CN111638463A - New energy automobile battery diagnostic system based on alternating current impedance - Google Patents
New energy automobile battery diagnostic system based on alternating current impedance Download PDFInfo
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- CN111638463A CN111638463A CN202010517989.9A CN202010517989A CN111638463A CN 111638463 A CN111638463 A CN 111638463A CN 202010517989 A CN202010517989 A CN 202010517989A CN 111638463 A CN111638463 A CN 111638463A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
Abstract
The invention relates to a new energy automobile battery diagnosis system based on alternating current impedance, which comprises: an upper computer unit: the system comprises a PC and a wire harness used for communication, and realizes rapid impedance calculation and battery health state estimation; an excitation unit: the device comprises a power module for providing working voltage for an excitation unit, a CAN transceiver, a singlechip and a current source, wherein the CAN transceiver, the singlechip and the current source are sequentially connected; a data acquisition unit: the sampling card is communicated with a PC through a USB, the sampling resistor is connected into an excitation signal loop, and the sampling card samples voltage and current signals through the sampling harness. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high efficiency, high real-time performance, more reliability, convenient use, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy automobile battery diagnosis, in particular to a new energy automobile battery diagnosis system based on alternating current impedance.
Background
In recent years, new energy automobiles are rapidly developed, lithium ion batteries become one of important automotive power sources of new energy automobiles due to long cycle life, large energy density and wide working temperature range, the energy density of the lithium ion batteries is continuously improved along with the increasingly wide application range of the lithium ion batteries, the service life and the safety problem are more and more prominent, and therefore higher requirements are provided for detecting the health state of the batteries.
The existing real vehicle battery management system estimates the state of health of the battery according to the capacity attenuation of the battery, the method is single, the battery impedance is one of basic parameters of the battery, the battery impedance contains rich battery information, and compared with the capacity, the system can more directly reflect the internal physical and chemical processes of the battery, not only is an important method for discussing the dynamics of material lithium storage and interface reaction, but also provides better diagnosis basis for the service life attenuation of the battery, and has great potential in judging the service performance of the battery.
The impedance measurement method which is widely applied at present is realized by applying small-amplitude sinusoidal current excitation with different frequencies to an electrochemical system, and the method has the advantages of high measurement precision and wide measurement frequency range, but is a typical off-line measurement method, needs a professional frequency response analyzer to realize, has long measurement time and high cost, and ensures that a battery is in a stable state, so the impedance measurement method cannot meet the objective requirements of high efficiency, high real-time property and the like which are necessary for impedance measurement and application of a vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a new energy automobile battery diagnosis system based on alternating-current impedance.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a new energy automobile battery diagnosis system based on alternating current impedance comprises:
an upper computer unit: the system comprises a PC and a wire harness used for communication, and realizes rapid impedance calculation and battery health state estimation;
an excitation unit: the device comprises a power module for providing working voltage for an excitation unit, a CAN transceiver, a singlechip and a current source, wherein the CAN transceiver, the singlechip and the current source are sequentially connected;
a data acquisition unit: the sampling card is communicated with a PC through a USB, the sampling resistor is connected into an excitation signal loop, and the sampling card samples voltage and current signals through the sampling harness.
The PC is provided with:
an excitation parameter setting module: the device is communicated with the excitation unit and is used for setting the excitation current and the excitation time within an allowable range;
a sampling parameter setting module: the data acquisition unit is communicated with the data acquisition unit and is used for setting the sampling frequency within an allowable range;
an impedance fast calculation module: the impedance is quickly calculated, impedance data are stored, and an impedance spectrum is drawn;
a battery state of health estimation module: the method is used for estimating the state of health of the battery according to the impedance data and the temperature and state of charge information during impedance measurement.
The current source comprises:
a digital-to-analog conversion module: the digital control signal is used for receiving the digital control signal of the singlechip and converting the digital control signal into an analog signal;
an operational amplifier module: the amplifier is used for amplifying an analog signal;
a power amplification module: the current amplifier is used for amplifying the current and ensuring that the output current meets the impedance measurement requirement.
The parameters of the data acquisition card are as follows:
sampling channel: 8 differential or 16 single ended;
sampling ADC resolution: 16 bits;
single channel maximum sampling frequency: 250 kS/s;
multichannel integrated maximum sampling frequency: 250 kS/s.
The PC is also provided with:
the system self-diagnosis module: the system is used for displaying the state and the diagnosis information of the system in real time, wherein the state of the system is displayed in real time through a three-color lamp, and a green lamp, a blue lamp and a red lamp respectively represent that the system is in a working state, a standby state and a fault state.
The specific steps for realizing the rapid calculation of the impedance are as follows:
11) exciting a lithium ion battery to be tested and acquiring voltage and current signals u (t) and i (t) in a time domain;
12) converting time domain voltage and current signals to a frequency domain by adopting a signal time-frequency analysis method;
13) and rapidly calculating the battery impedance Z of the lithium ion battery to be tested according to the corresponding relation of the voltage, the current and the battery impedance.
In the step 12), the signal time-frequency analysis method specifically includes wavelet transformation, fourier transformation and generalized S transformation.
In the step 13), the calculation formula of the battery impedance Z of the lithium ion battery to be tested is as follows:
wherein, a and b are respectively a scale factor and a translation factor, and psi (-) is a complex mother wavelet function.
9. The system for diagnosing the new energy automobile battery based on the alternating current impedance according to claim 1, wherein the method for estimating the state of health of the battery specifically comprises the following steps:
21) establishing a charge transfer resistance model among the charge transfer resistance, the temperature and the SOC, which comprises the following steps:
wherein, α1、α2、β0、β1、β2Are all model parameters, and at different battery health states, α2、β0、β1、β2Left unchanged, α1Correcting along with the change of the health state of the battery;
22) at a battery temperature of T0And state of charge is SOC0Under the condition of (1), obtaining a fitting value R of the charge transfer resistance through fitting of a battery impedance spectrumct,0And substituting the charge transfer resistance model into the calculation to obtain a calculated value R of the charge transfer resistancect,0′And obtaining a correction coefficient γ:
23) according to the correction coefficient gamma to the parameter α of the charge transfer resistance model1Making corrections and calculating the SOH at the current state of health of the batterystdNext, the current battery temperature TstdAnd current state of charge SOCstdCorresponding charge transfer resistance Rct,stdThen, there are:
24) defining the state of health of the new battery as SOH 100%, and the state of health of the battery at the end-of-aging state as SOH 0%, according to the state of health of the battery at presentstdLower charge transfer resistance Rct,stdObtaining the current state of health (SOH) of the current batterycurThen, there are:
wherein R isct,EOLThe corresponding charge transfer resistance, R, when the battery aging end state SOH is 0%ct,freshFor new battery state of health SOH100% corresponds to the charge transfer resistance.
In the step 24), the standard state is defined, and when the resistance value of the charge transfer resistor is increased to the state of health of the new battery, the charge transfer resistor R is definedct,freshAt 3 times, at which the battery reaches an aging end state, there are:
Rct,EOL＝3Rct,fresh。
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method is different from the impedance measurement method which is widely applied at present and is excited by applying small-amplitude sinusoidal current with different frequencies to an electrochemical system, combines signal time-frequency analysis and designs a rapid impedance measurement method by utilizing an electric signal of a battery system under the excitation action in a time domain, and has the advantages that the applied excitation time is short; the time-frequency analysis and calculation are accelerated by using fast Fourier transform, so that the traditional discrete solution is avoided, and the speed is high; the battery impedance measurement precision is ensured by reasonably selecting the parameters used for time-frequency analysis, so that the high precision, the high efficiency and the high real-time performance required by the real-time application of the battery impedance of the new energy automobile are realized.
The battery impedance is utilized to contain rich battery information, the impedance is closely related to the electrode process, the aging state estimation by adopting the battery impedance has the characteristic of relatively clear physical significance, the battery health state estimation is realized by battery impedance data under the condition of considering the influence of the battery temperature and the charge state on the impedance, the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the lithium ion battery discovers that the ohmic resistance, the high-frequency SEI film impedance arc and the middle-frequency charge transfer process impedance arc can be influenced by different degrees of the battery aging state, the battery temperature and the charge state, wherein the components of the battery SEI film are different along with the aging mode of the battery, and are reflected on the SEI film resistance, namely, the component has relatively large uncertainty along with the aging of the battery; compared with ohmic resistance, the charge transfer resistance has more obvious change along with temperature and state of charge and more obvious regularity, so that from the viewpoint of ensuring the accuracy of the algorithm, the invention selects the charge transfer resistance to estimate the health state of the battery, thereby providing more reliable diagnosis basis for the battery on the basis of estimating the health state of the battery according to the capacity attenuation of the battery.
Thirdly, the new energy automobile battery diagnosis system based on the alternating-current impedance is simple to operate, convenient to use and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a control flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the excitation unit.
Fig. 4 is a control flow diagram of the excitation unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the diagnostic system includes an upper computer unit, an excitation unit, and a data acquisition unit.
Specifically, the upper computer unit includes a PC, upper computer software, and a harness device for communication. The excitation unit comprises a single chip microcomputer, a current source, a CAN transceiver and a power module. The data acquisition unit comprises a data acquisition card, a sampling resistor and a sampling wire harness. The upper computer unit and the excitation unit adopt CAN communication, and the upper computer unit and the data acquisition unit adopt USB communication.
Fig. 2 is a schematic control flow diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, after the power switch of the power module of the excitation unit is connected and the PC is turned on, the new energy vehicle battery diagnosis system based on the ac impedance of the present invention is powered on, and the system enters the standby state. At this time, the power supply of the sampling unit is realized through a USB port on the PC.
The system is electrified and can be controlled through upper computer software. And (4) turning on the upper computer software, wherein the system is in a standby state, the system diagnosis information on the upper computer software interface is normally displayed, and the blue light is on the system state.
Optionally, before starting measurement, the upper computer may be selected to set parameters of the excitation unit and parameters of the sampling unit. The excitation unit parameter setting comprises the size of excitation current and excitation time, the sampling unit parameter setting comprises sampling frequency, and the system allows two modes of multi-parameter simultaneous setting and single-parameter setting. If the parameter setting is selected before the measurement is started, the parameters of the excitation unit are sent to the excitation unit by the upper computer unit through CAN communication, and the parameters of the sampling unit are sent to the sampling unit by the upper computer unit through a USB port. If the parameter setting is not performed before the measurement is started, the measurement is performed by default according to default values preset by the system.
After parameter setting is completed or skipped, a measurement starting button is clicked on an upper computer interface, an impedance measurement starting command is sent to an excitation unit by the upper computer unit through CAN communication, and the excitation unit applies specific excitation to a battery system to be measured according to the command; the sampling switch of the data acquisition unit is turned on through the USB port, and the data sampling unit samples the electrical signal of the battery system to which the excitation is being applied. The green light is on at the system state.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an excitation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. The excitation unit takes a single chip microcomputer and a current source as cores, a parameter configuration command and an impedance measurement starting command sent by an upper computer unit are converted by a CAN transceiver and then transmitted to the single chip microcomputer for processing, and the single chip microcomputer further controls the current source to generate specific excitation.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a control flow of the excitation unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 4, after the excitation unit is powered on, if the single chip receives a parameter configuration command, it determines the amplitude and time of the current output by the current source according to the parameter value in the command.
After the single chip microcomputer receives an impedance measurement starting command sent by the upper computer unit, the single chip microcomputer sends a SIGNAL to the current source according to the preset excitation parameters, and the SIGNAL current source is controlled to generate specific excitation current to act on the battery system. The current source comprises a digital-to-analog conversion module, an operational amplifier module and a power amplification module,
the digital-to-analog conversion module is responsible for accurately converting the digital SIGNAL sent by the singlechip into an analog SIGNAL;
the operational amplifier module is responsible for realizing a current source;
the power amplification module is responsible for amplifying current and ensuring that the output current meets the impedance measurement requirement.
Different from the impedance measurement method which is widely applied at present and is excited by applying small-amplitude sinusoidal current with different frequencies to an electrochemical system, the waveform of the excitation current generated by the current source is square wave. When the exciting unit exerts an action on the battery system, the data acquisition unit acquires the electric signal of the battery system in real time and sends the electric signal to the upper computer unit. And after the excitation unit stops exciting, the data acquisition unit finishes electric signal sampling, and the upper computer unit processes the electric signal of the battery system.
In the embodiment of the invention, the battery impedance information is obtained by performing signal time-frequency analysis on the electric signal obtained by the sampling unit, and the adopted time-frequency analysis method comprises but is not limited to Fourier transform, wavelet transform and the like. The specific theory and implementation of the rapid impedance measurement of the embodiment of the invention are as follows by taking the wavelet transform example in the time-frequency analysis method.
The battery impedance is a complex number, usually expressed by Z, and the battery internal impedance can be obtained according to the ratio of the voltage and the current variation, as shown in formula (1).
The formula (1) shows that the battery impedance information at the current moment can be calculated only by expressing the time domain signals of the voltage and current variation at the same moment in a complex form.
The time domain input signals of voltage and current are denoted as U (t) and I (t), respectively, and the corresponding changes Δ U and Δ I can be expressed as Δ U ═ U (t) -U (2)
ΔI＝i(t)-I (3)
In the expressions (2) and (3), U and I are the voltage and current values at the previous time, respectively, which are constants.
In order to obtain the complex expression of the voltage and current variable quantities, a proper complex mother wavelet function psi (t) is selected to perform wavelet transformation on the time domain signals of the voltage and the current at the same moment, so that the time domain signals of the voltage and the current at the same moment are decomposed into complex planes under different frequencies.
Using wavelet series psia,bAnd (t) convolving the signals delta U and delta I in the time domain, as shown in formulas (4) and (5).
Where a, b are referred to as the scaling and translation factors, respectively.
When the mother wavelet function ψ (t) satisfies the tolerance condition, the wavelet function is a function having an integral of 0 and a square integrable, that is, has
By substituting formula (6) for formula (4), (5), there are
By substituting the formulae (7) and (8) for the formula (1), there are
The complex impedance in the formula (9) contains phase angle and impedance mode information of each frequency point, the frequency f of an analyzable signal has a corresponding conversion relation with the scaling factor a, and the value of the translation factor b is related to the analysis time. During actual calculation, time-frequency analysis of signals with different frequencies can be completed by changing the values of a and b.
Combining the theory of the rapid measurement of the impedance, the rapid measurement of the impedance of the battery is realized by the following steps:
(1) applying excitation to a battery system to be tested and recording time domain voltage and current signals of the battery system to be tested;
(2) transforming time domain voltage and current signals to a frequency domain by using a signal time-frequency analysis method (such as wavelet transformation and Fourier transformation);
(3) and rapidly calculating according to the corresponding relation between the voltage, the current and the battery impedance to obtain battery impedance data.
Tests show that when impedance of the same battery system is measured within the range of 0.01Hz to 10000Hz, the time required for completing impedance measurement by relying on a frequency response analyzer is 12 minutes to 15 minutes (the time required by frequency response analyzers of different brands is different), and the time required by the embodiment of the invention is not more than 2 minutes.
And clicking a health state estimation button on an upper computer interface, automatically selecting the latest impedance measurement result as health state estimation algorithm input data by the system, and estimating the health state of the battery according to the health state estimation result. The impedance of the battery is closely related to the electrode process, and the estimation of the state of health by adopting the battery impedance has a relatively definite physical meaning. However, since the aging of the battery is a long-time-scale behavior, and the impedance of the battery changes due to the influence of the temperature and the state of charge of the battery, the embodiment of the invention fully considers the influence of the temperature and the state of charge of the battery when estimating the aging state of the battery by using the impedance.
In the embodiment of the invention, the charge transfer resistor RctThe change along with the state of the battery is more obvious and the regularity is more obvious, so the state of health of the battery is estimated by adopting the charge transfer resistance.
The charge transfer resistance of the battery is greatly influenced by the temperature T and the state of charge SOC, and the influence regularity is obvious. In order to estimate the aging state of the battery by using the charge transfer resistance, the relationship between the charge transfer resistance and the temperature and the SOC is firstly described formally to remove the influence on the charge transfer resistance. Based on the reaction kinetics of the battery, the relationship between the charge transfer resistance and the temperature and SOC is obtained through derivation and is shown as a formula (10).
In the formula, α1、α2、β0、β1、β2Are all model parameters, α at different battery states of health2、β0、β1、β2Invariable, α1Then corrections may be needed as the state of health of the battery changes.
In order to enable the obtained charge transfer resistance to be comparable each time when the long-time-scale battery health state estimation is carried out, the formula (10) is adopted to convert the battery charge transfer resistances under different temperatures and charge states to a certain standard state, so that the charge transfer resistances describing the battery health states are compared under the uniform temperature and charge states, and the purpose of removing the influence of the temperature and the SOC on the charge resistance is achieved. In the embodiment of the invention, the battery is selected to be in a standard state of 25 ℃ and 50% SOC and is marked as TstdAnd SOCstd。
Recording the battery temperature and the state of charge as T under the current battery health state0、SOC0And obtaining T by fitting the battery impedance spectrum obtained by the system rapid measurement0、SOC0Lower charge transfer resistance Rct,0. At this time, T is0、SOC0The calculated value of the charge transfer resistance model is R by substituting formula (10)ct,0′. Obtaining T under the current battery health state for calculationstd、SOCstdCorresponding to the transfer resistance, model parameters α are required1Correction is performed, and the correction coefficient is recorded as γ.
And (3) calculating a correction coefficient as shown in a formula (11) according to the principle that the charge transfer resistance obtained by fitting and the charge transfer resistance obtained by calculation of the model of the formula (10) should be equal.
Then after correction, T is the current battery state of healthstd、SOCstdCorresponding charge transfer resistance Rct,stdAs shown in equation (12).
Further, in order to estimate the state of health of the battery using the charge transfer resistance, the new state of health SOH of the battery is defined as 100%, and the charge transfer resistance in the standard state is defined as the charge transfer resistance R after increasing to the pre-cycle 100 timesct,freshThe value of (3) is defined as an indicator of the end of aging, i.e., SOH is 0%. Load transfer resistance R at the end of battery agingct,EOLAs shown in equation (13).
Rct,EOL＝3Rct,fresh(13)
By integrating (12) and (13), the current state of health SOH of the battery can be calculatedcurAs shown in equation (14).
The battery state of health diagnosis based on the impedance is completed.
For the problems in the prior art of battery impedance measurement and battery state of health detection, the embodiments of the present invention shown in fig. 1 to 4 can be applied to battery impedance measurement and battery state of health detection to realize fast and efficient measurement of battery impedance and complete battery state of health detection by using battery impedance data. In the above embodiments, the present invention is applied to a battery system of a new energy vehicle. However, in practical applications, the diagnostic system provided by the embodiment of the present invention may also be applied to other battery systems, and will not be described herein again.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Claims (10)
1. A new energy automobile battery diagnosis system based on alternating current impedance is characterized by comprising:
an upper computer unit: the system comprises a PC and a wire harness used for communication, and realizes rapid impedance calculation and battery health state estimation;
an excitation unit: the device comprises a power module for providing working voltage for an excitation unit, a CAN transceiver, a singlechip and a current source, wherein the CAN transceiver, the singlechip and the current source are sequentially connected;
a data acquisition unit: the sampling card is communicated with a PC through a USB, the sampling resistor is connected into an excitation signal loop, and the sampling card samples voltage and current signals through the sampling harness.
2. The system for diagnosing the new energy automobile battery based on the alternating current impedance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the PC is provided with:
an excitation parameter setting module: the device is communicated with the excitation unit and is used for setting the excitation current and the excitation time within an allowable range;
a sampling parameter setting module: the data acquisition unit is communicated with the data acquisition unit and is used for setting the sampling frequency within an allowable range;
an impedance fast calculation module: the impedance is quickly calculated, impedance data are stored, and an impedance spectrum is drawn;
a battery state of health estimation module: the method is used for estimating the state of health of the battery according to the impedance data and the temperature and state of charge information during impedance measurement.
3. The system for diagnosing a new energy automobile battery based on alternating current impedance according to claim 1, wherein the current source comprises:
a digital-to-analog conversion module: the digital control signal is used for receiving the digital control signal of the singlechip and converting the digital control signal into an analog signal;
an operational amplifier module: the amplifier is used for amplifying an analog signal;
a power amplification module: the current amplifier is used for amplifying the current and ensuring that the output current meets the impedance measurement requirement.
4. The system for diagnosing the new energy automobile battery based on the alternating current impedance according to claim 1, wherein the parameters of the data acquisition card are as follows:
sampling channel: 8 differential or 16 single ended;
sampling ADC resolution: 16 bits;
single channel maximum sampling frequency: 250 kS/s;
multichannel integrated maximum sampling frequency: 250 kS/s.
5. The system for diagnosing the new energy automobile battery based on the alternating current impedance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the PC is further provided with:
the system self-diagnosis module: the system is used for displaying the state and the diagnosis information of the system in real time, wherein the state of the system is displayed in real time through a three-color lamp, and a green lamp, a blue lamp and a red lamp respectively represent that the system is in a working state, a standby state and a fault state.
6. The new energy automobile battery diagnosis system based on alternating current impedance is characterized in that the specific steps for realizing the rapid calculation of the impedance are as follows:
11) exciting a lithium ion battery to be tested and acquiring voltage and current signals u (t) and i (t) in a time domain;
12) converting time domain voltage and current signals to a frequency domain by adopting a signal time-frequency analysis method;
13) and rapidly calculating the battery impedance Z of the lithium ion battery to be tested according to the corresponding relation of the voltage, the current and the battery impedance.
7. The alternating-current-impedance-based new energy automobile battery diagnosis system according to claim 6, wherein in the step 12), the signal time-frequency analysis method specifically comprises wavelet transformation, Fourier transformation and generalized S transformation.
8. The new energy vehicle battery diagnosis system based on alternating current impedance according to claim 6, wherein in the step 13), the calculation formula of the battery impedance Z of the lithium ion battery to be tested is as follows:
wherein, a and b are respectively a scale factor and a translation factor, and psi (-) is a complex mother wavelet function.
9. The system for diagnosing the new energy automobile battery based on the alternating current impedance according to claim 1, wherein the method for estimating the state of health of the battery specifically comprises the following steps:
21) establishing a charge transfer resistance model among the charge transfer resistance, the temperature and the SOC, which comprises the following steps:
wherein, α1、α2、β0、β1、β2Are all model parameters, and at different battery health states, α2、β0、β1、β2Left unchanged, α1Correcting along with the change of the health state of the battery;
22) at a battery temperature of T0And state of charge is SOC0Under the conditions of (a) under (b),load transfer resistance fitting value R obtained through battery impedance spectrum fittingct,0And substituting the charge transfer resistance model into the calculation to obtain a calculated value R of the charge transfer resistancect，0′And obtaining a correction coefficient γ:
23) according to the correction coefficient gamma to the parameter α of the charge transfer resistance model1Making corrections and calculating the SOH at the current state of health of the batterystdNext, the current battery temperature TstdAnd current state of charge SOCstdCorresponding charge transfer resistance Rct,stdThen, there are:
24) defining the state of health of the new battery as SOH 100%, and the state of health of the battery at the end-of-aging state as SOH 0%, according to the state of health of the battery at presentstdLower charge transfer resistance Rct,stdObtaining the current state of health (SOH) of the current batterycurThen, there are:
wherein R isct,EOLThe corresponding charge transfer resistance, R, when the battery aging end state SOH is 0%ct,freshThe state of health of the new battery is the corresponding charge transfer resistance when the SOH is 100 percent.
10. The system according to claim 9, wherein in the step 24), when the resistance value of the charge transmission resistor increases to the value of the charge transmission resistor R in the new battery health state, the battery diagnosis is defined in the standard statect,freshAt 3 times, at which the battery reaches an aging end state, there are:
Rct,EOL＝3Rct,fresh。
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