CN111639458A - Milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube and design method thereof - Google Patents
Milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111639458A CN111639458A CN202010304567.3A CN202010304567A CN111639458A CN 111639458 A CN111639458 A CN 111639458A CN 202010304567 A CN202010304567 A CN 202010304567A CN 111639458 A CN111639458 A CN 111639458A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/27—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/08—Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation
Abstract
The invention relates to a milliohm level thin-wall resistance tube and a design method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: according to the characteristics and the design requirements of an input power supply of the electric heating device, a finite element method is adopted for carrying out thermal analysis calculation, the length, the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the thin-wall resistance tube are determined, and the resistance ratio of the thin-wall resistance tube to the whole device and the room temperature resistance value range are determined; determining the material of the thin-wall resistance tube; the resistance value of the resistance tube is improved by adopting a method of forming a resistance groove on the thin-wall resistance tube; modeling according to a designed thin-wall resistance tube, performing working condition simulation analysis by adopting a finite element method, and verifying resistance and structural stability by combining the existing resistance tube material object and test data. The technical scheme of the invention is reasonable and efficient, and the design process mainly depends on computer simulation analysis and verification, thereby effectively reducing the design cost, shortening the design period and improving the design accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of reactor engineering, and particularly relates to a milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube for a reactor element out-of-stack power generation test and a design method thereof.
Background
In the design process of the reactor, factors such as safety, high efficiency, economy and the like are considered in the out-of-reactor test stage, and an electric heating device is adopted to replace nuclear fuel for heating to carry out the power generation performance test. The electric heating device is required to meet the temperature and distribution requirements of simulating the heating of nuclear fuel and meet the structural stability requirement of long-time service at high temperature. The thin-wall resistance tube is a core component of the electric heating device, and the thin-wall resistance tube is required to be as follows: (1) can continuously operate for a long time in the temperature range of 1500-2200 ℃ and keep the structural stability; (2) the size is 13-15mm of outer diameter, 0.3-0.5mm of wall thickness, 350mm of length 250 and the room temperature resistance value is more than or equal to 5m omega; (3) under the vertical installation and operation state, the axial direction has high-temperature creep deformation compensation capability, and meanwhile, the radial direction is ensured not to generate bending deformation.
Under the conditions that the size is strictly restricted and high-temperature long-time stable operation is required, high requirements are put on the design of the resistance tube. The design of the resistance tube is always an international research hotspot and difficulty, and Russia firstly makes a certain breakthrough in the field. At present, finished products are purchased abroad or manufactured in a simulated mode at home, and no independent design capability exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube and a reasonable and feasible thin-wall resistance tube design method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube is made of metal or alloy material which can stably work at 1500-2200 ℃ for a long time, the length, the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the resistance tube are obtained by carrying out thermal analysis calculation by a finite element method according to design requirements, a plurality of resistance grooves are formed in the thin-wall resistance tube to improve the resistance value of the resistance tube, the resistance grooves extend along the circumferential direction of the tube wall, the number of the grooves formed in the tube wall of the same radial section of the thin-wall resistance tube is more than or equal to 2, and the length of a single groove is less than 1/2 of the circumference of the resistance.
Further, as for the milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube, resistance grooves formed in the tube wall of the same radial section of the thin-wall resistance tube are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the thin-wall resistance tube.
Further, the milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube is characterized in that the width of the resistance groove is 0.1-1 mm.
Further, as for the milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube, two ends of the thin-wall resistance tube are provided with reserved sections for assembling with the heater device, and the length of the connecting section between two adjacent radial sections provided with the resistance groove is greater than or equal to 1 mm.
Further, the milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube is characterized in that the length of the thin-wall resistance tube is 250-350mm, the outer diameter of the thin-wall resistance tube is 13-15mm, and the wall thickness of the thin-wall resistance tube is 0.3-0.5 mm.
A design method of the milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the characteristics and the design requirements of an input power supply of the electric heating device, a finite element method is adopted for carrying out thermal analysis calculation, the length, the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the thin-wall resistance tube are determined, and the resistance ratio of the thin-wall resistance tube to the whole device and the room temperature resistance value range are determined;
(2) determining the material of the thin-wall resistance tube;
(3) the resistance value of the resistance tube is improved by adopting a method of forming a resistance groove on the thin-wall resistance tube;
(4) modeling according to a designed thin-wall resistance tube, performing working condition simulation analysis by adopting a finite element method, and verifying resistance and structural stability by combining the existing resistance tube material object and test data.
Further, in the above design method, the input power characteristics and design requirements of the electric heating apparatus in step (1) include: the size of the nuclear fuel to be replaced, the working temperature, the power of the electric heating device, and the voltage and the current of the external power supply.
Further, according to the design method, the length of the thin-wall resistance tube determined in the step (1) is 250-350mm, the outer diameter is 13-15mm, and the wall thickness is 0.3-0.5 mm; the resistance of the thin-wall resistance tube to the whole device accounts for 65-85%, and the room temperature resistance value is more than or equal to 5m omega.
Further, according to the design method, the material of the thin-wall resistance tube determined in the step (2) is a metal or alloy material capable of stably working at 1500-2200 ℃ for a long time.
Further, according to the above design method, the resistance groove formed in the thin-wall resistance tube in step (3) needs to satisfy the following requirements: the resistance value of the resistance tube after slotting meets the design and calculation requirements; the requirements of stress and structural stability in the high-temperature long-term service process are met, and the service axial creep deformation in a vertical state does not cause radial bending.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention completely provides a design scheme of a milliohm-level thin-wall resistor tube structure, and provides powerful support for research and production in related fields.
2. The technical scheme of the invention is reasonable and efficient, the design process mainly depends on computer simulation analysis and verification, the design cost is effectively reduced, the design period is shortened, and the design accuracy is improved.
3. The design principle of the invention is obtained based on a large amount of calculation data analysis, and meanwhile, the design principle is accurate and reliable through repeated computer simulation and physical test data verification, thereby having high reference value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the grooving structure of the milliohm-level thin-walled resistor tube of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The invention provides a milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube and a design method thereof, and the specific design method comprises the following steps:
(1) thermal and resistance calculation
According to the characteristics and design requirements of an input power supply of the electric heating device, the size and the working temperature of nuclear fuel to be replaced are specifically included; power of the electrical heating device; voltage and current of an external power supply. Performing thermal analysis and calculation by using a finite element method to determine the length (250-350mm), the outer diameter (13-15mm) and the wall thickness (0.3-0.5mm) of the thin-wall resistance tube; and determining the resistance ratio (65-85%) of the thin-wall resistance tube to the whole device, wherein the room-temperature resistance value is more than or equal to 5m omega.
(2) Material selection
The resistance tube stably works at 1500-2200 ℃ for a long time, has conductivity and better mechanical property, and can be prepared only by selecting refractory metals and alloy materials thereof with high melting point and good high-temperature property.
(3) Optimizing resistor tube structure to improve resistance
After the material selection analysis through the thermal engineering and resistance value calculation, the sizes (length, outer diameter and wall thickness) and the room temperature resistance value of the resistance tube material are determined values. The resistance value of the resistance tube calculated according to the determined values is far less than 5m omega, and according to the resistance law, under the condition that the material, the length and the sectional area are determined, the resistance value of the resistance tube can be improved only by changing the structure of the resistance tube. The specific method is to open a resistance groove on the thin-wall resistance tube, on one hand, the distance of the current actually flowing through the resistance tube is increased, and on the other hand, the current flowing area is reduced, so that the resistance is increased.
The design of the slotting structure simultaneously meets the following requirements: 1) the resistance value of the resistance tube after slotting meets the design and calculation requirements; 2) the requirements of stress and structural stability in the high-temperature long-term service process are met, namely the axial creep deformation in the service in a vertical state does not cause radial bending.
The design principle of the specific slotting structure is as follows: 1) the resistance grooves extend along the circumferential direction of the pipe wall, the number of grooves on the pipe wall with the same radial section is more than or equal to 2, and the grooves are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction; 2) the width of the single groove is 0.1-1mm, and the length of the single groove is less than 1/2 the perimeter of the resistance tube; 3) the distance between two adjacent radial sections of the resistance tube is more than or equal to 1mm, and the number of the grooves is determined according to the resistance value and the structural requirement.
(4) Computer simulation and physical verification
Modeling is carried out according to the designed thin-wall resistance tube, then working condition simulation analysis is carried out by adopting finite element software, and meanwhile resistance value and structural stability verification is carried out by combining the existing resistance tube material object and test data.
Example 1
The out-of-pile test stage of a certain nuclear power reactor fuel element considers the factors of safety, high efficiency, economy and the like, and an electric heating device is adopted to replace nuclear fuel for heating to carry out the power generation performance test. The design requirement is to be able to simulate the heating regime of a loaded 370mm high 14mm diameter nuclear fuel. The maximum current 200A and the voltage 36V are input by an external power supply. The thin-wall resistance tube is required to be capable of stably operating at the temperature of 2200 ℃ for a long time, the rated electric power of the electric heating device is 5kW, and the ratio of the resistance of the thin-wall resistance tube to the resistance of the whole device is more than or equal to 65%. According to the design requirements, the thin-wall resistance tube is designed as follows:
(1) thermal and resistance calculation
According to the design requirements, a finite element method is adopted to carry out thermal analysis calculation, and the thin-wall resistance tube with the length of 300mm, the outer diameter of 14mm, the wall thickness of 0.4mm and the resistance value of 12m omega is determined to meet the requirements.
(2) Material selection
The material can stably work at 2200 ℃ for a long time, has good mechanical property, and can be prepared only by selecting tungsten materials with high melting point, good high-temperature property and low high-temperature evaporation rate.
(3) Optimizing resistor tube structure to improve resistance
Through the thermal engineering and resistance calculation, the resistance of the thin-wall tungsten tube with the length of 300mm, the outer diameter of 14mm and the wall thickness of 0.4mm is far smaller than 12m omega, and only by forming a resistance groove on the thin-wall resistance tube, the distance that current actually flows through the resistance tube is increased, and meanwhile, the resistance is increased by reducing the flowing area of the current.
According to the design principle of the slotting structure provided by the invention, the concrete slotting scheme is as follows: the tungsten tube is characterized in that grooves are formed in the axial direction of 3.7mm from two ends of a 300mm long thin-wall tungsten tube, a reserved section 1 is arranged from the end part to 3.7mm, the reserved section 1 is used for being assembled and welded with a heater device, 3 grooves 2 are uniformly formed in the tube wall of the same radial section, the length of a connecting section 3 between the radial sections of two adjacent grooves is 2mm, the central angle between the middle points of the grooves is 120 degrees, the width of each groove is 0.3mm, and the specific structure is shown in figure 1.
(4) Computer simulation and physical verification
The designed thin-wall resistance tube is subjected to working condition simulation analysis by adopting a finite element method, and meanwhile, resistance and structural stability verification is carried out by combining the existing material object and test data, and the result shows that the resistance and the structure of the thin-wall resistance tube meet the design requirements.
Example 2
In the out-of-pile test stage of certain nuclear reactor fuel elements, an electric heating device is adopted to replace nuclear fuel to heat so as to carry out power generation performance test. The design requirement can simulate the temperature and the distribution state of the nuclear fuel with the loading height of 300mm and the diameter of 13 mm; the maximum input current of the external power supply is 180A, and the voltage is 30V; the thin-wall resistance tube is required to stably operate for a long time at 1600 ℃; the rated electric power of the electric heating device is 4kW, and the ratio of the resistance of the thin-wall resistance tube to the resistance of the whole device is more than or equal to 75 percent. According to the design requirements, the thin-wall resistance tube is designed as follows:
(1) thermal and resistance calculation
According to the design requirements, a finite element method is adopted to carry out thermal analysis calculation, and the thin-wall resistance tube with the length of 280mm, the outer diameter of 13mm, the wall thickness of 0.3mm and the resistance value of 15m omega is determined to meet the requirements.
(2) Material selection
The molybdenum material can stably work at 1600 ℃ for a long time, has good mechanical property, and can be selected to have high melting point, good high-temperature property and low preparation cost.
(3) Optimizing resistor tube structure to improve resistance
Through the thermal engineering and resistance calculation, the resistance of the thin-wall molybdenum tube with the length of 280mm, the outer diameter of 13mm and the wall thickness of 0.3mm is far less than 15m omega, and only by forming a resistance groove on the thin-wall resistance tube, the distance that current actually flows through the resistance tube is increased, and meanwhile, the resistance is increased by reducing the flowing area of the current.
According to the design principle of the slotting structure provided by the invention, the concrete slotting scheme is as follows: the tungsten tube is characterized in that grooves are formed in the positions, 4mm away from the axial direction of two ends of a 280mm long thin-wall tungsten tube, reserved sections 1 are arranged in the positions from the end parts to 4mm, the reserved sections 1 are used for being assembled and welded with a heater device, 4 grooves 2 are uniformly formed in the tube wall of the same radial section, the length of a connecting section 3 between the radial sections of two adjacent grooves is 1.2mm, the central angle between the middle points of the adjacent grooves is 90 degrees, the width of each groove is 0.4mm, and the specific structure is shown in figure 1.
(4) Computer simulation and physical verification
The designed thin-wall resistance tube is subjected to working condition simulation analysis by adopting a finite element method, and meanwhile, resistance and structural stability verification is carried out by combining the existing material object and test data, and the result shows that the resistance and the structure of the thin-wall resistance tube meet the design requirements.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube is characterized in that a metal or alloy material capable of stably working at 1500-2200 ℃ for a long time is adopted, the length, the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the resistance tube are obtained by performing thermal analysis and calculation through a finite element method according to design requirements, a plurality of resistance grooves are formed in the thin-wall resistance tube to improve the resistance value of the resistance tube, the resistance grooves extend along the circumferential direction of the tube wall, the number of the grooves formed in the tube wall of the same radial section of the thin-wall resistance tube is more than or equal to 2, and the length of a single groove is less than 1/2 of the circumference of the resistance.
2. A milliohm-scale thin-walled resistance tube as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resistance slots formed in the wall of the same radial cross-section of the thin-walled resistance tube are evenly distributed along the circumference of the thin-walled resistance tube.
3. A milliohm-scale thin-walled resistor tube as claimed in claim 1 wherein the width of the resistor slot is 0.1-1 mm.
4. A milliohm-scale thin-walled resistance tube as claimed in claim 1, wherein both ends of the thin-walled resistance tube are provided with reserved sections for assembling with a heater device, and the length of the connecting section between the radial sections of two adjacent open resistance slots is greater than or equal to 1 mm.
5. The milliohm-scale thin-walled resistor tube of claim 1, wherein the thin-walled resistor tube has a length of 250-350mm, an outer diameter of 13-15mm, and a wall thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm.
6. A design method of the milliohm-scale thin-walled resistor tube as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, comprising:
(1) according to the characteristics and the design requirements of an input power supply of the electric heating device, a finite element method is adopted for carrying out thermal analysis calculation, the length, the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the thin-wall resistance tube are determined, and the resistance ratio of the thin-wall resistance tube to the whole device and the room temperature resistance value range are determined;
(2) determining the material of the thin-wall resistance tube;
(3) the resistance value of the resistance tube is improved by adopting a method of forming a resistance groove on the thin-wall resistance tube;
(4) modeling according to a designed thin-wall resistance tube, performing working condition simulation analysis by adopting a finite element method, and verifying resistance and structural stability by combining the existing resistance tube material object and test data.
7. The design method of claim 6, wherein the electrical heating device input power characteristics and design requirements of step (1) comprise: the size of the nuclear fuel to be replaced, the working temperature, the power of the electric heating device, and the voltage and the current of the external power supply.
8. The design method as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the thin-walled resistor tube determined in step (1) has a length of 250-350mm, an outer diameter of 13-15mm and a wall thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm; the resistance of the thin-wall resistance tube to the whole device accounts for 65-85%, and the room temperature resistance value is more than or equal to 5m omega.
9. The design method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the material of the thin-walled resistance tube determined in the step (2) is a metal or alloy material capable of stably operating at 1500 ℃ -2200 ℃ for a long time.
10. The design method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step (3) of forming the resistor groove on the thin-wall resistor tube satisfies the following requirements: the resistance value of the resistance tube after slotting meets the design and calculation requirements; the requirements of stress and structural stability in the high-temperature long-term service process are met, and the service axial creep deformation in a vertical state does not cause radial bending.
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| CN202010304567.3A CN111639458A (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube and design method thereof |
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| CN202010304567.3A CN111639458A (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Milliohm-level thin-wall resistance tube and design method thereof |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4720624A (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1988-01-19 | Doryokuro Kakunenryo Kaihatsu Jigyodan | Non-uniform resistance heating tubes |
-
2020
- 2020-04-17 CN CN202010304567.3A patent/CN111639458A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4720624A (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1988-01-19 | Doryokuro Kakunenryo Kaihatsu Jigyodan | Non-uniform resistance heating tubes |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 常德功;邵元浩;田成成;鞠云鹏;高善豪;李松梅;: "散装饮料自动售货机加热管的优化设计" * |
| 郭强;贾海军;银华强;邹贵生;: "管壁直接加热式大功率电加热组件的研制" * |
| 雷华桢;: "燃料与包壳高温热循环试验装置设计" * |
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