CN111643151A

CN111643151A - Knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotomy device

Info

Publication number: CN111643151A
Application number: CN202010443225.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 史春宝; 解凤宝; 吕昌禹; 韩川
Original assignee: Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-22
Filing date: 2020-05-22
Publication date: 2020-09-11

Abstract

The invention relates to a knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotomy device, which comprises a distal osteotomy positioning component, a distal osteotomy component and a broach for fixing the distal osteotomy positioning component, wherein the distal osteotomy positioning component comprises a basic sleeve fixedly connected with the broach in a coaxial line, a positioning component fixed on a femoral condyle, an angle scale rotating together with the positioning component and a slide block for limiting the rotation of the angle scale, the basic sleeve is hinged with the positioning component, the distal osteotomy component is connected with the positioning component in a sliding way along the direction of the rotation axis of the positioning component, and the distal osteotomy component and the positioning component rotate together. The invention has the effect of providing an accurate valgus angle of the femur.

Description

Knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotomy device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotome.

Background

In order to further improve the accuracy of a key operation step of positioning the distal osteotomy of the femur in the femur bone marrow in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA), reduce the potential complications and expand the clinical application range, a more reliable reference method is found.

The existing knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotomy device is used for osteotomy, and is an instrument for performing distal femur osteotomy by performing intramedullary positioning by utilizing a medullary cavity hole formed on a femur in a knee joint operation, and is used for primary knee joint surface replacement operation. In the prior art, chinese patent application with publication number CN201710248971.1 discloses a femoral osteotomy instrument kit for use in minimally invasive knee replacement surgery. The kit comprises a distal femur osteotomy device and an anterior femur osteotomy device, wherein the distal femur osteotomy device comprises a distal femur positioning module, an adjusting rod and a distal femur osteotomy module; the femur front condyle osteotomy device comprises a femur measurer, a femur front condyle positioner and a femur front condyle osteotomy module.

The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: although the intramedullary positioner can cut bones in a knee joint operation, a plurality of defects are found in the use of the intramedullary positioner in the actual use, so that the knee joint femoral medullary cavity positioner cannot achieve the optimal use effect in the actual application, and the biggest problem is that the intramedullary positioner cannot completely meet the operation requirement because the angle of the femoral valgus angle adjustable by the intramedullary positioner is not clear enough.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotome capable of providing more femoral valgus angle determinations.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

a knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotomy device comprises a distal osteotomy positioning component, a distal osteotomy component and a broach for fixing the distal osteotomy positioning component, wherein the distal osteotomy positioning component comprises a base sleeve fixedly connected with the broach in a coaxial line mode, a positioning component for fixing on a femoral condyle, an angle disc rotating together with the positioning component and a sliding block for limiting the rotation of the angle disc, the base sleeve is hinged with the positioning component, the distal osteotomy component is connected with the positioning component in a sliding mode along the direction of the rotation axis of the positioning component, and the distal osteotomy component and the positioning component rotate together.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when using, slowly insert the intramedullary canal in the medullary cavity, drive slider makes the slider no longer restrict the rotation of angle scale, rotate basic sleeve pipe this moment or rotate distal end and cut bone locating component, make it swing to the angle of turning up of corresponding thighbone, and cut bone locating component and thighbone distal end inside and outside condyle bone surface butt back at distal end, cut bone locating component with distal end and fix on thighbone distal end face, the angle that shows on the angle scale this moment is thighbone angle of turning up, simultaneously because distal end cuts bone locating component and thighbone fixed connection, so the user can cut the bone distal end through distal end cuts bone component more steadily and carry out thighbone distal end, make clear out thighbone distal end angle of turning up, ensure going on smoothly of operation.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the locating component comprises a fixing block hinged with the base sleeve and fixing nails connected with the fixing block in a sliding mode along the length direction of the intramedullary nail, the fixing nails are provided with a plurality of tips extending out of one end of the base sleeve, and the base sleeve is hinged with the locating block and the rotating axis of the base sleeve is perpendicular to the length direction of the base sleeve.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the user can squeeze into human knee joint thighbone metafacial features through the instrument hammer with the staple for strengthen the distal end and cut the stability of bone locating component and distal end and cut the bone subassembly, and then guarantee the accuracy of thighbone distal end and cut the bone, ensure to operate successfully.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the sliding block is connected with the base sleeve in a sliding mode along the length direction of the base sleeve, an elastic piece for driving the sliding block to move towards the angle scale is arranged on the base sleeve, and when the elastic piece is in a natural state, the sliding block limits the angle scale to rotate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the user need rotate basic sleeve pipe or distal end osteotomy locating component, only need slide the slider towards the direction of angle scale dorsad, can realize letting the slider no longer restrict the relative rotation between angle scale and the basic sleeve pipe, the setting of elastic component can also make the slider reset simultaneously, make the angle scale lie in between the basic sleeve pipe take place to restrict the rotation of angle scale again through the slider after the relative rotation, make the stop that the angle scale can be stable current state, the staff of being convenient for observes.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and a plurality of clamping grooves used for marking angles are formed in one side of the angle scale, which is opposite to the sliding block, and clamping jaws matched with the clamping grooves are formed in the sliding block.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of draw-in groove and jack catch can let the slider can restrict the rotation of angle scale steadily, also can let the two smooth and easy disconnection simultaneously, simple structure, easy operation.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the far-end bone cutting assembly comprises a portal frame connected with the fixing block in a sliding mode along the rotating axis direction of the far-end bone cutting positioning assembly, a sliding rail fixedly arranged on the portal frame and a far-end bone cutting plate connected with the sliding rail in a sliding mode along the length direction of the basic sleeve, and the far-end bone cutting plate is located on one side, back to the angle scale, of the fixing nail.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of portal frame can strengthen the distal end and cut the joint strength between bone subassembly and the distal end and cut the bone locating component, can realize simultaneously that the distal end cuts the bone plate and be close to or keep away from human thighbone through the portal frame that slides, can be applicable to not unidimensional skeleton, and the distal end cuts sliding connection between bone plate and the slide rail also is the same, can be applicable to not unidimensional skeleton, has strengthened the suitability.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the elastic piece comprises a spring sleeved on the base sleeve, and the spring is always in a stretched state.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, spring simple structure, the source is extensive, and the maintenance of being convenient for because the spring is in all the time by tensile state, so when not needing to make to take place relative rotation between angle scale and the basic sleeve pipe, the pulling force towards the angle scale direction can be applyed to the slider to the spring for the rotation of restriction angle scale that the slider can be stable.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the base sleeve is fixedly connected with a limiting barrel used for limiting the sliding block to be separated from the base sleeve, and the sliding block is located between the limiting barrel and the angle scale.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of spacing section of thick bamboo can reduce because staff's error or other reasons lead to the slider to break away from the possibility on the basis sleeve pipe.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the fixed blocks on the two sides of the angle scale are respectively and fixedly provided with a stop pin for limiting the maximum rotation angle of the angle scale, and when the clamping jaw is matched and clamped with any clamping groove on the two sides of the angle scale, one side of the angle scale is abutted against one stop pin.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of backing pin can reduce because staff's error leads to the turned angle between angle scale and the basic sleeve pipe too big, leads to the articulated shaft of angle scale or the possibility of other parts damage, in addition because when jack catch and arbitrary draw-in groove cooperation joint in angle scale both sides, one side butt of angle scale is on a spacer pin, so the spacer pin also has the effect of reminding staff turned angle between angle scale and the basic sleeve pipe to the at utmost.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the fixed block is the symmetry type structure, offers the mounting groove that is used for holding basic sleeve pipe one end on the fixed block, and the lateral wall of angle scale is sunken to its one side of offering the draw-in groove to be formed with the slot that is the U word form, the inside fixedly connected with of mounting groove and slot complex locating pin, the top surface of installation piece is pegged graft and is had one end to stretch into the mounting groove inside and with the fixed pin of angle scale grafting.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in the real operation, foreign matter such as patient's bone bits, blood are stained with easily and attach this knee joint intramedullary location osteotomy ware, through above-mentioned setting, can convenient to use person dismantle the angle scale, and convenient to use person clears up, reduces the angle scale and gets into the foreign matter with other part junctions, leads to the part to wear with higher speed so that influence the possibility of precision. When the user is dismantling the angle scale, only need slide the slider towards the direction of angle scale dorsad, then take off the fixed pin to with the angle scale along the depth direction of slot take out can.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the staple has two and divides the both sides of locating the fixed block.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, two staple can be with the stable connection of distal end osteotomy locator on the distal end terminal surface of thighbone, and can not cause more injuries to patient's skeleton for more quantity.

In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the user can more stably perform the distal femur osteotomy through the distal osteotomy component, so as to determine the eversion angle of the distal femur and ensure the smooth operation;

2. the arrangement of the portal frame can enhance the connection strength between the far-end osteotomy component and the far-end osteotomy positioning component, meanwhile, the sliding portal frame can realize that the far-end osteotomy plate is close to or far away from the femur of a human body, and the portal frame can be suitable for bones with different sizes;

3. in the real operation, foreign matters such as bone fragments and blood of a patient are easily attached to the knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotome, through the knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotome, the knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotome can be conveniently detached by a user, the user can conveniently clean the knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotome, the foreign matters entering the junction of the knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotome and other parts are reduced, and the parts are accelerated to wear so as to influence the precision

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating the position of the elastic member in the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an angle scale in the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1 showing the position of the jaws;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the position of the stopper pin in the embodiment;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the position of the limiting cylinder in the embodiment.

In the figure, 1, a distal osteotomy positioning assembly; 11. a positioning assembly; 12. a fixed block; 121. a spacing pin; 122. a fixing pin; 123. installing a shaft; 124. a stop pin; 13. a base sleeve; 14. an angle scale; 141. a card slot; 15. a slider; 151. a claw; 16. mounting grooves; 17. fixing nails; 2. a distal osteotomy assembly; 21. a osteotomy plate; 22. a slide rail; 23. a gantry; 24. a osteotomy slot; 25. positioning holes; 3. a limiting cylinder; 4. a broach; 5. an elastic member; 51. a spring; 6. a sliding hammer type puller.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the intramedullary positioning osteotome for the knee joint disclosed by the invention comprises a long straight rod-shaped broach 4, wherein the broach 4 is used for being inserted into an intramedullary cavity of a femur of a patient. The intramedullary nail 4 is provided with a far-end osteotomy positioning component 1 for positioning the femoral valgus angle, and the far-end osteotomy positioning component 1 comprises a base sleeve coaxially sleeved on the intramedullary nail 4, a far-end positioning component 11 hinged at one end of the base sleeve, an angle scale 14 detachably connected with the fixing component and a slide block 15 coaxially sleeved on the other end of the base sleeve 13. The basic sleeve is fixedly connected with the intramedullary nail 4. The slide block 15, the angle scale 14 and the positioning component 11 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the basic sleeve. The angle scale 14 is fan-shaped, and the arc-shaped side wall of the angle scale 14 is arranged opposite to the sliding block 15. Locating component 11 is including articulating fixed block 12 and the staple 17 of pegging graft on fixed block 12 in basic sleeve pipe 13 one end, and fixed block 12 is the protruding word column structure of symmetry, and the middle zone of fixed block 12 is seted up along basic sleeve pipe 13 length direction with the mounting groove 16 that runs through of itself, and the one end of basic sleeve pipe 13 articulates inside mounting groove 16. The fixing nails 17 are arranged along the length direction of the base sleeve 13 on the two fixing blocks 12 respectively positioned at the two sides of the base sleeve 13, and the tips of the fixing nails 17 are arranged back to the sliding block 15. The fixing block 12 is provided with a bone cutting assembly for cutting bones, and the bone cutting assembly comprises a portal frame 23 spliced on the fixing block 12, a slide rail 22 fixedly arranged on the portal frame 23 and a bone cutting plate 21 sleeved on the slide rail 22. Two ends of the portal frame 23 are respectively located at two sides of the base casing 13, that is, the opening of the portal frame 23 avoids the broach 4 and the base casing 13. The slide rail 22 is parallel to the base sleeve 13 and is fixedly arranged at the middle point of a cross beam of the portal frame 23, the end face of the slide rail 22 is in an inverted convex shape, the bone cutting plate 21 is arranged parallel to the angle scale 14, and the bone cutting plate 21 extends out towards one end of the base sleeve 13 connected with the fixed block 12. The osteotomy plate 21 is provided with an osteotomy slot 24 for facilitating the osteotomy of the operator and a plurality of positioning holes 25.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the end of the base sleeve located inside the mounting groove 16 is inserted with a mounting shaft 123 as a rotating shaft of the base sleeve, and the mounting shaft 123 is coaxially arranged on two opposite inner walls of the mounting groove 16. Basic sleeve pipe 13 is connected with the one end of slider 15 and has set firmly spacing sleeve, and spacing sleeve all is the flange form with slider 15, and the slider 15 cover is established in the less one end of spacing sleeve external diameter, and the great one end of spacing sleeve external diameter of flange form is used for restricting the sliding range of slider 15, reduces slider 15 and basic sleeve pipe 13 disconnection's possibility when sliding. An elastic member 5 is disposed between the sliding block 15 and the base sleeve 13, the elastic member 5 in this embodiment includes a spring 51 sleeved on the base sleeve 13 and having one end fixedly connected to the base sleeve 13, the other end of the spring 51 is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the sliding block 15, the spring 51 is always in a stretched state, and the spring 51 is used for applying a moving drive to the sliding block 15 always towards the direction of the angle scale 14. The end of the angle scale 14 facing away from the curved side wall is located in the mounting groove 16, and the side wall of this end is recessed toward the curved side wall and forms a U-shaped slot. Fixedly connected with pegs graft inside the slot and with slot size complex fixed pin 122 on the inside wall of mounting groove 16, peg graft on fixed block 12 and have one end stretch into the inside spacer pin 121 that just stretches into the inside of angle scale 14 of mounting groove 16.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a plurality of slots 141 for identifying angles are formed in the arc-shaped side wall of the angle scale 14, and a jaw 151 matched with the slots 141 is fixedly arranged on an end surface of the slider 15 facing the angle scale 14.

Referring to fig. 2 and 5, two stop pins 124 for limiting the maximum rotation range of the angle scale 14 are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the mounting groove 16, the two stop pins 124 are respectively disposed at two sides of the fixing pin 122, and when the clamping jaw 151 is in matched clamping connection with any one of the clamping grooves 141 at two sides of the angle scale 14, one side of the angle scale 14 abuts against one of the limiting pins 121.

Referring to fig. 6, in this embodiment, the femur and the distal osteotomy positioning assembly 1 can be quickly separated by installing the sliding hammer type puller 6 on the limiting cylinder 3, so as to achieve the effects of saving labor and increasing the detachment speed.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A knee joint intramedullary positioning osteotomy device is characterized in that: including distal end osteotomy locating component (1), distal end osteotomy component (2) and be used for fixed distal end to cut broach (4) of locating component (1), distal end osteotomy locating component (1) is including basic sleeve pipe (13) with broach (4) coaxial line fixed connection, be used for fixing locating component (11) on the thighbone condyle, angle scale (14) and be used for restricting angle scale (14) pivoted slider (15) together pivoted with locating component (11), basic sleeve pipe (13) are articulated with locating component (11), distal end osteotomy component (2) are connected with locating component (11) slide along the axis of rotation direction of locating component (11), and distal end osteotomy component (2) and locating component (11) together rotate.

2. The knee intramedullary positioning osteotome of claim 1, wherein: the positioning assembly (11) comprises a fixing block (12) hinged with the base sleeve (13) and a fixing nail (17) connected with the fixing block (12) in a sliding mode along the length direction of the intramedullary nail (4), the fixing nail (17) is provided with a plurality of tips extending out of one end of the base sleeve (13), and the base sleeve (13) is hinged with the positioning block and the rotating axis of the base sleeve is perpendicular to the length direction of the base sleeve (13).

3. The knee intramedullary positioning osteotome of claim 1, wherein: the sliding block (15) is connected with the base sleeve (13) in a sliding mode along the length direction of the base sleeve, the base sleeve (13) is provided with an elastic piece (5) for driving the sliding block (15) to move towards the angle scale (14), and when the elastic piece (5) is in a natural state, the sliding block (15) limits the angle scale (14) to rotate.

4. The knee intramedullary positioning osteotome of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of clamping grooves (141) used for marking angles are formed in one side, opposite to the sliding block (15), of the angle scale (14), and clamping jaws (151) matched with the clamping grooves (141) are arranged on the sliding block (15).

5. The knee intramedullary positioning osteotome of claim 2, wherein: the far-end osteotomy component (2) comprises a portal frame (23) connected with the fixing block (12) in a sliding manner along the direction of the rotation axis of the far-end osteotomy positioning component (1), a sliding rail (22) fixedly arranged on the portal frame (23) and a far-end osteotomy plate (21) connected with the sliding rail (22) in a sliding manner along the length direction of the base sleeve (13), wherein the far-end osteotomy plate (21) is positioned on one side of the fixing nail (17) back to the angle scale (14).

6. The knee intramedullary positioning osteotome of claim 3, wherein: the elastic piece (5) comprises a spring (51) sleeved on the base sleeve (13), and the spring (51) is always in a stretched state.

7. The knee intramedullary positioning osteotome of claim 1, wherein: the base sleeve (13) is fixedly connected with a limiting barrel (3) used for limiting the sliding block (15) to be separated from the base sleeve (13), and the sliding block (15) is located between the limiting barrel (3) and the angle scale (14).

8. The knee intramedullary positioning osteotome of claim 4, wherein: the angle scale is characterized in that stop pins (124) used for limiting the maximum rotation angle of the angle scale (14) are fixedly arranged on the fixing blocks (12) on the two sides of the angle scale (14), and when the clamping jaws (151) are matched and clamped with any clamping groove (141) on the two sides of the angle scale (14), one side of the angle scale (14) is abutted to one stop pin (124).

9. The knee intramedullary positioning osteotome of claim 2, wherein: fixed block (12) are the symmetry type structure, offer mounting groove (16) that are used for holding basic sleeve pipe (13) one end on fixed block (12), sunken being formed with the slot that is the U word form to its one side of seting up draw-in groove (141) on the lateral wall of angle scale (14), mounting groove (16) inside fixedly connected with and slot complex locating pin, the top surface of installation piece is pegged graft and is had one end to stretch into mounting groove (16) inside and fixed pin (122) of pegging graft with angle scale (14).

10. The knee intramedullary positioning osteotome of claim 2, wherein: the fixing nails (17) are arranged on two sides of the fixing block (12).