CN111632401A - Equipment and process for extracting fresh plant tissues - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant extraction, in particular to equipment and a process for extracting fresh plant tissues. It comprises a vacuum extraction device, a condensing device, a negative pressure generating device and a water supply device; the vacuum extraction device comprises a material bin, and a steam chamber is arranged outside the material bin; a material inlet and an exhaust port are formed in the upper part of the material bin; the exhaust port is connected with the condensing device through an exhaust pipe; the condensing unit comprises a cooling water tank and a cooling pipe, the cooling pipe is connected with the negative pressure generating device through a pipeline, the cooling pipe comprises a high-speed water flow sprayer and a drainage tank which are connected through a first water supply pipe, the water supply device comprises a purified water supply source, a water supply pipe and a drainage pipe, and the water supply device is connected with the bottom of the cooling water tank through a second water supply pipe. In the whole extraction process, no solvent is added in the material bin, so that the fresh plants are boiled, evaporated and dried at normal temperature, thermal decomposition and oxidation are prevented, and the active application of plant nutrient substances is ensured.

Description

Equipment and process for extracting fresh plant tissues

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant extraction, in particular to equipment and a process for extracting fresh plant tissues.

Background

With the consumption and the continuous upgrade of the large health industry, the plant extract industry is highly favored by the food, medicine and cosmetics industries. Under the condition that market demands at home and abroad are simultaneously pulled, the future development prospect of the plant extract industry is wide. The traditional extraction method comprises soaking method, percolation method, decocting method, reflux method, steam distillation method, etc. Wherein, the dipping method comprises the following steps: the soaking method belongs to a static extraction method, and is a method for soaking medicinal materials at normal temperature or under heating condition to leach out effective components contained in the medicinal materials. Percolation method: the percolation method is a leaching method in which the Chinese herbal medicine powder is filled in a percolator, new solvent is continuously added to make the powder permeate through the medicinal materials, and leachate flows out from the lower part of the percolator from top to bottom. The decocting method comprises the following steps: the decoction method is a traditional method, which is also called decoction extraction method or decoction method, in which water is used as an extraction solvent, the medicinal materials are heated and boiled for a certain time to obtain a decoction liquid, and the boiling liquid is repeated for a plurality of times to extract the effective components of the medicinal materials. A reflux method: extracting the medicinal materials with volatile organic solvent such as ethanol, heating the extractive solution, distilling off the solvent, and condensing and flowing back to the extractor for extracting the medicinal materials. Steam distillation method: the extraction method comprises co-distilling the medicinal materials containing volatile components with water to distill off volatile components with water vapor, and condensing to collect volatile components.

In the last decade, many new technologies and methods have appeared in plant extraction, such as semi-bionic, dynamic countercurrent, enzymatic, supercritical extraction, microwave extraction, ultrasonic extraction, etc. which are currently widely used as new extraction technologies. Wherein, semi-bionic extraction: from the perspective of biological pharmacy, an integral medicine research method is combined with a molecular medicine research method, the environment of transporting and absorbing oral medicines through gastrointestinal tracts is simulated, and a guiding separation method under the guidance of activity is adopted; is a new extraction process designed for a preparation for oral administration through the digestive tract. Dynamic countercurrent extraction: under the condition of increasing the specific surface area of the medicinal materials, a mechanical means and a forced circulation mode are utilized to increase the contact of solid and liquid, thereby extracting the effective components in the medicaments. Enzyme extraction: the enzyme extraction is based on the constitution of plant cell wall, and utilizes the characteristic of high specificity of enzyme reaction to select corresponding enzyme, hydrolyze or degrade the components (cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin) of the cell wall, destroy the cell wall structure, and dissolve, suspend or peptize the components in the cell in the solvent, thereby achieving the purpose of extraction and being beneficial to improving the extraction rate of the components. Supercritical extraction: an extraction method for extracting and separating by using supercritical fluid instead of conventional organic solvent. Ultrasonic extraction: ultrasonic cavitation to speed the leaching of effective components from plant. Microwave extraction: in the microwave field, the material has different microwave absorbing capacity, and some effective components may be heated and extracted selectively. The fresh plant tissue is rich in various active ingredients mainly containing micromolecular water, has physiological promotion effect on human or organisms, is particularly applied to the field of beauty and skin care, and is more and more valued by industries in recent years.

However, conventional extraction methods (maceration, percolation, decoction, reflux, steam distillation, etc.) have three inherent weaknesses: firstly, the solvent is needed, the amount is large, the loss is large, the extraction time is long, the liquid yield is low, the purity is poor, and the energy consumption is high; secondly, the thermosensitive substances contained in the plants are easily oxidized and decomposed in the extraction process, so that the application effect is reduced; and pesticide, chemical fertilizer and heavy metal residues in the extract are easy to exceed the standard. Although emerging methods such as semi-bionic, dynamic countercurrent, enzymatic methods, supercritical extraction, microwave extraction, ultrasonic extraction and the like have the advantages of high extraction rate, less loss of effective components, short period and the like, organic solvents are required to be dissolved to different degrees, and the extract is still improved to be truly residue-free. The supercritical removal extraction method adopts near room temperature (35-40 ℃) and CO₂Besides extraction under a gas hood, the temperature of the extraction process of other methods is generally about 60 ℃, oxidation and dissipation of some heat-sensitive substances cannot be completely prevented, and the investment of supercritical extraction equipment and required workshops is expensive and is not suitable for small and medium-sized extraction production enterprises.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above technical problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides an extraction apparatus for fresh plant tissue, comprising a vacuum extraction device, a condensation device, a negative pressure generation device and a water supply device; the vacuum extraction device comprises a material bin, and a steam chamber is arranged outside the material bin; a material inlet and an exhaust port are formed in the upper part of the material bin; the exhaust port is connected with the condensing device through an exhaust pipe; the condensing device comprises a cooling water tank and a cooling pipe, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the cooling pipe; the cooling pipe is connected with the negative pressure generating device through a pipeline; the negative pressure generating device comprises a high-speed water flow ejector and a drainage box; the drainage box is connected with the high-speed water flow ejector through a first water supply pipe, one end of the high-speed water flow ejector is connected with the pipeline, and the other end of the high-speed water flow ejector is connected with the drainage box; the water supply device comprises a purified water supply source, a water supply pipe and a water discharge pipe, the purified water supply source, the water supply pipe and the water discharge pipe are connected with the bottom of the cooling water tank through a second water supply pipe, one end of the water discharge pipe is connected with the top of the cooling water tank, and the other end of the water discharge pipe is connected with the water discharge tank; the electric steam generating device comprises an electric steam generator, one end of the electric steam generator is connected with the purified water supply source, and the other end of the electric steam generator is connected with the steam chamber; an automatic solenoid valve and a manual pressure reducing valve are arranged between the steam chamber and the electric steam generator.

As a preferred technical scheme, the bottom of the material bin is provided with a dry matter outlet, and a discharge valve is arranged on the dry matter outlet; and a dried object collecting box is arranged below the dried object discharge port.

As a preferred technical scheme, a hygrometer, a vacuum gauge and a notification device are arranged at the top of the material bin; a first thermometer is arranged at the bottom of the material bin; the hygrometer, the vacuum gauge, the first thermometer and the automatic electromagnetic valve are in communication connection with the control device.

As a preferred technical scheme, a stirring blade device is arranged inside the material bin.

Preferably, the first water supply pipe is provided with a high pressure water pump.

As a preferred technical scheme, one end of the high-speed water flow ejector is connected with the drainage box through a water pipe, one end of the water pipe is provided with a silencer, and the silencer is arranged inside the drainage box.

As a preferable technical solution, the second water supply pipe is connected to the drain tank through a water pipe; the water delivery pipe is provided with a ball float valve.

As a preferable technical scheme, one end of the pipeline is provided with a third automatic valve connected with the atmosphere; the pipeline is also connected with a second pipeline, and one end of the second pipeline is connected with a liquid receiving tank; a second manual valve is arranged on the second pipeline; and a third manual valve is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting tank.

As a preferable technical scheme, a thermometer and an automatic valve are arranged on the water discharge pipe.

In a second aspect, the invention provides a fresh plant tissue extraction process, which adopts the extraction equipment; the extraction process comprises the following steps:

cleaning and draining the plant raw material to obtain a plant material; putting the plant materials into a material bin of a vacuum extraction device for vacuum extraction to obtain the plant material;

wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum extraction device is-93.7-98 kPa; the temperature in the material bin of the vacuum extraction device is 35-40 ℃.

Has the advantages that: according to the fresh plant tissue extraction equipment, the vacuum extraction device, the condensing device, the negative pressure generation device, the water supply device and other devices are ingeniously arranged, so that no solvent is added into the material bin, the plant water can be promoted to evaporate under the normal-temperature and negative-pressure condition to extract the plant tissue, the equipment is ingenious in arrangement, and the installation and the operation are simple and convenient. In addition, the fresh plants can be boiled at the normal temperature of 35-40 ℃ and dried by evaporation by the corresponding extraction process matched with the extraction device, so that thermal decomposition and oxidation are prevented, and the thermosensitive active ingredients of the plants are prevented from going bad; 100% activity application of extractive solution, dry powder, water soluble essential oil, etc. And the vacuum extraction device can realize the vacuum degree as high as-98 kPa, maintain the requirement of the vacuum degree at normal temperature, has no odor and is environment-friendly.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for extracting fresh plant tissue according to the present invention.

Wherein: 1: material bin, 2: cooling water tank, 3: high-speed water jet ejector, 4: drainage box, 5: purified water supply source, 6: stirring blade device, 7: steam chamber, 8: dry matter discharge port, 9: dry matter collecting tank, 10: discharge valve, 11: exhaust port, 12: cooling tube, 13: exhaust pipe, 14: material inlet, 15: notification device, 16: hygrometer, 17: vacuum gauge, 18: control device, 19: first thermometer, 20: cooling water, 21: second water supply pipe, 22: second thermometer, 23: third thermometer, 24: drain pipe, 25: first automatic valve, 26: second automatic valve, 27: third automatic valve, 28: pipe, 29: manual valve, 30: fourth automatic valve, 31: muffler, 32: float valve, 33: fourth thermometer, 34: fifth automatic valve, 35: first water supply pipe, 36: automatic solenoid valve, 37: high-pressure water pump, 38: second duct, 39: second manual valve, 40: liquid collection tank, 41 third manual valve, 42: manual pressure reducing valve, 43: an electric steam generator.

Detailed Description

The disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control.

When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range. The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. "optional" or "any" means that the subsequently described event or events may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where it does not. In addition, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are not intended to limit the number requirement (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural unless the stated number clearly indicates that the singular form is intended.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another in the description and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. The present invention is illustrated by the following specific embodiments, but is not limited to the specific examples given below.

A first aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for extracting fresh plant tissue, comprising a vacuum extraction device, a condensation device, a negative pressure generation device and a water supply device; the vacuum extraction device comprises a material bin, and a steam chamber is arranged outside the material bin; a material inlet and an exhaust port are formed in the upper part of the material bin; the exhaust port is connected with the condensing device through an exhaust pipe; the condensing device comprises a cooling water tank and a cooling pipe, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the cooling pipe; the cooling pipe is connected with the negative pressure generating device through a pipeline; the negative pressure generating device comprises a high-speed water flow ejector and a drainage box; the drainage box is connected with the high-speed water flow ejector through a first water supply pipe, one end of the high-speed water flow ejector is connected with the pipeline, and the other end of the high-speed water flow ejector is connected with the drainage box; the water supply device comprises a purified water supply source, a water supply pipe and a water discharge pipe, the purified water supply source, the water supply pipe and the water discharge pipe are connected with the bottom of the cooling water tank through a second water supply pipe, one end of the water discharge pipe is connected with the top of the cooling water tank, and the other end of the water discharge pipe is connected with the water discharge tank; the electric steam generating device comprises an electric steam generator, one end of the electric steam generator is connected with the purified water supply source, and the other end of the electric steam generator is connected with the steam chamber; an automatic solenoid valve and a manual pressure reducing valve are arranged between the steam chamber and the electric steam generator. The electric steam generator provided by the invention heats and vaporizes water conveyed from a purified water supply source through electric heating to obtain water vapor, and then the water vapor enters the steam chamber to heat the material bin.

Furthermore, a dry matter outlet is arranged at the bottom of the material bin, and a discharge valve is arranged on the dry matter outlet; and a dried object collecting box is arranged below the dried object discharge port. The dried material after vacuum extraction in the material bin flows out of the material bin through the dried material outlet at the bottom of the material bin and enters the dried material collecting box at the bottom of the material bin, and the discharging condition of the material is controlled by the discharging valve.

Furthermore, a hygrometer, a vacuum gauge and a notification device are arranged at the top of the material bin; and a thermometer is arranged at the bottom of the material bin. The closing state of the material input port can be monitored through the informing device at the top of the material bin.

A first thermometer is arranged at the bottom of the material bin; the hygrometer, the vacuum gauge, the first thermometer and the automatic electromagnetic valve are in communication connection with the control device, and parameters such as extraction time for extracting materials in the material bin, system heating temperature (mainly setting the temperature in the material drying process) and the like can be set through the control device. And the vacuum degree and the humidity in the material bin are monitored by a hygrometer and a vacuum timing scale at the top of the material bin.

Further, a stirring blade device is arranged inside the material bin. The stirring blade device is mainly used for stirring the extracted materials in the material bin to ensure that the extracted materials are uniformly heated and fully extracted, the specific structure of the stirring blade device is not specially limited, and various stirring blade devices well known by the technical personnel in the field can be selected.

Further, a high-pressure water pump is arranged on the first water supply pipe. The bottom of the drainage box is connected with the high-speed water flow ejector through a first water supply pipe, and a high-pressure water pump is arranged on the first water supply pipe. Purified water in the drainage tank forms water flow with certain pressure through a high-pressure water pump, enters a high-speed water flow ejector, is sprayed out through symmetrical and uniformly distributed certain lateral inclination, and is polymerized on a focus, negative pressure is formed around the water flow ejector to enable the interior of the material chamber to generate vacuum, and a certain vacuum degree is formed in the material bin through a pipeline, a cooling pipe, an exhaust pipe and an exhaust port for extracting materials in the material bin.

Furthermore, one end of the high-speed water flow ejector is connected with the drainage box through a water pipe, one end of the water pipe is provided with a silencer, and the silencer is arranged inside the drainage box. Because the high-pressure water flow flows into the drainage box after being sprayed by the high-speed water flow sprayer to generate certain noise, one end of the water conveying pipe is provided with a silencer for reducing the noise. The concrete result of the silencer in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a device known to those skilled in the art may be selected.

Further, the second water supply pipe is connected with the drainage box through a water conveying pipe; the water delivery pipe is provided with a ball float valve. And a floating ball is arranged at one end of the floating ball valve and used for observing the height of the water level in the drainage tank. One or two water conveying pipes are arranged for connecting the second water supply pipe and the water drainage tank, and an automatic valve is arranged on the second water conveying pipe and used for controlling the water supply amount to the water drainage tank.

Further, one end of the pipeline is provided with a third automatic valve connected with the atmosphere; the pipeline is also connected with a second pipeline, and one end of the second pipeline is connected with a liquid receiving tank; a second manual valve is arranged on the second pipeline; and a third manual valve is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting tank. The extract after vacuum extraction enters a cooling water tank for condensation through an exhaust port and an exhaust pipe, and the condensed plant extract flows to a liquid receiving tank under the same vacuum condition.

Further, a thermometer and an automatic valve are arranged on the water discharge pipe. The thermometer and the automatic valve are installed and set according to the self-demand.

The working principle is as follows: putting plant raw materials into the material bin 1 through the material feeding port 14, sealing the material feeding port 14, and starting the vacuum extraction device; the closing state of the material input port 14 is monitored through a notification device 15 at the top of the material bin; the control device 18 is in communication connection with the hygrometer 16, the vacuum gauge 17, the first thermometer 19 and the automatic solenoid valve 36, and the extraction parameters of the material can be set through the control device 18, wherein the parameters include extraction time, system heating temperature (material drying settable temperature) and the like. The vacuum pumping work is started, purified water in the drainage tank 4 forms water flow with certain pressure through the high-pressure water pump 37, the water flow enters the high-speed water flow ejector 3, the purified water is symmetrically and uniformly sprayed out with certain lateral inclination and is converged on a focus, negative pressure is formed around the water flow ejector to enable the inside of the material chamber to be vacuum, a certain vacuum degree is formed in the material bin 1 through the pipeline 28, the cooling pipe 12, the exhaust pipe 13 and the exhaust port 11 and is used for extracting materials in the material bin, and the vacuum degree is measured through the vacuum gauge 17 arranged at the top of the material bin 1 of the vacuum extraction device. When the vacuum gauge 17 measures that the vacuum degree reaches-80 kPa, the control device 18 receives the state information of the hygrometer 16, the vacuum gauge 17 and the first thermometer 19, calculates to obtain temperature adjustment information, sends temperature control data to the automatic electromagnetic valve 36, the automatic electromagnetic valve 36 controls the steam quantity entering a pipeline, the steam pressure entering the steam chamber 7 is adjusted through the manual pressure reducing valve 42 according to the material properties, and the material bin 1 starts to heat up; when the vacuum degree measured by the vacuum gauge 17 reaches-93.7 kPa to 98kPa, which corresponds to the temperature of 35 ℃ to 40 ℃ in the material bin 1, and reaches the condition of boiling evaporation of water, the water of the plant is evaporated into mist, the mist enters the cooling water tank 2 through the exhaust port 11 and the exhaust pipe 13 for condensation, and the condensed plant extract flows to the liquid receiving tank 40 which is also under the vacuum condition through the pipeline 28 and the second pipeline 38; in the process of moisture evaporation, the system determines whether to vacuumize according to the conditions of the vacuum degree measured by the vacuum gauge 17 on the material bin 1, the temperature measured by the first thermometer 19 and the humidity measured by the hygrometer 16. The tester judges the end time of the extraction process by observing the liquid outlet condition of the liquid collection tank 40, if the liquid is not discharged, the extraction work is stopped, and if the test setting time cannot meet the extraction time, the extraction time can be adjusted by the control device 18; and after the extraction is finished, the vacuumizing can be stopped. After the extraction process is finished, the automatic valve 27 is opened, the liquid collecting tank 40 and the material bin 1 are in a normal pressure state, and the manual valve 41 is opened to discharge and collect the filled plant extract and the dried substances. In the whole extraction process, no solvent is added in the material bin, and the water of the plant is evaporated under the conditions of normal temperature and negative pressure, so that the active application of the plant nutrient substances is ensured.

In a second aspect, the invention provides a fresh plant tissue extraction process, which adopts the extraction equipment; the extraction process comprises the following steps:

cleaning and draining the plant raw material to obtain a plant material; putting the plant materials into a material bin of a vacuum extraction device for vacuum extraction to obtain the plant material;

wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum extraction device is-93.7-98 kPa; the temperature in the material bin of the vacuum extraction device is 35-40 ℃.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

(1) cleaning fresh plant materials (flowers, leaves, fruits, etc.), and draining;

(2) putting the prepared plant materials into a material bin of a vacuum extraction device, and sealing a bin door;

(3) starting an electric steam generator, a refrigerating unit and water treatment equipment to provide steam, cold water and purified water for the vacuum extractor;

(4) setting operation time according to material characteristics, starting the vacuum extractor, carrying out vacuum pumping work in the early stage of operation, when the vacuum degree reaches-80 kPa, introducing water vapor into a steam chamber of the extractor, and when the temperature and the vacuum degree in the steam chamber reach the moisture evaporation condition, evaporating the water-soluble substances of the plants.

(5) Cooling by external cold water circulation, condensing water vapor into extracting solution, collecting the extracting solution in a vacuum liquid collecting tank, controlling the temperature of the whole plant stock solution extracting process at 35-40 ℃, and maintaining the vacuum degree at-93.7-98 kPa.

(6) The plant extraction operation time can be judged by observing the liquid outlet speed of the liquid collecting tank, the extraction operation can be stopped when no liquid drips out, the exhaust driving is carried out, the state of the dried substance is determined, the dried substance is discharged, and the plant extracting solution is filled.

The present invention will be specifically described below by way of examples. It should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and that the insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are still within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for extracting fresh plant tissue, which includes a vacuum extracting device, a condensing device, a negative pressure generating device, and a water supplying device; the vacuum extraction device comprises a material bin 1, and a steam chamber 7 is arranged outside the material bin 1; a material inlet 14 and an exhaust port 11 are arranged at the upper part of the material bin; the exhaust port 11 is connected with the condensing device through an exhaust pipe 13; the condensing device comprises a cooling water tank 2 and a cooling pipe 12, cooling water 20 is contained in the cooling water tank 2, and the exhaust pipe 13 is connected with the cooling pipe 12; the cooling pipe 12 is connected with the negative pressure generating device through a pipeline 28; the negative pressure generating device comprises a high-speed water flow ejector 3 and a drainage box 4; the drainage tank 4 is connected with the high-speed water flow ejector 3 through a first water supply pipe 35, one end of the high-speed water flow ejector 3 is connected with the pipeline 28, and the other end of the high-speed water flow ejector 3 is connected with the drainage tank 4; the water supply device comprises a purified water supply source 5, a water supply pipe and a water discharge pipe 24, the purified water supply source is connected with the bottom of the cooling water tank 2 through a second water supply pipe 21, one end of the water discharge pipe 24 is connected with the top of the cooling water tank 2, and the other end of the water discharge pipe is connected with the water discharge tank 4; the electric steam generating device comprises an electric steam generator 43, one end of which is connected with the purified water supply source 5, and the other end of which is connected with the steam chamber 7; an automatic electromagnetic valve 36 and a manual pressure reducing valve 42 are arranged between the steam chamber 7 and the electric steam generator 43; the bottom of the material bin 1 is provided with a dried material outlet 8, and a discharge valve 10 is arranged on the dried material outlet; a dried object collecting box 9 is arranged below the dried object outlet 8; the top of the material bin 1 is provided with a hygrometer 16, a vacuum gauge 17 and a notification device 15; the bottom of the material bin 1 is provided with a first thermometer 19, and the hygrometer 16, the vacuum gauge 17, the first thermometer 19 and the automatic electromagnetic valve 36 are in communication connection with the control device 18; a stirring blade device 6 is arranged in the material bin 1; the first water supply pipe 35 is provided with a high pressure water pump 37; one end of the high-speed water flow ejector 3 is connected with the drainage box 4 through a water pipe, one end of the water pipe is provided with a silencer 31, and the silencer 31 is arranged inside the drainage box 4; the second water supply pipe 21 is connected with the drainage tank 4 through two water conveying pipes; one of the water pipes is provided with a ball float valve 32, and the other water pipe is provided with a fourth automatic valve 30; a fourth thermometer 33 is arranged in the drainage box; one end of the pipeline 28 is provided with a third automatic valve 27 connected with the atmosphere; the pipeline 28 is also connected with a second pipeline 38, and one end of the second pipeline is connected with a liquid receiving tank 40; a second manual valve 39 is arranged on the second pipeline 38; a third manual valve 41 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid receiving tank 40; the drain pipe 24 is provided with a third thermometer 23 and a first automatic valve 25, and a standby manual valve 29 is arranged in parallel with the first automatic valve 25; the high-speed water flow ejector 3 is connected with a pipeline 28 through a water conveying pipe, and a second automatic valve 26 is arranged on the water conveying pipe; a second thermometer 22 is arranged at the top of the cooling water tank; the bottom of the water discharge tank 4 is provided with a water outlet which is connected with a water pipe for adjusting the water quantity of the water discharge tank, and the water pipe is provided with a fifth automatic valve 34.

Example 2: provides a fresh plant tissue extraction process (preparation of tea flower extract), which comprises the following steps:

vacuum extraction is carried out on 2080g of fresh tea flowers, the extraction operation time is 1h and 18min, the vacuum degree is maintained at-93.7 kPa to 95.6kPa, the temperature in a material bin is 35 ℃ to 40 ℃, and the temperature of external steam is 88 ℃ to 108 ℃; during the extraction operation period, the plant stock solution gradually decreases and flows out in a water drop shape within 1h after the extraction time is 45min, and the plant stock solution stops flowing out within 1h10min, is colorless and transparent and has the special aroma of camellia. 1365g of liquid output, 699g of dried camellia weight, 65.6% of liquid output, 33.6% of yield of dried substances and 0.8% of loss rate.

Example 3: a process for extracting fresh plant tissue (preparation of green tea extract) is provided, which comprises the following steps:

vacuum extraction is carried out on 3100g of fresh green tea, the extraction operation time is 2h and 30min, the vacuum degree is maintained at minus 94.5kPa to 98.6kPa, the temperature in a material bin is 35 ℃ to 40 ℃, and the temperature of external steam is 87 ℃ to 110 ℃; during the extraction operation period, after the extraction time is 1h and 45min, the plant stock solution is gradually reduced and flows out in a water drop shape, and after the extraction time is 2h and 20min, the plant stock solution stops flowing out, is colorless and transparent, and has the unique fragrance of tea leaves. The liquid output is 2050g, the weight of the dried tea is 1030g, the liquid output is 66.1 percent, the yield of the dried product is 33.2 percent, and the loss rate is 0.7 percent.

The drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure only relate to the structures and processes related to the embodiments of the present disclosure, and other structures may refer to general designs.

For purposes of clarity, the thickness of layers or regions in the figures used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure are exaggerated or reduced, i.e., the figures are not drawn on a true scale.

Without conflict, embodiments of the present disclosure and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other to arrive at new embodiments.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may modify or change the technical content disclosed above into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes, but all those simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made on the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A device for extracting fresh plant tissues is characterized by comprising a vacuum extraction device, a condensation device, a negative pressure generation device, a water supply device and an electric steam generation device; the vacuum extraction device comprises a material bin (1), and a steam chamber (7) is arranged outside the material bin (1); a material inlet (14) and an exhaust port (11) are arranged at the upper part of the material bin; the exhaust port (11) is connected with the condensing device through an exhaust pipe (13); the condensing device comprises a cooling water tank (2) and a cooling pipe (12), and the exhaust pipe (13) is connected with the cooling pipe (12); the cooling pipe (12) is connected with the negative pressure generating device through a pipeline (28); the negative pressure generating device comprises a high-speed water flow ejector (3) and a drainage tank (4); the drainage tank (4) is connected with the high-speed water flow ejector (3) through a first water supply pipe (35), one end of the high-speed water flow ejector (3) is connected with the pipeline (28), and the other end of the high-speed water flow ejector is connected with the drainage tank (4); the water supply device comprises a purified water supply source (5), a water supply pipe and a water discharge pipe (24), the purified water supply source is connected with the bottom of the cooling water tank (2) through a second water supply pipe (21), one end of the water discharge pipe (24) is connected with the top of the cooling water tank (2), and the other end of the water discharge pipe is connected with the water discharge tank (4); the electric steam generating device comprises an electric steam generator (43), one end of the electric steam generator is connected with the purified water supply source (5), and the other end of the electric steam generator is connected with the steam chamber (7); an automatic electromagnetic valve (36) and a manual pressure reducing valve (41) are arranged between the steam chamber (7) and the electric steam generator (43).

2. The extraction apparatus for fresh plant tissue according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the material bin (1) is provided with a dry matter discharge opening (8) on which a discharge valve (10) is arranged; a dried object collecting box (9) is arranged below the dried object discharge port (8).

3. The apparatus for extraction of fresh plant tissue according to claim 1, characterized in that a hygrometer (16), a vacuum gauge (17) and a notification device (15) are arranged on top of the material bin (1); a first thermometer (19) is arranged at the bottom of the material bin (1); the hygrometer (16), the vacuum gauge (17), the first thermometer (19) and the automatic solenoid valve (36) are in communication connection with the control device (18).

4. The extraction equipment for fresh plant tissues according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a stirring blade device (6) is arranged inside the material bin (1).

5. Apparatus for extracting fresh plant tissue according to claim 1, characterized in that a high-pressure water pump (37) is provided on the first water supply pipe (35).

6. The extraction apparatus for fresh plant tissue according to claim 5, wherein one end of the high-speed water jet ejector (3) is connected to the drainage tank (4) through a water pipe, one end of the water pipe is provided with a silencer (31), and the silencer (31) is arranged inside the drainage tank (4).

7. The extraction apparatus for fresh plant tissue according to claim 1, characterized in that the second water supply pipe (21) is connected to the drainage tank (4) by a water duct; the water delivery pipe is provided with a ball float valve (32).

8. The extraction device for fresh plant tissue according to claim 1, characterized in that said duct (28) is provided at one end with a third automatic valve (27) connected to the atmosphere; the pipeline (28) is also connected with a second pipeline (38), and one end of the second pipeline is connected with a liquid receiving tank (40); a second manual valve (39) is arranged on the second pipeline (38); and a third manual valve (41) is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting tank (40).

9. An apparatus for extraction of fresh plant tissue as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a thermometer and an automatic valve are provided on the drain pipe (24).

10. A process for extracting fresh plant tissues, which is characterized by adopting the extraction equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9; the extraction process comprises the following steps:

cleaning and draining the plant raw material to obtain a plant material; putting the plant materials into a material bin of a vacuum extraction device for vacuum extraction to obtain the plant material;

wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum extraction device is-93.7-98 kPa; the temperature in the material bin of the vacuum extraction device is 35-40 ℃.

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