous hypochlorite solution is reacted for 10-60 minutes at a temperature of 5-30 ℃.
7. The method for preparing-cyclopentanolide according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of 1, 5-pentanediol, the aqueous hypochlorite solution, dichloromethane, and the alkaline agent is 1:8-15: 5-10: 0.1-0.3.
8. The method for preparing-cyclopentanolide according to claim 1, wherein after the oxidation reaction is completed, the reaction solution is separated into layers, the aqueous layer is discarded, the organic layer is first concentrated with dichloromethane at normal pressure, and the remainder is further passed through a rectifying column to separate out low-boiling-point substances, thereby obtaining-cyclopentanolide.
9. The method for preparing cyclopentanolide according to claim 8, wherein the atmospheric concentrated dichloromethane has a concentration temperature of 30-80 ℃.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115819388A (en) * 2021-09-17 2023-03-21 台州学院 Preparation method of delta-cyclopentanolide

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CN106831675A (en) * 2015-12-04 2017-06-13 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 A kind of method that iron catalysis dihydroxylic alcohols intramolecular cyclization prepares lactone

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US5106995A (en) * 1989-05-05 1992-04-21 Isp Investments Inc. Production of lactones from diols
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CN106831675A (en) * 2015-12-04 2017-06-13 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 A kind of method that iron catalysis dihydroxylic alcohols intramolecular cyclization prepares lactone

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115819388A (en) * 2021-09-17 2023-03-21 台州学院 Preparation method of delta-cyclopentanolide
WO2023040101A1 (en) * 2021-09-17 2023-03-23 台州学院 METHOD FOR PREPARING δ-VALEROLACTONE
CN115819388B (en) * 2021-09-17 2024-06-11 台州学院 Preparation method of delta-cyclopentalactone

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