CN111628675A - Solar-assisted enhanced salt-difference circulating power generation system and method - Google Patents
Solar-assisted enhanced salt-difference circulating power generation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
The present disclosure discloses a solar-assisted enhanced salt-difference cycle power generation system, comprising: a power generation device and an auxiliary power generation device; the power generation device comprises a plurality of low-salt liquid chambers, a plurality of high-salt liquid chambers, a plurality of cation selective nano-membranes and a plurality of anion selective nano-membranes; the low-salt liquid chambers and the high-salt liquid chambers are alternately arranged, and the number of the low-salt liquid chambers is one more than that of the high-salt liquid chambers or the number of the high-salt liquid chambers is one more than that of the low-salt liquid chambers; the cation selective nano-membranes and the anion selective nano-membranes are the same in number and are alternately arranged between the adjacent low-salt solution chambers and high-salt solution chambers; the auxiliary power generation device comprises a movable light shielding plate for shielding one part of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film so that sunlight irradiates the other part of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of salt difference power generation, and particularly relates to a solar-assisted enhanced salt difference circulating power generation system and method.
Background
The traditional mainstream power generation mode has the defects of low power generation efficiency, environmental pollution, non-regeneration and the like. Therefore, the problem of enhancing the recycling of new energy and seeking the coordinated development of energy economy and environmental protection is just the problem faced by people. The salt difference energy is used as a blue energy source, has the characteristics of cleanness and reproducibility, and is also a renewable energy source with the largest energy density in ocean energy. Most of the salt difference energy is used for power generation, and the reverse electrodialysis is one of the main methods for converting the salt difference energy into electric energy, but the existing method has the problems of low power density, complex structure of a Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) module, large water consumption, continuous fresh and concentrated fresh water supplement and the like, and the reverse electrodialysis has high requirements on an ion exchange membrane, so that the cost of power generation through the reverse electrodialysis method is high.
However, the existing energy conversion devices mainly focus on directly converting the salt difference energy into electric energy, which limits the transmembrane current flux and the output power density. In fact, various forms of energy conversion are involved in the ocean energy utilization process, in particular pollution-free, zero-emission and renewable solar energy. While converting both energies to a single energy can enhance the overall energy output. Therefore, how to skillfully design an efficient, reliable and sustainable energy conversion system to cooperatively utilize solar energy and salt difference energy is very important for improving the overall power generation performance.
The above information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a solar energy assisted enhanced salt difference cycle power generation system, which can synergistically utilize solar energy and salt difference energy, increase the transmembrane current amount in an ion power generation system, and improve the power generation performance of the power generation system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present disclosure provides the following technical solutions:
a solar-assisted enhanced salt-difference cycle power generation system, comprising: a power generation device and an auxiliary power generation device; wherein,
the power generation device comprises a plurality of low-salt solution chambers, a plurality of high-salt solution chambers and a plurality of cation-selective nano-membranes and anion-selective nano-membranes;
the low-salt liquid chambers and the high-salt liquid chambers are alternately arranged, and the number of the low-salt liquid chambers is one more than that of the high-salt liquid chambers or the number of the high-salt liquid chambers is one more than that of the low-salt liquid chambers;
the cation selective nano-membranes and the anion selective nano-membranes are the same in number, sealed by methyl silicone oil and alternately arranged between the adjacent low-salt liquid chambers and high-salt liquid chambers;
the auxiliary power generation device comprises a movable light shielding plate for shielding one part of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film so that sunlight irradiates the other part of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film.
Preferably, the cation selective nano film and the anion selective nano film excite carriers through illumination, and the carriers migrate to generate electrochemical potential energy difference to assist salt difference in power generation.
Preferably, the cation-selective nanofilm and the anion-selective nanofilm are multilayer porous semiconductor films.
Preferably, the total thickness of the multilayer semiconductor film is not more than 5um, the thickness of each layer of film is not more than 10nm, and the interlayer distance is 1-10 nm.
Preferably, the cation-selective nanofilm and the anion-selective nanofilm include ion channels in communication with the low and high salt solution chambers.
Preferably, the length of the ion channel does not exceed 15 mm.
Preferably, the shading plate is made of a heat insulating material, and includes any one of the following components: polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, fiberglass.
Preferably, the system further comprises a signal acquisition device, wherein the signal acquisition device comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a signal collector, and the first electrode and the second electrode are connected with the signal collector and are used for acquiring a current signal of the system and adjusting the light shielding plate according to the current signal.
The present disclosure also provides a solar-assisted enhanced salt-difference cycle power generation method, comprising the following steps:
s100: adjusting a light shielding plate to simultaneously shield one part of the cation selective nano film and the anion selective nano film and illuminate the other part of the cation selective nano film and the anion selective nano film;
s200: the illuminated parts of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film excite carriers and migrate to generate electrochemical potential energy difference;
s300: under the combined action of electrochemical potential energy difference and salt difference, cations and anions in the high-salt solution chamber respectively move to the low-salt solution chamber through the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film until the salt difference between the high-salt solution chamber and the low-salt solution chamber is 0;
s400: keeping illumination unchanged, and continuously moving cations and anions in the high-salt solution chamber to the low-salt solution chamber under the action of electrochemical potential energy difference until the direction of system current is changed, wherein at the moment, the salt solution concentration of the low-salt solution chamber is higher than that of the high-salt solution chamber;
s500: and collecting a system current signal, adjusting a light shielding plate to simultaneously shield the other parts of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film, and repeating the steps S200 to S400.
Preferably, the cation-selective nano-film and the anion-selective nano-film are multilayer porous semiconductor films.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect that this disclosure brought does:
1. the solar energy and the salt difference energy can be cooperatively utilized, the transmembrane current amount in the ion power generation system is increased, and the power generation performance of the power generation system is improved.
2. High salt solution and low salt solution do not need to be supplemented continuously, and the water consumption of the power generation system can be greatly reduced.
3. By changing the illumination direction on the nano film, cyclic power generation can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar-assisted enhanced salt-difference cycle power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar-assisted enhanced salt-difference cycle power generation system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating ion flow in a cation selective nano-film under asymmetric solar illumination based on a solar-assisted enhanced salt-difference cycle power generation system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of ion flow in anion selective nanofilms under asymmetric solar illumination based on a solar assisted enhanced salt-difference cycle power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numbers in the drawings are as follows:
1-a first electrode; 2-a second electrode; 3-low saline compartment; 4-cation selective nanofilm; 5-high saline compartment; 6-anion selective nanofilms; 7-a signal collector; 8-a light screen; 9-methyl silicone oil.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 4. While specific embodiments of the disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, various names may be used to refer to a component. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the invention, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the invention. The scope of the present disclosure is to be determined by the terms of the appended claims.
To facilitate an understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following detailed description is to be considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the drawings are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present disclosure.
In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a solar-assisted enhanced salt-difference cycle power generation system comprising: a power generation device and an auxiliary power generation device; wherein,
the power generation device comprises a plurality of low-salt liquid chambers 3, a plurality of high-salt liquid chambers 5 and a plurality of cation selective nano-membranes 4 and anion selective nano-membranes 6, wherein the low-salt liquid chambers 3 and the high-salt liquid chambers 5 are alternately arranged, and the number of the low-salt liquid chambers 3 is one more than that of the high-salt liquid chambers 5 or the number of the high-salt liquid chambers 5 is one more than that of the low-salt liquid chambers 3;
the cation selective nano-film 4 and the anion selective nano-film 6 are same in quantity, sealed by methyl silicone oil 9 and alternately arranged between the adjacent low-salt solution chamber 3 and high-salt solution chamber 5;
the auxiliary power generation device comprises a movable light shielding plate 8 for shielding a part of the cation selective nano-film 4 and the anion selective nano-film 6 so that sunlight irradiates another part of the cation selective nano-film 4 and the anion selective nano-film 6.
The embodiment synergistically utilizes solar energy and salt difference energy, increases the transmembrane current amount in the ion power generation system, thereby improving the power generation performance of the power generation system, and does not need to supplement high-salt solution and low-salt solution by utilizing solar energy to assist salt difference power generation, thereby greatly reducing the water consumption of the power generation system. Meanwhile, by changing the illumination direction on the nano film, the circular power generation can be realized, and the method has sustainability.
In another embodiment, the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film excite carriers through illumination, and the carriers migrate to generate electrochemical potential energy difference to assist salt difference in power generation.
In this embodiment, due to the concentration difference between the high salt solution chamber and the low salt solution chamber, cations in the salt solution directionally move from the high salt solution chamber 5 to the low salt solution chamber 3 through the cation selective nano-film 4, and anions directionally move from the high salt solution chamber 5 to the low salt solution chamber 3 through the anion selective nano-film 6, thereby generating an ion diffusion current I caused by the salt differencesAs shown in fig. 1, since the cation selective nano-film 4 is disposed between the first low-salt solution chamber 3 and the first high-salt solution chamber 5, the low-salt solution chamber 3 is provided one more than the high-salt solution chamber 5. At the moment, the light shading plate 8 is adjusted to enable sunlight to irradiate one side of the cation selective nano film 4 and the anion selective nano film 6, the surfaces of the films absorb solar energy and excite carriers, the carriers migrate to generate electrochemical potential energy difference, cations in the saline solution directionally move from the high saline solution chamber 5 to the low saline solution chamber 3 through the cation selective nano film 4, anions directionally move from the high saline solution chamber 5 to the low saline solution chamber 3 through the anion selective nano film 6, and ion current I is generated at the same timepBecause the current directions of the two ions are the same, transmembrane ion current I-I is generated under the action of solar energy and salt difference energys+IpUntil the salt solution concentration in the high salt solution chamber and the low salt solution chamber reaches the equilibrium. At this time, the salt difference action is weakened or even reversed, cations and anions in the salt solution continue to directionally move from the high salt solution chamber 5 to the low salt solution chamber 3 through the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film under the drive of the dominant sunlight, and I ═ I is generatedp-IsCurrent flow across the membrane. Eventually, the brine concentration in the low brine chamber 3 is higher than the brine concentration in the high brine chamber 5, as shown in fig. 2, at which time the original low brine chamber 3 becomes the high brine chamber 3 ', and the original high brine chamber 5 becomes the low brine chamber 5'. Continuously adjusting the light screen pair to make the sunlight irradiate the other sides of the cation selective nano-film 4 and the anion selective nano-film 6, and at the moment, the cations and the anions in the high-salt solution chamber 3' respectively pass through the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-filmThe membrane moves directionally to the low-salinity chamber 5' to realize cyclic power generation.
In another embodiment, the cation-selective nanofilm and the anion-selective nanofilm are multilayer porous semiconductor films.
In another embodiment, the total thickness of the multilayer semiconductor film is not more than 5um, the thickness of each film is not more than 10nm, and the interlayer distance is 1-10 nm.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the photoelectric property and the cation or anion transmission property of the nano-film, so that cations or anions can selectively pass through, the total thickness of the multi-layer semiconductor film is not more than 5um, the thickness of each layer of film is not more than 10nm, the interlayer distance is 1-10nm, if the interlayer distance is too large, the double electric layer effect is not obvious, and the selective passing of cations or anions is affected.
In another embodiment, the cation-selective nanofilm and the anion-selective nanofilm include ion channels in communication with the low and high salt solution chambers.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the ion channels in the cation selective nano-film form negatively charged surface layers, when the ion channels are reduced to 1-10nm, the electric double layers of the upper and lower surface layers are overlapped, and according to the electrostatic theory, only cations can pass through the channels. Because the salt solution on the two sides of the nano film has concentration difference, cations are transferred from the high-salt solution chamber to the low-salt solution chamber through the cation selective nano channel under the drive of the salt difference energy. Meanwhile, under the left asymmetric sunlight, the surface of the membrane is excited to generate carriers (in the embodiment, the hole migration rate is greater than that of electrons, otherwise, the corresponding asymmetric sunlight irradiation direction is changed), the electrochemical potential difference is formed on the membrane by the migration rate difference, and cations are driven to migrate from the high-salinity liquid chamber to the low-salinity liquid chamber through the cation selective nanochannel. The transmembrane ionic current produced is increased by the synergistic effect of solar energy and salt difference energy.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, the ion channels in the anion selective nano-film form a positively charged surface layer, and when the ion channels are reduced to 1-10nm, the electric double layers of the upper and lower surface layers are overlapped, and according to the electrostatic theory, only anions can pass through the channels. Because the salt solution on the two sides of the nano film has concentration difference, under the drive of salt difference energy, anions are transferred from the high-salt solution chamber to the low-salt solution chamber through the anion selective nano channel. Meanwhile, under the left asymmetric sunlight, the surface of the membrane is excited to generate carriers (in the embodiment, the hole migration rate is greater than that of electrons, otherwise, the corresponding asymmetric sunlight irradiation direction is changed), the electrochemical potential difference is formed on the membrane by the migration rate difference, and anions are driven to migrate from the high-salinity liquid chamber to the low-salinity liquid chamber through the anion selective nanochannel. The transmembrane ionic current produced is increased by the synergistic effect of solar energy and salt difference energy.
In another embodiment, the ion channel has a length of no more than 15 mm.
In the embodiment, in order to reduce the membrane resistance and maintain the cation or anion transmission performance, the length of the ion channel is not more than 15mm, otherwise, the too long ion channel can cause the membrane resistance to increase, thereby influencing the passing of cations or anions.
In another embodiment, the shading plate is made of heat insulating material, and comprises any one of the following components: polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, fiberglass.
In another embodiment, the system further comprises a signal acquisition device, the signal acquisition device comprises a first electrode 1, a second electrode 2 and a signal collector 7, and the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are connected with the signal collector 7 and are used for acquiring a current signal of the system and adjusting the light shielding plate according to the current signal.
In this embodiment, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively disposed in the first saline solution chamber and the last saline solution chamber of the power generation system, and when cations and anions in the high saline solution chamber move to the low saline solution chamber under the action of electrochemical potential energy difference until the system current changes direction, the signal collector collects system current signals through the first electrode and the second electrode and controls the light shielding plate to move, so that the originally shielded side of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film receives illumination, and the cations and the anions in the saline solution move in a reverse directional manner, thereby realizing cyclic power generation. In order to keep the electric neutrality of the salt solution, electrochemical oxidation-reduction reactions occur on the surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode, and generated electrons are transferred through an external load circuit.
In another embodiment, the present disclosure further provides a solar-assisted enhanced salt-difference cycle power generation method, including the following steps:
s100: adjusting a light shielding plate to simultaneously shield one part of the cation selective nano film and the anion selective nano film and illuminate the other part of the cation selective nano film and the anion selective nano film;
s200: the illuminated parts of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film excite carriers and migrate to generate electrochemical potential energy difference;
s300: under the combined action of electrochemical potential energy difference and salt difference, cations and anions in the high-salt solution chamber respectively move to the low-salt solution chamber through the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film until the salt difference between the high-salt solution chamber and the low-salt solution chamber is 0;
s400: keeping illumination unchanged, and continuously moving cations and anions in the high-salt solution chamber to the low-salt solution chamber under the action of electrochemical potential energy difference until the direction of system current is changed, wherein at the moment, the salt solution concentration of the low-salt solution chamber is higher than that of the high-salt solution chamber;
s500: and collecting a system current signal, adjusting a light shielding plate to simultaneously shield the other parts of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film, and repeating the steps S200 to S400.
The foregoing describes the general principles of the present application in conjunction with specific embodiments, however, it is noted that the advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are merely examples and are not limiting, and they should not be considered essential to the various embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the foregoing disclosure of specific details is for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to be limiting, since the foregoing disclosure is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise details disclosed.
The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit embodiments of the application to the form disclosed herein. While a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of skill in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions and sub-combinations thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A solar-assisted enhanced salt-difference cycle power generation system, comprising: a power generation device and an auxiliary power generation device; wherein,
the power generation device comprises a plurality of low-salt solution chambers, a plurality of high-salt solution chambers and a plurality of cation-selective nano-membranes and anion-selective nano-membranes;
the low-salt liquid chambers and the high-salt liquid chambers are alternately arranged, and the number of the low-salt liquid chambers is one more than that of the high-salt liquid chambers or the number of the high-salt liquid chambers is one more than that of the low-salt liquid chambers;
the cation selective nano-membranes and the anion selective nano-membranes are the same in number, sealed by methyl silicone oil and alternately arranged between the adjacent low-salt liquid chambers and high-salt liquid chambers;
the auxiliary power generation device comprises a movable light shielding plate for shielding one part of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film so that sunlight irradiates the other part of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein preferably the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film excite carriers by illumination, and the carriers migrate to generate electrochemical potential energy difference to assist in salt difference power generation.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the cation-selective nanofilm and the anion-selective nanofilm are multilayer porous semiconductor films.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the total thickness of the multilayer semiconductor thin film is no more than 5um, the thickness of each thin film is no more than 10nm, and the interlayer spacing is 1-10 nm.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the cation-selective nano-membrane and the anion-selective nano-membrane comprise ion channels in communication with the low-salt liquid chamber and the high-salt liquid chamber.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the ion channel length is no more than 15 mm.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the shutter plate is thermally insulating material, including any of: polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, fiberglass.
8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a signal acquisition device, wherein the signal acquisition device comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a signal collector, and the first electrode and the second electrode are connected to the signal collector and are configured to acquire a current signal of the system and adjust the light shielding plate according to the current signal.
9. A method of cyclic power generation according to the system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s100: adjusting a light shielding plate to simultaneously shield one part of the cation selective nano film and the anion selective nano film and illuminate the other part of the cation selective nano film and the anion selective nano film;
s200: the illuminated parts of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film excite carriers and migrate to generate electrochemical potential energy difference;
s300: under the combined action of electrochemical potential energy difference and salt difference, cations and anions in the high-salt solution chamber respectively move to the low-salt solution chamber through the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film until the salt difference between the high-salt solution chamber and the low-salt solution chamber is 0;
s400: keeping illumination unchanged, and continuously moving cations and anions in the high-salt solution chamber to the low-salt solution chamber under the action of electrochemical potential energy difference until the direction of system current is changed, wherein at the moment, the salt solution concentration of the low-salt solution chamber is higher than that of the high-salt solution chamber;
s500: and collecting a system current signal, adjusting a light shielding plate to simultaneously shield the other parts of the cation selective nano-film and the anion selective nano-film, and repeating the steps S200 to S400.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the cation-selective nanofilm and anion-selective nanofilm are multilayer porous semiconductor films.
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