CN111628781B - Matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial port communication - Google Patents
Matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial port communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN111628781B CN111628781B CN202010554148.5A CN202010554148A CN111628781B CN 111628781 B CN111628781 B CN 111628781B CN 202010554148 A CN202010554148 A CN 202010554148A CN 111628781 B CN111628781 B CN 111628781B
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- LAXBNTIAOJWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobiphenyl Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LAXBNTIAOJWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 101710149812 Pyruvate carboxylase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M11/00—Coding in connection with keyboards or like devices, i.e. coding of the position of operated keys
- H03M11/22—Static coding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Input From Keyboards Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial port communication, which relates to the electronic circuit technology and solves the technical problem that the existing matrix keyboard occupies more MCU resources. The invention scans the state of each key switch in real time through the control chip, and sends the state to the MCU chip through the RS232 serial port communication protocol, only one I/O port of the MCU chip is occupied, the task of row-column scanning is completed by the control chip, and the MCU only needs to receive the key state, so that the occupied resources of the MCU can be greatly reduced, and the efficiency is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the electronic circuit technology, in particular to a matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial port communication.
Background
The rapid development of the modern electronics industry has led to the need for more convenient use by electronic developers for a variety of basic electronic devices, and no exception is given to matrix keyboards.
In the prior art, the key is judged by a main use mode of the matrix keyboard in a line scanning method, so that the resource of the main MCU (Microcontroller Unit) is wasted, the execution time of the function is increased, and the traditional line scanning method is obviously not suitable in occasions that rapid response is required for judging the key and various key triggering modes are required.
In the prior art, a matrix keyboard and a control module are used in an assembled mode, or the matrix keyboard and the control module are not used; requiring the user to start writing from the underlying code increases the difficulty of the user or the development cycle of a product.
In the prior art, the communication rate with a control module of a matrix keyboard is single and can not be changed; in changing the usage environment, perhaps the communication rate requirements are different, and a single, unalterable communication rate would be an impediment to matrix keyboard usage.
In the prior art, the triggering mode of the key is single and can not be changed; when the trigger mode needs to be modified, the underlying code needs to be modified, which becomes a great obstacle for the user.
In the prior art, the shake elimination of keys is often ignored, and when a matrix keyboard is in a strong interference environment, misjudgment of key states is often caused, so that system errors are caused.
In the prior art, the state information of the keys is generally transmitted to the MCU in a passive mode, and the MCU is required to continuously scan the matrix keyboard in the mode, so that more MCU resources are occupied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that MCU resources occupied by a matrix keyboard in the prior art are more, and provides a matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial port communication, which occupies fewer MCU resources.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial port communication comprises a PCB board, wherein a plurality of key switches which are arranged in M rows and N columns are arranged on the top surface of the PCB board, a control chip is arranged on the bottom surface of the PCB board, input ports of the key switches in the same row are correspondingly connected with the same output port of the control chip, output ports of the key switches in the same column are correspondingly connected with the same input port of the control chip, the control chip scans the states of the key switches in real time, and sends the states of the key switches to an MCU chip through an RS232 serial port communication protocol.
As a further improvement, four corners of the PCB are provided with hexagonal copper columns.
Further, an indication circuit is arranged on the PCB, the indication circuit comprises a first resistor and a first LED lamp which are connected in series, one end of the first resistor is connected with a power input port of the control chip, and the negative electrode of the first LED lamp is grounded.
Further, a pin header connected with the control chip is arranged on the PCB.
Further, the distance between two adjacent pins of the pin header is 1.25 mm-7.62 mm.
Further, the control chip is a singlechip with the model of STC15W408 AS.
Further, when the control chip scans the state of each key switch in real time, metastable state anti-shake processing is performed on each key switch through a state machine.
Further, the control chip receives a first specific instruction through an RS232 protocol to change the triggering mode of each key switch.
Further, the control chip receives a second specific instruction through the RS232 protocol to change the baud rate of the communication of the control chip, wherein the baud rate at least comprises 4800, 9600, 19200 and 115200.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention scans the state of each key switch in real time through the control chip, actively transmits the state to the MCU chip through the RS232 protocol, only occupies one I/O port of the MCU chip, and completes the task of row-column scanning through the control chip, and the MCU only needs to receive the key state, thereby greatly reducing the occupied resources of the MCU and remarkably improving the efficiency.
2. The matrix keyboard and the control circuit of the matrix keyboard are combined into a whole, so that intermediate links are reduced, and the use can be more convenient.
3. The communication rate, the key triggering mode and the key triggering frequency can be changed at any time, so that more choices are provided for a user, and the method is convenient to apply in various environments.
4. The software mode of key shake elimination is added, and external interference can be effectively prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the top of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the bottom part of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the top of the PCB board according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the bottom of the PCB board according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a silk-screen layer on the top of a PCB board according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a silk-screen layer at the bottom of a PCB board in the present invention.
Wherein: the LED lamp comprises a 1-PCB, a 2-key switch, a 3-hexagonal copper column, a 4-indicating circuit, a U1-control chip, an R1-first resistor, an LED 1-first LED lamp and a JP 1-pin header.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments in the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-7, a matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial port communication comprises a PCB board 1, wherein the top surface of the PCB board 1 is provided with a plurality of key switches 2 which are arranged in M rows and N columns, wherein M is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 5, N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5, and a plurality of choices are provided for users so as to be applied to different occasions. The bottom surface of the PCB 1 is provided with a control chip U1, and input ports of the key switches 2 in the same row are correspondingly connected with the same output port of the control chip U1, namely, the M rows of key switches 2 need the output ports of M control chips U1. The output ports of the key switches 2 in the same column are correspondingly connected with the same input port of the control chip U1, that is, the N columns of key switches 2 need N input ports of the control chip U1. Of course, the input port of the key switch 2 may be connected to the input port of the control chip U1, and the output port of the key switch 2 may be connected to the output port of the control chip U1. The control chip U1 scans the states of the key switches 2 in real time and sends the states of the key switches 2 to the MCU chip through an RS232 serial port communication protocol.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, m=n=4, and the matrix keyboard has a 4×4 structure, and includes SW1 to SW16 key switches, the input ports of the 4 rows of key switches 2 are correspondingly connected to the P3.4 to P3.7 output ports of the control chip U1, and the output ports of the 4 columns of key switches 2 are correspondingly connected to the P1.0, P1.1, P1.6, and P1.7 output ports of the control chip U1.
The control chip U1 is a singlechip with the model of STC15W408AS, and the minimum system of the singlechip of STC15W408AS is composed of pins 1 to 4, pins 6, pins 8 to 10 and pins 13 to 16 in the chip of STC15W408 AS; the minimum system adopts an internal oscillator of an STC15W408AS singlechip chip so AS to save manufacturing cost.
The PCB 1 is provided with an indicating circuit 4, the indicating circuit 4 comprises a first resistor R1 and a first LED lamp LED1 which are connected in series, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected with a power input port of the control chip U1, the negative electrode of the first LED lamp LED1 is grounded, when the power is turned on, the first LED lamp LED1 is turned on, and the system is in a working state, so that a user can conveniently judge whether the LED lamp is in the working state or not.
The PCB board 1 is provided with a pin JP1 connected with the control chip U1, the pin JP1 is provided with 12 pins in total, the arrangement mode is in linear arrangement, corresponding pin numbers are 1-12, wherein pins 1-4 and 9-12 provide a row-column scanning mode of a traditional matrix keyboard for a user, pins 5-6 are respectively used as an anode and a cathode for power supply, and pins 7-8 are respectively used as a data receiving pin and a data transmitting pin for RS232 serial port communication. The distance between two adjacent needles of the needle arrangement JP1 is 1.25-7.62 mm, so that the needle arrangement JP1 is convenient for users to apply in different occasions.
Four corners of the PCB 1 are provided with hexagonal copper columns 3, so that the PCB is convenient to install on different devices. The hexagonal copper column 3 can be installed or not according to the preference of a user; the length of the hexagonal copper column 3 can be reasonably selected according to requirements so as to improve the comfort during use.
The key switch 2, the STC15W408AS singlechip, the pin header JP1 and the first LED lamp LED1 are fixed at corresponding positions in a welding mode.
When the control chip U1 scans the states of the key switches 2 in real time, the metastable state debounce processing is carried out on the key switches 2 through a state machine. The state machine comprises a high-level stable state, a falling edge jitter elimination state, a low-level stable state and a rising edge jitter elimination state, and interference in the environment can be effectively eliminated.
The control chip U1 receives a first specific instruction through the RS232 protocol to change the triggering mode of each key switch 2. The triggering mode comprises rising edge triggering, falling edge triggering, single triggering and continuous triggering, wherein the triggering frequency of the continuous triggering is randomly adjustable within 1 Hz-100 Hz, and the application of a user in different occasions is facilitated. The first specific instruction comprises a 2Byte frame header, 1Byte trigger mode instruction data, 1Byte trigger mode data, 1Byte trigger frequency data and a 2Byte frame tail of RS232 serial port communication.
The control chip U1 receives a second specific instruction through the RS232 protocol to change the baud rate of the communication of the control chip U1, wherein the baud rate at least comprises 4800, 9600, 19200 and 115200, and the application of a user in different occasions is facilitated. The second specific instruction comprises a 2Byte frame head, 1Byte baud rate modification instruction data, 1Byte baud rate data and a 2Byte frame tail of RS232 serial communication.
The invention scans the state of each key switch in real time through the control chip, actively transmits the state to the MCU chip through the RS232 serial port communication protocol, only occupies one I/O port of the MCU chip, and completes the task of row-column scanning through the control chip, and the MCU only needs to receive the key state, thereby greatly reducing the occupied resources of the MCU and remarkably improving the efficiency. The matrix keyboard and the control circuit of the matrix keyboard are combined into a whole, so that intermediate links are reduced, and the use can be more convenient. The communication rate, the key triggering mode and the key triggering frequency can be changed at any time, so that more choices are provided for a user, and the method is convenient to apply in various environments. The software mode of key shake elimination is added, and external interference can be effectively prevented.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these do not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent.
Claims (7)
1. The matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial port communication is characterized by comprising a PCB (1), wherein the top surface of the PCB (1) is provided with a plurality of key switches (2) which are arranged in M rows and N columns, the bottom surface of the PCB (1) is provided with a control chip (U1), input ports of the key switches (2) in the same row are correspondingly connected with the same output port of the control chip (U1), output ports of the key switches (2) in the same column are correspondingly connected with the same input port of the control chip (U1), and the control chip (U1) scans the states of the key switches (2) in real time and sends the states of the key switches (2) to an MCU chip through an RS232 protocol;
the control chip (U1) receives a first specific instruction through an RS232 protocol to change the triggering mode of each key switch (2);
the triggering mode comprises rising edge triggering, falling edge triggering, single triggering and continuous triggering, wherein the triggering frequency of the continuous triggering is randomly adjustable within 1 Hz-100 Hz, and the first specific instruction comprises a 2Byte frame head, 1Byte triggering mode instruction data, 1Byte triggering mode data, 1Byte triggering frequency data and 2Byte frame tail of RS232 serial port communication;
the control chip (U1) receives a second specific instruction through an RS232 protocol to change the baud rate of the communication of the control chip (U1), wherein the baud rate comprises 4800, 9600, 19200 and 115200;
the second specific instruction comprises a 2Byte frame head, 1Byte baud rate modification instruction data, 1Byte baud rate data and a 2Byte frame tail of RS232 serial communication.
2. The matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial communication according to claim 1, wherein four corners of the PCB (1) are provided with hexagonal copper pillars (3).
3. The matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial communication according to claim 1, wherein an indication circuit (4) is arranged on the PCB (1), the indication circuit (4) comprises a first resistor (R1) and a first LED lamp (LED 1) which are connected in series, one end of the first resistor (R1) is connected with a power input port of the control chip (U1), and a negative electrode of the first LED lamp (LED 1) is grounded.
4. The matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial communication according to claim 1, wherein pins (JP 1) connected with the control chip (U1) are arranged on the PCB (1).
5. The matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial communication according to claim 4, wherein the distance between two adjacent pins of the pin header (JP 1) is 1.25 mm-7.62 mm.
6. The matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial communication according to claim 1, wherein the control chip (U1) is a single chip microcomputer with a model number of STC15W408 AS.
7. The matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial communication according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein metastable debounce processing is performed on each of the key switches (2) by a state machine when the control chip (U1) scans the state of each of the key switches (2) in real time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010554148.5A CN111628781B (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial port communication |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010554148.5A CN111628781B (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Matrix keyboard based on RS232 serial port communication |
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| CN111628781A CN111628781A (en) | 2020-09-04 |
| CN111628781B true CN111628781B (en) | 2023-07-14 |
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| CN111628781A (en) | 2020-09-04 |
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