CN111637152A - Metal-ceramic composite journal for high-low temperature large-range temperature environment - Google Patents
Metal-ceramic composite journal for high-low temperature large-range temperature environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111637152A CN111637152A CN202010413041.9A CN202010413041A CN111637152A CN 111637152 A CN111637152 A CN 111637152A CN 202010413041 A CN202010413041 A CN 202010413041A CN 111637152 A CN111637152 A CN 111637152A
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- metal
- outer sleeve
- ceramic
- shaft
- thin
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/12—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load
- F16C17/22—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with arrangements compensating for thermal expansion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
A metal-ceramic composite journal for high-low temperature and large-range temperature environment belongs to the technical field of mechanical design and manufacturing. The thin-wall elastic element is positioned in a gap between the ceramic outer sleeve and the metal shaft, and a lubricant is filled in the gap. A plurality of uniform and symmetrical groove structures are processed at the bottom of the ceramic outer sleeve, a shaft shoulder is processed at the lower part of the metal shaft, and a lug structure which is symmetrical to the groove at the bottom of the ceramic outer sleeve is processed above the shaft shoulder; when the ceramic outer sleeve is sleeved from the upper part of the metal shaft to the lower part, the groove at the bottom of the ceramic outer sleeve just surrounds the convex block above the shaft shoulder, so that the ceramic outer sleeve 2 and the metal shaft are ensured not to generate relative displacement. The temperature stress of the journal structure is completely adjusted by the thin-wall elastic element, the requirement on the machining and manufacturing precision of the journal is lower, and the vibration resistance of the journal is improved, so that the service life of the bearing is greatly prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical design and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a metal-ceramic composite journal for a high-temperature, low-temperature and large-range temperature working environment.
Background
Plain bearings are an important industrial bearing in a wide range of applications. The journal and the bearing bush material determine the service life and the performance of the sliding bearing, and in order to ensure the strength requirement, the journal material is mainly a metal material. In order to improve the performances of high temperature resistance, wear resistance, drag reduction, corrosion resistance, service life and the like of the bearing, various heat treatment technologies or surface strengthening technologies are often adopted on the surface of the shaft neck, various surface spraying strengthening technologies such as various ceramic coating technologies are widely adopted in industry, the surface of the shaft neck is made of corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistance, wear resistance and drag reduction materials, and the inner part of the shaft neck is made of metal materials with good toughness and high strength, so that the comprehensive performance of the bearing is better. However, the known weakness of such bearings is the inability to operate in a wide range of temperature environments at high and low temperatures. Because the temperature expansion coefficients of the metal material of the shaft neck and the ceramic coating material on the surface are different by several times, the ceramic coating on the surface is easy to be damaged by thermal fatigue under the action of temperature stress. For example, the water-lubricated guide bearings of the main pump and each secondary pump of the nuclear power plant cannot be lubricated by conventional lubricating oil, and only can be lubricated by cooling water. The bearings have special design requirements, large temperature change range (the highest temperature can reach 280 ℃), long service life, corrosion resistance, radiation resistance, low friction coefficient and the like. The journal is generally treated by stainless steel surface strengthening treatment (such as tungsten carbide spraying), surface overlaying and other technologies, but the fatigue life of the surface strengthening layer under the action of temperature stress is difficult to guarantee. If the ceramic journal such as silicon nitride or silicon carbide is directly adopted, the fracture toughness is too low, and the ceramic journal is easy to be subjected to brittle fracture. A layer of ceramic sleeve is additionally arranged outside the metal shaft neck in an interference fit mode, and the metal-ceramic composite shaft neck is designed to be an ideal method. However, bearings so designed cannot operate in high temperature environments due to the large difference in thermal expansion coefficient between metal and ceramic. The invention aims to effectively solve the technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to establish a metal-ceramic composite journal for realizing journal temperature stress control based on a thin-wall sandwich cylinder structure. The ceramic material is high-strength ceramic such as silicon nitride, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and the like. The method has the main advantages that the temperature stress of the journal structure is completely adjusted by the thin-wall elastic element, the requirement on the machining and manufacturing precision of the journal is low, and the vibration resistance of the journal is improved, so that the service life of the bearing is greatly prolonged.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a metal-ceramic composite shaft neck used for high-temperature, low-temperature and large-range temperature environments comprises a metal shaft 1, a thin-wall elastic element and a ceramic outer sleeve 2. The inner diameter of the ceramic outer sleeve 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the metal shaft 1, and the thin-wall elastic element is positioned in a gap between the ceramic outer sleeve 2 and the metal shaft 1.
In order to prevent the ceramic outer sleeve 2 and the metal shaft 1 from sliding relatively, a plurality of uniform and symmetrical groove structures are processed at the bottom of the ceramic outer sleeve 2, a shaft shoulder 6 is processed at the lower part of the metal shaft 1, the outer diameter of the shaft shoulder 6 is larger than that of the metal shaft 1 and smaller than that of the ceramic outer sleeve 2, a lug structure symmetrical to the groove at the bottom of the ceramic outer sleeve 2 is processed above the shaft shoulder 6, the size of the groove is slightly larger than that of the lug, the structure is not damaged when the ceramic outer sleeve 2 is sleeved from top to bottom above the metal shaft 1, the groove at the bottom of the ceramic outer sleeve 2 just surrounds the lug above the shaft shoulder 6 of the metal shaft 1, and therefore the ceramic outer sleeve 2 and the metal shaft 1 are clamped to prevent relative displacement.
In order to prevent relative sliding between the ceramic sleeve 2 and the metal shaft 1, the inner surface of the ceramic sleeve 2 and the outer surface of the metal shaft 1 may be designed as corrugated surfaces 5, which engage with each other during movement.
The thin-wall elastic element can be a thin-wall elastic metal corrugated pipe 3, and also can be a metal or nonmetal porous compressible super-elastic material or a skeleton structural material 4. The thin-wall elastic element can be of a single-layer structure or a multi-layer laminated structure; the structure can be an integral thin-wall cylinder structure or a multi-body butt joint structure. The corrugation direction of the thin-wall elastic metal corrugated pipe can be transverse or longitudinal.
Further, the gap portion between the ceramic outer sleeve 2 and the metal shaft 1 may be filled with a lubricant, which includes: water, lubricating oil, grease, and the like.
The method adopting the hot assembly comprises the following steps: the metal shaft 1 is cooled, the thin-wall elastic metal corrugated pipe 3 is heated, then the metal shaft 1 is sleeved from top to bottom until the metal corrugated pipe 3 is in contact with the shaft shoulder 6 of the metal shaft 1, the metal shaft 1 and the metal corrugated pipe 3 are cooled together, the ceramic outer sleeve 2 is heated, then the metal shaft 1 is sleeved from top to bottom, meanwhile, the groove below the ceramic outer sleeve 2 is aligned with the lug above the shaft shoulder 6 of the metal shaft 1, and the groove below the ceramic outer sleeve 2 completely sleeves the lug above the shaft shoulder 6 of the metal shaft 1, so that the assembly is completed.
The design principle of the invention is as follows:
when the temperature is lowered from room temperature, the ceramic jacket shrinks much less than the metal shaft and the thin-walled corrugated spring element due to the low coefficient of thermal expansion of the ceramic material. The stress state of the ceramic outer sleeve is controlled by adjusting the compression deformation rigidity or the compression deformation amount of the thin-wall corrugated elastic element, so that the ceramic outer sleeve is ensured to be always contacted with the thin-wall corrugated elastic element.
When the temperature rises, the expansion is much smaller than that of the metal shaft and the thin-walled corrugated elastic member because the ceramic material has a small thermal expansion coefficient. By adjusting the compression deformation rigidity or the compression deformation amount of the thin-wall corrugated elastic element, the ceramic jacket is prevented from being broken at high temperature.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the temperature stress of the journal structure is completely adjusted by the thin-wall elastic element, the requirement on the machining and manufacturing precision of the journal is low, and the vibration resistance of the journal is improved, so that the service life of the bearing is greatly prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view (top view) of a metal-ceramic composite journal structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view (top view) of a metal-ceramic composite journal structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram (top view) of the corrugated surface structure of a metal-ceramic composite journal;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a metal-ceramic composite journal assembly (a) in top plan view (b) in elevation center section;
in the figure: 1 a metal shaft; 2, a ceramic outer sleeve; 3 thin-wall elastic metal corrugated pipe; 4 a metallic or non-metallic porous compressible superelastic material or a skeletal structure material; 5, the inner surface of the ceramic outer sleeve and the outer surface of the metal shaft are in corrugated surface structures; 6 shaft shoulder.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
A metal-ceramic composite shaft neck (taking a high-elasticity thin-wall elastic metal corrugated pipe and a nested structure as examples) with high temperature, low temperature and wide temperature working environment comprises a metal shaft 1, a thin-wall elastic element and a ceramic outer sleeve 2. The inner diameter of the ceramic outer sleeve 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the metal shaft 1, and the thin-wall elastic element is positioned in a gap between the ceramic outer sleeve 2 and the metal shaft 1:
the method comprises the steps of cooling a metal shaft 1 by adopting a thermal assembly method, heating a thin-wall elastic metal corrugated pipe 3, then sleeving the metal shaft 1 from top to bottom until the metal corrugated pipe 3 is in contact with a shaft shoulder 6 of the metal shaft 1, cooling the metal shaft 1 and the metal corrugated pipe 3 together, heating a ceramic outer sleeve 2, then sleeving the metal shaft 1 from top to bottom, aligning a groove below the ceramic outer sleeve 2 with a lug above the shaft shoulder 6 of the metal shaft 1 at the same time until the groove below the ceramic outer sleeve 2 completely sleeves the lug above the shaft shoulder 6 of the metal shaft 1, and completing assembly.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a metal-ceramic composite journal structure using a thin-wall elastic metal bellows 3 as a thin-wall elastic element; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a metal-ceramic composite journal with a metallic or non-metallic porous compressible superelastic material or skeleton structure material 4 as a thin-walled elastic element; fig. 3 is a schematic view of a corrugated surface structure 5 of the inner surface of the ceramic outer sleeve of the metal-ceramic composite shaft neck and the outer surface of the metal shaft, and the thin-wall elastic metal corrugated pipe 3 is arranged between the inner surface of the ceramic outer sleeve 2 and the outer surface of the metal shaft 1, is a mutually-meshed fixing mode, and can effectively prevent the ceramic outer sleeve 2, the metal shaft 1 and the thin-wall elastic metal corrugated pipe 3 from sliding mutually.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, but not should be understood as the limitation of the scope of the invention patent, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A metal-ceramic composite journal for use in high, low, and wide temperature environments, characterized in that the metal-ceramic composite journal comprises a metal shaft (1), a thin-walled elastic member, and a ceramic outer sleeve (2); the inner diameter of the ceramic outer sleeve (2) is larger than the outer diameter of the metal shaft (1), and the thin-wall elastic element is positioned in a gap between the ceramic outer sleeve (2) and the metal shaft (1);
the bottom of the ceramic outer sleeve (2) is provided with a plurality of uniformly symmetrical groove structures, the lower part of the metal shaft (1) is provided with a shaft shoulder (6), the outer diameter of the shaft shoulder (6) is larger than that of the metal shaft (1) and smaller than that of the ceramic outer sleeve (2), a lug structure symmetrical to the groove at the bottom of the ceramic outer sleeve (2) is arranged above the shaft shoulder (6), the size of the groove is slightly larger than that of the lug, the structure is not damaged when the ceramic outer sleeve (2) is sleeved from top to bottom from the upper part of the metal shaft (1), the groove at the bottom of the ceramic outer sleeve (2) just surrounds the lug above the shaft shoulder (6) of the metal shaft (1), and therefore the ceramic outer sleeve (2) and the metal shaft (1) are clamped and are guaranteed not to generate relative displacement;
the inner surface of the ceramic outer sleeve (2) and the outer surface of the metal shaft (1) can also be designed into corrugated surfaces, and mutual meshing is realized in the movement process.
2. The metal-ceramic composite journal for high and low temperature and wide temperature range environment according to claim 1, wherein the gap portion between the ceramic outer sleeve (2) and the metal shaft (1) is filled with lubricant.
3. The metal-ceramic composite journal for use in high, low, and wide temperature environments of claim 1, wherein said thin-walled elastic member is a thin-walled elastic metal bellows, a metal or non-metal porous compressible super-elastic material, or a skeleton structure material; the thin-wall elastic element can be of a single-layer structure or a multi-layer laminated structure; the structure can be an integral thin-wall cylinder structure or a multi-body butt joint structure.
4. The metal-ceramic composite journal for high and low temperature and wide temperature range environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the corrugation direction of the thin-walled elastic metal corrugated tube can be horizontal or vertical.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010413041.9A CN111637152B (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Metal-ceramic composite journal for high-low temperature large-range temperature environment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010413041.9A CN111637152B (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Metal-ceramic composite journal for high-low temperature large-range temperature environment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111637152A true CN111637152A (en) | 2020-09-08 |
| CN111637152B CN111637152B (en) | 2021-12-03 |
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| CN202010413041.9A Active CN111637152B (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Metal-ceramic composite journal for high-low temperature large-range temperature environment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117570236A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-02-20 | 成都成高阀门股份有限公司 | Guide structure for valve |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02113016U (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1990-09-10 | ||
| CN1062023A (en) * | 1990-10-04 | 1992-06-17 | 托林顿公司 | Track roller beaing floating sleeve system |
| US5775816A (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1998-07-07 | Sihi Gmbh & Co Kg | Bearing arrangement |
| EP0933543A2 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-08-04 | Nylacast Limited | Bearing |
| CN102425608A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-04-25 | 清华大学 | Assembling structure of magnetic suspension bearing rotor and shaft |
| US8794840B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-08-05 | Little Engine, LLC | Conformal wear-resistant bearing assembly |
| CN104583620A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-04-29 | 株式会社中村制作所 | Low vibration floating metal bearing |
-
2020
- 2020-05-15 CN CN202010413041.9A patent/CN111637152B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02113016U (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1990-09-10 | ||
| CN1062023A (en) * | 1990-10-04 | 1992-06-17 | 托林顿公司 | Track roller beaing floating sleeve system |
| US5775816A (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1998-07-07 | Sihi Gmbh & Co Kg | Bearing arrangement |
| EP0933543A2 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-08-04 | Nylacast Limited | Bearing |
| CN102425608A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-04-25 | 清华大学 | Assembling structure of magnetic suspension bearing rotor and shaft |
| US8794840B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-08-05 | Little Engine, LLC | Conformal wear-resistant bearing assembly |
| CN104583620A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-04-29 | 株式会社中村制作所 | Low vibration floating metal bearing |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117570236A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-02-20 | 成都成高阀门股份有限公司 | Guide structure for valve |
| CN117570236B (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-03-19 | 成都成高阀门股份有限公司 | Guide structure for valve |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111637152B (en) | 2021-12-03 |
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