CN111634018B - Forming method of bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product - Google Patents
Forming method of bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product Download PDFInfo
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- CN111634018B CN111634018B CN201910878464.5A CN201910878464A CN111634018B CN 111634018 B CN111634018 B CN 111634018B CN 201910878464 A CN201910878464 A CN 201910878464A CN 111634018 B CN111634018 B CN 111634018B
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- polylactic acid
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- conveying channel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material processing, and particularly relates to a forming method of a bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product. It has solved the technical problem such as the easy carbonization of prior art bamboo fibre. The granulation process of the polylactic acid bamboo fiber composite material comprises the following steps: s1, preparing materials; s2, releasing; s3, heating; s4, extruding; s5, cutting off; and S6, die casting. The invention has the advantages that: the carbonization of the bamboo fiber material caused by long-time high-temperature heating in the conveying channel can be prevented, and the product quality is improved; meanwhile, the path passing through the conveying channel is shortened, so that the addition amount of the bamboo fiber can be increased, and the cost of producing the main material is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material processing, and particularly relates to a forming method of a bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product.
Background
The polylactic acid, the bamboo fiber and the auxiliary materials can be mixed to prepare the environment-friendly material, and the material is applied to the food fields of various tableware and the like.
When mixing various materials, the current materials are mixed together in a concentrated manner and then heated to produce the final composite material.
The heating is carried out in the transmission channel, and the mixing can cause the carbonization of the bamboo fiber material in the transmission spiral channel due to the high-temperature heating, thereby destroying the original performance of the bamboo fiber.
Secondly, the existing composite materials are molded in an injection molding mode, the viscosity of the heated materials needs to be certain in the injection molding process, and the materials cannot be subjected to injection molding if the materials are too viscous, so that the addition amount of the bamboo fibers is limited, namely, the cost of the main materials is relatively high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for forming a bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, which can solve the technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the forming method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials, namely weighing the raw materials including polylactic acid, bamboo fiber, talcum powder and auxiliary agent according to a set amount for later use;
s2, feeding, namely feeding polylactic acid, talcum powder and an auxiliary agent into a main feeding device, and feeding bamboo fibers into a bamboo fiber feeding device, wherein the main feeding device is arranged at the feeding end of a conveying channel, and the bamboo fiber feeding device is arranged at the side part between the middle part and the discharging end of the conveying channel;
s3, heating, starting a feeding screw penetrating through a conveying channel, mixing polylactic acid, talcum powder and an auxiliary agent through the feeding screw, mixing bamboo fiber with the mixed polylactic acid, talcum powder and auxiliary agent through the feeding screw, and heating the conveying channel and synchronously heating the raw materials by a heating mechanism in the mixing process of the raw materials;
s4, extruding, feeding the heated mixed raw materials into an extrusion die, and extruding continuous block materials by the extrusion die;
s5, cutting, namely cutting the continuous blocky materials according to a set length;
and S6, die casting, wherein the cut single block-shaped material is forced to enter a die-casting die for die casting, namely the die-casting product is obtained by die casting.
In the step S1, the raw materials include the following by weight: 80-90% of polylactic acid, 5-12% of talcum powder, 1-15% of bamboo fiber and 20% of auxiliary agent.
In the above step S1, the auxiliary agents include nucleating agents, antioxidants, hydrolyzing agents, fiber floating agents, and antibacterial agents.
In the forming method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the heating mechanism comprises a steam pipeline surrounding the outer wall of the conveying channel, the steam pipeline is connected with a steam source, and a protective sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the conveying channel, and the steam pipeline is positioned between the conveying channel and the protective sleeve.
In the forming method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the granulating device comprises a material receiving channel for receiving the cooled continuous strip-shaped material, an inner cone is arranged inside a discharge end of the material receiving channel, a large inner diameter end of the inner cone is a feed end, a small inner diameter end of the inner cone is a discharge end, a granulating cutter is connected to a small inner diameter end of the inner cone, and the granulating cutter is connected with a granulating motor through a belt transmission structure.
In the molding method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the main feeding device comprises a feeding hopper which is arranged at the upper side of the feeding end of the conveying channel and connected through a plurality of stand columns, the lower end of the feeding hopper is closed, the upper end of the feeding hopper is open, a discharging pipe is connected to one side of the lower end of the feeding hopper, a vertical hopper is connected to the discharging end of the discharging pipe, the lower end of the vertical hopper is communicated with the conveying channel, a screw rod I is arranged in the feeding hopper in a penetrating mode, the screw rod I extends into the discharging pipe, and the screw rod I is connected with a feeding motor I.
In the forming method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the bamboo fiber feeding device comprises a support frame, a discharge chute which is horizontally arranged is arranged on the support frame, the discharge end of the discharge chute is connected with the lateral part between the middle part and the discharge end and is communicated with the conveying channel, a spiral discharging mechanism is arranged in the discharge chute, and a guide cylinder which is positioned above the side of the discharge chute, the upper end of the guide cylinder is open, the opening of the guide cylinder is connected with a feed hopper, one side of the guide cylinder is connected with the horizontally arranged discharge cylinder, and two extruding screw rods which are inserted into the discharge cylinder are connected with the guide cylinder in a rotating way, one ends of the extruding screw rods extend into the guide cylinder and are connected with the guide cylinder in a rotating way, the two extruding screw rods are positioned in the same horizontal plane and have the same rotating direction, the discharge end of the discharge cylinder is connected with a blanking hopper, and the lower end of the blanking hopper is communicated with the upper side of the feed end of the discharge chute, the material stirring shaft is connected to the guide cylinder and located above the extruding screw rod, one end of the material stirring shaft is extended to the position below the feed hopper, the material stirring shaft and the extruding screw rod are connected with the same power driving mechanism, and the material stirring sheet is connected to the end, extended to the position below the feed hopper, of the material stirring shaft.
In the molding method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the material pushing shaft is positioned above the right center between the two material extruding screws.
In the forming method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the power driving mechanism comprises a box body fixed at the top of the support frame, one end of the extruding screw rod extends into the box body and is rotationally connected with the box body, the other end of the stirring shaft extends into the box body and is rotationally connected with the box body, one end of the extruding screw rod extending into the box body is connected with the other end of the stirring shaft through a linkage structure, and any one extruding screw rod is connected with the power driving motor.
The linkage structure comprises a first gear arranged at one end of each extrusion screw rod extending into the box body, the two first gears are meshed, and a second gear meshed with any one first gear is arranged at the other end of the material stirring shaft.
In the forming method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the stirring sheet is Z-shaped, the stirring shaft rotates to drive the stirring sheet to synchronously rotate, and any one end of the stirring sheet intermittently extends into the lower end of the feeding hopper.
In the molding method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the material pushing shaft is positioned above the right center between the two material extruding screws.
In the forming method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the support frame comprises a base and a first horizontal plate connected to the top of the base, the first horizontal plate is connected with a second horizontal plate through four connecting upright posts, the second horizontal plate is connected with a third horizontal plate through four connecting upright posts, the discharge chute and the spiral discharge mechanism are fixed on the upper surface of the second horizontal plate, and the guide cylinder and the power driving mechanism are fixed on the upper surface of the third horizontal plate.
In the molding method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the spiral discharging mechanism comprises a spiral discharging rod arranged in the discharging groove in a penetrating manner, a fixing box fixed on the second horizontal plate and a screw protecting pipe connected between the fixing box and the discharging groove, a servo motor is connected to the base, a speed reducer connected to an output shaft of the servo motor is fixed to one side, away from the screw protecting pipe, of the fixing box, a transmission shaft is connected to one end, close to the screw protecting pipe, of the spiral discharging rod, and the transmission shaft is connected with the speed reducer.
In the forming method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the open end of the guide cylinder is provided with the lower flange, the lower end of the feed hopper is connected with the upper flange, the upper flange is placed on the lower flange, and the upper flange and the lower flange are fixed together through a plurality of bolts.
In the molding method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the first horizontal plate, the second horizontal plate and the third horizontal plate are all rectangular plates, one end of the first horizontal plate is fixed at the top of the base, the other end of the first horizontal plate is in a suspended state, the periphery of the second horizontal plate is flush with the periphery of the first horizontal plate, one end of the third horizontal plate is positioned above the middle of the second horizontal plate, and the other end of the third horizontal plate is extended to the outer side of one end, far away from the suspended end of the first horizontal plate, of the second horizontal plate.
In the forming method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, four upright posts are distributed in an array, the feed hopper is fixed on the feeding bottom plate, and the feeding bottom plate is fixed at the upper ends of the four upright posts.
In the molding method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, one side of the feed hopper connected with the discharge pipe is connected with the observation glass I.
In the molding method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the opening of the feed hopper is connected with the feed hopper.
In the molding method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the second observation glass is connected to the feeding hopper.
In the above method for forming a bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite product, in the step S5, the extrusion mold c includes a cylindrical mold body having an extrusion molding channel, one end of the extrusion molding channel is a feeding end, the other end of the extrusion molding channel is a discharging end, and an arc chamfer is provided at the feeding end of the extrusion molding channel.
In the above method for forming a bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite product, in the step S5, the cutting is performed by using a cutting device, the cutting device includes a receiving plate, one end of the receiving plate faces the die-casting mold, the other end of the receiving plate is connected to the extrusion mold c, one end of the receiving plate close to the die-casting mold is connected to a moving plate in the same horizontal plane with the receiving plate, the moving plate is connected to a translational driving device, the moving plate and the receiving plate are in a conveying state when spliced together, and the moving plate and the receiving plate are in a cutting state when spaced apart, and the cutting device further includes a translational circular cutter, and the translational cutter passes through between the moving plate and the receiving plate under the driving of the translational driving mechanism when spaced apart.
In the molding method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product, the translation driving device comprises two horizontal guide rails fixed on the top of the bottom frame, two sliding blocks which are in sliding connection with the horizontal guide rails one by one are arranged on the lower surface of the moving plate, and an air cylinder connected with the lower surface of the moving plate is arranged on the top of the bottom frame;
the translation actuating mechanism comprises an L-shaped support fixed at the top of the underframe, one end of the L-shaped support is fixedly connected with the top of the underframe through a bolt, the other end of the L-shaped support transversely spans a gap formed between the moving plate and the receiving plate, a horizontal screw rod arranged horizontally is arranged at the other end of the L-shaped support, a threaded sleeve is sleeved on the horizontal screw rod, a horizontal guide structure is arranged between the threaded sleeve and the other end of the L-shaped support, a translation circular knife is fixed on the threaded sleeve through a rotating shaft, a blade driving motor is arranged at the other end of the L-shaped support, the blade driving motor is connected with the rotating shaft through a belt transmission structure, and the horizontal screw rod is connected with a servo motor.
Compared with the prior art, the forming method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product has the advantages that:
the main raw materials are fed through the feed hopper, and the discharge of the bamboo fiber feeding device is arranged on the side part of the bamboo fiber feeding device, so that the mixing purpose can be achieved, meanwhile, the carbonization of the bamboo fiber material caused by long-time high-temperature heating in a conveying channel can be prevented, and the product quality is improved; meanwhile, the path passing through the conveying channel is shortened, so that the addition amount of the bamboo fiber can be increased, and the cost of producing the main material is reduced.
Dial the rotatory disconnected confession that can prevent bamboo fiber material of tablet, and its shearing force of the crowded material screw rod of setting is little, can prevent that bamboo fiber material from not being extruded and leading to the impaired decomposition of bamboo fiber material, and can form once mixing to bamboo fiber material, and simultaneously, utilize the difference in height to get into bamboo fiber material to the blown down tank in, can form the breaking up to bamboo fiber material, and form quantitative feed through spiral discharge mechanism at last, overall structure can improve the feed efficiency of bamboo fiber material, and the feed quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simple schematic diagram of a molding method of a bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite product provided by the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an extrusion die structure provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting device provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the feeding state of the cutting device provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 3 according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a state at the time of cutting off provided by the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a main feeding device provided by the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another perspective structure of the main feeding device provided by the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a bamboo fiber feeding device provided by the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a guide cylinder according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the feeding state of the molding method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite product provided by the invention.
FIG. 12 is a block flow diagram of a method provided by the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a rotating ring provided by the present invention.
Fig. 14 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at B in fig. 13 according to the present invention.
In the figure, bamboo fiber feeding device a, support frame a1, base a10, horizontal plate a11, connecting column a12, horizontal plate second a13, connecting column second a14, horizontal plate third a15, discharge chute a2, spiral discharge mechanism a3, spiral discharge rod a30, fixed box a31, screw protection pipe a32, servo motor a33, speed reducer a34, drive shaft a35, material guide cylinder a4, lower flange a4, material stirring shaft a4, material stirring sheet a4, feed hopper a4, upper flange a4, discharge cylinder a4, material extruding discharge pipe a4, material falling hopper a4, power driving mechanism a4, box a4, power driving motor a4, conveying channel b 4, column b 4, feed hopper b 4, vertical discharge pipe b 4, screw b 4, feeding motor b 4, glass bottom plate b 4, glass observation channel c 4, glass mold c 4, and arc shaped observation channel c 4, glass mold 4, and the like, Die-casting die d, cutting device e, bearing plate e1, moving plate e2, translation driving device e3, air cylinder e30, translation circular disc cutter e4, bottom frame e6, L-shaped bracket e70, horizontal screw e71, screw sleeve e72 and blade driving motor e 73.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the molding method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite product is based on a die casting line, the die casting line comprises a conveying channel b1, and a feeding screw b2 penetrating into the conveying channel b1, the feeding screw b2 is connected with a feeding main motor, of course, in order to improve the rotation stability of the feeding screw b2, a gear box is connected to an output shaft of the feeding main motor, the feeding screw b2 is connected with the gear box, and a heating mechanism for heating the conveying channel b1 comprises a steam pipeline surrounding the outer wall of the conveying channel b1, the steam pipeline is connected with a steam source, and a protective sleeve is sleeved outside the conveying channel b1, and the steam pipeline is located between the conveying channel b1 and the protective sleeve.
The protection sleeve can prevent scalding accidents caused by manual maintenance.
The steam pipeline is any one of a spiral pipe and a coiled pipe, or a plurality of circular pipes which are connected in series and sleeved on the conveying channel b 1.
As shown in figure 2 of the drawings, in which,
an extrusion die c is connected to the discharge end of the conveying channel b1, the extrusion die c comprises a cylindrical die body c1 with an extrusion molding channel c10, one end of the extrusion molding channel c10 is a feed end, the other end of the extrusion molding channel c10 is a discharge end, and a circular arc chamfer c11 is arranged at the feed end of the extrusion molding channel c 10. The arc chamfer c11 plays a role of guiding.
The extruded channel c10 is a rectangular channel.
The two ends of the cylindrical die body c1 are respectively provided with an annular groove and an annular rubber sealing ring arranged in the annular groove, and the annular rubber sealing ring partially protrudes out of the notch of the annular groove so as to form better sealing after being extruded in the thickness direction.
As shown in the figures 3-6 of the drawings,
and a cutting device e positioned behind the extrusion die c, wherein the cutting device e comprises a bearing plate e1, one end of the bearing plate e1 faces to the die-casting die d, the other end of the bearing plate e1 is connected with the extrusion die c, one end of the bearing plate e1 close to the die-casting die d is connected with a moving plate e2 which is positioned in the same horizontal plane with the bearing plate e1, the moving plate e2 is connected with a translation driving device e3, the moving plate e2 and the bearing plate e1 are spliced together to be in a conveying state, and the moving plate e2 and the bearing plate e1 are in a cutting state when being spaced, the cutting device e further comprises a translation circular knife e4, and the translation circular knife e4 passes between the moving plate e2 and the bearing plate e1 under the driving of the translation driving mechanism when being spaced between the moving plate e2 and the bearing plate e 1.
The translation driving device e3 comprises two horizontal guide rails fixed at the top of the bottom frame e6, two sliders which are in sliding connection with the horizontal guide rails one by one are arranged on the lower surface of the moving plate e2, and an air cylinder e30 connected with the lower surface of the moving plate e2 is arranged at the top of the bottom frame e 6;
the translational driving mechanism comprises an L-shaped support e70 fixed at the top of a bottom frame e6, one end of an L-shaped support e70 is fixedly connected with the top of the bottom frame e6 through a bolt, the other end of the L-shaped support e70 transversely spans a gap formed when a moving plate e2 and a bearing plate e1 are spaced, a horizontal screw e71 horizontally arranged is arranged at the other end of the L-shaped support e70, a threaded sleeve e72 sleeved on the horizontal screw e71 is arranged, a horizontal guiding structure is arranged between the threaded sleeve e72 and the other end of the L-shaped support e70, the horizontal guiding structure comprises a guide pillar and guide sleeve structure, or a guide rail and slider structure is adopted, a translational disc cutter e4 is fixed on the threaded sleeve e72 through a rotating shaft, a blade driving motor e73 is arranged at the other end of the L-shaped support e70, the blade driving motor e73 is connected with the rotating shaft through a belt transmission structure, and the horizontal screw e71 is connected with a servo motor e 74.
The bearing plate e1 is fixed on the top of the bottom frame e 6.
The die-casting mold d includes a lower concave film and an upper convex mold which are matched with each other to die-cast a product, for example, a dish, a bowl, etc.
As shown in the figures 7-8 of the drawings,
the feeding end of the conveying channel b1 is connected with a main feeding device b, the main feeding device b comprises a feeding hopper b11 which is arranged on the upper side of the feeding end of the conveying channel b1 and connected through a plurality of columns b10, the upper side of the feeding end of the conveying channel b1 is connected with the feeding hopper b11 through a plurality of columns b10, the columns b10 of the embodiment are four and distributed in an array, the feeding hopper b11 is fixed on a feeding bottom plate b16, and the feeding bottom plate b16 is fixed at the upper ends of the four columns b 10.
The overhead hopper b11 prevents heat from the transfer path b1 from transferring to hopper b11 and affecting the feeding of hopper b 11.
The lower end of feed hopper b11 is closed, the upper end of feed hopper b11 is open, the opening of feed hopper b11 is connected with feed hopper b18, and feed hopper b18 is connected with observation glass two b 19.
The feeding hopper b18 can enlarge the feeding capacity, and the designed second viewing glass b19 can facilitate the observation of the inner material.
One side of the lower end of the feed hopper b11 is connected with a discharge pipe b12 and a vertical hopper b13 connected to the discharge end of the discharge pipe b12, the lower end of the vertical hopper b13 is communicated with a conveying channel b1, a screw rod b14 penetrates through the feed hopper b11, the screw rod b14 extends into the discharge pipe b12, and the screw rod b14 is connected with a feed motor b 15.
When the feeding motor b15 is started, the screw b14 is driven to rotate, and at the moment, the material in the feeding hopper b18 is taken away by the screw b14 and enters the discharging pipe b12, and finally enters the feeding end of the conveying channel b1 from the vertical hopper b 13.
Next, a viewing glass b17 is connected to the side of the feed hopper b11 to which the discharge pipe b12 is connected. Sight glass one b17 may facilitate the observation of the amount of internal material.
A bamboo fiber feeding device a is connected to a side portion between the middle portion and the discharge end of the transfer passage b1, as shown in fig. 8-11,
the bamboo fiber feeding device a comprises a supporting frame a1, specifically, the supporting frame a1 of the embodiment comprises a base a10, a first horizontal plate a11 connected to the top of the base a10, a second horizontal plate a13 connected to the first horizontal plate a11 through four first connecting uprights a12, and a third horizontal plate a15 connected to the second horizontal plate a13 through four second connecting uprights a 14.
Secondly, the first horizontal plate a11, the second horizontal plate a13 and the third horizontal plate a15 are all rectangular plates, one end of the first horizontal plate a11 is fixed at the top of the base a10, the other end of the first horizontal plate a11 is in a suspended state, the periphery of the second horizontal plate a13 is flush with the periphery of the first horizontal plate a11, one end of the third horizontal plate a15 is located above the middle of the second horizontal plate a13, and the other end of the third horizontal plate a15 is extended to the outer side of the end, away from the suspended end of the first horizontal plate a11, of the second horizontal plate a 13.
The interval distribution, it can effectively alleviate complete machine weight, simultaneously, adopts alignment and unsettled structure, and it can form effective help to the stability of structure, because, only support frame stable in structure has, just can ensure whole feeding device's work efficiency.
Meanwhile, the suspension design can effectively utilize the existing space.
The lower end of the first connecting upright a12 is locked on the first horizontal plate a11 through two nuts, and meanwhile, the second horizontal plate a13 can be fixed through two nuts. This structure can facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the whole structure.
Similarly, the second connecting pillar a14 can also be used to connect the second horizontal plate and the third horizontal plate, and then disassemble the second horizontal plate and the third horizontal plate.
A discharge chute a2 is horizontally arranged on the supporting frame a1, the discharge end of the discharge chute a2 is connected to the side part between the middle part and the discharge end and is communicated with the conveying channel b1, a spiral discharge mechanism a3 is arranged in the discharge chute a2, the discharge chute a2 and the spiral discharge mechanism a3 are fixed on the upper surface of the second horizontal plate a13, and the guide cylinder a4 and the power driving mechanism a9 are fixed on the upper surface of the third horizontal plate a 15.
Further, the spiral discharging mechanism a3 comprises a spiral discharging rod a30 penetrating the discharging groove a2, a fixing box a31 fixed on the second horizontal plate a13, and a screw protecting pipe a32 connected between the fixing box a31 and the discharging groove a2, a servo motor a33 and a speed reducer a34 connected to an output shaft of the servo motor a33 are connected to the base a10, the speed reducer a34 is fixed on one side of the fixing box a31 far away from the screw protecting pipe a32, one end of the spiral discharging rod a30 close to the screw protecting pipe a32 is connected with a transmission shaft a35, and the transmission shaft a35 is connected with the speed reducer a 34.
The fixed box a31 is directly fixed on the second horizontal plate and can be fixed by welding or bolts.
And the guide cylinder a4 is positioned above the side of the discharge chute a2, the upper end of the guide cylinder a4 is open, the opening of the guide cylinder a4 is connected with a feed hopper a5, the opening of the guide cylinder a4 is provided with a lower flange a40, the lower end of the feed hopper a5 is connected with an upper flange a50, the upper flange a50 is placed on the lower flange a40, and the upper flange a50 and the lower flange a40 are fixed together through a plurality of bolts.
As shown in the figures 13-14 of the drawings,
an annular groove b31 is formed on the inner wall of one end of the conveying channel b1 close to the discharge chute a2, an annular groove b31 is positioned behind the discharge outlet of the discharge chute a2, a rotating ring b3 is installed in the annular groove b31, the end surfaces of both ends of the rotating ring b3 are in rotary sealing connection with the groove walls of both sides of the annular groove b31, an annular seal ring b32 is respectively arranged on the groove walls of both sides of the annular groove b31, a sealing ring groove b34 is arranged on one end surface of the groove bottom of the annular seal ring b32 far away from the annular groove b31, an outer convex ring b33 is respectively arranged on both end surfaces of the rotating ring b3, the outer convex ring b33 is clamped in the sealing ring groove b34, and the notch width of the sealing ring 387b groove 34 is smaller than the thickness of the outer convex ring b33, the structure can form a seal, and two independent annular sealing spaces 37 are formed between the outer convex sealing ring b34 and the outer convex ring b33 when the outer convex ring b 49742 is clamped in the sealing ring b34, grease is added to the annular sealing space, which can be used for self-lubrication and friction reduction.
That is, the outer end surface of the outer protrusion ring b33 is fitted into the groove bottom of the sealing ring groove b34 to form a seal, and the displacement of the rotating ring b3 is prevented.
A communication hole b35 communicated with the annular groove b31 and a driving gear b36 partially accommodated in the communication hole are further arranged on the conveying channel b1, a plurality of external teeth which are uniformly distributed on the circumference are arranged on the outer wall of the rotating ring b3, the driving gear b36 is meshed with the external teeth, the driving gear b36 is fixed on the conveying channel b1 through a U-shaped frame, and meanwhile, the driving gear b36 is connected with a servo motor.
A plurality of helical blades b38 are arranged on the inner wall of the rotating ring b3, and the rotation direction of the helical blades is opposite to that of the helical blades of the feeding screw b 2.
The above structure is designed to force the material entering the conveying channel b1 from the discharging chute a2 to form a mixture with the material in the conveying channel b 1.
As shown in the figures 8-11 of the drawings,
one side of the material guiding cylinder a4 is connected with a horizontally arranged discharging cylinder a6, and two material extruding screws a7 inserted into the discharging cylinder a6, and one end of each material extruding screw a7 extends into the material guiding cylinder a4 to be rotatably connected with the material guiding cylinder a4, wherein two material extruding screws a7 of the embodiment are positioned in the same horizontal plane, and the two material extruding screws a7 rotate simultaneously.
A discharging end of the discharging cylinder a6 is connected with a blanking hopper a8, the lower end of the blanking hopper a8 is communicated with the upper side of a feeding end of the discharging groove a2, a material shifting shaft a41 positioned above the material extruding screw a7 is connected to the guide cylinder a4, one end of the material shifting shaft a41 is extended to the lower side of the feeding hopper a5, the material shifting shaft a41 and the material extruding screw a7 are connected with the same power driving mechanism a9, and one end of the material shifting shaft a41 extended to the lower side of the feeding hopper a5 is connected with a material shifting sheet a 42.
The rotation of dialling tablet a42 can prevent the disconnected confession of bamboo fiber material, and the crowded material screw rod a7 that sets up can force the bamboo fiber material not by the extrusion lead to the impaired of bamboo fiber material to and can form once mixing to the bamboo fiber material, simultaneously, utilize the difference in height to get into the bamboo fiber material to blown down tank a2 in, can form the scattering to the bamboo fiber material, and form quantitative feed through spiral discharge mechanism a3 at last, whole structure can improve the feed efficiency of bamboo fiber material, and feed quality.
The mixing process is as follows:
adding a mixing aid such as polylactic acid and the like into a feed hopper b11, mixing the materials through a screw rod b14, forcing the mixed materials to enter a conveying channel b1, heating the conveying channel b1 to force the mixed materials to be heated, and adding bamboo fiber materials into a bamboo fiber feeding device a, namely adding the bamboo fiber materials (powder) into a feed hopper a 5;
starting the power driving mechanism a9, and enabling the bamboo fiber material to enter the material guide cylinder a 4;
with the rotation of the extruding screw a7, the bamboo fiber material is forced to enter the blanking hopper a8 from the discharging barrel a6, and finally the bamboo fiber material is forced to enter the final conveying channel b1 through the spiral discharging mechanism a3 arranged in the discharging groove a2 and is mixed with the mixed material, and the finally mixed material enters the next process.
The power driving mechanism a9 comprises a box body a91 fixed on the top of a supporting frame a1, one end of an extruding screw a7 extends into the box body a91 and the extruding screw a7 is rotatably connected with the box body a91, the other end of a material stirring shaft a41 extends into the box body a91 and the material stirring shaft a41 is rotatably connected with the box body a91, one end of an extruding screw a7 extending into the box body a91 is connected with the other end of the material stirring shaft a41 through a linkage structure, and any one extruding screw a7 is connected with the power driving motor a 92.
The material shifting piece a42 of this embodiment is Z-shaped, the material shifting shaft a41 rotates to drive the material shifting piece a42 to rotate synchronously, and any end of the material shifting piece a42 intermittently extends into the lower end of the feeding hopper a 5.
Secondly, the kick-out shaft a41 is located right above the center between the two extrusion screws a 7.
As shown in figure 12 of the drawings,
the die casting method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials, namely, weighing the raw materials including polylactic acid (PLA), bamboo fiber, talcum powder and an auxiliary agent according to a set amount for later use;
s2, feeding, namely feeding polylactic acid (PLA), talcum powder and an auxiliary agent into a main feeding device b, and feeding bamboo fibers into a bamboo fiber feeding device a, wherein the main feeding device b is arranged at the feeding end of a conveying channel b1, and the bamboo fiber feeding device a is arranged on the side part between the middle part and the discharging end of a conveying channel b 1;
80-90% of polylactic acid (PLA), 5-12% of talcum powder, 1-15% of bamboo fiber and 20% of auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises nucleating agent, antioxidant, hydrolytic agent, fiber floating agent, antibacterial agent and the like.
The composite material obtained by adopting the formula has the following properties:
s3, heating, wherein a feeding screw b2 penetrating through a conveying channel b1 is started, polylactic acid (PLA), talcum powder and an auxiliary agent are mixed through the feeding screw b2 at the moment, bamboo fiber is mixed with the mixed polylactic acid (PLA), talcum powder and auxiliary agent through a feeding screw b2, and a heating mechanism heats the conveying channel b1 and synchronously heats the raw materials in the mixing process of the raw materials;
the heating temperature was 165 ℃ and 175 ℃ and the rotational speed of the feed screw b2 was 150 rpm.
The conveying channel b1 contains 11 heating zones connected in series, and the heating mechanism is synchronously designed with 11 heating zones.
S4, extruding, feeding the heated mixed raw material into an extrusion die c, and extruding a continuous block material by the extrusion die c;
s5, cutting, namely cutting the continuous blocky materials according to a set length;
and S6, die casting, wherein the cut single block-shaped material is forced to enter a die-casting die d for die casting, namely the die-casting product is obtained by die casting.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The forming method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite material product is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing materials, namely weighing the raw materials including polylactic acid, bamboo fiber, talcum powder and auxiliary agent according to a set amount for later use;
s2, feeding, namely feeding polylactic acid, talcum powder and an auxiliary agent into a main feeding device (b), and feeding bamboo fibers into a bamboo fiber feeding device (a), wherein the main feeding device (b) is arranged at the feeding end of a conveying channel (b1), and the bamboo fiber feeding device (a) is arranged at the side part between the middle part and the discharging end of the conveying channel (b 1);
s3, heating, wherein a feeding screw (b2) penetrating through a conveying channel (b1) is started, polylactic acid, talcum powder and an auxiliary agent are mixed through the feeding screw (b2), bamboo fibers are mixed with the mixed polylactic acid, talcum powder and auxiliary agent through the feeding screw (b2), a heating mechanism heats the conveying channel (b1) and synchronously heats the raw materials in the mixing process of the raw materials, the heating temperature is 165-175 ℃, and the rotating speed of the feeding screw (b2) is 150 revolutions per minute;
s4, extruding, feeding the heated mixed raw materials into an extrusion die (c), and extruding continuous block materials by the extrusion die (c);
s5, cutting, namely cutting the continuous blocky materials according to a set length;
s6, die casting, wherein the cut single block-shaped material is forced to enter a die casting die (d) for die casting, namely the die casting product is obtained by die casting;
the bamboo fiber feeding device (a) comprises a supporting frame (a1), a horizontally arranged discharge chute (a2) is arranged on the supporting frame (a1), the discharge end of the discharge chute (a2) is connected to the side part between the middle part and the discharge end and is communicated with a conveying channel (b1), a spiral discharge mechanism (a3) is arranged in the discharge chute (a2), and a guide cylinder (a4) positioned above the discharge chute (a2) side, the upper end of the guide cylinder (a4) is open, the opening of the guide cylinder (a4) is connected with a feed hopper (a5), one side of the guide cylinder (a4) is connected with a horizontally arranged discharge cylinder (a6), and two extrusion screws (a7) inserted in the discharge cylinder (a6) and one ends of the extrusion screws (a7) extend into the guide cylinder (a4) to be rotatably connected with the guide cylinder (a4), and the two extrusion screws (a7) are positioned in the same horizontal plane and rotate in the same horizontal direction, a discharging end of a discharging barrel (a6) is connected with a blanking hopper (a8), the lower end of the blanking hopper (a8) is communicated with the upper side of a feeding end of a discharging groove (a2), a material stirring shaft (a41) positioned above an extruding screw (a7) is connected to a guide barrel (a4), one end of the material stirring shaft (a41) is extended to the lower side of the feeding hopper (a5), the material stirring shaft (a41) and the extruding screw (a7) are connected with the same power driving mechanism (a9), and one end of the material stirring shaft (a41) extended to the lower side of the feeding hopper (a5) is connected with a material stirring sheet (a 42);
an annular groove (b31) is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the conveying channel (b1) close to the discharge groove (a2), the annular groove (b31) is arranged behind the discharge port of the discharge groove (a2), a rotating ring (b3) is arranged in the annular groove (b31), the end surfaces of two ends of the rotating ring (b3) are connected with the groove walls of two sides of the annular groove (b31) in a rotating and sealing way, a first annular sealing ring (b32) is respectively arranged on the groove walls of two sides of the annular groove (b31), a sealing annular groove (b34) is arranged on one end surface of the first annular sealing ring (b32) far away from the groove bottom of the annular groove (b31), outer convex rings (b33) are respectively arranged on the two end surfaces of the rotating ring (b3), the outer convex rings (b33) are clamped in the sealing annular groove (b34), the width of the groove (b34) is smaller than the thickness of the outer convex rings (b33), and the outer convex rings (b33) are clamped in the sealing annular groove (466) to form a sealing ring (b34 b 38723) and the two outer convex rings (b34) are arranged between the groove of the sealing ring groove (b33) after the outer convex rings (b) are arranged in the sealing ring groove (b34) An annular sealing space (b37) to which butter is added;
a communicating hole (b35) communicated with the annular groove (b31) and a driving gear (b36) partially accommodated in the communicating hole are further formed in the conveying channel (b1), a plurality of external teeth which are uniformly distributed on the circumference are formed in the outer wall of the rotating ring (b3), the driving gear (b36) is meshed with the external teeth, the driving gear (b36) is fixed on the conveying channel (b1) through a U-shaped frame, and the driving gear (b36) is connected with a servo motor;
a plurality of helical blades (b38) are arranged on the inner wall of the rotating ring (b3) and the rotation direction of the helical blades is opposite to that of the helical blades of the feeding screw (b 2).
2. The method for molding a bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite product according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the raw materials are as follows in parts by weight: 80-90% of polylactic acid, 5-12% of talcum powder, 1-15% of bamboo fiber and 20% of auxiliary agent.
3. The method for molding the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite product according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary agents comprise nucleating agents, antioxidants, hydrolytic agents, fiber floating agents and antibacterial agents.
4. The molding method of bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite product according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the main feeding device (b) comprises a feeding hopper (b11) disposed at an upper side of a feeding end of the conveying channel (b1) and connected by a plurality of pillars (b10), a lower end of the feeding hopper (b11) is closed, an upper end of the feeding hopper (b11) is open, a discharging pipe (b12) is connected to a lower side of the feeding hopper (b11), and a vertical hopper (b13) connected to a discharging end of the discharging pipe (b12), a lower end of the vertical hopper (b13) is communicated with the conveying channel (b1), a screw (b14) is inserted into the feeding hopper (b11) and a screw (b14) extends into the discharging pipe (b12), and the screw (b14) is connected to a feeding motor (b 15).
5. The forming method of the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite product according to claim 1, wherein the stirring sheet (a42) is Z-shaped, the stirring shaft (a41) rotates to drive the stirring sheet (a42) to rotate synchronously, and any end of the stirring sheet (a42) intermittently extends into the lower end of the feeding hopper (a 5).
6. The method for molding the bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite product according to claim 1, wherein the supporting frame (a1) comprises a base (a10), a first horizontal plate (a11) connected to the top of the base (a10), a second horizontal plate (a13) connected to the first horizontal plate (a11) through four connecting pillars (a12), a third horizontal plate (a15) connected to the second horizontal plate (a13) through four connecting pillars (a14), the discharge chute (a2) and the spiral discharge mechanism (a3) fixed to the upper surface of the second horizontal plate (a13), and the guide cylinder (a4) and the power driving mechanism (a9) fixed to the upper surface of the third horizontal plate (a 15).
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S5, the extrusion die (c) comprises a cylindrical die body (c1) having an extrusion channel (c10), one end of the extrusion channel (c10) is a feeding end, the other end of the extrusion channel (c10) is a discharging end, and the feeding end of the extrusion channel (c10) is provided with a circular chamfer (c 11).
8. The method for molding a bio-based filler-modified polylactic acid composite product according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the cutting is performed by using a cutting device (e) comprising a receiving plate (e1), one end of the receiving plate (e1) faces the die-casting mold (d), the other end is connected to the extrusion mold (c), a moving plate (e2) is connected to one end of the receiving plate (e1) near the die-casting mold (d) and is in the same horizontal plane as the receiving plate (e1), the moving plate (e2) is connected to a translational driving device (e3), the moving plate (e2) and the receiving plate (e1) are joined together to be in a conveying state, the moving plate (e2) and the receiving plate (e1) are separated to be in a cutting state, and the translational disc cutter (e4) is in a translational driving state, the translational disc cutter (e4) is under the translational driving device (e 3552) and the receiving plate (e1) are separated to be in a space between the moving plate (e2) and the receiving plate (e1), and the translational driving device (e) is further comprised of the translational driving device (e4) Passes between the moving plate (e2) and the receiving plate (e 1).
9. The molding method of bio-based filler modified polylactic acid composite product according to claim 8, wherein said translational driving device (e3) comprises two horizontal guide rails fixed on the top of the bottom frame (e6), two sliding blocks slidably connected with the horizontal guide rails are arranged on the lower surface of the moving plate (e2), and an air cylinder (e30) connected with the lower surface of the moving plate (e2) is arranged on the top of the bottom frame (e 6);
the translation driving mechanism comprises an L-shaped bracket (e70) fixed at the top of the bottom frame (e6), one end of the L-shaped bracket (e70) is fixedly connected with the top of the bottom frame (e6) through a bolt, the other end of the L-shaped bracket (e70) spans over a gap formed when the moving plate (e2) and the bearing plate (e1) are separated, the other end of the L-shaped bracket (e70) is provided with a horizontal screw (e71) which is horizontally arranged, and a threaded sleeve (e72) sleeved on the horizontal screw rod (e71), a horizontal guide structure is arranged between the threaded sleeve (e72) and the other end of the L-shaped bracket (e70), the translation circular cutter (e4) is fixed on the threaded sleeve (e72) through a rotating shaft, and a blade driving motor (e73) is arranged at the other end of the L-shaped bracket (e70), the blade driving motor (e73) is connected with the rotating shaft through a belt transmission structure, and the horizontal screw (e71) is connected with the servo motor (e 74).
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