CN111638554B - Marine seismic data receiving system and data processing method - Google Patents
Marine seismic data receiving system and data processing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111638554B CN111638554B CN202010512375.1A CN202010512375A CN111638554B CN 111638554 B CN111638554 B CN 111638554B CN 202010512375 A CN202010512375 A CN 202010512375A CN 111638554 B CN111638554 B CN 111638554B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- data
- seismic
- channel
- cable
- dummy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
- G01V1/3843—Deployment of seismic devices, e.g. of streamers
- G01V1/3852—Deployment of seismic devices, e.g. of streamers to the seabed
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
- G01V1/181—Geophones
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
- G01V1/186—Hydrophones
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/22—Transmitting seismic signals to recording or processing apparatus
- G01V1/223—Radioseismic systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
- G01V1/3808—Seismic data acquisition, e.g. survey design
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Oceanography (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a marine seismic data receiving system and a data processing method. The data receiving system comprises a seismic cable with a plurality of seismic channels and a seismic data recording system; the seismic traces are divided into at least two types, including: the actual process is as follows: a detector is arranged in the track; dumb way: no detector is arranged in the track; the seismic data recording system includes: a data acquisition unit: the system is used for acquiring actual seismic wave data acquired by the in-channel detectors and incomplete shot set data fed back by the dumb channels; a data reconstruction unit: the method is used for reconstructing incomplete shot set data. The method comprises the steps that a seismic data recording system records seismic data uploaded by a plurality of seismic cable data; recovering the activity of the dummy channel, and reconstructing the data of the dummy channel; and taking the data collected by the real channel detectors and the dumb channel reconstruction data as marine seismic data. The system and the method can improve the transverse resolution of the seismic acquisition data and the robustness of the seismic receiving system by reconstructing the dumb channel data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine seismic exploration, in particular to a marine seismic data receiving system and a seismic data processing method.
Background
The marine multichannel seismic exploration system mainly comprises a seismic source and a seismic signal receiving system, and an auxiliary navigation positioning system is needed. The seismic source may be an air gun source, a spark source, boomer source, etc. The seismic signal receiving system comprises a marine multichannel seismic streamer and a multichannel seismic data recording system. During marine seismic operation, one or more multi-channel seismic streamers are towed in the seawater at the stern of a seismic survey vessel, and the streamers are spread in parallel along the sea surface. And the multi-channel seismic towline tows and receives the seismic reflection signals, converts sound pressure signals into digital signals and transmits the digital signals to the multi-channel seismic data recording system. The multichannel seismic data recording system records multichannel seismic data and displays the waveform and the channel section of the seismic multichannel in real time, and a user sets construction parameters such as sampling intervals, sampling points and the like of the marine multichannel seismic streamers through the multichannel seismic data recording system.
The inter-trace distance of a seismic signal receiving system is an important index affecting the lateral resolution of a seismic survey. The smaller the track pitch, the higher the lateral resolution. Underground bodies with subsurface dimensions greater than half a track pitch are theoretically distinguishable from the offset time profile. Traditionally, the inter-trace spacing of seismic receiving systems used in marine hydrocarbon resource exploration is typically 25m or 12.5m. In recent years, to increase the lateral resolution of seismic recordings, new marine resource exploration of natural gas hydrates and the like has tended to use higher density seismic streamers with smaller trace separations, e.g., reduced to 6.25m,3.125m, or less. However, under the condition of the same arrangement length, the reduction of the channel spacing leads to more channels and more data transmission loads of the earthquake receiving system, thereby increasing the manufacturing cost of the system and reducing the robustness of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a marine seismic data acquisition system and a data processing method.
In order to achieve the above object, in some embodiments of the present invention, the following technical solutions are provided:
a marine seismic data receiving system includes a seismic cable having a plurality of seismic traces and a seismic data recording system;
the seismic traces are divided into at least two types, including:
the actual process is as follows: a detector is arranged in the track;
dumb way: no detector is arranged in the track;
the seismic data recording system includes:
a data acquisition unit: the system is used for acquiring actual seismic wave data acquired by the in-channel detectors and incomplete shot set data fed back by the dumb channels;
A data reconstruction unit: the method is used for reconstructing incomplete shot set data.
In some embodiments of the invention, the data receiving and processing system further comprises:
quality control unit: the method comprises the steps of receiving real channel and dummy channel data, obtaining the real channel and dummy channel configuration of a seismic cable, and generating a dummy channel configuration parameter file;
and the data reconstruction unit further performs reconstruction of incomplete shot set data according to the dummy channel configuration parameter file.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the dummy tracks and the real tracks are distributed at equal intervals, and the number of the dummy tracks is not less than the number of the real tracks.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of detectors are disposed in the real channel, and the plurality of detectors are connected in series.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the seismic cable comprises a leading section, a front shock section, a working section, a rear shock section, a tail cable and a tail ring in sequence along the length direction of the seismic cable;
the actual channel adopts the following distribution:
The method comprises the steps of dividing a seismic cable working section into N working subsections, dividing each subsection into mu small sections, and randomly arranging a real channel at any position in the mu small sections.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the seismic cable includes data packets, which are arranged between working subsections at intervals, each working subsection corresponds to one data packet for data acquisition of the working subsection; and the data acquisition unit is in data communication with the data transmission packet.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the seismic cable further includes a digital packet disposed within the working subsections, between the seismic traces, for collecting data of the real traces and the dummy traces and transmitting to the digital packet.
In some embodiments of the present invention, there is further provided a marine seismic data processing method, implemented based on the marine seismic receiving system described in any one of the above, including the steps of:
After the offshore operation is started, the seismic data recording system records seismic data uploaded by a plurality of seismic cable data;
Recovering the activity of the dummy channel, and reconstructing the data of the dummy channel into the data without the shot set;
based on the data collected by the real channel detector and the dummy channel reconstruction data, the data is used as marine seismic data.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of: before the offshore operation starts, the seismic data recording system automatically acquires the configuration conditions of the dummy channel and the real channel of the seismic cable, generates a dummy channel configuration file, and performs the reconstruction of the dummy channel data based on the dummy channel configuration file.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of: if the real channel in the seismic cable fails, the failed real channel is configured as a dummy channel.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The seismic channel is divided into a real channel and a dummy channel, a detector is not arranged in the dummy channel, so that the distance between the seismic acquisition channels is further compressed, the dummy channel data is reconstructed by a data reconstruction method, and the transverse resolution of the seismic acquisition data is improved. Under the field fault condition of the seismic data acquisition system, the fault seismic channel is converted into a dumb channel, normal operation of the earthquake is not affected, and the robustness of the earthquake receiving system is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a marine seismic data receiving system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a seismic cable construction;
FIG. 3a is a schematic view of a seismic cable working section;
FIG. 3b is an enlarged view of a portion of a seismic cable working section;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cable core;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a digital packet-to-seismic trace data transmission architecture;
FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of a prior art seismic trace structure;
FIG. 6b is a schematic view of a trace structure according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6c is a schematic view of a trace structure according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a multi-channel seismic data receiving system;
FIG. 8a is a flow chart of the operation of the data receiving system;
FIG. 8b is a flow chart of the data receiving system operation;
1-multiple seismic cables; 2-preamble section; 3-a front shock absorption section; 4-a rear shock absorption section; 5-tail cable; 6-tail ring;
7-working subsections; 701-seismic trace; 7011-real track; 7012-dumb tracks; 702-digital package; 703-cable core; 7301-power transmission cable; 7302-an inner shield layer; 7303-aramid fiber bearing layer; 7304-signal transmission cable; 7305-an outer shield layer; 7306 applying a protective layer;
8-data transmission package.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The terms "connected," "communication," and the like may refer to direct connection between components, direct communication, or indirect connection between components.
The invention provides a marine seismic data receiving system which is used for collecting and processing marine seismic data. The system can reconstruct marine seismic data for application in the fields of resource exploration and the like.
The marine seismic data receiving system is realized based on a seismic cable, and the seismic cable is arranged in the ocean in a ship dragging mode to acquire real-time data.
The data receiving system includes a seismic cable having a plurality of seismic traces and a seismic data recording system, the structure of which is referred to in FIG. 1.
The seismic cable is structurally divided into a front guide section 2, a front shock absorption section 3, a working section and a rear shock absorption section 4, and the structure is shown in fig. 2. In addition, the device also comprises a data transmission packet 8, a tail cable 5 and a tail ring 6, and the structure is shown in fig. 2. The leading section 2 is used for towing the towing cable to work and transmitting signals; the front shock absorption section 3 is used for reducing the vibration of the ship body to the towing rope and reducing noise; the rear shock absorption section 4 is used for balancing the towing rope and reducing the swinging of the towing rope; the working section is the main body of the multi-channel seismic streamer and is composed of a plurality of working subsections 7, and mainly comprises a seismic channel 701, a digital packet 702, a cable core 703 and a buoyancy filler. The cable core has a structure as shown in fig. 4, and includes a power transmission cable 7301, an inner shielding layer 7302, an aramid fiber bearing layer 7303, a signal transmission cable 7304, an outer shielding layer 7305 and an external coating protective layer 7306. Wherein the aramid fiber bearing layer 7303 is woven by aramid fibers, and is used for bearing the tensile force of the towing rope during marine operation and protecting the power transmission cable, the signal transmission cable and the like from being stressed; the signal transmission cable 7304 is responsible for the transmission of hydrophone signals, and the signal transmission of control commands and states of tail equipment of the towing rope, and can be a metal cable or an optical fiber; an inner shielding layer 7302 for shielding external electromagnetic interference; the external protective layer 7306 is a waterproof and wear-resistant material coating layer for protecting the cable core from external force damage, and the waterproof and wear-resistant material coating layer can be made of polyether polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer and can contain filler additives such as ultraviolet absorbent, dibutyl phthalate and the like. The power transmission cable 7301 is divided into two pairs, one pair of twisted pair cables is used for supplying power to the data transmission package, and the other pair of twisted pair cables is used for supplying power to tail equipment (the tail equipment of the towing cable comprises an electric spark source, a plasma source, an electromechanical vibrator, an electric marine vibrator, an electromagnetic source, a source adopting piezoelectric materials, a source adopting magnetostriction materials and the like); the buoyancy filler is a solid flexible buoyancy filler which provides buoyancy for the towing rope and configures the towing rope to be near zero buoyancy, and the solid flexible buoyancy filler is hinge low-pressure high-density polyethylene HDPE and can contain filler aids such as ultraviolet absorbent, defoaming agent and the like.
The seismic traces are divided into at least two types according to whether detectors are arranged in the seismic traces or not:
Real channel 7011: a detector is arranged in the track; the detector can be in the forms of a hydrophone, a pressure sensor, a speed sensor, an acceleration sensor and the like, and can be configured according to detection requirements; according to the requirement, 1 or more detectors can be arranged in each real channel, and if a plurality of detectors are adopted, the detectors are connected in series;
Dumb trace 7012: no detector is arranged in the track;
the seismic data recording system includes:
a data acquisition unit: the system is used for acquiring actual seismic wave data acquired by the in-channel detectors and incomplete shot set data fed back by the dumb channels;
A data reconstruction unit: the method is used for reconstructing incomplete shot set data; in this embodiment, the data reconstruction unit is implemented based on a reconstruction server.
In the above structure, the number of dummy traces 7012 may be 0 to 9 times that of real traces 7011, that is, the interval between the seismic traces may be compressed to 1/10 in extreme cases;
The setting of the dummy channel 7012 can compress the channel distance of seismic acquisition and improve the transverse resolution of the seismic acquisition data, but along with the increase of the duty ratio of the dummy channel 7012, the calculated amount and difficulty of reconstructing and recovering the incomplete shot set data into the non-incomplete shot set data are increased, so that the duty ratio of the dummy channel 7012 needs to be controlled within a reasonable range. In a preferred embodiment, the number of dummy traces 7012 is 1-3 times the number of real traces and the trace spacing can be compressed to 1/2-1/4.
With further reference to FIG. 2, the working segment comprises a plurality of seismic traces, and the distance between the center points of adjacent two seismic traces in the working segment is referred to as trace spacing a; if there are multiple detectors in the seismic trace, the distance between the center points of two adjacent detectors is referred to as the group spacing b.
In the prior art, the arrangement form of the seismic traces is shown in fig. 6a, and each seismic trace is a real trace defined by the invention and is provided with a detector.
Different from the prior art, in each working section of the seismic cable, the real channel 7011 and the dummy channel 7012 are randomly distributed, and the following two specific implementation forms are specifically provided.
In one embodiment, the first embodiment is a semiconductor device.
The total length of the seismic cable is divided into N subsections, each subsection is divided into mu subsections, and a real channel is randomly arranged at any position in the mu subsections.
Specific examples are:
The total length of the working section of the seismic channel is L=3000 m;
Total number of seismic traces n=480;
real channel number m=240;
dummy track mp=μn=240;
number of dummy tracks: number of real tracks = 240:240 = 1:1;
m: n=real number: total number of seismic traces = 240:480 = 1:2;
Track pitch d=l/n=6.25 m;
Dividing the working section into N sections according to the total length (L), dividing each section into mu (mu=2 in the implementation) sections, randomly selecting 1 section from 2 sections of each section to arrange detectors as a real channel, and using the other section as a dummy channel. Thus, the total solid streamer was produced with 480 traces, 6.25m (dp=6.25 m) trace spacing, and 50% sparsity. The implementation is shown in fig. 6 b. The dummy channels and the real channels are arranged randomly, the dummy channels and the real seismic channels are arranged randomly according to a ratio of 1:1, and the random arrangement method can adopt Jittered, LDPC matrix, segmentation random and other methods.
In the second embodiment, the first embodiment is a configuration.
Further, the structure shown in fig. 6c may be employed. The working section is divided into 160 sections, each section is divided into 3 small sections, one arrangement detector is randomly selected from each 3 small sections to serve as a real channel, and the other two small sections serve as dummy channels. Specific:
Total length of working segment ll=3000 m;
The real channel number NpN =160;
The number NN of dummy lanes=320;
number of seismic traces n=480;
number of dummy tracks: actual number of traces = 2:1;
m: n = real number of seismic traces: total number of seismic traces = 160:480 = 1:3;
the track pitch d=l/n=6.25 m.
The above is only two specific embodiments, and in practical application, the arrangement of the real channel 7011 and the dummy channel 7012 in the working sub-section may also take other forms. Different layout forms realize different track pitch compression effects.
With further reference to fig. 2, in order to implement the acquisition of the seismic cable data, a digital packet and a data transmission packet are further provided.
The data transmission package interval is arranged between the working sections and is responsible for collecting the seismic channel data of the working sections, the data transmission package comprises one or more FPGA chips and SerDes chips and is responsible for collecting, arranging, compressing, packaging and uploading the arrived digital package data step by step, and finally the arrived digital package data arrive at the multi-channel seismic data recording system. The data transmission packet is used as a relay of a power supply at the same time, and the power supply provided by the investigation ship is transmitted backward step by step; and simultaneously, the functional sections of the adjacent multi-channel towlines are connected as mechanical connection components.
The digital packet comprises 1 or more analog-to-digital conversion chips and a microcontroller chip, is arranged in the working subsection, and is between the real channel and the dummy channel and is responsible for collecting seismic channel data and transmitting the seismic channel data to the digital packet. In this embodiment, each digital packet is responsible for 8 seismic traces, including real seismic traces and dummy traces.
And the data acquisition unit of the seismic data recording system is in data communication with the data transmission packet to acquire seismic cable seismic channel data. A data reconstruction unit: the method is used for reconstructing incomplete shot set data.
In some embodiments of the invention, the data receiving and processing system further comprises:
Quality control unit: the method comprises the steps of receiving real channel and dummy channel data, obtaining the real channel and dummy channel configuration of a seismic cable, and generating a dummy channel configuration parameter file; specifically, the quality control unit is communicated with the data acquisition unit to acquire data of a real channel and a dummy channel;
and the data reconstruction unit further performs reconstruction of incomplete shot set data according to the dummy channel configuration parameter file.
Because the number of real channels and dummy channels in the seismic cable can be configured according to the needs, and the frequently used seismic cable can be set as the dummy channels through manual configuration if the real channels fail. The quality control unit is used for acquiring the configuration information of the real channel and the dummy channel so as to be used for the data reconstruction unit to refer to for data reconstruction.
Based on the above marine seismic data receiving system, in some embodiments of the invention, a marine seismic data processing method is further provided. The method comprises the following steps:
After the offshore operation is started, the seismic data recording system records seismic data uploaded by a plurality of seismic cable data;
Recovering the activity of the dummy channel, and reconstructing the data of the dummy channel into the data without the shot set; the method for reconstructing the data can adopt
Based on the data collected by the real channel detector and the dummy channel reconstruction data, the data is used as marine seismic data.
In some embodiments of the present invention, to improve the accuracy of data reconstruction, the method further includes the steps of: before the offshore operation starts, the seismic data recording system automatically acquires the configuration conditions of the dummy channel and the real channel of the seismic cable, generates a dummy channel configuration file, and performs the reconstruction of the dummy channel data based on the dummy channel configuration file.
In some embodiments of the present invention, to improve flexibility of system configuration and data processing accuracy, the method further includes the steps of: if the real channel in the seismic cable fails, the failed real channel is configured as a dummy channel.
Hereinafter, the data processing method will be described in detail.
Referring to fig. 8a, the pre-business workflow.
The real track mark bit is a '1' binary bit, and the dummy track mark bit is a '0' binary bit. Preferably, the dummy trace seismic data is a full "0" or full "1" data string.
(1) A main control server of the multi-channel seismic data recording system enters a pre-industry detection mode;
(2) The main control server sends a command to the connected multi-channel towing cables through the towing cable control interface unit, and the multi-channel towing cables are commanded to upload the states of all the seismic channels;
(3) The quality control client of the multichannel seismic data recording system generates a dummy channel configuration parameter file according to the states of all seismic channels uploaded by the multichannel towlines;
(4) The quality server detects the real seismic channel, and the real seismic channel with faults is detected through testing, so that a user is allowed to configure and update the dummy channel configuration parameter file;
(5) The quality control client sends the dummy channel configuration parameter file to a data reconstruction server;
(6) After the detection is finished, the quality control client generates a detection report, and the main control server exits from the pre-business detection mode.
Through pre-industry operation, before the marine seismic operation starts, automatic pre-industry detection is carried out on a plurality of seismic streamers, and according to the dummy channel marks and the real channel marks reported by the data transmission packets, the configuration conditions of the dummy channels and the real seismic channels of each streamer are automatically acquired, and a dummy channel configuration parameter file is generated. And (3) detecting the real seismic channel with faults before the industry, allowing a user to configure the fault channel as a dummy channel, and updating a dummy channel configuration parameter file.
Referring to FIG. 8b, the seismic workflow.
(1) A user configures operation parameters such as a focus excitation interval, a record length and the like through a main control server;
(2) The main control server sends the user configuration parameters to a plurality of towlines through the towline control interface unit;
(3) The master control server enters an earthquake operation acquisition mode;
(4) Waiting for a blasting trigger signal;
(5) Receiving a blasting trigger signal, commanding a plurality of towlines to receive seismic signals by a main control server, and recording incomplete plurality of seismic data containing dummy channels uploaded by the towlines by the main control server;
(6) The main control server returns to the step4 for execution;
(7) The quality control client analyzes and displays incomplete multi-channel seismic data containing dummy channels;
(8) And (3) performing field processing on incomplete shot set data when the data rebuilding server is used for recovering the activity of the dumb channels, and rebuilding the incomplete shot set data. The reconstruction algorithm mainly comprises the following steps: convex optimization algorithms, greedy algorithms, combinatorial algorithms, bayesian algorithms, etc.;
(9) The quality control client analyzes and displays the shot set data.
In the earthquake operation, the data reconstruction server, the reconstructed shot gather data are high-density small-track-distance multi-track earthquake data for recording and subsequent processing and explanation, and can doubly improve the transverse resolution of the submarine stratum of the earthquake detection operation. The data reconstruction server is relatively independent of the main control server, and the compression perception reconstruction process does not influence the receiving of the seismic signals by the multi-channel seismic streamers, the operation of the main control server and other units. The quality control server and the quality control client can display multiple channels of seismic data containing dumb channels in real time, and also can display the rebuilt shot set data without defects
The invention provides a multichannel seismic data recording system and a data processing method, which realize the improvement of the density of seismic channels by arranging dummy channels and recovering the activity of the dummy channels, thereby realizing the improvement of the transverse resolution of marine seismic exploration.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A marine seismic data receiving system comprising a seismic cable having a plurality of seismic traces and a seismic data recording system;
the seismic traces are divided into at least two types, including:
the actual process is as follows: a detector is arranged in the track;
dumb way: no detector is arranged in the track;
the seismic data recording system includes:
a data acquisition unit: the system is used for acquiring actual seismic wave data acquired by the in-channel detectors and incomplete shot set data fed back by the dumb channels;
a data reconstruction unit: the method is used for reconstructing incomplete shot set data; the reconstruction algorithm comprises: convex optimization algorithms, greedy algorithms, combinatorial algorithms, and bayesian algorithms;
quality control unit: the method comprises the steps of receiving real channel and dummy channel data, obtaining the real channel and dummy channel configuration of a seismic cable, and generating a dummy channel configuration parameter file;
The data reconstruction unit further performs reconstruction of incomplete shot set data according to the dummy channel configuration parameter file;
The dummy tracks and the real tracks are randomly distributed, and the number of the dummy tracks is 1-3 times of that of the real tracks; the random arrangement method adopts Jittered, LDPC matrix or piecewise random method;
If the real channel fails, the real channel can be set as a dummy channel through manual configuration;
The seismic cable comprises a working section, and the real channels are distributed as follows:
Dividing the working section of the seismic cable into N working subsections, dividing each subsection into mu small sections, randomly arranging a real channel at any position in the mu small sections, and designing other small sections as dummy channels;
The seismic cable comprises data transmission packets which are arranged between working subsections at intervals, the real channel is marked as 1, the dummy channel is marked as 0, the dummy channel seismic data are all 0 or all 1 data strings, and the data transmission packets can acquire the marks of the real channel and the dummy channel and upload the marks to a data recording system;
The operation flow before the industry:
the dummy trace seismic data is a data string of all 0's or all 1's;
(1) A main control server of the multi-channel seismic data recording system enters a pre-industry detection mode;
(2) The main control server sends a command to the connected multi-channel towing cables through the towing cable control interface unit, and the multi-channel towing cables are commanded to upload the states of all the seismic channels;
(3) The quality control client of the multichannel seismic data recording system generates a dummy channel configuration parameter file according to the states of all seismic channels uploaded by the multichannel towlines;
(4) The quality server detects the real seismic channel, and the real seismic channel with faults is detected through testing, so that a user is allowed to configure and update the dummy channel configuration parameter file;
(5) The quality control client sends the dummy channel configuration parameter file to a data reconstruction server;
(6) After the detection is finished, the quality control client generates a detection report, and the main control server exits from the pre-business detection mode;
Carrying out automatic pre-industry detection on a plurality of seismic streamers before the marine seismic operation starts through pre-industry operation, automatically acquiring the configuration conditions of the dummy channel and the real seismic channel of each streamer according to the dummy channel mark and the real channel mark reported by the data transmission packet, and generating a dummy channel configuration parameter file; for real seismic channels with faults detected and confirmed before industry, allowing a user to configure the fault channels as dummy channels and updating a dummy channel configuration parameter file;
The seismic cable sequentially comprises a front guide section, a front shock absorption section, a working section, a rear shock absorption section, a tail cable and a tail ring along the length direction of the seismic cable; the leading section is used for towing the towing cable to work and transmitting signals; the front shock absorption section is used for reducing the vibration brought by the ship body to the towing rope and reducing noise; the rear shock absorption section is used for balancing the towing rope and reducing the swinging of the towing rope; the working section is a main body of a plurality of seismic streamers and is composed of a plurality of working subsections, and mainly comprises seismic channels, digital bags, cable cores and buoyancy fillers; the cable core comprises a power transmission cable, an inner shielding layer, an aramid fiber bearing layer, a signal transmission cable, an outer shielding layer and an external coating protective layer; the aramid fiber bearing layer is formed by weaving aramid fibers, and is used for bearing the tensile force of the towing rope during offshore operation and protecting the power transmission cable and the signal transmission cable from being stressed; the signal transmission cable is responsible for the transmission of hydrophone signals and the signal transmission of control commands and states of towing cable tail equipment, and is a metal cable or an optical fiber; an inner shielding layer for shielding external electromagnetic interference; the external coating layer is a waterproof and wear-resistant material coating layer which is used for protecting the cable core from being damaged by external force, and the waterproof and wear-resistant material coating layer adopts polyether polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer and comprises an ultraviolet absorbent and dibutyl phthalate filler auxiliary agent; the electric power transmission cable is divided into two pairs of cables, one pair of twisted pair cables is used for supplying power to the data transmission package, the other pair of twisted pair cables is used for supplying power to tail equipment, and the tail equipment of the towing cable comprises an electric spark source, a plasma source, an electromechanical vibrator, an electric marine vibrator, an electromagnetic source, a source adopting piezoelectric materials and a source adopting magnetostriction materials; the buoyancy filler is a solid flexible buoyancy filler which provides buoyancy for the towing rope and configures the towing rope to be near zero buoyancy, and the solid flexible buoyancy filler is hinge low-pressure high-density polyethylene HDPE and comprises an ultraviolet absorbent and a defoaming agent filler auxiliary agent.
2. The marine seismic data receiving system of claim 1, wherein dummy traces and real traces are equally spaced, the number of dummy traces being no less than the number of real traces.
3. A marine seismic data receiving system as claimed in claim 1 wherein a plurality of detectors are provided in the real channel, the plurality of detectors being connected in series.
4. The marine seismic data receiving system of claim 1, wherein each working sub-segment corresponds to a data packet for data acquisition of the working sub-segment; and the data acquisition unit is in data communication with the data transmission packet.
5. The marine seismic data receiving system of claim 4, the seismic cable further comprising digital packets disposed within the working subsections between the seismic traces for acquiring data of real and dummy traces and delivering to the digital packets.
6. A method of marine seismic data processing, implemented on the basis of a marine seismic receiving system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
After the offshore operation is started, the seismic data recording system records seismic data uploaded by a plurality of seismic cable data;
Recovering the activity of the dummy channel, and reconstructing the data of the dummy channel into the data without the shot set;
based on the data collected by the real channel detector and the dummy channel reconstruction data, the data is used as marine seismic data;
if the real channel in the seismic cable fails, configuring the failed real channel as a dummy channel;
Before the offshore operation starts, the seismic data recording system automatically acquires the configuration conditions of the dummy channel and the real channel of the seismic cable, generates a dummy channel configuration file, and performs the reconstruction of the dummy channel data based on the dummy channel configuration file.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010512375.1A CN111638554B (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Marine seismic data receiving system and data processing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010512375.1A CN111638554B (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Marine seismic data receiving system and data processing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111638554A CN111638554A (en) | 2020-09-08 |
| CN111638554B true CN111638554B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
Family
ID=72328571
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010512375.1A Active CN111638554B (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Marine seismic data receiving system and data processing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111638554B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112965193A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-15 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Ocean seismic streamer based on DAS optical fiber |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9600341D0 (en) * | 1996-01-09 | 1996-03-13 | Sofitech Nv | Noise filtering method |
| WO2009148898A2 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-10 | Geco Technology B.V. | Marine seismic streamer system configurations, systems, and methods |
| CN101706584A (en) * | 2009-11-29 | 2010-05-12 | 中国海洋大学 | High-precision oceanic earthquake exploration data acquisition system |
| CA2861103A1 (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-18 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Simultaneous marine vibrators |
| EP2775325A1 (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-09-10 | CGG Services SA | Foldable wing for streamer steering device and method |
| CN104407380A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for processing prestack offset grouped seismic data |
| CN106249291A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2016-12-21 | 东华理工大学 | A kind of high precision seismic data re-establishing method based on two-dimentional non-homogeneous warp wavelet |
| CN107765296A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-06 | 合肥国为电子有限公司 | A kind of wired seismic detector arrangement architecture for being easy to investigate automatically and its investigation method |
| CN207557498U (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-29 | 合肥国为电子有限公司 | A kind of wired seismic detector arrangement architecture convenient for investigating automatically |
| CN108919337A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-30 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Urban underground space system for acquiring seismic data |
| CN109407143A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-03-01 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Compressed sensing based seismic prospecting irregular field setup design method |
| CN109765618A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-17 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | A kind of marine seismic acquisition system and method based on towing cable carrying |
| CN209433023U (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-09-24 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | A kind of nearly bottom pull-type receives cable system for acquiring seismic data at random |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8462583B2 (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2013-06-11 | Woodside Energy Ltd. | Method of marine seismic data acquisition |
| US20110116343A1 (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2011-05-19 | Groenaas Halvor S | Positioning a Seismic Acquisition System Using Electromagnetic Signals |
| US10670752B2 (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2020-06-02 | Cgg Services Sas | Method for iterative inversion of data from non-encoded composite sources |
-
2020
- 2020-06-08 CN CN202010512375.1A patent/CN111638554B/en active Active
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9600341D0 (en) * | 1996-01-09 | 1996-03-13 | Sofitech Nv | Noise filtering method |
| WO2009148898A2 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-10 | Geco Technology B.V. | Marine seismic streamer system configurations, systems, and methods |
| CN101706584A (en) * | 2009-11-29 | 2010-05-12 | 中国海洋大学 | High-precision oceanic earthquake exploration data acquisition system |
| CA2861103A1 (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-18 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Simultaneous marine vibrators |
| EP2775325A1 (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-09-10 | CGG Services SA | Foldable wing for streamer steering device and method |
| CN104407380A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for processing prestack offset grouped seismic data |
| CN106249291A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2016-12-21 | 东华理工大学 | A kind of high precision seismic data re-establishing method based on two-dimentional non-homogeneous warp wavelet |
| CN109407143A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-03-01 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Compressed sensing based seismic prospecting irregular field setup design method |
| CN107765296A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-06 | 合肥国为电子有限公司 | A kind of wired seismic detector arrangement architecture for being easy to investigate automatically and its investigation method |
| CN207557498U (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-29 | 合肥国为电子有限公司 | A kind of wired seismic detector arrangement architecture convenient for investigating automatically |
| CN108919337A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-30 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Urban underground space system for acquiring seismic data |
| CN109765618A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-17 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | A kind of marine seismic acquisition system and method based on towing cable carrying |
| CN209433023U (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-09-24 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | A kind of nearly bottom pull-type receives cable system for acquiring seismic data at random |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 李金山.海洋油气产业发展现状与前景研究.广东经济出版社,2018,第31-36页. * |
| 浅谈海上压缩感知地震勘探;黄小刚;《石油物探》;20190331;第58卷(第2期);正文第162-171页 * |
| 海上多波勘探装备关键技术的突破;韩晓泉,何国信,张在陆;石油仪器(第04期);全文 * |
| 韩晓泉,何国信,张在陆.海上多波勘探装备关键技术的突破.石油仪器.2000,(第04期),全文. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111638554A (en) | 2020-09-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7545703B2 (en) | Marine seismic streamer with varying spacer distances for reducing towing noise | |
| US7881159B2 (en) | Seismic streamers which attentuate longitudinally traveling waves | |
| CN103728658B (en) | Allow the seismic cable of the seismic prospecting of power supply and/or data line failure | |
| EP2372401A1 (en) | Method for towing marine sensor streamers | |
| CN106959466A (en) | Marine seismic acquisition system and method | |
| US20200073000A1 (en) | Wide spread seismic source towing configuration | |
| CN111638554B (en) | Marine seismic data receiving system and data processing method | |
| US9411061B2 (en) | Method for manufacturing a streamer cable | |
| NO20210064A1 (en) | Long-offset acquisition | |
| GB2421078A (en) | Controlling the internal geometry of a seismic streamer during introduction of filler material | |
| CN112817048A (en) | Deep sea seismic data acquisition streamer and acquisition method based on deep sea robot | |
| US20080008034A1 (en) | Marine seismic survey streamer configuration for reducing towing noise | |
| CN111551986A (en) | Seismic source system and operation method thereof | |
| US20130051176A1 (en) | Seismic acquisition using solid streamers | |
| US20060126432A1 (en) | Marine seismic streamer and method for manufacture thereof | |
| US10209382B2 (en) | System and method for deployment and retrieval of seismic nodes along a carrier rope | |
| CN206696442U (en) | Marine seismic acquisition system | |
| CN109765620B (en) | Near-bottom towing type random receiving cable seismic data acquisition system and method | |
| CN212965447U (en) | Marine seismic data receiving system | |
| EP2910977B1 (en) | Method for monitoring an electrical power supply line comprised in a seismic cable, corresponding system, computer program product and non-transitory computer-readable carrier medium | |
| CN111638547A (en) | Double-detection multi-channel marine seismic data receiving system and data processing method | |
| CN109683198B (en) | Multisource random excitation seismic acquisition system for marine earthquake | |
| CN210626678U (en) | Sectional type marine seismic cable | |
| CN212181045U (en) | Seismic source system | |
| CN212965448U (en) | Double-detection multi-channel marine seismic data receiving system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |