CN111632767A - Mineral flotation method and system - Google Patents
Mineral flotation method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111632767A CN111632767A CN202010367199.7A CN202010367199A CN111632767A CN 111632767 A CN111632767 A CN 111632767A CN 202010367199 A CN202010367199 A CN 202010367199A CN 111632767 A CN111632767 A CN 111632767A
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- flotation
- concentration
- roughing
- foam
- tailings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of metallurgical mineral separation and provides a mineral flotation method and a mineral flotation system. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out primary roughing operation on the raw ore pulp to obtain primary roughing foam and primary roughing tailings; performing a second roughing operation on the first roughing tailings to obtain second roughing foams and second roughing tailings; the foam of the rough concentration is fed into the front-stage concentration operation of the first concentration operation for separation, and front-stage concentration foam and front-stage concentration tailings are obtained in the front-stage concentration operation; mixing the front-stage concentration tailings and the rough concentration second foam, and feeding the mixture into a rear-stage concentration operation of a concentration first operation for separation to obtain rear-stage concentration foam and rear-stage concentration tailings; mixing the front-stage selection foam and the rear-stage selection foam, and carrying out selection twice at least once. The system comprises a first roughing flotation unit, a second roughing flotation unit, a first concentrating flotation unit and a second concentrating flotation unit. The invention reduces the circulation load and improves the flotation recovery rate by adopting a concentration mode of combining component and quality separation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical mineral separation, in particular to a mineral flotation method and a mineral flotation system.
Background
In mineral separation, the flotation method is the most widely applied mineral separation method, and the flotation method is adopted in the world to obtain ore accounting for more than 60-70% of the total selected amount. In the flotation process, a driving belt of the flotation machine drives an impeller to rotate so as to suck air by utilizing negative pressure formed by centrifugal action or press air by adopting an air compressor, so that the air, ore pulp and flotation reagents are fully mixed, minerals adhered to bubbles float to the surface of the ore pulp to form flotation foam, and the flotation foam is finally scraped out by a scraper or by self-overflow.
At present, some concentration plants with high content of floating useful minerals and high yield, such as pyrite plant, bauxite plant and ilmenite plant, generally carry out two times of rough concentration and then carry out concentration in the flotation process, and the concentration modes are generally two. In the first mode, two times of concentration are independently operated, as shown in figure 1, after the raw ore pulp is roughly selected by a first rough concentration flotation unit 1, tailings generated by separation enter a second rough concentration flotation unit 2 for rough concentration. The foams separated by the first roughing flotation unit 1 and the second roughing flotation unit 2 enter two independent fine flotation units 3 for separation respectively. And combining the fine selection operation, as shown in fig. 2, after the raw ore pulp is subjected to rough selection by the first rough selection flotation unit 1, tailings generated by separation enter the second rough selection flotation unit 2 for rough selection. The foam produced by the first roughing flotation unit 1 and the second roughing flotation unit 2 enters the concentration flotation unit 3 together for concentration.
For the first mode, because the two fine selection operations are mutually independent, the corresponding equipment pipelines are also mutually independent, so that the equipment pipelines are complicated, the occupied area is large, the operation is complicated, and the labor intensity of workers is obviously increased. In the second mode, because the total amount of the froth produced by the first rougher flotation unit 1 and the second rougher flotation unit 2 is large, the froth entering the second cleaner flotation unit 3 together is very likely to cause too large pressure, poor selectivity and low separation efficiency in the flotation machine operation in the early stage of the second cleaner flotation unit 3, thereby reducing the recovery efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art or the related art. Therefore, the invention provides the mineral flotation method which is convenient to operate, small in circulating load, good in selectivity and high in flotation recovery rate.
The invention also provides a mineral flotation system.
A method of mineral flotation according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of:
carrying out primary roughing operation on the raw ore pulp to obtain primary roughing foam and primary roughing tailings;
performing a second roughing operation on the first roughing tailings to obtain second roughing foams and second roughing tailings;
carrying out a first selection operation on the rough selection foam, wherein the first selection operation comprises a front selection operation and a rear selection operation; obtaining front-stage concentration foam and front-stage concentration tailings in the front-stage concentration operation;
mixing the front-stage concentration tailings and the secondary rough concentration foam and carrying out the rear-stage concentration operation to obtain rear-stage concentration foam and rear-stage concentration tailings;
and mixing the front-section selection foam and the rear-section selection foam, and performing at least one selection operation until the final selection foam with a preset grade is obtained.
The mineral flotation method provided by the embodiment of the invention is convenient to operate and simple in process, and the cyclic load is reduced and the flotation recovery rate is improved by adopting a concentration mode combining component and quality classification.
In addition, the mineral flotation method provided by the embodiment of the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
according to one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the following steps:
performing scavenging operation on the second rough tailings for multiple times;
returning scavenging foam generated by the first scavenging operation to the second roughing operation;
and in the two adjacent times of scavenging operation, returning scavenging foam generated by the next scavenging operation in the previous scavenging operation.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the following steps: and returning the rear-section fine concentration tailings to the rough concentration operation.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the case that the refining operation is performed a plurality of times, the method further comprises the steps of:
returning tailings separated in the second selection operation for the first time to the front selection operation; in two adjacent selection operations, returning tailings produced by separation in the next selection operation to the previous selection operation.
A mineral flotation system according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention comprises a rougher flotation unit, a cleaner flotation unit and at least one cleaner flotation unit; the first concentration flotation unit comprises a front-section concentration flotation machine and a rear-section concentration flotation machine, and a tailing outlet of the front-section concentration flotation machine is communicated with a pulp inlet of the rear-section concentration flotation machine through a second intermediate box; the slurry inlet of the first roughing flotation unit is communicated with the feed box, the tailing outlet of the first roughing flotation unit is communicated with the slurry inlet of the second roughing flotation unit through a first intermediate box, the foam outlet of the first roughing flotation unit is communicated with the slurry inlet of the front-stage concentration flotation unit, and the foam outlet of the second roughing flotation unit is communicated with the second intermediate box; and the foam outlet of the front-section concentration flotation machine and the foam outlet of the rear-section concentration flotation machine are both communicated with the slurry inlet of the concentration second flotation unit.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the rougher flotation unit comprises a plurality of first flotation machines arranged in sequence, the slurry inlet of the first flotation machine positioned at the most upstream is communicated with the feed box, the tailings outlet of the first flotation machine positioned at the most upstream of two adjacent first flotation machines is communicated with the slurry inlet of the first flotation machine positioned at the downstream, the tailings outlet of the first flotation machine positioned at the most downstream is communicated with the first intermediate box, and the froth outlets of all the first flotation machines are communicated with the slurry inlet of the front-stage cleaner flotation machine.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the rougher flotation unit comprises a plurality of second flotation machines arranged in sequence, the slurry inlet of the second flotation machine positioned at the most upstream is communicated with the first intermediate tank, the tailings outlet of the second flotation machine positioned at the upstream in two adjacent second flotation machines is communicated with the slurry inlet of the second flotation machine positioned at the downstream, and the froth outlets of all the second flotation machines are communicated with the second intermediate tank.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the front-stage concentration flotation machine and the rear-stage concentration flotation machine are respectively provided in a plurality, the front-stage concentration flotation machines are arranged in sequence, and in two adjacent front-stage concentration flotation machines, the tailing outlet of the front-stage concentration flotation machine positioned at the upstream is communicated with the slurry inlet of the front-stage concentration flotation machine positioned at the downstream; the rear-section concentration flotation machines are sequentially arranged, and in two adjacent rear-section concentration flotation machines, a tailing outlet of the rear-section concentration flotation machine positioned at the upstream is communicated with a pulp inlet of the rear-section concentration flotation machine positioned at the downstream; the slurry inlet of the rear-stage concentration flotation machine positioned at the most upstream is communicated with the tailing outlet of the front-stage concentration flotation machine positioned at the most downstream through a second intermediate box, and the tailing outlet of the rear-stage concentration flotation machine positioned at the most downstream is communicated with the slurry inlet of the roughing flotation unit; and the foam outlets of the front-section concentration flotation machine and the rear-section concentration flotation machine are communicated with the slurry inlet of the concentration second flotation unit.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises a plurality of scavenging flotation machines arranged in sequence, wherein a slurry inlet of the scavenging flotation machine positioned at the most upstream is communicated with a tailing outlet of the roughing second flotation unit, and a foam outlet of the scavenging flotation machine positioned at the most upstream is communicated with a slurry inlet of the roughing second flotation unit; in two adjacent scavenging flotation machines, the tailing outlet of the upstream scavenging flotation machine is communicated with the pulp inlet of the downstream scavenging flotation machine, and the froth outlet of the downstream scavenging flotation machine is communicated with the pulp inlet of the upstream scavenging flotation machine.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the number of the concentration two flotation units is multiple, the concentration two flotation units are arranged in sequence, and a tailing outlet of the concentration two flotation unit positioned at the most upstream is communicated with a slurry inlet of the front-stage concentration flotation unit; in two adjacent concentration two flotation units, a foam outlet of the upstream concentration two flotation unit is communicated with a slurry inlet of the downstream concentration two flotation unit, and a tailings outlet of the downstream concentration two flotation unit is communicated with a slurry inlet of the upstream concentration two flotation unit.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:
according to the mineral flotation method, the first-stage concentration operation and the second-stage concentration operation are respectively carried out on the first-stage roughing foam and the second-stage roughing foam, component concentration is achieved, the pressure of the first-stage concentration operation is obviously reduced, the selectivity and the separation efficiency of the first-stage concentration operation are improved, and therefore the cyclic load between the roughing operation and the concentration operation is reduced. In addition, when the flotation method of the minerals is used for carrying out the back-stage concentration operation, the two rough concentration foams with lower grade are mixed into the front-stage concentration tailings with lower grade to realize the quality-based concentration, so that the problems of poor selectivity and influence on the floating of the specified minerals in the front-stage concentration operation, which are caused by the mixing of the two rough concentration foams with lower grade into the one rough concentration foams with higher grade, are solved, and the flotation recovery rate is further improved. Therefore, the mineral flotation method is convenient to operate and simple in process, and the cyclic load is reduced and the flotation recovery rate is improved by adopting a concentration mode combining component and quality classification.
In the mineral flotation system, the foam outlet of the first roughing flotation unit is communicated with the pulp inlet of the front-stage roughing flotation machine, and the foam outlet of the second roughing flotation unit is communicated with the pulp inlet of the rear-end flotation machine, so that the first roughing foam and the second roughing foam can be respectively subjected to concentration operation, component concentration is realized, the operation pressure of the front-stage concentrating flotation machine is obviously reduced, and the selectivity and the separation efficiency of the front-stage concentrating flotation machine are improved. In addition, in the mineral flotation system, the tailing outlet of the front-stage concentration flotation machine and the foam outlet of the secondary roughing flotation unit are respectively communicated with the pulp inlet of the rear-stage concentration flotation machine, so that the secondary roughing foam with lower grade can be mixed into the front-stage concentration tailing with lower grade, the quality classification concentration is realized, the problems that the selectivity of the front-stage concentration flotation machine is poor and the upward floating of specified minerals is influenced due to the fact that the secondary roughing foam with lower grade is mixed into the primary roughing foam with higher grade are avoided, and the flotation recovery rate is improved. Therefore, the mineral flotation system has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small occupied area and convenience in operation, reduces the cyclic load and improves the flotation recovery rate.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art mineral flotation system;
figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art mineral flotation system;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a method of mineral flotation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a mineral flotation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rougher flotation unit, a rougher flotation unit and a scavenger flotation unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a flotation cell configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. roughly selecting a flotation unit; 1.1, a first flotation machine; 2. a second flotation unit is roughly selected;
2.1, a second flotation machine; 3. selecting a flotation unit; 4. a first intermediate tank;
5. selecting a flotation unit; 5.1, selecting a flotation machine in the front section; 5.2, a second intermediate box;
5.3, a back-end fine selection flotation machine; 6. selecting a second flotation unit; 7. a scavenging flotation machine.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a mineral flotation method, which includes the following steps:
carrying out primary roughing operation on the raw ore pulp to obtain primary roughing foam and primary roughing tailings;
performing a second roughing operation on the first roughing tailings to obtain second roughing foams and second roughing tailings;
carrying out a first selection operation on the rough selection foam, wherein the first selection operation comprises a front selection operation and a rear selection operation; obtaining front-stage concentration foam and front-stage concentration tailings in the front-stage concentration operation;
mixing the front-stage selected tailings and the rough-selection second foam and carrying out rear-stage selection operation to obtain rear-stage selected foam and rear-stage selected tailings;
and mixing the front-stage selection foam and the rear-stage selection foam, and performing at least one selection operation until the final selection foam with the preset grade is obtained.
According to the method, the rough concentration first foam and the rough concentration second foam are subjected to front-stage fine concentration operation and rear-stage fine concentration operation respectively, component fine concentration is achieved, the pressure of the front-stage fine concentration operation is reduced remarkably, the selectivity and the separation efficiency of the front-stage fine concentration operation are improved, and therefore the cyclic load between the rough concentration operation and the fine concentration operation is reduced. In addition, when the method is used for carrying out the back-stage concentration operation, the two-stage rough concentration foam with lower grade is mixed into the front-stage concentration tailings with lower grade to realize the quality-classified concentration, so that the problems of poor selectivity and influence on the floating of the specified mineral caused by the mixing of the two-stage rough concentration foam with lower grade into the one-stage rough concentration foam with higher grade in the front-stage concentration operation are solved, and the flotation recovery rate is further improved. Therefore, the method is convenient to operate and simple in process, and the cyclic load is reduced and the flotation recovery rate is improved by adopting a concentration mode combining component and quality classification. Experiments prove that the method can reduce the circulation load by 10-25% and improve the flotation recovery rate by 3-5%.
In order to further reduce the grade of the second rough tailings and improve the flotation recovery rate, the method further comprises the following steps: carrying out scavenging operation on the second rough tailings for multiple times; returning scavenging foam generated by the first scavenging operation to the second roughing operation, namely, the scavenging foam generated by the first scavenging operation and the first roughing tailings are used as raw materials of the second roughing operation; and in two adjacent scavenging operations, returning scavenging foam generated by the next scavenging operation to the previous scavenging operation.
Taking three scavenging operations as an example for explanation, after the second rough tailings are subjected to the first scavenging operation, scavenging foam generated by separation returns to the second rough tailings, and the scavenged tailings generated by separation in the first scavenging operation enter the second scavenging operation; and the scavenging foam generated by the second scavenging operation returns to the first scavenging operation, meanwhile, the scavenging tailings generated by the second scavenging operation enter a third scavenging operation, and the scavenging foam generated by the third scavenging operation returns to the second scavenging operation.
Similarly, in order to further reduce the grade of the tailing of the later-stage concentration and improve the flotation recovery rate, the method also comprises the following steps: and returning the tailing of the back-stage concentration to the rough concentration operation, namely, the tailing of the back-stage concentration, which is generated by the separation of the tailing of the back-stage concentration operation, is used as a raw material of the rough concentration operation together with the raw ore pulp.
Similarly, in order to further reduce the grade of the tailings generated in the second concentration operation and improve the flotation recovery rate, the second concentration operation may be performed for multiple times, for example, 3 to 5 times. In the case of a plurality of passes of the second picking operation, the method further comprises the steps of: returning the tailings separated by the first concentration two-operation to the previous-stage concentration operation, namely, the tailings separated by the first concentration two-operation and the roughing foam separated by the roughing operation are used as raw materials of the previous-stage concentration operation; in two adjacent concentration operations, tailings produced by separation in the last two concentration operations are returned to the previous two concentration operations.
Taking the third selection operation as an example for explanation, the foam produced by the first selection operation of the front selection foam and the foam produced by the second selection operation of the rear selection foam enter the second selection operation, and the tailings produced by the first selection operation of the second selection operation return to the front selection operation; and the foam generated by the second selection operation enters a third selection operation, the tailings generated by the second selection operation are returned to the first selection operation, the foam generated by the third selection operation is the final selection foam, and the tailings generated by the third selection operation are returned to the second selection operation.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a mineral flotation system, which includes a rougher flotation unit 1, a rougher flotation unit 2, a cleaner flotation unit 5, and at least one cleaner flotation unit 6; the first concentration flotation unit 5 comprises a front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 and a rear-stage concentration flotation machine 5.3, and a tailing outlet of the front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 is communicated with a pulp inlet of the rear-stage concentration flotation machine 5.3 through a second intermediate box 5.2; the pulp inlet of the first roughing flotation unit 1 is communicated with the feed box, the tailing outlet of the first roughing flotation unit 1 is communicated with the pulp inlet of the second roughing flotation unit 2 through a first intermediate box 4, the foam outlet of the first roughing flotation unit 1 is communicated with the pulp inlet of a front-stage fine flotation machine 5.1, and the foam outlet of the second roughing flotation unit 2 is communicated with a second intermediate box 5.2; the foam outlet of the front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 and the foam outlet of the rear-stage concentration flotation machine 5.3 are both communicated with the pulp inlet of the concentration secondary flotation unit 6.
During operation, raw ore pulp is loaded into the feeding box, the raw ore pulp in the feeding box enters the first rough flotation unit 1 through a pulp inlet of the first rough flotation unit 1, rough first tailings produced by separation of the first rough flotation unit 1 enter the second rough flotation unit 2 through the first intermediate box 4, and rough first foams produced by separation of the first rough flotation unit 1 enter the front-section fine flotation machine 5.1 through a foam outlet of the rough first flotation unit. The front-section selected tailings generated by sorting the first-section roughing froth after being sorted by the front-section selected flotation machine 5.1 enter the rear-section selected flotation machine 5.3 through the second intermediate box 5.2, and meanwhile, the second-section roughing froth generated by sorting the first-section roughing tailings after being sorted by the second roughing flotation machine 2 also enters the secondary rear-section selected flotation machine 5.3 through the second intermediate box 5.2. Front-stage concentration foam generated by the separation of the front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 and rear-stage concentration foam generated by the separation of the rear-stage concentration flotation machine 5.3 enter the subsequent concentration flotation unit 3 for separation.
As can be seen from the above, the system can respectively carry out concentration operation on the first roughing foam and the second roughing foam by communicating the foam outlet of the first roughing flotation unit 1 with the slurry inlet of the front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 and communicating the foam outlet of the second roughing flotation unit 2 with the slurry inlet of the rear-stage concentration flotation machine 5.3, so that component concentration is realized, the operation pressure of the front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 is obviously reduced, and the selectivity and the separation efficiency of the front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 are further improved. In addition, the system is communicated with the slurry inlet of the back-stage concentration flotation machine 5.3 through the tailing outlet of the front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 and the foam outlet of the roughing secondary flotation unit 2 respectively, so that roughing secondary foams with lower grade can be mixed into the front-stage concentration tailings with lower grade, the quality classification concentration is realized, the problems that the roughing secondary foams with lower grade are mixed into roughing primary foams with higher grade to cause poor selectivity of the front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 and influence the upward floating of specified minerals are avoided, and the flotation recovery rate is improved. Therefore, the system has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small occupied area and convenience in operation, reduces the cyclic load and improves the flotation recovery rate.
As shown in fig. 5, the rougher flotation unit 1 includes a plurality of first flotation machines 1.1 arranged in sequence, the slurry inlet of the first flotation machine 1.1 positioned at the most upstream is communicated with the feed box, the tailings outlet of the first flotation machine 1.1 positioned at the most upstream of two adjacent first flotation machines 1.1 is communicated with the slurry inlet of the first flotation machine 1.1 positioned at the downstream, the tailings outlet of the first flotation machine 1.1 positioned at the most downstream is communicated with the first intermediate box 4, and the froth outlets of all the first flotation machines 1.1 are communicated with the slurry inlet of the front cleaner flotation machine 5.1.
As shown in fig. 5, the rougher flotation unit 2 includes a plurality of second flotation machines 2.1 arranged in sequence, the slurry inlet of the second flotation machine 2.1 located at the most upstream is communicated with the first intermediate tank 4, the tailings outlet of the second flotation machine 2.1 located at the upstream of two adjacent second flotation machines 2.1 is communicated with the slurry inlet of the second flotation machine 2.1 located at the downstream, and the froth outlets of all the second flotation machines 2.1 are communicated with the second intermediate tank 5.2.
As shown in fig. 6, the number of the front-stage concentration flotation machines 5.1 and the number of the rear-stage concentration flotation machines 5.3 are multiple, the multiple front-stage concentration flotation machines 5.1 are arranged in sequence, and in two adjacent front-stage concentration flotation machines 5.1, the tailings outlet of the front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 positioned at the upstream is communicated with the pulp inlet of the front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 positioned at the downstream; a plurality of rear-section concentration flotation machines 5.3 are sequentially arranged, in two adjacent rear-section concentration flotation machines 5.3, the tailing outlet of the upstream rear-section concentration flotation machine 5.3 is communicated with the pulp inlet of the downstream rear-section concentration flotation machine 5.3, the pulp inlet of the most upstream rear-section concentration flotation machine 5.3 is communicated with the tailing outlet of the most downstream front-section concentration flotation machine 5.1 through a second intermediate box 5.2, and the tailing outlet of the most downstream rear-section concentration flotation machine 5.3 is communicated with the pulp inlet of the roughing flotation unit 1; the foam outlets of the front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 and the rear-stage concentration flotation machine 5.3 are communicated with the slurry inlet of the concentration second flotation unit 6.
As can be seen from the above, by communicating the tailings outlet of the downstream-most back-end concentration flotation machine 5.3 with the pulp inlet of the rougher flotation unit 1, the back-end concentration tailings produced by the downstream-most back-end concentration flotation machine 5.3 through separation enter the rougher flotation unit 1 again through the pulp inlet of the rougher flotation unit 1, so as to float the designated minerals remaining in the back-end concentration tailings. Therefore, the grade of the tailing of the back-stage concentration can be reduced, and the flotation recovery rate of the whole system can be improved.
Furthermore, the system also comprises a plurality of scavenging flotation machines 7 which are arranged in sequence, wherein the pulp inlet of the scavenging flotation machine 7 positioned at the most upstream is communicated with the tailing outlet of the roughing second flotation unit 2, and the foam outlet of the scavenging flotation machine 7 positioned at the most upstream is communicated with the pulp inlet of the roughing second flotation unit; in two adjacent scavenging flotation machines 7, the tailings outlet of the upstream scavenging flotation machine 7 is communicated with the pulp inlet of the downstream scavenging flotation machine 7, and the foam outlet of the downstream scavenging flotation machine 7 is communicated with the pulp inlet of the upstream scavenging flotation machine 7.
As can be seen from the above, the rougher flotation second tailings produced by the rougher flotation second unit 2 directly enter the most upstream scavenging flotation unit 7, the scavenging foam produced by the rougher flotation second unit 7 is returned to the rougher flotation second unit 2 through the slurry inlet of the rougher flotation second unit 2, the scavenged tailings produced by the most upstream scavenging flotation unit 7 are separated by the scavenging flotation unit 7 downstream thereof, the scavenged foam produced by this separation is returned to the most upstream scavenging flotation unit 7, and meanwhile, the scavenged tailings produced by this separation directly enter the more downstream scavenging flotation units 7, and so on until all the scavenged flotation units 7 complete the operation. Therefore, the grade of the second rough tailings can be reduced, and the flotation recovery rate of the whole system can be improved.
In addition, the number of the second concentration flotation units 6 can be multiple, for example, 3-5, the multiple second concentration flotation units 6 are sequentially arranged, and a tailing outlet of the most upstream second concentration flotation unit 6 is communicated with a pulp inlet of the front-stage concentration flotation machine 5.1 group; in two adjacent concentration two-flotation units 6, the foam outlet of the concentration two-flotation unit 6 positioned at the upstream is communicated with the pulp inlet of the concentration two-flotation unit 6 positioned at the downstream, and the tailings outlet of the concentration two-flotation unit 6 positioned at the downstream is communicated with the pulp inlet of the concentration two-flotation unit 6 positioned at the upstream.
As can be seen from the above, the tailings produced by the sorting of the uppermost second flotation unit 6 enter the former-stage second flotation unit 5.1 again through the slurry inlet of the former-stage second flotation unit 5.1, the froth produced by the sorting of the uppermost second flotation unit 6 directly enters the downstream second flotation unit 6 for sorting, the tailings produced by the sorting returns to the uppermost second flotation unit 6, and meanwhile, the froth produced by the sorting directly enters the further downstream second flotation unit 6, and so on until all the second flotation units 6 complete the operation. Therefore, the residual specified minerals in the tailings generated by the second concentration flotation unit 6 can be floated, and the flotation recovery rate of the whole system is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the invention, but not to limit it; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of mineral flotation, comprising the steps of:
carrying out primary roughing operation on the raw ore pulp to obtain primary roughing foam and primary roughing tailings;
performing a second roughing operation on the first roughing tailings to obtain second roughing foams and second roughing tailings;
carrying out a first selection operation on the rough selection foam, wherein the first selection operation comprises a front selection operation and a rear selection operation; obtaining front-stage concentration foam and front-stage concentration tailings in the front-stage concentration operation;
mixing the front-stage concentration tailings and the secondary rough concentration foam and carrying out the rear-stage concentration operation to obtain rear-stage concentration foam and rear-stage concentration tailings;
and mixing the front-section selection foam and the rear-section selection foam, and performing at least one selection operation until the final selection foam with a preset grade is obtained.
2. The mineral flotation method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
performing scavenging operation on the second rough tailings for multiple times;
returning scavenging foam generated by the first scavenging operation to the second roughing operation;
and in the two adjacent times of scavenging operation, returning scavenging foam generated by the next scavenging operation in the previous scavenging operation.
3. The mineral flotation method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: and returning the rear-section fine concentration tailings to the rough concentration operation.
4. A mineral flotation process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, in the case where the concentration two operation is performed a plurality of times, further comprising the steps of:
returning tailings separated in the second selection operation for the first time to the front selection operation;
in two adjacent selection operations, returning tailings produced by separation in the next selection operation to the previous selection operation.
5. A mineral flotation system is characterized by comprising a first roughing flotation unit, a second roughing flotation unit, a first concentrating flotation unit and at least one second concentrating flotation unit;
the first concentration flotation unit comprises a front-section concentration flotation machine and a rear-section concentration flotation machine, and a tailing outlet of the front-section concentration flotation machine is communicated with a pulp inlet of the rear-section concentration flotation machine through a second intermediate box; the slurry inlet of the first roughing flotation unit is communicated with the feed box, the tailing outlet of the first roughing flotation unit is communicated with the slurry inlet of the second roughing flotation unit through a first intermediate box, the foam outlet of the first roughing flotation unit is communicated with the slurry inlet of the front-stage concentration flotation unit, and the foam outlet of the second roughing flotation unit is communicated with the second intermediate box; and the foam outlet of the front-section concentration flotation machine and the foam outlet of the rear-section concentration flotation machine are both communicated with the slurry inlet of the concentration second flotation unit.
6. The mineral flotation system of claim 5, wherein the rougher flotation unit comprises a plurality of first flotation machines arranged in series, the slurry inlet of the first flotation machine positioned at the most upstream is communicated with the feed box, the tailings outlet of the first flotation machine positioned at the most upstream of two adjacent first flotation machines is communicated with the slurry inlet of the first flotation machine positioned at the downstream, the tailings outlet of the first flotation machine positioned at the most downstream is communicated with the first intermediate box, and the froth outlets of all the first flotation machines are communicated with the slurry inlet of the front-stage cleaner flotation machine.
7. The mineral flotation system of claim 5, wherein the rougher flotation cell includes a plurality of second flotation machines arranged in series, the slurry inlet of the second flotation machine positioned most upstream is in communication with the first intermediate tank, the tailings outlet of the second flotation machine positioned upstream in two adjacent second flotation machines is in communication with the slurry inlet of the second flotation machine positioned downstream, and the froth outlets of all the second flotation machines are in communication with the second intermediate tank.
8. The mineral flotation system of claim 5, wherein the number of the front concentrating flotation machines and the number of the rear concentrating flotation machines are both multiple, the multiple front concentrating flotation machines are arranged in sequence, and in two adjacent front concentrating flotation machines, the tailings outlet of the front concentrating flotation machine located at the upstream is communicated with the pulp inlet of the front concentrating flotation machine located at the downstream; the rear-section concentration flotation machines are sequentially arranged, and in two adjacent rear-section concentration flotation machines, a tailing outlet of the rear-section concentration flotation machine positioned at the upstream is communicated with a pulp inlet of the rear-section concentration flotation machine positioned at the downstream; the slurry inlet of the rear-stage concentration flotation machine positioned at the most upstream is communicated with the tailing outlet of the front-stage concentration flotation machine positioned at the most downstream through a second intermediate box, and the tailing outlet of the rear-stage concentration flotation machine positioned at the most downstream is communicated with the slurry inlet of the roughing flotation unit; and the foam outlets of the front-section concentration flotation machine and the rear-section concentration flotation machine are communicated with the slurry inlet of the concentration second flotation unit.
9. The mineral flotation system of claim 5, further comprising a plurality of scavenger flotation machines arranged in series, the slurry inlet of the scavenger flotation machine located most upstream being in communication with the tailings outlet of the rougher flotation unit, and the froth outlet of the scavenger flotation machine located most upstream being in communication with the slurry inlet of the rougher flotation unit; in two adjacent scavenging flotation machines, the tailing outlet of the upstream scavenging flotation machine is communicated with the pulp inlet of the downstream scavenging flotation machine, and the froth outlet of the downstream scavenging flotation machine is communicated with the pulp inlet of the upstream scavenging flotation machine.
10. The mineral flotation system according to claim 5, wherein the concentration two flotation unit is provided in plurality, the concentration two flotation units are arranged in sequence, and a tailing outlet of the concentration two flotation unit positioned at the most upstream is communicated with a slurry inlet of the front-stage concentration flotation unit; in two adjacent concentration two flotation units, a foam outlet of the upstream concentration two flotation unit is communicated with a slurry inlet of the downstream concentration two flotation unit, and a tailings outlet of the downstream concentration two flotation unit is communicated with a slurry inlet of the upstream concentration two flotation unit.
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Application publication date: 20200908 |