CN111635480A - Anti-swelling hydrogel material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-swelling hydrogel material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111635480A CN111635480A CN202010609654.XA CN202010609654A CN111635480A CN 111635480 A CN111635480 A CN 111635480A CN 202010609654 A CN202010609654 A CN 202010609654A CN 111635480 A CN111635480 A CN 111635480A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L24/00—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices
- A61L24/001—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L24/00—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices
- A61L24/001—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L24/0031—Hydrogels or hydrocolloids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L24/00—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices
- A61L24/04—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices containing macromolecular materials
- A61L24/043—Mixtures of macromolecular materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/075—Macromolecular gels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2405/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 or C08J2403/00
- C08J2405/08—Chitin; Chondroitin sulfate; Hyaluronic acid; Derivatives thereof
Abstract
The invention provides an anti-swelling hydrogel material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing the temperature-sensitive hydrogel precursor solution with a polymer with a functional group to obtain a hydrogel mixed solution; (2) and mixing and curing the alkali solution and the hydrogel mixed solution to obtain the anti-swelling hydrogel material. The hydrogel material provided by the invention has excellent anti-swelling capacity, better mechanical toughness and better cohesiveness with biological tissues and the like, so that when the hydrogel material provided by the invention is used for adhering wounds, the mechanical property and the cohesiveness of the hydrogel material can be well attached to the wounds, and the wounds are healed; meanwhile, the hydrogel material can be prevented from falling off or debonding from the wound surface due to the characteristic of the hydrogel material capable of inhibiting swelling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical supplies, and relates to an anti-swelling hydrogel material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Wound healing of wounds of internal organs, connective tissues, muscles, skin and flesh etc. has been a focus of research in the biomedical field. Suturing is a traditional wound closing method, but the surgical suturing inevitably causes damage to tissues around the wound, the inability to suture some special wounds and the problems of time and labor consumption and the like. The hydrogel is a three-dimensional network formed by natural or synthetic polymers and a large number of water molecules, and the excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogel enables the hydrogel to be rapidly developed in the biomedical field. The strong adhesion of hydrogel materials to biological tissues has made a breakthrough in recent years, and it is expected that the hydrogel will be used as an adhesive tape instead of suturing by adhesion.
The existing hydrogel is bonded with biological tissues, and due to the lack of mechanical structure design of the hydrogel, the mechanical properties of the hydrogel and the bonding energy of the hydrogel with the biological tissues are generally low. Meanwhile, in the prior art, hydrogel is bonded with biological epidermis (with low humidity) or biological organs in vitro, and the hydrogel is not bonded in vivo. And the traditional hydrogel has high water content, and once the hydrogel is applied to a living body, swelling behaviors with different degrees can occur, so that the bonding capability and even debonding are greatly influenced.
CN107281541A discloses a preparation method of medical temperature-sensitive hydrogel, which comprises the steps of dissolving and mixing raw materials of carboxymethyl chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and silver nitrate, adding ascorbic acid water solution and glutaraldehyde, obtaining crude gel by adopting a microwave radiation method, washing the crude gel with dilute acetic acid and water, and drying in vacuum at 40 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the medical temperature-sensitive hydrogel. The hydrogel material provided in this patent application has a good bacteriostatic activity, but also has no cohesiveness to wounds and can be used in vivo. CN104804116A discloses a method for preparing a hydrogel/base cloth composite membrane, which comprises mixing monomers of hydrogel polymers, inorganic nanoparticles, an initiator, a cross-linking agent and a catalyst, and then adding the mixture into a base cloth for polymerization, wherein the monomers of the hydrogel polymers partially permeate into the base cloth by using a gap structure of the base cloth, and the monomers of the hydrogel polymers polymerize and the base cloth to form a composite membrane, thereby obtaining the hydrogel/base cloth composite membrane, which has a certain mechanical property, but does not realize the adhesion of a wound of a hydrogel material in a living body, and does not study whether the hydrogel material is debonded under body fluid.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a hydrogel material with strong cohesiveness, which can be applied in vivo to meet the application requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-swelling hydrogel material and a preparation method thereof; the hydrogel material provided by the invention has excellent anti-swelling capacity, better mechanical toughness and better cohesiveness with biological tissues and the like, so that when the hydrogel material provided by the invention is used for adhering wounds (or wounds), the mechanical property and the cohesiveness of the hydrogel material can be well attached to the wounds, so that the wounds are healed; meanwhile, the hydrogel material can be prevented from falling off or debonding from the wound surface due to the characteristic of the hydrogel material capable of inhibiting swelling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an anti-swelling hydrogel material, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing the temperature-sensitive hydrogel precursor solution with a polymer with a functional group to obtain a hydrogel mixed solution;
(2) and mixing and curing the alkali solution and the hydrogel mixed solution to obtain the anti-swelling hydrogel material.
Wherein the temperature-sensitive hydrogel is in a contracted state at a temperature of more than 32 ℃.
The hydrogel material provided by the invention is specifically selected to comprise a temperature-sensitive hydrogel material which is in a contraction state under the environment of body temperature, so that when the hydrogel material provided by the invention is used for bonding wounds or traumas in the environment of in vivo, the phenomenon that the bonding capability of the hydrogel is reduced or the hydrogel is debonded due to swelling in the environment of body fluid (or blood) is avoided, and therefore, the hydrogel material provided by the invention can be ensured to be capable of realizing the strong bonding and the non-debonding of the wounds or the traumas.
The wound of the invention can be large-area irregular wound such as burn, scald and the like, and the wound generally refers to internal organ rupture, scratch, insertion wound and the like.
Preferably, the preparation method of the temperature-sensitive hydrogel precursor solution comprises the following steps: and mixing a temperature-sensitive monomer, a cross-linking agent and an initiator in a solvent to obtain the temperature-sensitive hydrogel precursor solution.
Preferably, the temperature sensitive monomer is selected from N-isopropylacrylamide.
Preferably, the cross-linking agent is selected from methylene bis acrylamide.
Preferably, the initiator is selected from alpha-ketoglutaric acid or ammonium persulfate.
Preferably, the free radical polymerization is initiated by ultraviolet light or thermally.
Preferably, the concentration of the temperature-sensitive monomer is 1 to 2mol/L, such as 1.2mol/L, 1.4mol/L, 1.5mol/L, 1.6mol/L, 1.8mol/L, and the like.
Preferably, the concentration of the cross-linking agent is 0.1-0.2mmol/L, such as 0.12mmol/L, 0.14mmol/L, 0.15mmol/L, 0.16mmol/L, 0.18mmol/L and the like.
Preferably, the polymer with functional groups comprises any one of chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan, sodium alginate, hyaluronic acid, cellulose or polyacrylic acid or a combination of at least two of the above.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the temperature-sensitive hydrogel precursor solution to the natural cationic monomer is 100 (2-4), such as 100:2.5, 100:3, 100:3.5, and the like.
The addition amount of the temperature-sensitive hydrogel precursor and the polymer with the functional group is required to be within the limited range of the invention, so that the finally obtained hydrogel material has good mechanical property, good bonding property and good swelling resistance; if the addition amount of the temperature-sensitive hydrogel precursor is large, the adhesive property with tissues near the wound and the like is reduced, and the mechanical property is reduced; if the amount of the polymer having a functional group added is large, the swelling resistance is poor, and the resulting hydrogel material may partially swell to cause a slight decrease in adhesive properties.
Preferably, the alkali solution is preferably an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
Preferably, the concentration of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is 2-3mol/L, such as 2.2mol/L, 2.4mol/L, 2.5mol/L, 2.6mol/L, 2.8mol/L, and the like.
Preferably, the alkali solution is added in an amount to adjust the pH of the hydrogel mixed solution of step (2) to 5.1 to 5.5, for example, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, etc.
Preferably, the curing is photo-curing or thermal curing for a time of 8-10h, such as 8.5h, 9h, 9.5h, etc.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an anti-swelling hydrogel material prepared according to the preparation method of the first aspect.
Preferably, the anti-swelling hydrogel material comprises a double-network hydrogel structure formed by interpenetrating a first network hydrogel structure and a second network hydrogel structure.
Preferably, the first network hydrogel structure is selected from temperature sensitive hydrogel structures and the second network hydrogel structure is a natural cationic hydrogel structure.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the first network hydrogel structure to the second network hydrogel structure is 100 (2-4), such as 100:2.5, 100:3, 100:3.5, etc.
The hydrogel material provided by the invention adopts a double-layer interpenetrating network structure, and introduces a hydrogel network which can form strong cohesiveness with tissues near the wound on the basis of a chemically crosslinked hydrogel network with temperature-sensitive characteristic; therefore, the hydrogel material provided by the invention can realize strong adhesion with tissues, has good mechanical property, avoids hydrogel fracture caused by wound tension, has the characteristic of swelling resistance, and can avoid the phenomenon of debonding caused by swelling in the environment of body fluid (or blood).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the hydrogel material provided by the invention shrinks under the body temperature environment, so that the viscosity reduction or debonding behavior caused by the swelling of the hydrogel material in the body fluid or blood environment can be avoided;
(2) the hydrogel material provided by the invention can generate covalent bond reaction with tissues near the wound, so that the hydrogel material has excellent bonding performance;
(3) the hydrogel material provided by the invention has excellent mechanical properties, and can avoid phenomena such as fracture of the hydrogel material caused by wound tension;
(4) the preparation method of the hydrogel material provided by the invention is carried out in a water system, does not use any toxic or organic reagent, is green and environment-friendly, has low cost, and is suitable for large-scale preparation and application;
(5) the hydrogel material provided by the invention can be suitable for injury parts in a large range, has good biocompatibility and can avoid secondary infection.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
Example 1
An anti-swelling hydrogel is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding 11.318g N-iso-methacrylamide powder into 50mL of deionized water at room temperature, taking 0.1mmol of methylene bisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent and 0.1mmol of alpha-ketoglutaric acid as an initiator, and magnetically stirring for 0.5h to obtain an N-iso-methacrylamide aqueous solution with the concentration of 2M;
(2) magnetically stirring 62.4g of the solution obtained in the step (1) and 1g of chitosan powder for 1 hour, and mixing until the solution is clear;
(3) and (3) adding a 2mol/L NaOH solution into the solution obtained in the step (2), adjusting the pH value of the solution to be 5.1, pouring the solution into a glass mold with the thickness of 2mm, and initiating the solution by using 365nm ultraviolet light for 9 hours to obtain the anti-swelling hydrogel.
Example 2
(1) Adding 11.318g N-iso-methacrylamide powder into 50mL of deionized water at room temperature, taking 0.1mmol of methylene bisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent and 0.1mmol of ammonium persulfate as an initiator, and magnetically stirring for 0.5h to obtain an N-iso-methacrylamide aqueous solution with the concentration of 2M;
(2) magnetically stirring 62g of the solution obtained in the step (1) and 1g of carboxymethyl chitosan powder for 1 hour, and mixing until the solution is clear;
(3) adding a 2mol/L NaOH solution into the solution obtained in the step (2), adjusting the pH value of the solution to be 5.1, pouring the solution into a glass mold with the thickness of 2mm, and reacting at 60 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the anti-swelling hydrogel.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that, in this example, the mass ratio of the solution of step (2) to chitosan was 100:3.
Comparative example 1
A hydrogel is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding 14.216g of acrylamide powder into 50mL of deionized water at room temperature, taking 0.1mmol of methylene bisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent and 0.1mmol of alpha-ketoglutaric acid as an initiator, and magnetically stirring for 0.5h to obtain an acrylamide aqueous solution with the concentration of 2M;
(2) magnetically stirring 65g of the solution obtained in the step (1) and 1g of chitosan powder for 1 hour until the solution is clear;
(3) adding 2mol/L NaOH solution into the solution obtained in the step (2), adjusting the pH value of the solution to be 5.1, pouring the solution into a glass mold with the thickness of 2mm, and initiating the solution by using 365nm ultraviolet light for 9 hours to obtain the double-network hydrogel.
Comparative example 2
A hydrogel is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding 11.318g N-iso-methacrylamide powder into 50mL of deionized water at room temperature, taking 0.1mmol of methylene bisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent and 0.1mmol of alpha-ketoglutaric acid as an initiator, magnetically stirring for 0.5h to obtain an N-iso-methacrylamide aqueous solution with the concentration of 2M, pouring the N-iso-methacrylamide aqueous solution into a glass mold with the thickness of 2mm, and initiating by utilizing 365nm ultraviolet light for 9h to obtain the single-network N-iso-methacrylamide hydrogel.
Comparative example 3
A hydrogel is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding 11.318g N-iso-methacrylamide powder into 50mL of deionized water at room temperature, taking 0.1mmol of methylene bisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent and 0.1mmol of alpha-ketoglutaric acid as an initiator, and magnetically stirring for 0.5h to obtain an N-iso-methacrylamide aqueous solution with the concentration of 2M;
(2) magnetically stirring 62g of the solution obtained in step (1) with 1g of polyvinyl alcohol powder (from alatin, molecular weight 205000) for 1h until the solution is clear;
(3) adding 2mol/L NaOH solution into the solution obtained in the step (2), adjusting the pH value of the solution to be 5.1, pouring the solution into a glass mold with the thickness of 2mm, and initiating the solution by using 365nm ultraviolet light for 9 hours to obtain the double-network hydrogel.
Performance testing
The hydrogels provided in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were subjected to performance testing as follows:
(1) mechanical properties: cutting the sample into I-shaped sample strips with the thickness of 2 multiplied by 12 multiplied by 2mm, and testing on a universal tensile machine, wherein the tensile rate is 24 mm/s;
(2) swelling resistance: cutting the sample into a wafer with the radius of 5mm and the thickness of 2mm, placing the wafer in PBS buffer solution at 37 ℃, and weighing the mass of the gel sample after different soaking times (30s, 1min, 5min, 10min, 30min, 1h and 2 h).
(3) Adhesive property: cutting the purchased fresh pork liver by using a mould with the size of 75 multiplied by 10 multiplied by 2mm for later use; firstly, washing the pork liver by using deionized water, then uniformly coating 1mL of 12mg/mL EDC/NHS solution on the surface of the pork liver, then quickly pressing a hydrogel sample strip on the surface of the pork liver, applying 5.5% constant deformation for 5min, and finally testing the bonding property by using a 180-degree stripping test;
note: the above tests are all average values, and because the data have fluctuation range, the following data are range values.
The test results are shown in tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1
| Sample (I) | Adhesive Property (J/m)2) | Breaking strength/MPa |
| Example 1 | 120-130 | 4-5 |
| Example 2 | 110-120 | 4-4.5 |
| Example 3 | 120-140 | 4-4.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 120-130 | 4-5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 40-50 | 1-2 |
| Comparative example 3 | 10-15 | 0.2-0.5 |
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the examples and performance tests, the hydrogel material provided by the invention has excellent adhesive performance, and can shrink under the body temperature environment, so that the viscosity reduction or debonding behavior caused by the swelling of the hydrogel material in the body fluid or blood environment can be avoided; meanwhile, the hydrogel material has excellent mechanical properties.
As can be seen from the comparison between the examples and the comparative examples, N-isopropylacrylamide is selected and added as a temperature-sensitive monomer to prepare the hydrogel material together with the polymer with the functional group, the temperature-sensitive hydrogel and the hydrogel material with the functional group are both poor, and if the temperature-sensitive hydrogel (N-isopropylacrylamide) is lacked, the hydrogel can swell in a body fluid environment, so that the binding capacity of the hydrogel material is reduced, and the mechanical property is low; in the absence of the polymer having a functional group, the hydrogel adhesive sheet cannot be bonded to a biological tissue or the like.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples of the present invention and the preparation method thereof, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed methods, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed methods for its implementation. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an anti-swelling hydrogel material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing the temperature-sensitive hydrogel precursor solution with a polymer with a functional group to obtain a hydrogel mixed solution;
(2) and mixing and curing the alkali solution and the hydrogel mixed solution to obtain the anti-swelling hydrogel material.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the temperature-sensitive hydrogel precursor solution comprises: and mixing a temperature-sensitive monomer, a cross-linking agent and an initiator in a solvent to obtain the temperature-sensitive hydrogel precursor solution.
3. The production method according to claim 2, wherein the temperature-sensitive monomer is selected from the group consisting of N-isopropylacrylamide;
preferably, the cross-linking agent is selected from methylene bisacrylamide;
preferably, the initiator is selected from alpha-ketoglutaric acid or ammonium persulfate;
preferably, the free radical polymerization is initiated by ultraviolet light or thermally.
4. The production method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the concentration of the temperature-sensitive monomer is 1 to 2 mol/L;
preferably, the concentration of the cross-linking agent is 0.1-0.2 mmol/L.
5. The method for preparing a polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polymer having a functional group comprises any one or a combination of at least two of chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan, sodium alginate, hyaluronic acid, cellulose, or polyacrylic acid.
6. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mass ratio of the temperature-sensitive hydrogel precursor solution to the polymer having a functional group is 100 (2-4).
7. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the alkali solution is preferably an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution;
preferably, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2-3 mol/L.
8. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the alkali solution is added in an amount to adjust the pH of the hydrogel mixed solution of step (2) to 5.1 to 5.5;
preferably, the curing is photo-curing or thermal curing for 8-10 h.
9. An anti-swelling hydrogel material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The anti-swelling hydrogel material according to claim 9, wherein the anti-swelling hydrogel material comprises a double network hydrogel structure formed by interpenetrating a first network hydrogel structure and a second network hydrogel structure;
preferably, the first network hydrogel structure is selected from temperature-sensitive hydrogel structures, and the second network hydrogel structure is a natural cationic hydrogel structure;
preferably, the mass ratio of the first network hydrogel structure to the second network hydrogel structure is 100 (2-4).
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| CN114644766A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-06-21 | 福建师范大学 | Temperature-sensitive debonded wet tissue adhesion hydrogel and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113372582A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-10 | 太原理工大学 | Bionic composite hydrogel and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN115109367A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-27 | 苏州凝智新材料发展有限公司 | Injectable hydrogel and preparation method and application thereof |
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