CN111646771A - Solid-phase foaming fly ash non-sintered ceramsite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Solid-phase foaming fly ash non-sintered ceramsite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111646771A CN111646771A CN202010552750.5A CN202010552750A CN111646771A CN 111646771 A CN111646771 A CN 111646771A CN 202010552750 A CN202010552750 A CN 202010552750A CN 111646771 A CN111646771 A CN 111646771A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/0263—Hardening promoted by a rise in temperature
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of non-burnt ceramsite, and more particularly relates to a solid-phase foamed fly ash non-burnt ceramsite and a preparation method thereof, wherein the solid-phase foamed fly ash non-burnt ceramsite is prepared by adding water into raw materials of fly ash, starch, calcium oxide, desulfurized gypsum and sodium perborate for granulation, the process is simple, high-temperature calcination is not required in the preparation process, and the preparation method is energy-saving and environment-friendly; the unique efficient foaming process can form holes in the inside and on the surface of the ceramsite in a solid phase state, so that the obtained ceramsite product has high porosity, can effectively realize water and fertilizer conservation, and also reduces the stacking density of the ceramsite; residual sodium borate after decomposition of the foaming agent sodium perborate can be used as a plant to provide trace elements such as boron and the like; the starch contained in the material can improve the microbial affinity of the material, and on the other hand, the starch can release a small amount of pores after being degraded in the environment, so that the porosity of the material is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of non-sintered ceramsite, and particularly relates to solid-phase foamed fly ash non-sintered ceramsite and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ceramsite has rich pores and has the effects of water and fertilizer retention; meanwhile, the culture medium has certain strength and adjustable particle size, and is an excellent horticultural culture medium. However, most of the horticultural ceramsite in the current market is sintered ceramsite, which needs to be calcined at a temperature of over 1000 ℃, so that the horticultural ceramsite has high cost and is not energy-saving and environment-friendly. Therefore, there is a need to develop a non-sintered ceramsite prepared at a low temperature.
The invention with the publication number of CN102701785A discloses a preparation method of fly ash non-sintered ceramsite, which takes fly ash, cement, metal sulfide and the like as main raw materials, and prepares the non-sintered ceramsite after granulation and autoclaved curing, but the method is lack of the process of foaming and pore-forming, and the prepared ceramsite has higher density and undeveloped pores.
The invention with the publication number of CN106220011A discloses a preparation method of gardening hollow non-sintered ceramsite, which is characterized in that the ceramsite is prepared by using sawdust as a core and wrapping a ceramsite shell on the outer layer, and the hollow non-sintered ceramsite is obtained after the sawdust core is degraded.
The invention patent with publication number CN105060923A discloses a preparation method of light non-fired ceramsite, which uses aluminum powder to foam for pore-forming, but the aluminum powder as a pore-forming agent can generate hydrogen after being fully contacted and reacted with alkali, thereby generating bubbles and forming pores. The ceramsite green ball is solid and contains a small amount of water, but the sufficient contact and reaction between aluminum powder and alkali cannot be guaranteed, so that the foaming and pore-forming effects are poor.
In conclusion, the abundant pore structures are important conditions for ensuring that the ceramsite has high-efficiency water and fertilizer retention capacity so as to be applied to the field of gardening, and the problem of the current preparation field of non-fired ceramsite is to find a novel high-efficiency technical means suitable for pore-forming of raw ceramsite spheres.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solid-phase foaming fly ash non-fired ceramsite with high porosity and strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, which adopts a new foaming material and technology and provides a novel solid-phase foaming fly ash non-fired ceramsite and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of solid-phase foamed fly ash unfired ceramsite comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 30-75 parts of fly ash, 10-35 parts of starch, 10-40 parts of calcium oxide, 1-2 parts of desulfurized gypsum and 5-20 parts of sodium perborate according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s2, putting the mixed material in the S1 into a disc granulator, and spraying 30-50 parts by weight of water into the granulator at a flow rate of 1-5 parts per minute to obtain ceramsite green pellets;
s3, sieving the ceramsite green pellets in the S2 to obtain ceramsite green pellets with the particle size of 8-20 mm;
s4, placing the ceramsite green pellets in the step S3 into a steam curing device for curing, wherein the air humidity in the curing device is more than 70%, and the curing temperature program is as follows: curing at 40-70 ℃ for 0.5-2h, curing at 70-100 ℃ for 2-4h, oxidizing at 150-.
Further, the water temperature is below 15 ℃.
Further, the rotating speed of the disc granulator is 20-50 revolutions per minute, and the inclination angle is 30-50 degrees.
The solid-phase foamed fly ash non-fired ceramsite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-75 parts of fly ash, 10-35 parts of starch, 10-40 parts of calcium oxide, 1-2 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of sodium perborate and 30-50 parts of water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a solid-phase foamed fly ash non-burnt ceramsite and a preparation method thereof. The sodium perborate is stable at room temperature, but can generate decomposition reaction at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ to generate oxygen and sodium borate, and the oxygen forms bubbles in the ceramsite, thereby realizing pore forming. The self-decomposition characteristic of the heated sodium perborate ensures the foaming strength and the pore-forming effect. In order to improve the plasticity of the ceramsite and enhance the stability of air bubbles in the ceramsite, a small amount of starch is doped, raw starch is heated in water until the micelle structure is completely collapsed, and starch molecules form single molecules and are surrounded by the water to form a solution state. The starch molecules are chain-shaped or branched and mutually dragged to form a pasty solution with viscosity after being heated, so that a pseudoplastic fluid is formed. The pseudoplastic fluid has no yield stress, has viscosity, and has equivalent plasticity and foam stabilizing capability. Therefore, the starch is added into the raw materials, and the plasticity and the foam stabilizing capability of the material can be obviously improved. In order to prevent the sodium perborate from being decomposed by preheating during the preparation process, the water in the raw materials is required to be cold water and less than 15 ℃. In order to decompose the sodium perborate at a suitable rate, the sodium perborate should be cured at 40-70 deg.C for 0.5-2 h. In order to allow the added starch to be cooked, curing is required for 2-4h at 70-100 ℃. In order to accelerate the hydration of the material, the curing is required to be carried out for 8-12h at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ in a humidity environment of more than 70 percent. The process is simple, high-temperature calcination is not needed in the preparation process, and the preparation method is energy-saving and environment-friendly; the unique efficient foaming process can form holes in the inside and on the surface of the ceramsite in a solid phase state, so that the obtained ceramsite product has high porosity, can effectively realize water and fertilizer conservation, and also reduces the stacking density of the ceramsite; residual sodium borate after decomposition of the foaming agent sodium perborate can be used as a plant to provide trace elements such as boron and the like; the starch contained in the material can improve the microbial affinity of the material, and on the other hand, the starch can release a small amount of pores after being degraded in the environment, so that the porosity of the material is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microscopic view of the solid-phase foamed fly ash unburned ceramsite prepared by the method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the solid-phase foamed fly ash unfired ceramsite in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
1) weighing 30 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of starch, 10 parts of calcium oxide, 1 part of desulfurized gypsum, 5 parts of sodium perborate and 30 parts of cold water at the temperature of 5 ℃ according to the parts by weight;
2) uniformly mixing the raw materials except the cold water in the step 1) to obtain a mixed material;
3) putting the mixed material obtained in the step 2) into a disc granulator, enabling the granulator to work at an inclination angle of 30 degrees and a rotating speed of 20 revolutions per minute, and spraying the cold water obtained in the step 1) into the granulator at a flow rate of 1 part per minute to obtain ceramsite green balls;
4) sieving the ceramsite green balls in the step 3) to obtain ceramsite green balls with the particle size of 8-20 mm;
5) placing the ceramsite green pellets in the step 4) into a steam curing device for curing, wherein the air humidity in the curing device is 70%, and the curing temperature program is as follows: curing at 40 ℃ for 0.5h, then curing at 70 ℃ for 2h, then curing at 150 ℃ for 8h, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the solid-phase foamed fly ash unfired ceramsite, wherein the porosity of the solid-phase foamed fly ash unfired ceramsite can reach 42%.
Example 2
The preparation method of the solid-phase foamed fly ash unfired ceramsite in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
1) weighing 75 parts of fly ash, 35 parts of starch, 40 parts of calcium oxide, 2 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 20 parts of sodium perborate and 50 parts of cold water at the temperature of 15 ℃ as raw materials in parts by weight;
2) uniformly mixing the raw materials except the cold water in the step 1) to obtain a mixed material;
3) putting the mixed material obtained in the step 2) into a disc granulator, enabling the granulator to work at an inclination angle of 50 degrees and a rotating speed of 50 revolutions per minute, and spraying the cold water obtained in the step 1) into the granulator at a flow rate of 5 parts per minute to obtain ceramsite green balls;
4) sieving the ceramsite green balls in the step 3) to obtain ceramsite green balls with the particle size of 8-20 mm;
5) placing the ceramsite green pellets in the step 4) into a steam curing device for curing, wherein the air humidity in the curing device is 95%, and the curing temperature program is as follows: curing at 70 ℃ for 2h, then curing at 100 ℃ for 4h, then curing at 200 ℃ for 12h, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the solid-phase foamed fly ash unburned ceramsite, wherein the porosity of the ceramsite can reach 46%.
Example 3
The preparation method of the solid-phase foamed fly ash unfired ceramsite in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
1) weighing 50 parts of fly ash, 20 parts of starch, 30 parts of calcium oxide, 1.5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 10 parts of sodium perborate and 40 parts of cold water at the temperature of 15 ℃ according to the parts by weight;
2) uniformly mixing the raw materials except the cold water in the step 1) to obtain a mixed material;
3) putting the mixed material obtained in the step 2) into a disc granulator, enabling the granulator to work at an inclination angle of 40 degrees and a rotating speed of 40 revolutions per minute, and spraying the cold water obtained in the step 1) into the granulator at a flow rate of 3 parts per minute to obtain ceramsite green balls;
4) sieving the ceramsite green balls in the step 3) to obtain ceramsite green balls with the particle size of 8-20 mm;
5) placing the ceramsite green pellets in the step 4) into a steam curing device for curing, wherein the air humidity in the curing device is 95%, and the curing temperature program is as follows: curing at 50 ℃ for 1h, then curing at 80 ℃ for 3h, then curing at 180 ℃ for 10h, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the solid-phase foamed fly ash unfired ceramsite, wherein the porosity of the solid-phase foamed fly ash unfired ceramsite can reach 45%, and a microstructure of the solid-phase foamed fly ash unfired ceramsite is shown in figure 1.
Although only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and all changes are encompassed in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of solid-phase foamed fly ash unfired ceramsite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, weighing 30-75 parts of fly ash, 10-35 parts of starch, 10-40 parts of calcium oxide, 1-2 parts of desulfurized gypsum and 5-20 parts of sodium perborate according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s2, putting the mixed material in the S1 into a disc granulator, and spraying 30-50 parts by weight of water into the granulator at a flow rate of 1-5 parts per minute to obtain ceramsite green pellets;
s3, sieving the ceramsite green pellets in the S2 to obtain ceramsite green pellets with the particle size of 8-20 mm;
s4, placing the ceramsite green pellets in the step S3 into a steam curing device for curing, wherein the air humidity in the curing device is more than 70%, and the curing temperature program is as follows: curing at 40-70 ℃ for 0.5-2h, curing at 70-100 ℃ for 2-4h, oxidizing at 150-.
2. The preparation method of the solid-phase foamed fly ash unfired ceramsite according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the water temperature is below 15 ℃.
3. The preparation method of the solid-phase foamed fly ash unfired ceramsite according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the rotating speed of the disc granulator is 20-50 r/min, and the inclination angle is 30-50 degrees.
4. The solid-phase foaming fly ash non-fired ceramsite is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-75 parts of fly ash, 10-35 parts of starch, 10-40 parts of calcium oxide, 1-2 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of sodium perborate and 30-50 parts of water.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN112552008A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-26 | 贺州学院 | Preparation method of high-porosity baking-free ceramsite with highly communicated pore structures |
| CN113277821A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-20 | 山西瑞恩泽科技有限公司 | Solid-phase foaming fly ash calcium-silicon slag non-sintered ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
| CN115894067A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-04-04 | 山西大学 | Porous soil matrix material and preparation method thereof |
| CN116947523A (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-10-27 | 鸿生再生资源(福州)有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly ceramsite processed by waste materials and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112552008A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-26 | 贺州学院 | Preparation method of high-porosity baking-free ceramsite with highly communicated pore structures |
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| CN115894067A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-04-04 | 山西大学 | Porous soil matrix material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115894067B (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-12-26 | 山西大学 | Porous soil matrix material and preparation method thereof |
| CN116947523A (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-10-27 | 鸿生再生资源(福州)有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly ceramsite processed by waste materials and preparation method thereof |
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