CN111645537B - Gear shifting method of two-gear transmission of electric automobile, storage medium, electronic equipment and electric automobile - Google Patents
Gear shifting method of two-gear transmission of electric automobile, storage medium, electronic equipment and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN111645537B CN111645537B CN202010520107.4A CN202010520107A CN111645537B CN 111645537 B CN111645537 B CN 111645537B CN 202010520107 A CN202010520107 A CN 202010520107A CN 111645537 B CN111645537 B CN 111645537B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2054—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed by controlling transmissions or clutches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/12—Speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/46—Drive Train control parameters related to wheels
- B60L2240/461—Speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/46—Drive Train control parameters related to wheels
- B60L2240/463—Torque
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Abstract
The application discloses a gear shifting method of a two-gear transmission of an electric automobile, a storage medium, electronic equipment and the electric automobile, wherein the gear shifting method of the two-gear transmission of the electric automobile comprises the steps of acquiring wheel end required torque of a driving motor, and respectively calculating shaft end target torque and shaft end target rotating speed for realizing the wheel end required torque under two gears according to the wheel end required torque; obtaining current bus voltage, and obtaining motor operating efficiency under two gears according to the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque and the shaft end target rotating speed under the two gears; taking the gear with higher motor operating efficiency in the two gears as a target gear; and switching the gear of the electric automobile to the target gear. Through calculating the motor operating efficiency under two gears in this application, select the gear based on motor operating efficiency, can guarantee that driving motor all works at high-efficient interval under the electric quantity that power battery is different.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a gear shifting method of a two-gear transmission of an electric automobile, a storage medium, electronic equipment and the electric automobile.
Background
At present, the electric automobile basically drives wheels by a driving motor through a main speed reducer (only one gear and fixed speed ratio), which increases the difficulty of the model selection of the motor and the speed reducer. On one hand, if the reducer with a larger speed ratio is selected, but the reducer with the larger speed ratio is selected to require the motor to have higher running rotating speed, the design cost of the motor and related parts is increased, and the reducer with the larger speed ratio can reduce the occupation ratio of efficient running of the motor and is not economical; on the other hand, if a speed reducer with a smaller speed ratio is selected, the requirement of the whole vehicle on the power system cannot be met.
Therefore, in order to take the whole vehicle dynamic property, the economy and the cost into consideration, on one hand, a speed reducer with a proper speed ratio is selected, but the optimal control of the whole vehicle dynamic property and the economy cannot be ensured at the same time; on the other hand, the two-gear speed changer is adopted to replace a fixed speed ratio reducer, and two speed ratios of the two-gear speed changer are designed into a large speed ratio and a small speed ratio, so that the power performance and the economy of the whole vehicle are improved simultaneously.
At present, the gear shifting control of the electric automobile based on the two-gear transmission is considered to be simpler and mainly embodied in the following aspects.
Firstly, single-parameter gear shifting control based on vehicle speed dimension is mainly used for considering that the motor has the risk of rotating speed overspeed under the high speed ratio, so that a vehicle speed threshold corresponding to the highest rotating speed of the motor is set, a large speed ratio gear is adopted when the vehicle speed threshold is lower than the vehicle speed threshold, a small speed ratio gear is adopted when the vehicle speed threshold is higher than the vehicle speed threshold, the torque and the efficiency under each vehicle speed when the motor actually works are not considered in the control, and the optimal control of economy and dynamic performance cannot be achieved.
And secondly, the method is based on two-parameter gear shifting control of the opening degree of an accelerator pedal and the speed of the vehicle, the gear shifting control law of the traditional fuel oil vehicle gearbox is used for reference, the influence of the opening degree of the accelerator pedal on the gear shifting control is increased, the method reflects the driving intention of a driver, and certain economical efficiency can be ensured on the premise of meeting the dynamic property through the adjustment of an up-shifting curve and a down-shifting curve. However, the difference between the motor drive of the electric automobile and the traditional engine drive is not considered in the method, the torque output of the motor of the electric automobile is not in a strong correlation linear relationship between the torque output of the engine of the traditional automobile and the opening degree of an accelerator pedal, the torque output of the motor of the electric automobile depends on the electric quantity of a power battery, the torque output of the motor is greatly different under high, medium and low electric quantities, the torque output of the motor corresponding to the larger opening degree of the accelerator pedal is possibly smaller than the torque output of the motor corresponding to the smaller opening degree of the accelerator pedal under the low electric quantity, and therefore, the gear shifting control based on the opening degree of the accelerator pedal and the vehicle speed cannot really ensure that the motor always works in a high-efficiency interval, particularly for a pure electric four-drive vehicle, and the economical efficiency of the gear shifting method is lower.
Content of application
The embodiment of the application aims to overcome the defect that the economical efficiency of gear shifting control of an electric automobile in the prior art is low, and provides a gear shifting method of a two-gear transmission of the electric automobile, a storage medium, electronic equipment and the electric automobile, wherein gear shifting is carried out by combining the electric quantity of a battery.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application provides a gear shifting method of a two-gear transmission of an electric automobile,
acquiring wheel end required torque of a driving motor, and respectively calculating shaft end target torque and shaft end target rotating speed for realizing the wheel end required torque under two gears according to the wheel end required torque;
obtaining current bus voltage, and obtaining motor operating efficiency under two gears according to the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque under the two gears and the shaft end target rotating speed;
taking the gear with higher motor operating efficiency in the two gears as a target gear;
and switching the gear of the electric automobile to the target gear.
Further, the acquiring a wheel-end required torque of the drive motor includes:
calculating the torque required by the driver according to the current pedal opening and the current vehicle speed;
calculating the maximum driving torque according to the power of the current power battery and the current vehicle speed;
calculating the maximum power torque which can be provided by the driving motor according to the current vehicle speed;
taking the minimum value among the driver required torque, the maximum driving torque, and the maximum power torque as the wheel-end required torque.
Further, the maximum power torque is the maximum wheel-end torque of the driving motor when the electric vehicle is in a gear with a large deceleration ratio at the current vehicle speed.
Further, the driver demand torque is obtained by multiplying the maximum torque that can be generated by the drive motor at the current rotation speed by the pedal opening percentage.
Further, the maximum driving torque is an available torque which can be provided by the current battery to the wheel end, and is calculated by the following formula:
where T2 is the maximum driving torque (including acceleration and deceleration torques in Nm), P is the current available power of the power cell (positive values representing driving power and negative values representing recovered power in kW), R is the wheel radius (in m), and V is the current vehicle speed (in km/h).
Further, obtaining the motor operating efficiency in two gears according to the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque and the shaft end target rotating speed in the two gears includes:
presetting a motor efficiency data model according to the operating efficiency of the driving motor under different voltages, shaft end torques and shaft end rotating speeds;
and inputting the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque and the shaft end target rotating speed under each gear into the motor efficiency data model, and outputting the motor operation efficiency of the corresponding gear.
Further, the transmission is provided with a first gear and a second gear, and the reduction ratio of the first gear is larger than that of the second gear;
the electric automobile transmission gear shifting method further comprises the following steps:
calculating the external characteristic torque corresponding to the shaft end target rotating speed of the driving motor in the second gear;
if the shaft end target torque of the driving motor under the second gear is smaller than the external characteristic torque, taking the first gear as a target gear;
if not, acquiring the current bus voltage, and obtaining the motor operating efficiency under the two gears according to the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque under the two gears and the shaft end target rotating speed;
and taking the gear with higher motor operation efficiency as a target gear.
The embodiment of the present application also provides a storage medium for storing a computer program, which when executed by a computer, is used for executing all the steps of the method for shifting the two-gear transmission of the electric vehicle.
An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including:
a processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the processor to enable the processor to execute the method for shifting the two-speed transmission of the electric vehicle as described above.
The embodiment of the application also provides an electric automobile, which comprises an automobile body and the electronic equipment arranged on the automobile body.
After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, have following beneficial effect:
through calculating axle head target torque and axle head target rotational speed under two gears in this application, combine the generating line voltage to reachd the motor operating efficiency under two gears, select the gear based on motor operating efficiency, can guarantee that driving motor all works at the high-efficient interval under the electric quantity that power battery is different.
Drawings
The disclosure of the present application will become more readily understood by reference to the drawings. It should be understood that: these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. In the figure:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for shifting a two speed transmission of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for shifting a two speed transmission of an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a system for executing a two speed transmission shift in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a hardware configuration diagram of an electronic device for implementing a gear shifting method of a two-speed transmission of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is easily understood that according to the technical solutions of the present application, those skilled in the art can substitute various structures and implementations without changing the spirit of the present application. Therefore, the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present application, and should not be construed as limiting or restricting the technical solutions of the present application in their entirety.
The terms of orientation of up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, and the like referred to or may be referred to in this specification are defined relative to the configuration shown in the drawings, and are relative terms, and thus may be changed correspondingly according to the position and the use state of the device. Therefore, these and other directional terms should not be construed as limiting terms.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a shifting method of a two-speed transmission of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application, specifically including,
s101: acquiring wheel end required torque of a driving motor, and respectively calculating shaft end target torque and shaft end target rotating speed for realizing the wheel end required torque under two gears according to the wheel end required torque;
s102: obtaining current bus voltage, and obtaining motor operating efficiency under two gears according to the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque under the two gears and the shaft end target rotating speed;
s103: taking the gear with higher motor operating efficiency in the two gears as a target gear;
s104: and switching the gear of the electric automobile to the target gear.
The embodiment of the application calculates the shaft end target torque and the shaft end target rotating speed under two gears respectively by combining the wheel end required torque of the driving motor and different reduction ratios of the two gears. And driving motor's voltage, axle head moment of torsion and axle head rotational speed all can influence motor operating efficiency, according to current busbar voltage in this application, combine axle head target torque and axle head target rotational speed under two gears to obtain motor operating efficiency, confirm the target gear according to the motor operating efficiency under two gears, can guarantee that power battery all works in high-efficient interval under the electric quantity of difference, have higher economic nature.
In one embodiment, the obtaining of the wheel-end required torque of the driving motor includes:
calculating the torque required by the driver according to the current pedal opening and the current vehicle speed;
calculating the maximum driving torque according to the power of the current power battery and the current vehicle speed;
calculating the maximum power torque which can be provided by the driving motor according to the current vehicle speed;
taking the minimum value among the driver required torque, the maximum driving torque, and the maximum power torque as the wheel-end required torque.
Specifically, the driver demand torque is obtained by multiplying the percentage of the opening degree of the pedal and the maximum torque which can be generated by the driving motor at the current rotating speed.
The maximum driving torque is the available torque that the current battery can provide to the wheel end, and is calculated by the following formula:
where T2 is the maximum driving torque (including acceleration and deceleration torques in Nm), P is the current available power of the power cell (positive values representing driving power and negative values representing recovered power in kW), R is the wheel radius (in m), and V is the current vehicle speed (in km/h).
The maximum power torque is the maximum wheel end torque of the driving motor when the electric automobile is in a gear with larger deceleration ratio under the current speed. The maximum power torque is used for representing the maximum driving capability of the current motor system, and the gear with the larger reduction ratio can provide larger torque, so that the maximum wheel end torque of the driving motor under the gear with the larger reduction ratio is calculated according to the current vehicle speed, namely the maximum power torque.
The minimum value among the driver required torque, the maximum driving torque and the maximum power torque is the wheel-end required torque.
The wheel-end required torque obtained in this embodiment combines the driver demand, the battery level and the driving capability of the motor system, and when the driver required torque calculated according to the pedal opening degree is greater than the maximum driving torque and/or the maximum power torque, the minimum value of the maximum driving torque and the maximum power torque is used as the wheel-end required torque. Compared with the method that the driver required torque is directly calculated according to the pedal opening and the current rotating speed and is used as the wheel end required torque, the calculation method has higher accuracy.
In one embodiment, the obtaining the operating efficiency of the motor in two gears according to the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque in two gears, and the shaft end target rotating speed includes:
presetting a motor efficiency data model according to the motor operating efficiency under different voltages, shaft end torques and shaft end rotating speeds;
and inputting the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque and the shaft end target rotating speed under each corresponding gear into the motor efficiency data model, and outputting the motor operation efficiency of the corresponding gear.
Specifically, the motor operating efficiency is related to the voltage, the shaft end torque and the shaft end rotating speed, the motor operating efficiency under different voltages, shaft end torques and shaft end rotating speeds is preset in the motor efficiency data model, and the motor efficiency data model can be obtained through a driving motor bench test.
In this embodiment, through the experiment, combine voltage, axle head moment of torsion and axle head rotational speed to predetermine motor efficiency data model, with busbar voltage, the axle head target moment of torsion and the axle head target rotational speed input motor efficiency data model under the corresponding gear when acquireing motor operating efficiency, can obtain motor operating efficiency through looking up the table, the execution step is simple, can acquire motor operating efficiency fast.
In one embodiment, the transmission is provided with a first gear and a second gear, and the reduction ratio of the first gear is larger than that of the second gear;
the electric automobile transmission gear shifting method further comprises the following steps:
calculating the external characteristic torque corresponding to the shaft end target rotating speed of the driving motor in the second gear;
if the shaft end target torque of the driving motor under the second gear is smaller than the external characteristic torque, taking the first gear as a target gear;
if not, acquiring the current bus voltage, and obtaining the motor operating efficiency under the two gears according to the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque under the two gears and the shaft end target rotating speed;
and taking the gear with higher motor operation efficiency as a target gear.
Specifically, the torque output is larger for the gear with the larger reduction ratio, and therefore, the wheel-end maximum torque that can be output in the second gear is smaller than the wheel-end maximum torque that can be output in the first gear in this embodiment.
Therefore, the axle end target torque and the axle end target rotating speed in the second gear are calculated according to the wheel end required torque of the driving motor, and if the axle end target torque is smaller than the external characteristic torque corresponding to the axle end target rotating speed, it indicates that in the second gear, the driving motor cannot simultaneously meet the condition that the rotating speed is equal to the axle end target rotating speed and the torque is equal to the axle end target torque, and at this time, the target gear can only be set to be the first gear with larger torque.
If the shaft end target torque is larger than or equal to the external characteristic torque corresponding to the shaft end target rotating speed, it indicates that in the second gear, if the rotating speed of the driving motor can simultaneously meet the condition that the rotating speed is equal to the shaft end target rotating speed and the torque is equal to the shaft end target torque, at this moment, the target gear can be set as the first gear, and can also be set as the second gear, and the target gear is set according to the operating efficiency of the motor, so that the economy of the driving system is ensured.
The embodiment gives priority to ensuring the driving force of the automobile while ensuring the economy of the driving system in consideration of the difference of the output torques of the driving motors in the two gears.
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a shifting method of a two-speed transmission of an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present application, specifically including,
s201: calculating the torque required by the driver according to the current pedal opening and the current vehicle speed;
s202: calculating the maximum driving torque according to the power of the current power battery and the current vehicle speed;
s203: calculating the maximum power torque which can be provided by the driving motor according to the current vehicle speed;
s204: taking a minimum value among the driver required torque, the maximum driving torque, and the maximum power torque as a wheel-end required torque;
s205: calculating a first shaft end target torque and a first shaft end target rotating speed under a first gear and a second shaft end target torque and a second shaft end target rotating speed under a second gear according to the wheel end required torque;
s206: calculating the external characteristic torque corresponding to the target rotating speed of the second shaft end;
s207: if the second shaft end target torque is larger than the external characteristic torque, the gear of the electric automobile is switched to a first gear, and if not, the steps S208-S209 are executed;
s208: acquiring current bus voltage, inputting the current bus voltage, first shaft end target torque and first shaft end target rotating speed into a motor efficiency data model, and outputting first motor operation efficiency; inputting the current bus voltage, the target torque of the second shaft end and the target rotating speed of the second shaft end into a motor efficiency data model, and outputting the operating efficiency of a second motor;
s209: and judging whether the operating efficiency of the first motor is greater than that of the second motor, if so, taking the first gear as a target gear, and if not, switching the electric automobile to a second gear.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the system for shifting the two-speed transmission in the present embodiment includes a vehicle control unit VCU, a battery management system BMS, a motor control unit MCU, a transmission controller TCU and an electronic stability system ESP. The battery management system BMS, the motor control unit MCU, the transmission controller TCU, the electronic stability system ESP are all in communication connection with the VCU of the vehicle controller through a CAN bus.
The method comprises the following steps that the acquisition of the opening degree of an accelerator pedal is obtained through a sensor, and the pedal opening degree data is transmitted to a VCU (vehicle control unit); the electronic stability system ESP is used for acquiring a current vehicle speed signal and sending the current vehicle speed signal to the vehicle control unit VCU through the CAN bus; the battery management system BMS is used for acquiring power of a power battery and sending the power to the VCU through the CAN bus; the motor control unit MCU is used for acquiring the rotating speed of the driving motor and the bus voltage and sending the rotating speed and the bus voltage to the VCU through the CAN bus; the vehicle control unit VCU acquires a target gear by executing a work flow shown in fig. 2, and sends the target gear to the transmission controller TCU through the CAN line, and the transmission controller TCU completes switching of the target gear of the transmission and sends an actual gear of the transmission to the vehicle control unit VCU through the CAN bus.
The storage medium of the embodiment of the present application is used for storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the storage medium is used for executing all the steps of the gear shifting method of the two-gear transmission of the electric vehicle in any method embodiment as described above.
Fig. 4 shows a hardware structure diagram of an electronic device for implementing a gear shifting method of a two-speed transmission of an electric vehicle according to the present application, which includes:
a processor 401; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory 402 communicatively coupled to the processor 401; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory 402 stores instructions executable by the processor 401 to cause the processor 401 to perform all the steps of the method for shifting an electric vehicle two speed transmission in any of the method embodiments as described above.
Fig. 4 illustrates an electronic device as an example. The Electronic device is preferably an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).
The electronic device may further include: an input device 403 and an output device 404.
The processor 401, the memory 402, the input device 403, and the display device 404 may be connected by a bus or other means, and are illustrated as being connected by a bus.
The memory 402, which is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, may be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer-executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the method for shifting a two-speed transmission of an electric vehicle in the embodiments of the present application, for example, the method flows shown in fig. 1-2. The processor 401 executes various functional applications and data processing by executing nonvolatile software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 402, so as to implement the method for shifting the two-speed transmission of the electric vehicle in the above-mentioned embodiment.
The memory 402 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to use of a shifting method of a two-speed transmission of an electric vehicle, and the like. Further, the memory 402 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 402 may optionally include memory located remotely from the processor 401, and such remote memory may be connected via a network to a device that performs the method for shifting the two speed transmission of the electric vehicle. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The input device 403 may receive input from a user click and generate signal inputs related to user settings for the shifting method and function control of the electric vehicle two speed transmission. The display device 404 may include a display screen or the like.
When the one or more modules are stored in the memory 402, the method for shifting the two-speed transmission of the electric vehicle in any of the above-described method embodiments is performed when executed by the one or more processors 401.
The electric automobile of the embodiment of the application comprises an automobile body and the electronic equipment mounted on the automobile body.
What has been described above is merely the principles and preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several other modifications can be made on the basis of the principle of the present application, and these should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A gear shifting method of a two-gear transmission of an electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps,
acquiring wheel end required torque of a driving motor, and respectively calculating shaft end target torque and shaft end target rotating speed for realizing the wheel end required torque under two gears according to the wheel end required torque;
obtaining current bus voltage, and obtaining motor operating efficiency under two gears according to the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque and the shaft end target rotating speed under the two gears;
taking the gear with higher motor operating efficiency in the two gears as a target gear;
switching the gear of the electric automobile to the target gear;
the acquiring of the wheel-end required torque of the drive motor includes:
calculating the torque required by the driver according to the current pedal opening and the current vehicle speed;
calculating the maximum driving torque according to the power of the current power battery and the current vehicle speed;
calculating the maximum power torque which can be provided by the driving motor according to the current vehicle speed;
taking the minimum value among the driver required torque, the maximum driving torque, and the maximum power torque as the wheel-end required torque.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the maximum power torque is a maximum wheel-end torque of the driving motor when the electric vehicle is in a gear with a relatively large deceleration at the current vehicle speed.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the driver demand torque is obtained by multiplying a maximum torque that the driving motor can deliver at a current rotation speed by a percentage of pedal opening.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the maximum driving torque is an available torque that the current battery can provide to the wheel end, and is calculated by the following formula:
where T2 is the maximum driving torque (including acceleration and deceleration torques in Nm), P is the current available power of the power cell (positive values representing driving power and negative values representing recovered power in kW), R is the wheel radius (in m), and V is the current vehicle speed (in km/h).
5. The method for shifting the two-speed transmission of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the motor operating efficiency in two gears according to the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque in two gears and the shaft end target rotating speed comprises:
presetting a motor efficiency data model according to the motor operating efficiency under different voltages, shaft end torques and shaft end rotating speeds;
and inputting the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque and the shaft end target rotating speed under each gear into the motor efficiency data model, and outputting the motor operation efficiency of the corresponding gear.
6. The method of shifting a two-speed transmission of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the transmission is provided with a first gear and a second gear, and the reduction ratio of the first gear is greater than that of the second gear; the electric automobile transmission gear shifting method further comprises the following steps:
calculating the external characteristic torque corresponding to the shaft end target rotating speed of the driving motor in the second gear;
if the shaft end target torque of the driving motor under the second gear is smaller than the external characteristic torque, taking the first gear as a target gear;
if not, acquiring the current bus voltage, and obtaining the motor operating efficiency under the two gears according to the current bus voltage, the shaft end target torque under the two gears and the shaft end target rotating speed;
and taking the gear with higher motor operation efficiency as a target gear.
7. A storage medium for storing a computer program for performing all the steps of the method for shifting a two-speed transmission of an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when the computer program is executed by a computer.
8. An electronic device, comprising:
a processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the processor to enable the processor to perform the method of shifting the two-speed transmission of an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising a vehicle body and the electronic device according to claim 8 mounted on the vehicle body.
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| CN113119750B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2023-07-14 | 恒大恒驰新能源汽车研究院(上海)有限公司 | Vehicle energy consumption control method and device and electric vehicle |
| CN113954639B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-10-27 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining torque capacity of motor wheel end, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN114110157B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-03-14 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Double-gear electric four-wheel drive gear shifting control method |
| CN114483944B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-09-09 | 东风德纳车桥有限公司 | Gear shifting point updating method and device, controller and storage medium |
| CN114312350B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2023-07-14 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Motor control method, apparatus, computer device, and storage medium |
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