CN111635217A - Ancient building restoration green tile firing method - Google Patents
Ancient building restoration green tile firing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111635217A CN111635217A CN202010353645.9A CN202010353645A CN111635217A CN 111635217 A CN111635217 A CN 111635217A CN 202010353645 A CN202010353645 A CN 202010353645A CN 111635217 A CN111635217 A CN 111635217A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tile
- green
- image
- firing
- green tile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/24—Classification techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/20—Image preprocessing
- G06V10/26—Segmentation of patterns in the image field; Cutting or merging of image elements to establish the pattern region, e.g. clustering-based techniques; Detection of occlusion
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/40—Extraction of image or video features
- G06V10/56—Extraction of image or video features relating to colour
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Computational Biology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Evolutionary Biology (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building repair, and discloses a firing method of ancient architecture repair green tiles, which comprises the steps of dismantling damaged green tiles; analyzing the removed green tiles to obtain information of the removed green tiles; mixing the green tile firing raw materials, and grinding by a grinder; performing ball milling and sieving to obtain fine powder of green tile; adding deionized water into the fine powder of the green tile, stirring uniformly and then performing filter pressing; placing the mixture in an extruder, performing extrusion molding, placing in a mold, standing at room temperature for one day, and taking out to obtain a green tile blank; placing the green tile blank body in a firing kiln for firing, and conveying the fired blank body into a distillation cooling machine for cooling; cutting and polishing through a brick grinder. The green tile raw material provided by the invention enables waste to be recycled, and reduces the damage to the environment; distilled water generated by steam is used as a cooling medium, so that the structural impermeability of the grey tile finished product is increased, and the cooling efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building repair, and particularly relates to a firing method of ancient architecture repair green tiles.
Background
At present: the green tile is generally referred to as clay green tile. The clay is used as main raw material, and is made up by using clay (including shale and coal gangue powder) as main raw material through the processes of clay treatment, forming, drying and roasting, and its colour is not cyan, but dark blue and grey blue. The production of Chinese green tile is earlier than brick, mainly used for laying roof and ridge, and can be used as tile. The green tile gives people a simple, elegant, stable, simple and quiet aesthetic feeling. At present, the damaged green tile of the historic building is repaired on the basis of the original green tile, the repairing area is small, but the connection between the repaired part and the original part is not tight enough, and the retention time is short; and a large amount of manpower is consumed for repairing the original green tile, and the repairing efficiency is low.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: at present, the repair of the damaged green tile of the historic building is based on the original green tile, the connection between a repaired part and the original part is not tight enough, and the retention time is short; and a large amount of manpower is consumed for repairing the original green tile, and the repairing efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a firing method for repairing a grey tile of an ancient building.
The invention is realized in such a way that the ancient architecture repairing green tile firing method comprises the following steps:
step one, a dismantling control module is used for dismantling the damaged green tile; the image information acquisition module acquires the removed cyan tile image by using the camera equipment; the image feature extraction module analyzes the removed green tile by using an image feature extraction method to obtain the original size, shape and color information of the removed green tile;
the method for extracting the characteristics of the cyan tile image comprises the following steps:
(1.1) preprocessing the collected green tile removing image; extracting image color features of the preprocessed image;
(1.2) acquiring a gray level image of the preprocessed image; dividing the gray level image into a plurality of image blocks, and calculating a gray level co-occurrence matrix of each image block; taking the angular second-order distance, the contrast, the entropy and the related characteristics as selected texture characteristics, and calculating the texture characteristics of each image block according to the gray level co-occurrence matrixes; obtaining texture features corresponding to the preprocessed images according to the texture features of the image blocks;
(1.3) converting the preprocessed image from an RGB color space to an LAB color space; performing SLIC super-segmentation processing on the image in an LAB color space;
(1.4) marking the intersection points according to the super-segmentation result; performing binary classification on the intersection points by using a binary characteristic classifier to obtain cyan tile intersection points and non-cyan tile intersection points; removing the pattern spots connected with the non-cyan tile cross points to obtain a roughly extracted cyan tile profile;
(1.5) setting a pixel threshold value of a cyan tile area, and rejecting a non-cyan tile image which is detected in error; obtaining an external graph of the green tile outline to obtain a green tile area, and reducing the position of the green tile area to the preprocessed green tile image;
(1.6) extracting a cyan tile region on the original processed image, and converting the color space of the cyan tile region from RGB into LAB; performing SLIC (super segmentation of features) super-segmentation processing on the cyan tile region image in an LAB (laboratory) color space; marking a new intersection point according to the super-segmentation result;
(1.7) carrying out three-classification on the new intersection points by using a binary feature classifier to obtain green tile internal points, green tile edge points and non-green tile points; removing the pattern spots connected with the cyan tile intersection points to obtain a finely extracted cyan tile outline;
(1.8) setting a minimum cyan tile area pixel threshold value, and rejecting a non-cyan tile area which is detected wrongly; extracting a green tile contour curve to obtain the shape characteristics of the green tile;
step two, mixing the green tile firing raw materials by a mixing control module, and grinding by a grinding machine by a grinding module to obtain ground powder; the grinding module is used for ball-milling the grinding powder by using a ball mill, and fine powder of the green tile is obtained after sieving;
step three, adding deionized water into the fine powder of the green tile by the mixing control module for mixing, and after uniform stirring, performing filter pressing on the mixture by the filter pressing control module to keep the water content of the mixture after filter pressing at 15-25%;
placing the mixture in an extruder by an extrusion module, and extruding and molding; the blank preparation module is used for placing the formed mixture into a mold, standing the mixture for one day at room temperature and then taking the mixture out to obtain a green tile blank;
placing the green tile blank in a firing kiln for firing by a firing module; the cooling module cools the fired green tile blank by using a distillation cooling machine to obtain a green tile finished product;
and step six, the grinding control module cuts and grinds the green tile finished product through a brick grinding machine.
Further, in the step one, the specific method for dismantling the damaged green tile is as follows:
(1) dividing a green tile laying part of the historic building into a roof part and an eave part; shooting the roof part and the roof eave part of the roof tile, and storing the shot images;
(2) analyzing the shot image to obtain the position information of the damaged cyan tile;
(3) searching a corresponding green tile according to the position information of the damaged green tile, and cleaning the green tile and the periphery of the green tile;
(4) and (4) dismantling the broken green tiles according to tile dismantling rules, and using substitutes to support the tile dismantling part.
Further, in the step (2), the analyzing the shot image specifically includes:
1) aiming at the collected image information, identifying a smooth area of the image surface;
2) if the flat area is identified, the identified flat area is sketched; if no flat area is identified, returning to '1');
3) calculating the gray value of the delineated flat area;
4) carrying out scratching treatment on the drawn smooth area aiming at the acquired image;
5) return "1)"; and stopping the calculation until the calculated gray value of the flat area is maximum to obtain the damaged part of the grey tile.
Further, in step (4), the tile removal rule is: the manual chiseling step by step specifically comprises the following steps:
properly chiseling the adhered part of the tile and the concrete layer by using a hammer and a chisel until the tile is loosened, taking down the tiles piece by piece and immediately moving away;
the dismantling sequence is opposite to the laying sequence, and the damaged green tiles are dismantled from the tail ridges to the cornice;
and removing the ridge tiles along the slope surface in a layered manner.
Further, in step (1.1), the image color feature extraction is performed on the preprocessed image:
firstly, carrying out image blocking on a preprocessed cyan tile image; partitioning the region according to the image blocks;
secondly, detecting the foreground edge of the cyan tile image by combining a chromatic aberration threshold value method with image blocks, and converting the color of each pixel point of the cyan tile image; converting the color of each pixel point in the cyan tile image into HSV space;
finally, adding high weight to the color value of the pixel point in the high weight area, and adding low weight to the color value of the pixel point in the low weight area; and (4) counting the HSV color histogram to obtain a color characteristic value.
Further, in the second step, the green tile firing raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 20-40 parts of shale powder, 5-10 parts of lime powder, 10-20 parts of fly ash, 2-5 parts of green ash, 5-10 parts of black powder and 10-12 parts of furnace slag.
Further, in the second step, the ball milling of the grinding powder by the grinding module using a ball mill includes:
(1) the grinding module is used for placing the grinding powder into a ball mill, and a small amount of absolute ethyl alcohol is dripped into the ball mill;
(2) the grinding module controls the ball milling time to be 10-15min, and the ball milling medium is zirconium dioxide grinding balls;
(3) ball milling to obtain ball milling powder, air drying and sieving to obtain fine green tile powder of 0.2-0.5mm size.
Further, in the fifth step, the firing module places the green tile green body in a firing kiln for firing specifically includes:
(1) placing the green tile blank in a firing kiln, and controlling the temperature of a firing module to be 100-200 ℃ for preheating;
(2) after 3-5 days of smoking, the temperature of the burning module is raised to 300-1000 ℃ for burning for 4-5 days;
(3) the temperature of the firing module is controlled to be lowered to 600-720 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 3 days for green-sealing;
(4) and the firing module controls the temperature to be slowly reduced to the room temperature, opens the firing kiln after staying for 2 hours, and takes out the green tile.
Further, in the sixth step, the cutting and polishing of the green tile finished product by the polishing control module through the brick grinder comprises: the grinding control module controls the brick grinding machine to adopt a water grinding mode and is provided with three anti-seepage sedimentation tanks for recycling water; and digging out sediments in the anti-seepage sedimentation tank and recycling the sediments as raw materials.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a ancient architecture repairing green tile firing control system for controlling the ancient architecture repairing green tile firing method, the ancient architecture repairing green tile firing control system comprising:
the dismantling control module is used for dismantling the damaged green tile;
the image information acquisition module is used for acquiring the removed cyan tile image by utilizing the camera equipment;
the image characteristic extraction module is used for analyzing the removed green tile by using an image characteristic extraction method to obtain the original size, shape and color information of the removed green tile;
the mixing control module is used for mixing the green tile firing raw materials and the green tile fine powder;
the crushing module is used for grinding and ball-milling raw materials by using a grinder and a ball mill;
the filter pressing control module is used for carrying out filter pressing on the mixture and controlling the water content of a filter pressing product;
the extrusion module is used for extruding and molding the mixture by using an extruder;
the blank preparation module is used for placing the formed mixture into a mold, standing the mixture for one day at room temperature and then taking the mixture out to obtain a green tile blank;
the firing module is used for placing the green tile blank body into a firing kiln for firing;
the cooling module is used for cooling the fired grey tile body by utilizing a distillation cooling machine;
and the grinding control module is used for cutting and grinding the green tile finished product through a brick grinding machine.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: in the green tile raw material provided by the invention, the lime powder, the fly ash, the green ash, the black powder and the furnace slag are matched with the shale powder, so that not only is the clay resource saved, but also the wastes such as the furnace slag are recycled, the waste materials are better utilized, the production cost is also reduced, and the damage to the environment is reduced; distilled water generated by steam is used as a cooling medium, the oxygen content in the distilled water is extremely low, other impurities are not contained in the distilled water, the distilled water is in contact with a tile body in the cooling process of the cyan tile, other chemical reactions do not occur, the structural impermeability of the cyan tile after being finished is improved, the cyan tile naturally changes color, other pigments are not added, the cooling contact area of air is wide, and the cooling efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a firing method of ancient architecture renovation green tile provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a firing control system for repairing green tiles of ancient architectures according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. dismantling the control module; 2. an image information acquisition module; 3. an image feature extraction module; 4. a hybrid control module; 5. a crushing module; 6. a filter pressing control module; 7. an extrusion module; 8. a blank preparation module; 9. firing the module; 10. a cooling module; 11. and a grinding control module.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the dismantling of the broken cyan tile according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of analyzing a captured image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of ball milling of the abrasive powder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the green tile green body placed in a firing kiln for firing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a firing method of ancient architecture renovation green tiles, which is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the ancient architecture renovation green tile firing method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, removing the damaged green tile by a removal control module; the image information acquisition module acquires the removed cyan tile image by using the camera equipment; the image feature extraction module analyzes the removed green tile by using an image feature extraction method to obtain the original size, shape and color information of the removed green tile;
s102, mixing the green tile firing raw materials by using a mixing control module, and grinding by using a grinding machine by using a grinding module to obtain ground powder; the grinding module is used for ball-milling the grinding powder by using a ball mill, and fine powder of the green tile is obtained after sieving;
s103, adding deionized water into the fine powder of the green tile by using a mixing control module for mixing, and after uniformly stirring, carrying out filter pressing on the mixture by using a filter pressing control module to keep the water content of the mixture after filter pressing to be 15-25%;
s104, the mixture is placed in an extruder by an extrusion module and is extruded and molded; the blank preparation module is used for placing the formed mixture into a mold, standing the mixture for one day at room temperature and then taking the mixture out to obtain a green tile blank;
s105, placing the green tile blank in a firing kiln for firing by a firing module; the cooling module cools the fired green tile blank by using a distillation cooling machine to obtain a green tile finished product;
and S106, the grinding control module cuts and grinds the green tile finished product through a brick grinding machine.
As shown in fig. 2, the ancient architecture renovation green tile firing control system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:
the dismantling control module 1 is used for dismantling the damaged green tile;
the image information acquisition module 2 is used for acquiring the removed cyan tile image by utilizing the camera equipment;
the image feature extraction module 3 is used for analyzing the removed green tile by using an image feature extraction method to obtain the original size, shape and color information of the removed green tile;
the mixing control module 4 is used for mixing the green tile firing raw materials and the green tile fine powder;
the crushing module 5 is used for grinding and ball-milling raw materials by using a grinder and a ball mill;
the filter pressing control module 6 is used for carrying out filter pressing on the mixture and controlling the water content of a filter pressing product;
an extrusion module 7 for extruding and molding the mixture by an extruder;
the blank preparation module 8 is used for placing the formed mixture into a mold, standing the mixture for one day at room temperature, and taking the mixture out to obtain a green tile blank;
the firing module 9 is used for placing the green tile blank into a firing kiln for firing;
a cooling module 10, which is used for cooling the fired green tile blank by using a distillation cooling machine;
and the grinding control module 11 is used for cutting and grinding the green tile finished product through a brick grinding machine.
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
The ancient architecture repairing green tile firing method provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the damaged green tile dismantling method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s201, dividing a green tile laying part of the historic building into a roof part and an eave part; shooting the roof part and the roof eave part of the roof tile, and storing the shot images;
s202, analyzing the shot image to obtain position information of the damaged cyan tile;
s203, searching a corresponding green tile according to the position information of the damaged green tile, and cleaning the green tile and the periphery of the green tile;
and S204, removing the damaged green tiles according to the tile removing rule, and supporting the tile removing position by using a substitute.
As shown in fig. 4, the analyzing of the captured image according to the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:
s301, aiming at the collected image information, identifying a smooth area on the surface of the image;
s302, if a flat area is identified, delineating the identified flat area; if the flat area is not identified, returning to S301;
s303, calculating the gray value of the delineated flat area;
s304, carrying out scratching treatment on the drawn smooth area by aiming at the acquired image;
s305, returning to S301; and stopping the calculation until the calculated gray value of the flat area is maximum to obtain the damaged part of the grey tile.
Example 2
The ancient architecture restoration green tile firing method provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1, and as a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the ball milling of the grinding powder provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s401, placing the ground powder into a ball mill, and dropwise adding a small amount of absolute ethyl alcohol;
s402, ball milling is carried out for 10-15min, and a ball milling medium is a zirconium dioxide grinding ball;
and S403, performing ball milling to obtain ball milling powder, drying in the air, and sieving to obtain the grey tile fine powder with the particle size of 0.2-0.5 mm.
Example 3
The ancient architecture restoration green tile firing method provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the green tile blank placed in a firing kiln for firing specifically comprises the following steps:
s501, placing the green tile blank in a firing kiln, and preheating at the set temperature of 100-200 ℃;
s502, after smoking for 3-5 days, heating to 300-;
s503, cooling to 600-720 ℃, preserving heat for 3 days, and performing green-sealing;
and S504, slowly cooling to room temperature, standing for 2 hours, opening the firing kiln, and taking out the green tile.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1, the ancient architecture restoration green tile firing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes, as a preferred embodiment, the green tile image feature extraction method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
(1.1) preprocessing the collected green tile removing image; extracting image color features of the preprocessed image;
(1.2) acquiring a gray level image of the preprocessed image; dividing the gray level image into a plurality of image blocks, and calculating a gray level co-occurrence matrix of each image block; taking the angular second-order distance, the contrast, the entropy and the related characteristics as selected texture characteristics, and calculating the texture characteristics of each image block according to the gray level co-occurrence matrixes; obtaining texture features corresponding to the preprocessed images according to the texture features of the image blocks;
(1.3) converting the preprocessed image from an RGB color space to an LAB color space; performing SLIC super-segmentation processing on the image in an LAB color space;
(1.4) marking the intersection points according to the super-segmentation result; performing binary classification on the intersection points by using a binary characteristic classifier to obtain cyan tile intersection points and non-cyan tile intersection points; removing the pattern spots connected with the non-cyan tile cross points to obtain a roughly extracted cyan tile profile;
(1.5) setting a pixel threshold value of a cyan tile area, and rejecting a non-cyan tile image which is detected in error; obtaining an external graph of the green tile outline to obtain a green tile area, and reducing the position of the green tile area to the preprocessed green tile image;
(1.6) extracting a cyan tile region on the original processed image, and converting the color space of the cyan tile region from RGB into LAB; performing SLIC (super segmentation of features) super-segmentation processing on the cyan tile region image in an LAB (laboratory) color space; marking a new intersection point according to the super-segmentation result;
(1.7) carrying out three-classification on the new intersection points by using a binary feature classifier to obtain green tile internal points, green tile edge points and non-green tile points; removing the pattern spots connected with the cyan tile intersection points to obtain a finely extracted cyan tile outline;
(1.8) setting a minimum cyan tile area pixel threshold value, and rejecting a non-cyan tile area which is detected wrongly; extracting a green tile contour curve to obtain the shape characteristics of the green tile;
in step (1.1), the image color feature extraction is performed on the preprocessed image according to the embodiment of the invention:
firstly, carrying out image blocking on a preprocessed cyan tile image; partitioning the region according to the image blocks;
secondly, detecting the foreground edge of the cyan tile image by combining a chromatic aberration threshold value method with image blocks, and converting the color of each pixel point of the cyan tile image; converting the color of each pixel point in the cyan tile image into HSV space;
finally, adding high weight to the color value of the pixel point in the high weight area, and adding low weight to the color value of the pixel point in the low weight area; and (4) counting the HSV color histogram to obtain a color characteristic value.
The invention demolishs the control module and demolishs the damaged green tile; the image information acquisition module acquires the removed cyan tile image by using the camera equipment; the image feature extraction module analyzes the removed green tile by using an image feature extraction method to obtain the original size, shape and color information of the removed green tile; the green tile firing raw materials are mixed by the mixing control module, and the grinding module is used for grinding by a grinder to obtain ground powder; the grinding module is used for ball-milling the grinding powder by using a ball mill, and fine powder of the green tile is obtained after sieving; the mixing control module adds deionized water into the green tile fine powder for mixing, and after uniform stirring, the filter pressing control module performs filter pressing on the mixture to keep the water content of the mixture after filter pressing at 15-25%; the extrusion module is used for placing the mixture in an extruder and carrying out extrusion molding; the blank preparation module is used for placing the formed mixture into a mold, standing the mixture for one day at room temperature and then taking the mixture out to obtain a green tile blank; the firing module is used for placing the green tile blank body into a firing kiln for firing; the cooling module cools the fired green tile blank by using a distillation cooling machine to obtain a green tile finished product; and the grinding control module cuts and grinds the green tile finished product through a brick grinding machine.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein, which is within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The firing method of the ancient architecture renovation green tile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, a dismantling control module is used for dismantling the damaged green tile; the image information acquisition module acquires the removed cyan tile image by using the camera equipment; the image feature extraction module analyzes the removed green tile by using an image feature extraction method to obtain the original size, shape and color information of the removed green tile;
the method for extracting the characteristics of the cyan tile image comprises the following steps:
(1.1) preprocessing the collected green tile removing image; extracting image color features of the preprocessed image;
(1.2) acquiring a gray level image of the preprocessed image; dividing the gray level image into a plurality of image blocks, and calculating a gray level co-occurrence matrix of each image block; taking the angular second-order distance, the contrast, the entropy and the related characteristics as selected texture characteristics, and calculating the texture characteristics of each image block according to the gray level co-occurrence matrixes; obtaining texture features corresponding to the preprocessed images according to the texture features of the image blocks;
(1.3) converting the preprocessed image from an RGB color space to an LAB color space; performing SLIC super-segmentation processing on the image in an LAB color space;
(1.4) marking the intersection points according to the super-segmentation result; performing binary classification on the intersection points by using a binary characteristic classifier to obtain cyan tile intersection points and non-cyan tile intersection points; removing the pattern spots connected with the non-cyan tile cross points to obtain a roughly extracted cyan tile profile;
(1.5) setting a pixel threshold value of a cyan tile area, and rejecting a non-cyan tile image which is detected in error; obtaining an external graph of the green tile outline to obtain a green tile area, and reducing the position of the green tile area to the preprocessed green tile image;
(1.6) extracting a cyan tile region on the original processed image, and converting the color space of the cyan tile region from RGB into LAB; performing SLIC (super segmentation of features) super-segmentation processing on the cyan tile region image in an LAB (laboratory) color space; marking a new intersection point according to the super-segmentation result;
(1.7) carrying out three-classification on the new intersection points by using a binary feature classifier to obtain green tile internal points, green tile edge points and non-green tile points; removing the pattern spots connected with the cyan tile intersection points to obtain a finely extracted cyan tile outline;
(1.8) setting a minimum cyan tile area pixel threshold value, and rejecting a non-cyan tile area which is detected wrongly; extracting a green tile contour curve to obtain the shape characteristics of the green tile;
step two, mixing the green tile firing raw materials by a mixing control module, and grinding by a grinding machine by a grinding module to obtain ground powder; the grinding module is used for ball-milling the grinding powder by using a ball mill, and fine powder of the green tile is obtained after sieving;
step three, adding deionized water into the fine powder of the green tile by the mixing control module for mixing, and after uniform stirring, performing filter pressing on the mixture by the filter pressing control module to keep the water content of the mixture after filter pressing at 15-25%;
placing the mixture in an extruder by an extrusion module, and extruding and molding; the blank preparation module is used for placing the formed mixture into a mold, standing the mixture for one day at room temperature and then taking the mixture out to obtain a green tile blank;
placing the green tile blank in a firing kiln for firing by a firing module; the cooling module cools the fired green tile blank by using a distillation cooling machine to obtain a green tile finished product;
and step six, the grinding control module cuts and grinds the green tile finished product through a brick grinding machine.
2. The method for firing the ancient architecture repairing green tile as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the concrete method for dismantling the damaged green tile is as follows:
(1) dividing a green tile laying part of the historic building into a roof part and an eave part; shooting the roof part and the roof eave part of the roof tile, and storing the shot images;
(2) analyzing the shot image to obtain the position information of the damaged cyan tile;
(3) searching a corresponding green tile according to the position information of the damaged green tile, and cleaning the green tile and the periphery of the green tile;
(4) and (4) dismantling the broken green tiles according to tile dismantling rules, and using substitutes to support the tile dismantling part.
3. The method for firing the ancient architecture restoration green tile as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the analyzing the shot image specifically comprises:
1) aiming at the collected image information, identifying a smooth area of the image surface;
2) if the flat area is identified, the identified flat area is sketched; if no flat area is identified, returning to '1');
3) calculating the gray value of the delineated flat area;
4) carrying out scratching treatment on the drawn smooth area aiming at the acquired image;
5) return "1)"; and stopping the calculation until the calculated gray value of the flat area is maximum to obtain the damaged part of the grey tile.
4. The method for firing ancient architecture restoration green tiles according to claim 2, wherein in the step (4), the tile removing rule is as follows: the manual chiseling step by step specifically comprises the following steps:
properly chiseling the adhered part of the tile and the concrete layer by using a hammer and a chisel until the tile is loosened, taking down the tiles piece by piece and immediately moving away;
the dismantling sequence is opposite to the laying sequence, and the damaged green tiles are dismantled from the tail ridges to the cornice;
and removing the ridge tiles along the slope surface in a layered manner.
5. The method for firing the ancient architecture restoration roof tiles as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1.1), the image color feature extraction is carried out on the preprocessed image:
firstly, carrying out image blocking on a preprocessed cyan tile image; partitioning the region according to the image blocks;
secondly, detecting the foreground edge of the cyan tile image by combining a chromatic aberration threshold value method with image blocks, and converting the color of each pixel point of the cyan tile image; converting the color of each pixel point in the cyan tile image into HSV space;
finally, adding high weight to the color value of the pixel point in the high weight area, and adding low weight to the color value of the pixel point in the low weight area; and (4) counting the HSV color histogram to obtain a color characteristic value.
6. The ancient architecture recovery green tile firing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the green tile firing raw materials comprise, by mass: 20-40 parts of shale powder, 5-10 parts of lime powder, 10-20 parts of fly ash, 2-5 parts of green ash, 5-10 parts of black powder and 10-12 parts of furnace slag.
7. The firing method of ancient architecture restoration green tiles as recited in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the step of ball-milling the grinding powder by the grinding module by using a ball mill comprises the following steps:
(1) the grinding module is used for placing the grinding powder into a ball mill, and a small amount of absolute ethyl alcohol is dripped into the ball mill;
(2) the grinding module controls the ball milling time to be 10-15min, and the ball milling medium is zirconium dioxide grinding balls;
(3) ball milling to obtain ball milling powder, air drying and sieving to obtain fine green tile powder of 0.2-0.5mm size.
8. The method for firing the ancient architecture rehabilitation green tile as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step five, the firing module places the green tile green body in the firing kiln for firing specifically comprises:
(1) placing the green tile blank in a firing kiln, and controlling the temperature of a firing module to be 100-200 ℃ for preheating;
(2) after 3-5 days of smoking, the temperature of the burning module is raised to 300-1000 ℃ for burning for 4-5 days;
(3) the temperature of the firing module is controlled to be lowered to 600-720 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 3 days for green-sealing;
(4) and the firing module controls the temperature to be slowly reduced to the room temperature, opens the firing kiln after staying for 2 hours, and takes out the green tile.
9. The method for firing the ancient architecture recovery green tile as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step six, the cutting and polishing of the green tile finished product by the polishing control module through the brick grinder comprises: the grinding control module controls the brick grinding machine to adopt a water grinding mode and is provided with three anti-seepage sedimentation tanks for recycling water; and digging out sediments in the anti-seepage sedimentation tank and recycling the sediments as raw materials.
10. A green tile firing control system for repairing ancient buildings according to the method for repairing ancient buildings of claims 1-9, wherein the green tile firing control system for repairing ancient buildings comprises:
the dismantling control module is used for dismantling the damaged green tile;
the image information acquisition module is used for acquiring the removed cyan tile image by utilizing the camera equipment;
the image characteristic extraction module is used for analyzing the removed green tile by using an image characteristic extraction method to obtain the original size, shape and color information of the removed green tile;
the mixing control module is used for mixing the green tile firing raw materials and the green tile fine powder;
the crushing module is used for grinding and ball-milling raw materials by using a grinder and a ball mill;
the filter pressing control module is used for carrying out filter pressing on the mixture and controlling the water content of a filter pressing product;
the extrusion module is used for extruding and molding the mixture by using an extruder;
the blank preparation module is used for placing the formed mixture into a mold, standing the mixture for one day at room temperature and then taking the mixture out to obtain a green tile blank;
the firing module is used for placing the green tile blank body into a firing kiln for firing;
the cooling module is used for cooling the fired grey tile body by utilizing a distillation cooling machine;
and the grinding control module is used for cutting and grinding the green tile finished product through a brick grinding machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010353645.9A CN111635217A (en) | 2020-04-29 | 2020-04-29 | Ancient building restoration green tile firing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010353645.9A CN111635217A (en) | 2020-04-29 | 2020-04-29 | Ancient building restoration green tile firing method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111635217A true CN111635217A (en) | 2020-09-08 |
Family
ID=72326720
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010353645.9A Withdrawn CN111635217A (en) | 2020-04-29 | 2020-04-29 | Ancient building restoration green tile firing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111635217A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114105606A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-01 | 安徽龙钰徽派古建工艺制品有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength antique green tile |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102826833A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2012-12-19 | 河南省偃师市古典园林有限公司 | Porcelain grey tile without carburization and sintering method thereof |
| CN103351117A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-10-16 | 梅州市锦发有限公司 | Autoclaved blue brick or grey tile and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106631103A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2017-05-10 | 天津市华艺建筑材料有限公司 | Antique building tile and preparation method thereof |
| CN110372322A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-10-25 | 安徽龙钰徽派古建工艺制品有限公司 | A kind of rehabilitating historic building grey tile burning process and system |
| CN110818390A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2020-02-21 | 重庆市忠县古屋建材有限公司 | Green tile and firing process thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-04-29 CN CN202010353645.9A patent/CN111635217A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102826833A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2012-12-19 | 河南省偃师市古典园林有限公司 | Porcelain grey tile without carburization and sintering method thereof |
| CN103351117A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-10-16 | 梅州市锦发有限公司 | Autoclaved blue brick or grey tile and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106631103A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2017-05-10 | 天津市华艺建筑材料有限公司 | Antique building tile and preparation method thereof |
| CN110818390A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2020-02-21 | 重庆市忠县古屋建材有限公司 | Green tile and firing process thereof |
| CN110372322A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-10-25 | 安徽龙钰徽派古建工艺制品有限公司 | A kind of rehabilitating historic building grey tile burning process and system |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114105606A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-01 | 安徽龙钰徽派古建工艺制品有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength antique green tile |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110204306B (en) | Silk fine matt ceramic tile and preparation method thereof | |
| CN1189413C (en) | Process for treating steel slag | |
| CN111635217A (en) | Ancient building restoration green tile firing method | |
| CN109675827B (en) | Building rubbish identification and sorting equipment, identification method and grabbing method thereof | |
| CN101053975A (en) | System and method for producing cement short flow-process with metallurgical furnace slag | |
| CN109101878B (en) | Image analysis system and image analysis method for straw fuel value estimation | |
| CN101059450A (en) | Intelligent identification method of metallurgical mine phase | |
| CN108273759B (en) | Method and system for screening red bricks and concrete through image recognition | |
| CN109097587A (en) | A kind of method of precious metal in high efficiente callback lead anode slurry | |
| CN111626529A (en) | Method for evaluating dispersion degree of RAP in recycled asphalt mixture | |
| CN112434570A (en) | Image identification method for shaking table ore belt of tantalum-niobium ore | |
| CN105239097A (en) | Water quenching and separating treatment method for anode carbon slime in aluminum electrolysis | |
| KR20170112765A (en) | manufacturing method of fine aggregate using aluminium waste dust and concrete block | |
| CN111041194A (en) | Preparation device for improving green pellet quality of mineral powder pellets and application method thereof | |
| CN111805720A (en) | Organic sludge filter-pressing brick making method | |
| CN104108920B (en) | A kind of useless brick and tile make the method for square brick | |
| CN108373280B (en) | Process for recycling waste concrete aggregate and cementing material | |
| CN102580983A (en) | Recycling system of building ceramic polishing residues and waste materials | |
| CN106630706A (en) | A method of preparing a cement raw material from a viscous-wet type calcium material | |
| CN107445614A (en) | A kind of compound zirconium oxide powder and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111153617B (en) | Regenerated composite admixture utilizing construction waste and preparation method thereof | |
| KR20130027116A (en) | The composition for ocherous soil concrete and road paving method using the same | |
| KR20130031425A (en) | Method of obtaining matte and slag from tailings | |
| CN109053170A (en) | A kind of nano magnesia ceramics and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112756082B (en) | Green regeneration method of electrolytic aluminum waste tank lining mixture |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20200908 |