CN111638338A - 一种通过外周血循环肿瘤细胞检测结直肠癌患者E-Cadherin表达的方法 - Google Patents
一种通过外周血循环肿瘤细胞检测结直肠癌患者E-Cadherin表达的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种检测结直肠癌患者外周血循环的E‑Cadherin蛋白表达的方法,具体的,通过试剂盒(稀释液45mL、脱色液1mL、染色液A 0.5mL、染色液B 1mL、兔抗人E‑cad抗体、山羊抗兔IgG/HRP 100μL、0.1%Triton X‑100 100μL、0.3%H2O2100μL、试剂A、试剂B、6×PBS缓冲液60mL)。通过采集外周血,预处理外周血,富集外周血中的CTC,染色,最后使用免疫组化技术检测基因的表达情况,从而确定患者的癌症时期和复发情况。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种检测E-Cadherin表达的新方法,尤其是通过外周血检测无法获取组织标本的晚期或复发结直肠癌患者E-Cadherin表达的方法。
背景技术
结直肠癌是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,2018年死亡率居恶性肿瘤第四位。在美国,结直肠癌是第三大最常见的恶性肿瘤。在国内,2018年中国全年流行病学数据:结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率均为第5位,年新发病例37.63万,25%被确诊时已发生转移。结直肠癌早期多无症状,出现症状时多为中晚期且有转移。尽管外科手术和化疗方案不断革新,进展期结直肠癌患者的生存率依旧很差。由于结直肠癌尚缺乏较好的预防方法,所以改善结直肠癌预后并提高生存率的最有效的措施就是早期诊断并治疗结直肠早期癌及癌前病变。
E-钙粘蛋白(E—Cadherin)是上皮细胞表型最经典的标志物,E-Cadherin表达的下调标志着细胞之间粘附能力的下降,因此E-Cadherin被当做鉴定结直肠癌EMT发生的主要手段之一,作为一类细胞表面糖蛋白,E-Cadherein在细胞-细胞之间的粘附中发挥重要作用,并参与组织器官形态的维持。近年来有关于结直肠癌EMT和肿瘤耐药之间的关系日益受到重视,大量研究显示在不同的肿瘤当中由于EMT的发生而同时耐药性的升高,并且都伴随着E-Cadherin表达的改变。目前临床实践中,结直肠癌患者E-Cadherin检测的标本主要为肿瘤组织,来源于手术或穿刺活检,很难做到多次或实时检测。
目前,山东省第一医科大学、山东省药物研究院联合山东凯歌智能机器有限公司就循环肿瘤细胞检测鉴定关键技术、检测设备、试剂盒开发与生产进行合作,山东祺欣生物科技有限公司、山东喻晓生物科技有限公司、济南杏恩生物科技有限公司、山东发现生物技术有限公司等单位进行推广应用,本项目为山东省重大科技创新工程项目,以山东第一医科大学济南校区的山东省药物研究院为核心,落实注册人制度,依托循环肿瘤细胞检测鉴定核心诊断技术,进一步注册鉴定诊断试剂盒,以包括PD1、PD-L1、ER、PR、Her-2、GPC-3、VEGF、P53、Vimentin、TKI-EGFR、RAS、CK、ALK-D5F3、CD20、ALK/EML4、Beta-catenin、E-Cadherin、EP-CAM、HPV、IDH-1、PSA、PSMA、VEGF、GFAP、细胞角蛋白、AE1/AE3、雌激素受体、孕激素受体、BCA-225、CA 125、CEA、EMA、ERCC1、HPV、Ki-67、P53、TOP2A等作为CTCs表达的示踪剂,注册超灵敏、超快速、高覆盖、低成本、准确特异的鉴定诊断试剂盒,通过与在济南注册的山东凯歌智能机器有限公司、山东祺欣生物科技有限公司、山东喻晓生物科技有限公司、济南杏恩生物科技有限公司、山东发现生物技术有限公司合作进行研发与推广。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在问题,本发明提供了一种通过外周血循环肿瘤细胞检测结直肠癌患者E-Cadherin蛋白表达的方法非诊断目的的检测方法:利用膜过滤装置分离获得无法获取组织标本的术后结直肠癌患者外周血中的CTC,进一步运用免疫组化技术检测CTC的E-Cadherin表达情况。
本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种检测结直肠癌患者外周血循环的E-Cadherin蛋白表达的试剂盒,包括稀释液45mL、脱色液1mL、染色液A 0.5mL、染色液B 1mL、兔抗人E-cad抗体(一抗)、山羊抗兔 IgG/HRP 100μL、0.1% Triton X-100 100μL、0.3% H2O2 100μL、试剂A、试剂B、6×PBS缓冲液60mL。
其中,所述稀释液是由1mmol/L EDTA+1mmol月硅酸盐+0.1% BSA+0.2%泊洛沙姆组成。
其中,所述脱色液是由95%酒精与100%二甲苯按容积比1:1组成。
其中,所述染色液A为DAB染色液;所述染色液B为苏木素染色液。
其中,所述试剂A为乙醇和甲醛按照体积比3:1组成;所述试剂B为二甲苯。
一种利用上述的试剂盒非诊断目的检测结直肠癌外周血循环肿瘤细胞PDL-1基因突变的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)利用膜过滤装置分离获取无法获得组织标本的复发结直肠癌患者外周血中的CTC:采集无法获取组织标本结直肠癌患者外周血:肘正中静脉外周血5ml;
(2)外周血样预处理:将采集的外周血样采用稀释液进行10倍稀释,稀释后加多聚甲醛固定外周血样10分钟,固定终浓度为0.25%;
(3)利用膜过滤分离肿瘤细胞装置过滤外周血样,分离获得外周血CTC:将预处理的外周血样加入到膜过滤分离肿瘤细胞装置的血样容器中,使其依靠重力自然过滤;
(4)过滤结束后,从膜过滤分离肿瘤细胞装置中取下滤器,将循环肿瘤细胞染色液A液0.5ml加入到滤器中,染色3min,PBS缓冲液冲洗干净;滤液过滤完全后加入染色液B液1ml,染色2min,纯水1ml冲洗2次,取下滤膜,放置在载玻片上,干燥后在显微镜下观察,确定是否存在CTC;
(5)运用免疫组化技术检测E-Cadherin蛋白表达的情况。
其中,所述检测E-Cadherin蛋白表达的具体方法如下:
(1)脱色:将带有CTC的滤膜从载玻片上取下,置于脱色液中浸泡4-6小时,脱去CTC染色液;
(2)滴加100μl 0.1% Triton X-100,室温孵育15min,DI水洗2min×3次;
(3)滴加100μl 0.3% H2O2,室温孵育10min,PBS洗2min×3次;
(4)滴加100μl 兔抗人E-Cad抗体,室温孵育2h或4℃过夜,PBS洗2min×3次;
(5)滴加100μl山羊抗兔 IgG/HRP,18~26℃温度下孵育20min,PBS洗2min×3次;
(6)滴加100μl DAB显色液,18~26℃孵育并随时在显微镜下观察显色情况,观察时间为3~10min;
(7)显色完成后,弃掉DAB显色液,流水冲洗5min,苏木素染色5min;
(8)盐酸酒精分化8秒,自来水返蓝5min;
(9)将返蓝后的CTC采用75%乙醇(1min),95%乙醇(1min),100%乙醇(1min)梯度乙醇脱水,然后加入0.5mL试剂A,振荡均匀后,加入1mL试剂B,摇动混合均匀后,离心沉淀,将沉淀物采用中性树脂封固;
(10)光学显微镜下镜检。
本发明所使用的膜过滤分离肿瘤细胞装置,包括滤器、血样容器、废液缸和铁架台,所述铁架台设有底座、立架和支架,所述血样容器通过支架设置于铁架台上部,血样容器的下方为滤器,滤器通过输液器联通至废液缸,废液缸设置于底座上。
所述滤器包括滤器上口、滤膜、载滤膜平台和滤器下口,滤膜置于载滤膜平台上;滤器上口接血样容器,滤器下口通过输液器接废液缸。
所述滤膜为疏水材料制成,其上均匀布满口径为8微米的滤孔。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明提供的检测方法,不用穿刺活检获取组织标本即可检测到血液中结直肠癌患者E-Cadherin蛋白表达情况。该技术属于微创,并能够实时检测。
(2)本发明提供的方法,能够避免染色过程中可能产生的边缘效应导致的假阳性结果,稳定性好,降低细胞的损失,提高检测的准确性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的膜过滤装置结构示意图;
图2为本发明膜过滤装置的滤器的结构示意剖视图;
图3为本发明膜过滤装置的滤器滤膜的结构示意图;
图4为结直肠癌患者外周血分离获取的循环肿瘤细胞影像图;箭头处为CTM。
图中:1铁架台、2血样容器、3滤器、4输液器、5废液缸、6滤器上口、7滤膜、8载滤膜平台、9滤器下口、10滤孔、11底座、12立架、13支架。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明阐述如下。
本发明所使用的试剂盒具体规格如表1所示:
表1
运用此技术方法分离获取并鉴定5例结直肠癌患者(同时检测6例正常人样本做对照)外周血循环肿瘤细胞的实施例。
实施例1
一、利用膜过滤装置分离获取无法获得组织标本的结直肠癌患者外周血中的CTC,确定CTC是否存在:
自肘正中静脉采集空腹8-12小时的空腹血5ml,用45ml稀释液稀释外周血,然后加入3ml的4%多聚甲醛固定稀释后的血样10分钟;
在固定的间期,组装膜过滤装置:如附图1、图2、图3所示,该过滤装置由滤器3、滤膜7、血样容器2、废液缸5、铁架台1构成;
用10mlPBS润湿滤器3,然后将固定好的外周血样加入到膜过滤装置的血样容器2中,使其依靠重力自然过滤,CTC被截留在滤膜7上;
肿瘤细胞直径一般大于15微米,而血细胞(包括红细胞、白细胞)直径一般小于8微米,因此当含有CTC的外周血经过滤后,血细胞因直径小于滤孔10能够被滤过,而CTC因直径大于滤孔10被截留在滤膜7上。
过滤结束后,从过滤装置中取下滤器3,打开并移走滤器上口6,将循环肿瘤细胞染色液A液0.5ml加入到滤器中,染色3min,PBS缓冲液冲洗干净;滤液过滤完全后加入B液,1ml,染色2min,纯水1ml,PBS缓冲液将滤器3冲洗干净,用眼科镊子取下滤膜7,细胞面朝上,放置在载玻片上;
将滤膜干燥后在显微镜下观察,确定是否存在CTC。
通过观察,6例健康志愿者均未查到CTC;除1例结直肠癌患者未检测到CTC外(其为复发结直肠癌患者),其余4例均检测到CTC(表2),本次检测阳性率为80%。
二、运用免疫组化技术检测CTC的E-cad蛋白表达情况:
将载玻片上载有CTC的滤膜7从载玻片上取下,置于95%酒精与100%二甲苯按容积比1:1混匀的脱色液中浸泡4-6小时,脱去CTC染色液;滴加100μl 0.1% Triton X-100,室温孵育15min,DI水洗2min×3次;滴加100μl 0.3% H2O2,室温孵育10min,PBS洗2min×3次;滴加100μl兔抗人E-cad抗体,室温孵育2h(或4℃过夜),PBS洗2min×3次;滴加100μl山羊抗兔 IgG/HRP,室温(18~26℃)孵育20min,PBS洗2min×3次;滴加100μl DAB显色液,室温(18~26℃)孵育并随时在显微镜下观察显色情况(一般为3~10min,时间不能超过10min);显色完成后,弃掉DAB显色液,流水冲洗5min,苏木素染色5min;盐酸酒精分化8秒,自来水返蓝5min;75%乙醇(1min),95%乙醇(1min),100%乙醇(1min)梯度乙醇脱水,然后加入0.5ml试剂A,振荡均匀后,再加入1ml试剂B,摇动混合均匀后,离心沉淀,将沉淀物晾干,中性树脂封固;光学显微镜下镜检,细胞病理学专家阅片,根据细胞膜和细胞浆着色程度判定E-cad表达情况。
更多的,此处采用二甲苯+中性树脂的方式进行封存,需固定并去水并保持中性,因此采用试剂A(乙醇+甲醛)和试剂B(二甲苯)配合使用。
图4为结直肠癌患者外周血分离获取的循环肿瘤细胞影像图,其细胞核较大,细胞核形状不规则;高核质比。
所检测的循环肿瘤细胞应用免疫组化证实外周血中E-cad表达与结直肠癌的关系,观察其差异,为治疗结直肠癌针对性治疗提供新的思路。
Claims (7)
1.一种检测结直肠癌患者外周血循环的E-Cadherin蛋白表达的试剂盒,其特征在于,包括稀释液45mL、脱色液1mL、染色液A 0.5mL、染色液B 1mL、兔抗人E-cad抗体、山羊抗兔IgG/HRP 100μL、0.1% Triton X-100 100μL、0.3% H2O2 100μL、试剂A、试剂B、6×PBS缓冲液60mL。
2.根据权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述稀释液是由1mmol/L EDTA+1mmol月硅酸盐+0.1% BSA+0.2%泊洛沙姆组成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述脱色液是由95%酒精与100%二甲苯按容积比1:1组成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述染色液A为DAB染色液;所述染色液B为苏木素染色液。
5.根据权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述试剂A为乙醇和甲醛按照体积比3:1组成;所述试剂B为二甲苯。
6.一种利用权利要求1-5任一项所述的试剂盒非诊断目的检测结直肠癌外周血循环肿瘤细胞PDL-1基因突变的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)利用膜过滤装置分离获取无法获得组织标本的复发结直肠癌患者外周血中的CTC:采集无法获取组织标本结直肠癌患者外周血:肘正中静脉外周血5ml;
(2)外周血样预处理:将采集的外周血样采用稀释液进行10倍稀释,稀释后加多聚甲醛固定外周血样10分钟,固定终浓度为0.25%;
(3)利用膜过滤分离肿瘤细胞装置过滤外周血样,分离获得外周血CTC:将预处理的外周血样加入到膜过滤分离肿瘤细胞装置的血样容器中,使其依靠重力自然过滤;
(4)过滤结束后,从膜过滤分离肿瘤细胞装置中取下滤器,将循环肿瘤细胞染色液A液0.5ml加入到滤器中,染色3min,PBS缓冲液冲洗干净;滤液过滤完全后加入染色液B液1ml,染色2min,纯水1ml冲洗2次,取下滤膜,放置在载玻片上,干燥后在显微镜下观察,确定是否存在CTC;
(5)运用免疫组化技术检测E-Cadherin蛋白表达的情况。
7.根据权利要求6所述的检测方法,其特征在于,所述检测E-Cadherin蛋白表达的具体方法如下:
(1)脱色:将带有CTC的滤膜从载玻片上取下,置于脱色液中浸泡4-6小时,脱去CTC染色液;
(2)滴加100μl 0.1% Triton X-100,室温孵育15min,DI水洗2min×3次;
(3)滴加100μl 0.3% H2O2,室温孵育10min,PBS洗2min×3次;
(4)滴加100μl 兔抗人E-Cad抗体,室温孵育2h或4℃过夜,PBS洗2min×3次;
(5)滴加100μl山羊抗兔 IgG/HRP,18~26℃温度下孵育20min,PBS洗2min×3次;
(6)滴加100μl DAB显色液,18~26℃孵育并随时在显微镜下观察显色情况,观察时间为3~10min;
(7)显色完成后,弃掉DAB显色液,流水冲洗5min,苏木素染色5min;
(8)盐酸酒精分化8秒,自来水返蓝5min;
(9)将返蓝后的CTC采用75%乙醇,95%乙醇,100%乙醇梯度乙醇脱水,然后加入0.5mL试剂A,振荡均匀后,加入1mL试剂B,摇动混合均匀后,离心沉淀,将沉淀物采用中性树脂封固;
(10)光学显微镜下镜检。
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