CN111641351B - Vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device with broadband energy collection function - Google Patents

Vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device with broadband energy collection function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111641351B
CN111641351B CN202010418383.XA CN202010418383A CN111641351B CN 111641351 B CN111641351 B CN 111641351B CN 202010418383 A CN202010418383 A CN 202010418383A CN 111641351 B CN111641351 B CN 111641351B
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hollow cylinder
fixed
power generation
generation device
vortex vibration
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CN111641351A (en
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胡家峰
陈东阳
范广恒
纪智
葛凌鹏
朱锃
张文宇
王若楠
张悦
丁泽宇
谢涛
王赟
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Yangzhou University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/185—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using fluid streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters

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Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband energy-collecting vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device, which comprises a hollow cylinder; a cross beam is arranged in the hollow cylinder; two substrates are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the cross beam; piezoelectric ceramics are arranged between the two substrates; a conical spring is fixed on the base plate at one side far away from the cross beam; the top of the conical spring is fixed on the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder; linear springs are arranged between the left side and the right side of the cross beam and the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder; the beam is arranged on the central axis of the hollow cylinder. The invention directly converts the vibration energy into the electric energy, has simple structure and small energy loss.

Description

Vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device with broadband energy collection function
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vortex vibration power generation device, in particular to a vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device with broadband energy collection characteristics, and belongs to the fields of hydrodynamics, wind engineering and new energy power generation.
Background
In recent years, development and utilization of new energy such as solar energy, wind energy, and water energy have become popular topics for energy development of various countries. Among these many new energy sources, wind energy and water energy generated by fluid flow have the advantages of huge reserves, wide distribution, easy development and the like, and are favored by energy developers of various countries.
Vortex-induced vibration is a common vibration phenomenon, and in a certain Reynolds coefficient range, when stable fluid bypasses a bluff body which is not streamlined, alternate vortex shedding is generated behind two sides of the bluff body, and the vortex shedding from solids has certain frequency. When this frequency is close to the natural frequency of the solid, resonance occurs, i.e., vortex-induced vibration, and energy in the fluid can be captured by the vortex-induced vibration. The vortex-induced vibration is utilized to collect energy, so that larger energy and driving force can be obtained when the fluid has lower flow speed, but an object for collecting the energy has fixed frequency and can only coincide with the vortex shedding frequency generated when the fluid flows through the surface of the object at a certain flow speed, so that the vortex-induced vibration is excited. However, in nature, the flow velocity of fluid such as wind or water is changed at any moment, and the vortex shedding frequency of the fluid flowing through the surface of an object is also changed at any moment, which severely limits the application of various vortex vibration energy collecting devices at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a broadband energy collection vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device, which aims to solve the problem that the vortex shedding frequency changes constantly in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a broadband energy-collecting vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device comprises a hollow cylinder; a cross beam is arranged in the hollow cylinder; two substrates are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the cross beam; piezoelectric ceramics are arranged between the two substrates; a conical spring is fixed on the base plate at one side far away from the cross beam; the top of the conical spring is fixed on the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder; linear springs are arranged between the left side and the right side of the cross beam and the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder; the beam is arranged on the central axis of the hollow cylinder.
Furthermore, a plurality of conical springs are arranged along the upper side and the lower side of the cross beam; the linear springs are arranged on the left side and the right side of the extension beam.
Furthermore, two ends of the conical spring are respectively fixed on the tray; the trays at two ends are respectively fixed on the inner side walls of the base plate and the hollow cylinder.
Furthermore, a first connecting beam is arranged on the tray close to one end of the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder; a second connecting beam is arranged on the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder; the first connecting beam is fixed on the second connecting beam through a positioning bolt.
Furthermore, a third connecting beam is arranged on the left side and the right side of the cross beam; connecting parts are fixed at two ends of the linear spring; one end of the linear spring is connected with the third connecting beam through a connecting part, and the other end of the linear spring is connected with the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder through a connecting part.
Furthermore, end covers are arranged at two ends of the hollow cylinder; a linear bearing is arranged on the outer side of the end cover; the linear bearing is provided with a guide rail; the end cover is arranged on the guide rail through a linear bearing; the end cover is also provided with a hollow chute; the guide rail is fixed on the cross beam through a shaft support; the two ends of the cross beam penetrate through the hollowed-out sliding grooves.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a rotating base and a bracket; the bracket is arranged on the rotating base; the cross beam is fixed on the bracket.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, through the arrangement of the conical spring and the linear spring, the conical spring and the linear spring form a spring group with pure cubic nonlinearity, the frequency band of a hollow cylinder connected with the conical spring is widened, the problem of moment change of vortex shedding frequency is weakened, vortex-induced vibration can be generated in a wider flow velocity range, and the vibration energy generated by the vortex-induced vibration is converted into electric energy by utilizing piezoelectric ceramics, so that power generation is carried out; the invention directly converts the vibration energy into the electric energy, has simple structure and small energy loss.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a vortex piezoelectric power generation device with broadband energy harvesting characteristics;
FIG. 2 is a disassembled schematic view of the overall structure of a vortex piezoelectric power generation device with broadband energy collection characteristics;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the interior of a hollow cylinder of a vortex piezoelectric power generation device having broadband energy harvesting characteristics;
figure 4 is a side view of the interior of a hollow cylinder of a vortex piezoelectric power generation device having broadband energy harvesting characteristics.
Reference numerals: the method comprises the following steps of 1-rotating base, 2-bracket, 3-beam, 4-shaft support, 5-guide rail, 6-linear bearing, 7-end cover, 8-hollow cylinder, 9-base plate, 10-piezoelectric ceramic, 11-cubic nonlinear spring group, 11-1-tray, 11-2-conical spring, 11-3-connecting part, 11-4-linear spring, 12-first connecting beam, 13-positioning bolt, 14-second connecting beam and 15-third connecting beam.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device with broadband energy collection characteristics includes a rotating base 1, a bracket 2, a cross beam 3, a shaft support 4, a guide rail 5, a linear bearing 6, an end cover 7, a hollow cylinder 8, a substrate 9, piezoelectric ceramics 10, a cubic nonlinear spring set 11, a first connecting beam 12, a positioning bolt 13, a second connecting beam 14, and a third connecting beam 15. The cubic nonlinear spring group 11 comprises a tray 11-1, a conical spring 11-2, a connecting part 11-3 and a linear spring 11-4.
The support 2 is fixed on the rotating base 1, the support and the rotating base 1 are fixed through bolts, the rotating base 1 can rotate according to the flow velocity condition, and the device is always in the direction opposite to the incoming flow. A square cross beam 3 is arranged in a square hole at the upper end of the bracket 2 and is fixed by a fastening bolt; the power generation unit is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the beam and consists of two substrates 9 and piezoelectric ceramics 10, the piezoelectric ceramics 10 is positioned between the two substrates 9 and is connected into a whole through screws, the power generation unit is fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the beam through screws, trays 11-1 are arranged above the power generation unit at intervals of a plurality of distances and are fastened and connected through screws; a conical spring 11-2 is welded on the tray 11-1, the other end of the conical spring 11-2 is also welded with a tray, and the tray is fixed on the connecting beam I12 through screws; the first connecting beam 12 is connected with the second connecting beam 14 through a positioning bolt 13, the distance between the two connecting beams can be changed by adjusting the positioning bolt 13, and the second connecting beam 14 is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder through a screw; two sides of the beam 3 are connected with a third connecting beam 15 which are fastened and connected through screws, two ends of the linear spring 11-4 are welded with connecting parts 11-3, one of the connecting parts 11-3 welded with two ends of the linear spring 11-4 is connected to connecting columns of the third connecting beams 15 through pins, the connecting part 11-3 can rotate around the connecting columns, and the other connecting part is fixed on a second connecting beam 14 on the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder 8 through a first connecting beam 12.
The precompression lengths of the conical spring 11-2 and the linear spring 11-4 are adjusted by adjusting the positioning bolt 3, so that the cubic nonlinear spring set 11 has pure cubic nonlinearity. Wherein the conical spring 11-2, the linear spring 11-4, the tray 11-1 and the connecting part 11-3 form a cubic nonlinear spring group, and the frequency band of the hollow cylinder connected with the cubic nonlinear spring group is widened.
End covers 7 are arranged at two ends of the hollow cylinder 8 and fixed through screws, the linear bearing 6 is fixed on the surface of the end cover 7 through bolts, and a guide rail 5 is arranged in the linear bearing 6; the guide rail 5 is installed in the shaft support 4 and fixed by fastening bolts; the shaft support 4 is fixed on the cross beam 3 through bolts; the end cover 7 is provided with a hollow chute; the two ends of the cross beam 3 penetrate through the hollow sliding grooves. The linear bearing 6, the guide rail 5 and the shaft support 4 form a track capable of sliding up and down, and limit that the hollow cylinder can only move up and down.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
before the device is started, the positioning nut 13 is adjusted to enable the conical spring 11-2 and the linear spring 11-4 in the device to reach the set precompression length, so that the cubic nonlinear spring group in the device has pure cubic nonlinear stiffness. The rotary base 1 of the device can automatically rotate under the control of the controller according to the flow velocity condition of the outside, so that the hollow cylinder 8 of the device is just opposite to the incoming flow direction.
When the flow velocity of the outside fluid reaches a certain range, the hollow cylinder 8 can generate vortex-induced vibration, and the slide way formed by the shaft support 4, the guide rail 5 and the linear bearing 6 limits the hollow cylinder to move only up and down. The up-and-down vibration of the hollow cylinder 8 can enable the conical spring 11-2 in the device to be stressed and deformed, the conical spring 11-2 can transmit force to the piezoelectric ceramic 10 between the two substrates 9, the piezoelectric ceramic 10 is made to deform periodically, and the piezoelectric ceramic 10 deforms periodically to generate continuous and stable current.
The invention utilizes the spring group with pure cubic nonlinearity to widen the frequency band of the hollow cylinder connected with the spring group, generates vortex-induced vibration in a wider flow velocity range, and utilizes the piezoelectric ceramics to convert the vibration energy generated by the vortex-induced vibration into electric energy so as to generate electricity.
The invention connects a spring group with pure cubic nonlinear stiffness on the surface of an object, so that the frequency band of the object can be widened. Two pre-compressed conical springs and two pre-compressed linear springs are used to form a spring set that has a pure cubic non-linearity when the conical springs and linear springs are compressed to a certain value. The spring assembly is attached to the surface of the object to enable vortex-induced vibration to occur over a wide range of flow rates.
The piezoelectric ceramic is an information functional ceramic material capable of converting mechanical energy and electric energy into each other. Bound charges can appear at two ends of the polarized piezoelectric ceramic piece, a layer of free charges from the outside is adsorbed on the surface of the electrode, when the ceramic piece is deformed and compressed by external pressure, the bound charges are repelled by the charges with the same attribute in the piezoelectric ceramic piece, discharge is formed, and when the ceramic piece is deformed by tensile force, a layer of free charges from the outside can be adsorbed again. The piezoelectric ceramic has larger piezoelectric constant, elastic coefficient and electromechanical coupling coefficient, has excellent performance, and can obtain large voltage by tiny deformation.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts according to the disclosed technical contents, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1.一种宽频能量采集的涡振压电发电装置，其特征在于，包括空心圆柱；所述空心圆柱内设置有横梁；所述横梁的上下两侧各安装有两块基板；所述两块基板之间设置有压电陶瓷；远离横梁一侧的所述基板上固定有锥形弹簧；所述锥形弹簧的顶部固定在空心圆柱的内侧壁上；所述横梁的左右两侧与空心圆柱的内侧壁之间安装有线性弹簧；所述横梁设置在空心圆柱的中轴线上；1. a vortex vibration piezoelectric generator of broadband energy collection, is characterized in that, comprises hollow cylinder; Be provided with beam in described hollow cylinder; The upper and lower sides of described beam are each installed with two substrates; Piezoelectric ceramics are arranged between the substrates; a conical spring is fixed on the substrate on the side away from the beam; the top of the conical spring is fixed on the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder; the left and right sides of the beam are connected to the hollow cylinder A linear spring is installed between the inner side walls of the hollow cylinder; the beam is arranged on the central axis of the hollow cylinder; 所述空心圆柱的两端设置有端盖；所述端盖的外侧设置有直线轴承；所述直线轴承上安装有导轨；所述端盖通过直线轴承安装在导轨上；所述端盖上还设置有镂空滑槽；所述导轨通过轴支座固定在横梁上；所述横梁的两端穿过镂空滑槽。Both ends of the hollow cylinder are provided with end covers; the outer side of the end cover is provided with a linear bearing; a guide rail is installed on the linear bearing; the end cover is installed on the guide rail through the linear bearing; A hollow chute is provided; the guide rail is fixed on the beam through the shaft support; both ends of the beam pass through the hollow chute. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种宽频能量采集的涡振压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述锥形弹簧延横梁上下两侧排列设置有若干个；所述线性弹簧延横梁左右两侧排列设置有若干个。2. The vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device for broadband energy collection according to claim 1, characterized in that, several conical springs are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the beam; There are several side arrays. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种宽频能量采集的涡振压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述锥形弹簧的两端分别固定在托盘上；两端的所述托盘分别固定在基板和空心圆柱的内侧壁上。3. The vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device for broadband energy collection according to claim 1, wherein the two ends of the conical spring are respectively fixed on a tray; the trays at both ends are respectively fixed on the base plate and the on the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder. 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种宽频能量采集的涡振压电发电装置，其特征在于，靠近空心圆柱内侧壁一端的托盘上安装有连接梁一；所述空心圆柱的内侧壁上设置有连接梁二；所述连接梁一通过定位螺栓固定在连接梁二上。4. The vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device for broadband energy collection according to claim 3, wherein a connecting beam is installed on the tray close to one end of the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder; the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder is provided with There are two connecting beams; the first connecting beam is fixed on the second connecting beam through positioning bolts. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种宽频能量采集的涡振压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述横梁左右两侧的安装有连接梁三；所述线性弹簧的两端固定有连接部件；所述线性弹簧的一端通过连接部件与连接梁三连接，另一端通过连接部件与空心圆柱的内侧壁连接。5 . The vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device for broadband energy collection according to claim 1 , wherein the left and right sides of the beam are provided with connecting beams 3; the two ends of the linear spring are fixed with connecting parts. 6 . ; One end of the linear spring is connected with the connecting beam three through the connecting part, and the other end is connected with the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder through the connecting part. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种宽频能量采集的涡振压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括旋转底座、支架；所述支架安装在旋转底座上；所述横梁固定在支架。6 . The vortex vibration piezoelectric power generation device for broadband energy harvesting according to claim 1 , wherein the device further comprises a rotating base and a support; the support is installed on the rotating base; the beam is fixed on the rotating base. 7 . bracket.
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CN113364351B (en) * 2021-07-05 2022-12-20 浙江师范大学 A device and method for collecting electrical energy by using vortex-induced vibration around a double cone

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