CN111632743A - Coal ash hollow microsphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device and method - Google Patents
Coal ash hollow microsphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111632743A CN111632743A CN202010524780.5A CN202010524780A CN111632743A CN 111632743 A CN111632743 A CN 111632743A CN 202010524780 A CN202010524780 A CN 202010524780A CN 111632743 A CN111632743 A CN 111632743A
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- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
- B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
- B03B5/36—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force
- B03B5/38—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force of conical receptacle type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
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- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a coal ash hollow microsphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device and a method, which comprises an overflow barrel, an overflow discharge pump, an overflow port, a water flow distributor, a water inlet, a first top water port, a second top water port, a first electromagnetic disc valve, a first throttle valve, a second throttle valve, a high-level water tank, a sorting bed body, a first inner member, a second inner member, a vertical cylinder, an inverted cone-shaped sleeve, a feeding port, a feeding pump, a feeding stirring barrel, a discharging port, a second electromagnetic disc valve, a pulsating electromagnetic butterfly valve, a bottom flow discharge pump and a bottom flow barrel; the combined action of a pulsating electromagnetic butterfly valve and an underflow discharge pump promotes the interior of a separation bed body to form a pulsating water flow from top to bottom, the coal ash raw stock forms separation according to density under the action of the pulsating water flow, and the separated product enters an overflow barrel or an underflow barrel through the discharge pump so as to complete the separation and recovery work of hollow microbeads in the coal ash. The device is simple, is convenient to operate, and can be used for continuous separation and recovery operation of the fly ash cenospheres.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of resource processing and utilization of waste fly ash of a power plant, in particular to a device and a method for sorting and recycling fly ash hollow microspheres in a pulsating liquid-solid fluidization manner.
Background
The fly ash is industrial ash discharged by a coal-fired power plant, not only occupies a large amount of land resources for stacking, but also causes serious environmental pollution, so that the development of comprehensive resource utilization of the fly ash is of great significance. The fly ash hollow microsphere is a novel multifunctional granular material extracted from fly ash, has the excellent performances of light weight, small particle size, strong wear resistance, high compressive strength, good dispersibility and fluidity, light reflection, no toxicity and the like, can replace the artificial hollow microsphere with higher manufacturing cost to be applied to the fields of building materials, rubber, plastics, aerospace, electronics and the like, has the advantages of rich raw materials, waste recycling and low price, and is one of the main ways of recycling the fly ash. However, although more methods are used for sorting the fly ash cenospheres at present, most sorting processes are complicated, the equipment structure is complicated, the sorting recovery rate and the grade of the cenospheres are low, and the recycling utilization efficiency of the fly ash is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a device and a method for separating and recovering hollow fly ash microbeads in pulsating liquid-solid fluidization, which are simple in device and convenient to operate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:
a coal ash hollow microbead pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device comprises a sorting bed body, wherein the sorting bed body comprises a vertical cylinder and an inverted cone-shaped sleeve from top to bottom, the bottom of the vertical cylinder is communicated with the top of the inverted cone-shaped sleeve, and the top end of the vertical cylinder is sealed;
the top end of the vertical cylinder is provided with an overflow port, the overflow port is connected with an overflow discharge pump and an overflow barrel, the overflow port is connected with the inlet of the overflow discharge pump through a first pipeline, and the outlet of the overflow discharge pump is connected into the overflow barrel through a first pipeline;
a water flow distribution plate, a first inner component and a second inner component are sequentially fixed in the vertical cylinder from top to bottom, a water inlet is formed in the side wall of the vertical cylinder on one side of the water flow distribution plate and is communicated with the bottom of a high-level water tank through a second pipeline, a first electromagnetic butterfly valve is arranged at the bottom of the high-level water tank, and the high-level water tank is fixed above one side of the vertical cylinder; a first water ejecting opening is formed in the side wall of the vertical cylinder on one side of the first inner component and is communicated with the second pipeline through a third pipeline, and a first throttling valve is arranged on the third pipeline; a second water ejecting opening is formed in the side wall of the vertical cylinder on one side of the second inner component and is communicated with a second pipeline through a fourth pipeline, and a second throttling valve is arranged on the fourth pipeline; a feeding port is formed in one side wall of the vertical cylinder at the lower part of the second inner component and is connected to a feeding pump and a feeding stirring barrel, the feeding port is connected to an outlet of the feeding pump through a fifth pipeline, and an inlet of the feeding pump is connected into the feeding stirring barrel through the fifth pipeline;
the back taper sleeve bottom sets up the underflow mouth, and underflow discharge pump and underflow bucket are connected to the underflow mouth, the underflow mouth is through the import of sixth pipe connection underflow discharge pump, and the export of underflow discharge pump is through sixth pipe connection to in the underflow bucket, the underflow bucket is fixed in one side of back taper sleeve below, be equipped with the pulsation electromagnetism butterfly valve on the sixth pipeline between underflow discharge pump and the underflow mouth, the intercommunication has the seventh pipeline on the sixth pipeline between underflow mouth and the pulsation electromagnetism butterfly valve, seventh pipeline is parallel to each other with perpendicular drum, and the tip of seventh pipeline is located underflow mouth top and communicates with the air, be equipped with second electromagnetism butterfly valve on the seventh pipeline.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the inverted cone sleeve comprises three concentrically sleeved inverted cone barrels, the top ends and the bottoms of the three concentrically sleeved inverted cone barrels are fixed through radial transverse bars respectively, and gaps are reserved among the three concentrically sleeved inverted cone barrels.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the water flow distribution plate is in a conical cylinder shape, the cone angle is 120 degrees, round holes with the aperture of 1 mm are uniformly distributed on the surface of the conical cylinder of the water flow distribution plate, and the aperture ratio is 15 percent.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the first inner member is a conical cylinder in shape, the cone angle is 120 degrees, round holes with the aperture of 1 mm are uniformly distributed on the conical cylinder surface of the first inner member, the aperture ratio is 15 percent, and the conical top opening of the first inner member is circular; the second inner member is a conical cylinder, the cone angle is 120 degrees, round holes with the aperture of 1 mm are uniformly distributed on the surface of the conical cylinder of the second inner member, the aperture ratio is 15 percent, the conical top opening of the second inner member is circular, and the diameter of the conical top opening of the second inner member is larger than that of the conical top opening of the first inner member.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the discharge speed of the overflow discharge pump is controlled to be 0.5-1 m3/m2H; the feeding speed of the feeding pump is controlled to be 5-12m3/m2H; the discharge speed of the underflow discharge pump is controlled to be 1-2 m3/m2H, controlling the water flow frequency to be 30-90 times/minute by a pulsating electromagnetic butterfly valve; the concentration of the ore pulp fed into the feeding stirring barrel is 20-30%.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the opening degree of the first throttle valve is controlled to be 10-20%; the opening degree of the second throttle valve is controlled to be 20-30%.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the bottom of the vertical cylinder is welded with the top end of the inverted cone at the outermost layer of the inverted cone sleeve.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the diameter of the conical top opening of the second inner member is 200mm, and the diameter of the conical top opening of the first inner member is 100 mm.
As a further optimized scheme of the invention, the inner diameter of the vertical cylinder is 300mm, and the length of the vertical cylinder is 1000 mm; the height of the inverted cone-shaped sleeve is 1000 mm; the inner diameter of the upper end of the inverted cone of the innermost layer is 100mm, and the inner diameter of the lower end of the inverted cone of the innermost layer is 50 mm; the inner diameter of the upper end of the inverted cone of the middle layer is 200mm, and the inner diameter of the lower end of the inverted cone of the middle layer is 100 mm; the inner diameter of the upper end of the inverted cone at the outermost layer is 300mm, and the inner diameter of the lower end of the inverted cone at the outermost layer is 150 mm.
In addition, the invention also provides a fly ash cenosphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling method, which uses the fly ash cenosphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device to sort and recycle fly ash cenosphere and comprises the following concrete steps:
step one, opening a first electromagnetic butterfly valve and a second electromagnetic butterfly valve, and simultaneously opening a first throttle valve and a second throttle valve, wherein the opening degrees of the first throttle valve and the second throttle valve are respectively controlled at 10-20% and 20-30%, and at the moment, water flows into a separation bed body from a high-level water tank through a water inlet, a first top water port and a second top water port under the action of self weight to form a flowing water bed;
step two, when the separation bed body is filled with water flow, a feeding stirring barrel (20-30% of coal ash primary pulp is injected into the separation bed body by a feeding pump, and the injection speed is controlled to be 5-12m3/m2·h；
Step three, when the fly ash hollow microsphere floats to the upper end of the vertical cylinder due to lighter density and the fly ash residual material is settled to the bottom of the inverted cone-shaped sleeve due to heavier density, closing the second electromagnetic butterfly valve, starting the pulsation electromagnetic butterfly valve and the underflow discharge pump, and controlling the underflow discharge speed to be 1-2 m3/m2H, controlling the frequency to be 30-90 times/min, and then settling the residual fly ash at the bottom through an inverted cone-shaped sleeve and discharging the residual fly ash into a bottom flow barrel through a bottom flow port to become sorting waste;
step four, starting an overflow discharge pump, and controlling the overflow discharge speed to be 0.5-1 m3/m2H, concentrating the hollow microspheres on the top of the vertical cylinder after secondary separation and purification of the second inner member and the first inner member, and discharging the hollow microspheres into an overflow barrel from an overflow port to form a separated and recovered product;
and fifthly, keeping the states of the first electromagnetic butterfly valve, the first throttle valve, the second throttle valve, the feeding pump, the pulsating electromagnetic butterfly valve, the underflow discharge pump and the overflow discharge pump unchanged so as to realize continuous sorting and recycling operation of the fly ash cenospheres.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the separation and recovery operation of the fly ash hollow microspheres is carried out by adopting a liquid-solid fluidization technology for the first time, and a new way is provided for the resource utilization of the waste fly ash of the power plant.
2) The design of water flow from top to bottom is adopted, and compared with the traditional water flow arrangement from bottom to top, the load of a water pump related to a liquid-solid fluidization system is reduced, and the energy conservation of equipment is facilitated.
3) The design of pulsating water flow is adopted, the vibration effect is applied to the fly ash primary pulp in the sorting bed body, the acceleration of the dispersion process of the fly ash primary pulp in the vertical cylinder is facilitated, and a good environment is provided for the primary density sorting of the fly ash hollow microspheres and the residual materials.
4) The inverted cone-shaped sleeves are connected in parallel, so that the sedimentation area of the fly ash is increased, meanwhile, a narrow and long space formed between the sleeves is easy to generate a Boecket effect, the secondary density separation process of the fly ash hollow microspheres and excess materials in the conical sleeves is facilitated to be enhanced, the entrainment effect of the fly ash excess materials in bottom flow on the hollow microspheres is reduced, and the recovery rate of the overflow hollow microspheres is increased.
5) The conical inner component is adopted, the floating process of the cenospheres is slowed down, the opportunity of secondary separation and removal is provided for part of impurities carried in the cenospheres, the cenospheres are further separated and refined, the pollution of the impurities to overflowing cenospheres products is reduced, and the grade of the overflowing cenospheres products is improved.
6) The top water inlets are formed in the positions, corresponding to the side edges, of the two inner components, the two pieces of top water with different speeds are beneficial to improving the dispersion degree of the hollow microspheres near the inner components, the hollow microspheres are prevented from agglomerating on the inner components, and a good environment is provided for further sorting and refining of the hollow microspheres.
7) The main device of the equipment has simple structure and fewer accessory devices, and is favorable for continuous separation and recovery operation of the fly ash cenospheres.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the tapered sleeve.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of the tapered sleeve.
In the figure: 1. an overflow bucket; 2. an overflow discharge pump; 3. an overflow port; 4. a water flow distribution plate; 5. a water inlet; 6. a first top nozzle; 6a, a first throttle valve; 7. a second top nozzle; 7a, a second throttle valve; 8. a first electromagnetic butterfly valve; 9. a high-level water tank; 10. sorting the bed body; 10a, a first inner member; 10b, a second inner member; 11. a feeding port; 12. a feeding pump; 13. feeding into a stirring barrel; 14. a tapered sleeve; 141. an inverted cone; 142. a horizontal bar; 15. a vertical cylinder; 16. a underflow port; 17. a second electromagnetic butterfly valve; 18. a pulsating electromagnetic butterfly valve; 19. a underflow discharge pump; 20. and an underflow barrel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a pulsed liquid-solid fluidized separation and recovery device for hollow coal ash microbeads comprises a separation bed body 10, which is made of high-strength wear-resistant materials for prolonging the service life of the separation bed body 10; the separation bed body 10 comprises a vertical cylinder 15 and an inverted cone-shaped sleeve 14 from top to bottom, the bottom of the vertical cylinder 15 is communicated with the top of the inverted cone-shaped sleeve 14, the top end of the vertical cylinder 15 is sealed, and the inner diameter and the length of the vertical cylinder 15 are respectively 300mm and 1000 mm;
an overflow port 3 is formed at the top end of the vertical cylinder 15, the overflow port 3 is connected with an overflow discharge pump 2 and an overflow barrel 1, the overflow port 3 is connected with an inlet of the overflow discharge pump 2 through a first pipeline, an outlet of the overflow discharge pump 2 is connected into the overflow barrel 1 through a first pipeline, and the overflow discharge pump 2 controls the discharge speed to be 0.5-1 m3/m2·h；
A first inner component 10a and a second inner component 10b of a water flow distribution plate 4 are sequentially fixed in the vertical cylinder 15 from top to bottom, a water inlet 5 is arranged on the side wall of the vertical cylinder 15 on one side of the water flow distribution plate 4, the water inlet 5 is communicated with the bottom of the high-level water tank 9 through a second pipeline, a first electromagnetic butterfly valve 8 is arranged at the bottom of the high-level water tank 9, and the high-level water tank 9 is fixed on one side of the vertical cylinder 15Above, the water flow distribution plate 4 is in the shape of a conical cylinder, the cone angle is 120 degrees, round holes with the aperture of 1 mm are uniformly distributed on the surface of the conical cylinder of the water flow distribution plate 4, the aperture ratio is 15 percent, the conical bottom of the water flow distribution plate 4 is also provided with an opening, and the aperture of the opening is basically the same as the inner diameter of the vertical cylinder 15; a first top nozzle 6 is arranged on the side wall of a vertical cylinder 15 on one side of a first inner member 10a, the first top nozzle 6 is communicated with a second pipeline through a third pipeline, a first throttle valve 6a is arranged on the third pipeline, the first inner member 10a is in a conical cylinder shape, the cone angle is 120 degrees, round holes with the aperture of 1 mm are uniformly arranged on the conical cylinder surface of the first inner member 10a, the aperture ratio is 15 percent, the conical top opening of the first inner member 10a is circular, the conical top opening of the first inner member 10a is 100mm in diameter, it is required to be described that the structures of the first inner member 10a and the second inner member 10b are basically consistent, of course, referring to fig. 1, the conical bottoms of the first inner member 10a and the second inner member 10b are also open, and the conical bottom of the first inner member 10a is basically the same as the inner diameter of the vertical cylinder 15; a second top nozzle 7 is arranged on the side wall of a vertical cylinder 15 on one side of the second inner member 10b, the second top nozzle 7 is communicated with a second pipeline through a fourth pipeline, a second throttle valve 7a is arranged on the fourth pipeline, the second inner member 10b is in a conical cylinder shape, the cone angle is 120 degrees, round holes with the aperture of 1 mm are uniformly distributed on the surface of the conical cylinder of the second inner member 10b, the aperture ratio is 15 percent, the conical top opening of the second inner member 10b is circular, the diameter of the conical top opening of the second inner member 10b is larger than that of the conical top opening of the first inner member 10a, and the diameter of the conical top opening of the second inner member 10b is set to be 200mm in the embodiment; in order to generate top water, the opening degrees of the first throttle valve 6a and the second throttle valve 7a are respectively controlled to be 10-20% and 20-30%; a feeding port 11 is arranged on one side wall of a vertical cylinder 15 positioned at the lower part of the second inner member 10b, the feeding port 11 is connected to a feeding pump 12 and a feeding stirring barrel 13, the feeding port 11 is connected to an outlet of the feeding pump 12 through a fifth pipeline, and the feeding speed of the feeding pump 12 is controlled to be 5-12m3/m2H, controlling the concentration of the fed ore pulp in the feeding stirring barrel 13 to be 20-30%, and connecting an inlet of the feeding pump 12 to the feeding stirring barrel 13 through a fifth pipeline; in the actual use process, two hollow microspheres are arranged in the vertical cylinder for delaying the floating process of the hollow microspheresThe inner components, namely the first inner component 10a and the second inner component 10b, can provide the opportunity of secondary sorting and removing for part of impurities carried in the cenospheres, so that the cenospheres are further sorted and refined, the pollution of the impurities to overflowing hollow microbead products is reduced, and the grade of the overflowing hollow microbead products is improved. Meanwhile, in order to prevent the agglomeration of the cenospheres on the inner members, the positions of the corresponding sides of the two inner members are provided with top water inlets, and two pieces of top water with different speeds are generated by utilizing the first throttling valve 6a and the second throttling valve 7a, so that the dispersity of the cenospheres near the inner members is improved, and the environment is improved for further sorting and refining of the cenospheres. The first throttle valve 6a and the second throttle valve 7a may be purchased directly on the market for installation and use, and the specific installation structure and control method thereof are common knowledge in the art, and therefore, the detailed description thereof is omitted.
The bottom of the inverted cone sleeve 14 is provided with an underflow port 16, the underflow port 16 is connected with an underflow discharge pump 19 and an underflow barrel 20, the underflow port 16 is connected with an inlet of the underflow discharge pump 19 through a sixth pipeline, an outlet of the underflow discharge pump 19 is connected into the underflow barrel 20 through a sixth pipeline, the underflow barrel 20 is fixed at one side below the inverted cone sleeve 14, a pulse electromagnetic butterfly valve 18 is arranged on the sixth pipeline between the underflow discharge pump 19 and the underflow port 16, the pulse electromagnetic butterfly valve 18 controls the water flow frequency to be 30-90 times/minute, and the underflow discharge pump 19 controls the discharge speed to be 1-2 m3/m2H, a seventh pipeline is communicated with a sixth pipeline between the underflow port 16 and the pulsation electromagnetic butterfly valve 18, the seventh pipeline is parallel to the vertical cylinder 15, the end part of the seventh pipeline is positioned above the underflow port 16 and is communicated with the air, and a second electromagnetic butterfly valve 17 is arranged on the seventh pipeline.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the reverse tapered sleeve 14 includes three concentrically nested reverse tapered barrels 141, the top and bottom of the three concentrically nested reverse tapered barrels 141 are respectively fixed by radial cross bars 142, and there is a gap between the three concentrically nested reverse tapered barrels 141; the height of the inverted cone-shaped sleeve 14 is 1000 mm; the inner diameter of the upper end of the inverted cone 141 at the innermost layer is 100mm, and the inner diameter of the lower end is 50 mm; the inner diameter of the upper end of the inverted cone 141 of the middle layer is 200mm, and the inner diameter of the lower end is 100 mm; the inner diameter of the upper end of the outermost reverse tapered cylinder 141 is 300mm, and the inner diameter of the lower end thereof is 150 mm. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the pulsed liquid-solid fluidization separation and recovery device for the fly ash cenospheres of the embodiment combines the advantages associated with the pulsed water flow and the area between the conical sleeves. The pulsating electromagnetic butterfly valve 18 realizes that pulsating water flow exerts a vibration effect on the fly ash primary pulp in the sorting bed body, is beneficial to accelerating the dispersion process of the fly ash primary pulp in the vertical cylinder and provides a good environment for primary density sorting of the fly ash cenospheres and the excess materials; the inverted cone-shaped sleeves 14 are designed in a manner that the conical sleeves are connected in parallel, so that the sedimentation area of the fly ash is increased, meanwhile, a narrow and long space formed among the sleeves is easy to generate a Boicott effect, the secondary density separation process of the fly ash cenospheres and excess materials in the inclined cylinder is facilitated to be enhanced, the entrainment effect of the fly ash excess materials in the bottom flow on the cenospheres is reduced, and the recovery rate of the overflow hollow cenospheres is increased. Therefore, under the coupling action of the vibration effect of the pulsating water flow and the Boicott effect between the conical sleeves, the density sorting process of the fly ash heavy cenospheres and the residual materials is strengthened, and the recovery rate and the grade of the cenospheres are further improved.
It should be noted that the first electromagnetic butterfly valve 8, the second electromagnetic butterfly valve 17, and the pulsation electromagnetic butterfly valve 18 used in this embodiment may be directly purchased from the market, and their installation structures and control methods are common knowledge in the art, and therefore, the details of this embodiment are not described again.
It should be further noted that the overflow discharge pump 2, the underflow discharge pump 19 and the feed pump 12 in this embodiment are all slag slurry pumps commonly available in the market, and the installation structure and the control manner thereof are common knowledge in the art, and therefore, the detailed description thereof is omitted.
In addition, the invention also provides a fly ash cenosphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling method, which uses the fly ash cenosphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device to sort and recycle fly ash cenosphere and comprises the following concrete steps:
step one, opening a first electromagnetic butterfly valve 8 and a second electromagnetic butterfly valve 17, and simultaneously opening a first throttle valve 6a and a second throttle valve 7a, wherein the opening degrees of the first throttle valve 6a and the second throttle valve 7a are respectively controlled at 10-20% and 20-30%, and at the moment, water flows from a high-level water tank 9 to a separation bed body 10 through a water inlet 5, a first top water port 6 and a second top water port 7 under the action of self weight to form a flowing water bed; wherein, the second electromagnetic butterfly valve 17 is opened for exhausting the air in the sorting bed body 10, so that the sorting bed body 10 is filled with water;
step two, after the separation bed body 10 is filled with water flow, 20-30% of fly ash primary pulp in the feed stirring barrel 13 is injected into the separation bed body 10 through the feed pump 12, and the injection speed is controlled to be 5-12m3/m2·h；
Step three, when the fly ash hollow microsphere floats to the upper end of the vertical cylinder 15 due to lighter density and the fly ash residual material is settled to the bottom of the inverted cone-shaped sleeve 14 due to heavier density, closing the second electromagnetic butterfly valve 17, opening the pulsation electromagnetic butterfly valve 18 and the underflow discharge pump 19, and controlling the underflow discharge speed to be 1-2 m3/m2H, controlling the frequency to be 30-90 times/min, wherein the residual fly ash is settled at the bottom through the inverted cone-shaped sleeve 14 and is discharged into the underflow barrel 20 through the underflow port 16 to become sorting waste;
step four, starting the overflow discharge pump 2, and controlling the overflow discharge speed to be 0.5-1 m3/m2H, the hollow microspheres are collected at the top of the vertical cylinder 15 after secondary separation and purification of the second inner member 10b and the first inner member 10a, and are discharged into the overflow barrel 1 from the overflow port 3 to become a separated and recovered product;
and step five, keeping the states of the first electromagnetic butterfly valve 8, the first throttle valve 6, the second throttle valve 7, the feeding pump 12, the pulsating electromagnetic butterfly valve 18, the underflow discharge pump 19 and the overflow discharge pump 2 unchanged so as to realize continuous sorting and recycling operation of the fly ash cenospheres.
In summary, the invention adopts a unique structure that the vertical cylinder is connected with the conical sleeve, utilizes the coupling effect of the vibration effect of pulsating water flow and the Boicott effect between the conical sleeves, combines the dispersion and secondary separation and purification effects of the top water and the internal member on the floating materials, avoids the entrainment phenomenon of the residual fly ash in the bottom flow on the hollow microspheres, solves the impurity pollution problem of the overflow hollow microspheres, further strengthens the density separation process of the hollow microspheres in the fly ash and the residual materials, and improves the recovery efficiency and the grade of the overflow hollow microspheres. Meanwhile, a top-down water flow arrangement mode is adopted, the load capacity of related equipment is reduced, the energy-saving efficiency in the operation process of the equipment is improved, the equipment is simple in structure, the later operation and maintenance work is easy, and the continuous and efficient separation and recovery of the fly ash cenospheres can be realized.
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the limitations of the above specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fly ash cenosphere pulsation liquid-solid fluidization selects separately recovery unit, includes selects separately the bed body (10), its characterized in that:
the separation bed body (10) comprises a vertical cylinder (15) and an inverted cone-shaped sleeve (14) from top to bottom, the bottom of the vertical cylinder (15) is communicated with the top of the inverted cone-shaped sleeve (14), and the top end of the vertical cylinder (15) is sealed;
the top end of the vertical cylinder (15) is provided with an overflow port (3), the overflow port (3) is connected with an overflow discharge pump (2) and an overflow barrel (1), the overflow port (3) is connected with an inlet of the overflow discharge pump (2) through a first pipeline, and an outlet of the overflow discharge pump (2) is connected into the overflow barrel (1) through a first pipeline;
a water flow distribution plate (4), a first inner component (10 a) and a second inner component (10 b) are sequentially fixed in the vertical cylinder (15) from top to bottom, a water inlet (5) is formed in the side wall of the vertical cylinder (15) on one side of the water flow distribution plate (4), the water inlet (5) is communicated with the bottom of the high-level water tank (9) through a second pipeline, a first electromagnetic butterfly valve (8) is arranged at the bottom of the high-level water tank (9), and the high-level water tank (9) is fixed above one side of the vertical cylinder (15); a first water jacking port (6) is arranged on the side wall of a vertical cylinder (15) at one side of the first inner component (10 a), the first water jacking port (6) is communicated with the second pipeline through a third pipeline, and a first throttling valve (6 a) is arranged on the third pipeline; a second top nozzle (7) is arranged on the side wall of the vertical cylinder (15) on one side of the second inner component (10 b), the second top nozzle (7) is communicated with a second pipeline through a fourth pipeline, and a second throttle valve (7 a) is arranged on the fourth pipeline; a feeding port (11) is formed in one side wall of a vertical cylinder (15) positioned at the lower part of the second inner member (10 b), the feeding port (11) is connected to a feeding pump (12) and a feeding stirring barrel (13), the feeding port (11) is connected to an outlet of the feeding pump (12) through a fifth pipeline, and an inlet of the feeding pump (12) is connected into the feeding stirring barrel (13) through the fifth pipeline;
the bottom of the inverted cone sleeve (14) is provided with a bottom flow port (16), the bottom flow port (16) is connected with a bottom flow discharge pump (19) and a bottom flow barrel (20), the underflow port (16) is connected with the inlet of an underflow discharge pump (19) through a sixth pipeline, the outlet of the underflow discharge pump (19) is connected into an underflow barrel (20) through a sixth pipeline, the underflow barrel (20) is fixed at one side below the inverted cone-shaped sleeve (14), a pulsation electromagnetic butterfly valve (18) is arranged on a sixth pipeline between the underflow discharge pump (19) and the underflow port (16), a seventh pipeline is communicated with the sixth pipeline between the underflow port (16) and the pulsation electromagnetic butterfly valve (18), the seventh pipeline is parallel to the vertical cylinder (15), the end part of the seventh pipeline is positioned above the underflow port (16) and is communicated with the air, and the seventh pipeline is provided with a second electromagnetic butterfly valve (17).
2. The fly ash cenosphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inverted cone sleeve (14) comprises three inverted cone barrels (141) which are concentrically sleeved, the top ends and the bottoms of the three inverted cone barrels (141) which are concentrically sleeved are fixed through radial transverse bars (142), and gaps are reserved among the three inverted cone barrels (141) which are concentrically sleeved.
3. The fly ash cenosphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water flow distribution plate (4) is in a conical cylinder shape, the cone angle is 120 degrees, round holes with the aperture of 1 mm are uniformly distributed on the surface of the conical cylinder of the water flow distribution plate (4), and the aperture ratio is 15%.
4. The fly ash cenosphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first inner member (10 a) is in a conical cylinder shape, the cone angle is 120 degrees, round holes with the aperture of 1 mm are uniformly distributed on the conical cylinder surface of the first inner member (10 a), the aperture ratio is 15%, and the conical top opening of the first inner member (10 a) is circular; the second inner member (10 b) is a conical cylinder, the cone angle is 120 degrees, round holes with the diameter of 1 mm are uniformly distributed on the surface of the conical cylinder of the second inner member (10 b), the aperture ratio is 15 percent, the conical top opening of the second inner member (10 b) is round, and the diameter of the conical top opening of the second inner member (10 b) is larger than that of the conical top opening of the first inner member (10 a).
5. The fly ash cenosphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the discharge speed of the overflow discharge pump (2) is controlled to be 0.5-1 m3/m2H; the feeding speed of the feeding pump (12) is controlled to be 5-12m3/m2H; the discharge speed of the underflow discharge pump (19) is controlled to be 1-2 m3/m2H, controlling the water flow frequency to be 30-90 times/minute by the pulse electromagnetic butterfly valve (18); the concentration of the ore pulp fed into the feeding stirring barrel (13) is 20-30%.
6. The fly ash cenosphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the opening degree of the first throttle valve (6 a) is controlled to be 10-20%; the opening degree of the second throttle valve (7 a) is controlled to be 20-30%.
7. The fly ash cenosphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the bottom of the vertical cylinder (15) is welded with the top end of the inverted cone cylinder (141) at the outermost layer of the inverted cone sleeve (14).
8. The fly ash cenosphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the diameter of the conical top opening of the second inner member (10 b) is 200mm, and the diameter of the conical top opening of the first inner member (10 a) is 100 mm.
9. The fly ash cenosphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization sorting and recycling device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inner diameter of the vertical cylinder (15) is 300mm, and the length of the vertical cylinder is 1000 mm; the height of the inverted cone-shaped sleeve (14) is 1000 mm; the inner diameter of the upper end of the inverted cone-shaped cylinder (141) at the innermost layer is 100mm, and the inner diameter of the lower end of the inverted cone-shaped cylinder is 50 mm; the inner diameter of the upper end of the inverted cone (141) of the middle layer is 200mm, and the inner diameter of the lower end of the inverted cone is 100 mm; the inner diameter of the upper end of the inverted cone (141) at the outermost layer is 300mm, and the inner diameter of the lower end is 150 mm.
10. A coal ash hollow microsphere pulsating liquid-solid fluidization separation and recovery method is characterized in that: the separation and recovery operation of the fly ash cenospheres by using the fly ash cenospheres pulsating liquid-solid fluidization separation and recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following specific steps:
step one, opening a first electromagnetic butterfly valve (8) and a second electromagnetic butterfly valve (17), simultaneously opening a first throttle valve (6 a) and a second throttle valve (7 a), controlling the opening degrees of the first throttle valve (6 a) and the second throttle valve (7 a) to be 10-20% and 20-30% respectively, and enabling water flow to flow into a separation bed body (10) from a high-level water tank (9) through a water inlet (5), a first top water port (6) and a second top water port (7) under the action of self weight to form a flowing water bed;
step two, after the separation bed body (10) is filled with water flow, injecting 20-30% of fly ash primary pulp in a feeding stirring barrel (13) into the separation bed body (10) by a feeding pump (12), wherein the injection speed is controlled to be 5-12m3/m2·h；
Step three, floating the hollow fly ash microbeads to the upper end of the vertical cylinder (15) due to lighter density and floating the residual fly ash to the inverted cone sleeve due to heavier density(14) When the bottom is settled, the second electromagnetic butterfly valve (17) is closed, the pulsation electromagnetic butterfly valve (18) and the underflow discharge pump (19) are started, and the underflow discharge speed is controlled to be 1-2 m3/m2H, controlling the frequency to be 30-90 times/min, and then settling the residual fly ash at the bottom through an inverted cone-shaped sleeve (14) and discharging the residual fly ash into an underflow barrel (20) through an underflow port (16) to become sorting waste;
step four, starting an overflow discharge pump (2), and controlling the overflow discharge speed to be 0.5-1 m3/m2H, collecting the hollow microspheres after secondary separation and purification of the second inner member (10 b) and the first inner member (10 a) at the top of the vertical cylinder (15), and discharging the hollow microspheres into the overflow barrel (1) from the overflow port (3) to become a separated and recovered product;
and fifthly, keeping the states of the first electromagnetic butterfly valve (8), the first throttle valve (6), the second throttle valve (7), the feeding pump (12), the pulsating electromagnetic butterfly valve (18), the underflow discharge pump (19) and the overflow discharge pump (2) unchanged to realize continuous sorting and recycling operation of the fly ash cenospheres.
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