CN111628295A - Chiral super surface based on multi-crack square-ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission - Google Patents
Chiral super surface based on multi-crack square-ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission Download PDFInfo
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microwaves, and discloses a chiral super-surface based on multi-crack square-ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission, which comprises a plurality of polarization units which are periodically arranged on the same plane to form a rectangular array, wherein each polarization unit comprises a dielectric substrate, a front resonance structure and a back resonance structure; according to the invention, through the combination of the front resonant structure and the front resonant structure, a wider working frequency band is realized by using a simple pattern resonant structure, the manufacturing cost of the polarization unit is reduced, the size area of the polarization unit is reduced, and the extremely high conversion efficiency can be realized in a Ku wave band to convert x or y polarization incident waves into orthogonal polarization transmission waves of the x or y polarization incident waves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwaves, in particular to a chiral super-surface based on multi-crack square-ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission.
Background
Polarization is an important property of electromagnetic waves, and is a trace characteristic of the change of an electric field E with time during the propagation of the electromagnetic wave. The polarization state of the electromagnetic wave can be an ellipse, a line and a circle according to different tracks. It plays an important role in the signal transmission process. With the rapid development of information technology, the polarization of electromagnetic waves is widely used in various fields, especially military equipment. Therefore, it is very important to effectively control the polarization mode and state of the electromagnetic wave. The traditional operation of adjusting the polarization state of the electromagnetic wave is usually realized by using the birefringence effect of natural materials, such as gratings, dichroic crystals, etc., which all have certain limitations, such as too large volume, low efficiency, large energy loss, low integration level, etc.
Chiral super Surfaces (CMMs) are super surfaces with chiral features. It does not have a plane of symmetry, i.e. it cannot coincide with its mirror image based on transformations such as translation, rotation and rotation. The material has unusual characteristics that natural materials do not have, and has been used in many fields such as negative refractive index, perfect lens, stealth, and anomalous refraction/reflection. Due to the characteristics of circular dichroism, optical rotation and the like, the method is considered to be a new way for realizing efficient polarization rotation. Compared with the traditional polarization rotator, the polarization rotator with the basic chiral super-surface has the characteristics of simple structure, small size, light weight, easy integration and the like. The chiral super-surface is easily processed by adopting a mature standard printed circuit board process and a photoetching process.
Asymmetric Transmission (AT) refers to the phenomenon in which the ratio of electromagnetic wave energy propagating from one side of a structural material to the other is significantly different from that propagating in the opposite direction. This particular physical phenomenon of polarization conversion was first observed in 2006 by v.a.fedotov et al at the university of south ampton, uk and its presence was subsequently verified experimentally in two years. The AT effect, which is different from the faraday effect, occurs without an electrostatic field. In recent years, many research designs with excellent performance emerge at home and abroad, however, the designs all have the defects of complex structure, narrow bandwidth and low conversion efficiency, which limits the application of the design in practical engineering to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems, the invention provides the chiral super-surface based on multi-crack square-ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission, by combining the front resonant structure and the front resonant structure, a wider working frequency band is realized by using a simple pattern resonant structure, the manufacturing cost of a polarization unit is reduced, the size area of the polarization unit is reduced, x-polarization (y-polarization) incident waves can be converted into orthogonal-polarization transmission waves at a Ku wave band with extremely high conversion efficiency (more than 80%), the working mode is more efficient and broadband, compared with the traditional method for realizing the polarization transmission waves by using a plurality of different complex-size resonant structures, the invention has the advantages of simpler and more compact structure and easier integration, can be realized by using the existing mature standard printed circuit board process and photoetching process, and is easy to process and manufacture.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the chiral super-surface based on multi-crack square ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission comprises a plurality of polarization units which are periodically arranged on the same plane to form a rectangular array, and a plurality of polarization units which are periodically arranged on the same plane to form the rectangular array, wherein each polarization unit comprises a dielectric substrate, a front side resonance structure positioned on the front side of the dielectric substrate and a back side resonance structure positioned on the back side of the dielectric substrate; the centers of the dielectric substrate, the front side resonance structure and the back side resonance structure are positioned on the same vertical line;
the front resonant structure is obtained by forming three cracks on a square ring in the vertical direction and the oblique diagonal direction;
the back resonant structure is obtained by rotating the front resonant structure around the center of the graph by 90 degrees anticlockwise and then turning the front resonant structure by 180 degrees, and the geometrical size of the back resonant structure is completely the same as that of the front resonant structure.
Furthermore, the dielectric substrate is a polytetrafluoroethylene high-frequency board or an FR-4 substrate.
Furthermore, the dielectric substrate is a polytetrafluoroethylene high-frequency plate, the dielectric constant of the polytetrafluoroethylene high-frequency plate is 2.65, and the loss tangent angle of the polytetrafluoroethylene high-frequency plate is 0.0015.
Further, the period length of the polarization unit is 10 mm; the thickness t of the dielectric substrate is 1.5mm, and the thickness of the front resonant structure and the thickness of the back resonant structure are 0.035 mm.
Furthermore, when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the plane of the dielectric substrate, the number of the polarization units repeated in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction is equal, that is, the formed periodic array is a square array.
Furthermore, the number of the repeated polarization units is not less than 20 × 20 to 400.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention realizes a wider working frequency band by using a simple pattern resonance structure, can realize extremely high conversion efficiency (more than 80 percent) in a Ku wave band to convert x-polarized (y-polarized) incident waves into orthogonal-polarized transmitted waves, and has more efficient and broadband working modes compared with the traditional transmitted waves.
2. The invention can realize the working frequency band with the relative bandwidth of 36 percent only by a single simple resonance structure, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the polarization unit, reduces the size area of the polarization unit, has the side length of the polarization unit of only 0.48 lambda (wherein lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency), and has the advantages of simpler and more compact structure and easier integration compared with the traditional method for realizing polarized transmission wave by utilizing a plurality of resonance structures with different complex sizes.
3. Compared with the traditional polarization rotator with a multilayer structure, the chiral super-surface of the invention has lighter and thinner volume and is easy to process and manufacture, and the chiral super-surface of the invention is of a double-layer structure, and the thickness of the chiral super-surface is only 0.07 lambda (wherein lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency).
4. The working frequency band of the invention can realize frequency band translation by changing the structural parameters of the polarization unit, and can be flexibly changed according to the actual requirements in engineering application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a chiral super-surface based on multi-split square ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission in examples 1 and 2;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the cell structure of the chiral super-surface based on multi-split square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transport in examples 1 and 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front resonant structure of the chiral super-surface based on multi-split square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transmission in examples 1 and 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a back-side resonant structure of the chiral super-surface based on multi-split square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transmission in examples 1 and 2;
FIG. 5 is a simulation curve of forward (+ z) transmission of a chiral super-surface based on multi-split square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transmission in example 2;
FIG. 6 is a reverse (-z) transmission simulation curve of the forward (+ z) transmission simulation curve of the chiral super-surface based on multi-split square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transmission in example 2;
FIG. 7 is an AT coefficient simulation curve of the chiral super-surface based on multi-split square ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission in example 2;
FIG. 8 is a simulation curve of total transmission of a chiral super-surface based on multi-split square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transmission in example 2;
FIG. 9 is the transmission conversion ratio PCR of the chiral super surface based on multi-split square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transmission in example 2.
1-1, a dielectric substrate; 1-2, a front resonant structure; 1-3, back side resonance structure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-4, the chiral super-surface based on multi-crack square ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission comprises a plurality of polarization units periodically arranged on the same plane to form a rectangular array, wherein each polarization unit comprises a dielectric substrate 1-1, a front-side resonance structure 1-2 located on the front side of the dielectric substrate 1-1, and a front-side resonance structure 1-3 located on the back side of the dielectric substrate 1-1; the centers of the dielectric substrate 1-1, the front-side resonant structure 1-2 and the front-side resonant structure 1-3 are positioned on the same vertical line;
the front-side resonant structure 1-2 is obtained by forming three cracks on a square ring in the vertical direction and the diagonal direction;
the front-side resonant structure 1-3 is obtained by rotating the front-side resonant structure 1-2 around the center of the graph by 90 degrees anticlockwise and then turning the front-side resonant structure by 180 degrees, and the geometric dimension of the front-side resonant structure is completely the same as that of the front-side resonant structure 1-2.
In this embodiment, when the electromagnetic wave vertically irradiates the front surface of the chiral super-surface, the electric field energy in the electromagnetic wave is coupled into the front resonant structure 1-2 through strong electric coupling and magnetic coupling effect, and then coupled into the front resonant structure 1-3 through the near-field coupling effect by the front resonant structure 1-2, and at the same time, the conversion from the incident linearly polarized wave to the orthogonally polarized wave is completed, and finally the orthogonally polarized transmitted wave is radiated from the front resonant structure 1-3. Through the combination of the front resonant structure 1-2 and the front resonant structure 1-3, a wider working frequency band is realized by using a simple pattern resonant structure, the manufacturing cost of the polarization unit is reduced, the size area of the polarization unit is reduced, and x-polarization (y-polarization) incident waves can be converted into orthogonal-polarization transmission waves at a Ku wave band with extremely high conversion efficiency (more than 80 percent), so that the working mode is more efficient and broadband, compared with the traditional method for realizing the polarization transmission waves by using a plurality of resonant structures with different complex sizes, the invention has the advantages of simpler and more compact structure and easier integration, can be realized by using the existing mature standard printed circuit board process and photoetching process, and is easy to process and manufacture; and the working frequency band of the polarized super surface is determined by the size parameters of the front resonant structure 1-2 and the front resonant structure 1-3, the working frequency band can realize frequency band translation by changing the structural parameters of the polarization unit, and the working frequency band can be flexibly changed according to the actual requirements in engineering application.
The dielectric substrate 1-1 in this embodiment is a teflon high frequency board or an FR-4 substrate. When viewed from a direction perpendicular to the plane of the dielectric substrate 1-1, the number of the polarization units repeated in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction is equal, that is, the formed periodic array is a square array. And the number of the repeated polarization units is not less than 20 multiplied by 20 to 400, so that periodic array response can be realized.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-9, the chiral super-surface based on multi-crack square ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission includes a plurality of polarization units periodically arranged on the same plane to form a rectangular array, each polarization unit includes a dielectric substrate 1-1, a front-side resonance structure 1-2 located on the front side of the dielectric substrate 1-1, and a front-side resonance structure 1-3 located on the back side of the dielectric substrate 1-1; the centers of the dielectric substrate 1-1, the front-side resonant structure 1-2 and the front-side resonant structure 1-3 are positioned on the same vertical line;
in the embodiment, the dielectric substrate 1-1 is a polytetrafluoroethylene high-frequency plate, the dielectric constant of the polytetrafluoroethylene high-frequency plate is 2.65, the loss tangent angle is 0.0015, and the thickness t of the dielectric substrate 1-1 is 1.5 mm; the transverse length and the longitudinal length of the polarization unit are the same as each other when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the plane of the dielectric substrate 1-1, the side length P of the polarization unit is defined as the period length, the period length P of the polarization unit is 10mm, and the number of the polarization units is 625 (25 × 25); the front-side resonance structure 1-2 and the front-side resonance structure 1-3 are both copper foils with the thickness of 0.035 mm.
The front-side resonant structure 1-2 is obtained by forming three cracks on a square ring in the vertical direction and the diagonal direction; the side length S of the square ring is 9mm, and the width W of the square ring1Is 1.5 mm. Width of crack W2Is 1 mm. In order to enable the super-surface structure to have chiral characteristics, the front-side resonant structure 1-3 is obtained by rotating the front-side resonant structure 1-2 around the center of a graph by 90 degrees anticlockwise and then turning the front-side resonant structure by 180 degrees, and the size parameters of the front-side resonant structure are completely the same.
Fig. 5 shows a simulation curve of the forward (+ z) transmission coefficient of the chiral super-surface based on multi-crack square ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission in this embodiment, and the simulation result is calculated by a finite element method using commercial simulation software HFSS. As shown in fig. 5, the abscissa represents frequency in GHz; the ordinate represents the transmission coefficient in dB. As can be seen from the figure, the simulation curve has two co-polarization transmission curves Txx and Tyy (Txx and Tyy coincide in the present embodiment), and two cross-polarization transmission curves Tyx and Txy. From the simulation diagram, the maximum Txy value can reach 0.97, and the transmission coefficient amplitude of the band from 11.78GHz to 16.96GHz is larger than 0.8, which means that the y-polarized electromagnetic wave irradiates on the super-surface from the positive direction (+ z), and the x-polarized electromagnetic wave is efficiently converted. In contrast, the value of Tyx is very small, with a maximum of 0.16 in the range of 11.78GHz to 16.96GHz, meaning that x-polarized electromagnetic waves impinge on the super-surface from the positive (+ z) direction with little energy transfer. In addition, the curve values of the two co-polarization transmission coefficients are relatively very small, and the maximum value does not exceed 0.2. The inventive super-surface is shown to have good asymmetric transmission characteristics.
Fig. 6 shows a simulation curve of the forward (-z) transmission coefficient of the chiral super-surface based on multi-crack square ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission in this embodiment, and the simulation result is also calculated by a finite element method using commercial simulation software HFSS. The simulation also expresses four curves of Txx, Tyx, Tyy and Txy. It should be noted that the curves are identical to the shape of fig. 5, but the curves are different from the representative curves, which obeys the reciprocity principle of electromagnetic waves.
Fig. 7 is a simulation curve of the non-transmission coefficient of the chiral super-surface based on the multi-crack square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transmission in the present embodiment. The Asymmetry Transmission (AT) coefficient is a major measure of the non-Transmission characteristics. From fig. 7, it can be seen that the invention well achieves linearly polarized asymmetric transmission, while circularly polarized asymmetric transmission is not achieved at all.
Fig. 8 shows the total polarization wave transmission coefficient of the chiral super-surface based on multi-crack square ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission in this embodiment. The total transmission coefficient of the x-polarized wave and the total transmission coefficient of the y-polarized wave were simulated with the positive direction (+ z) as the incident direction.
FIG. 9 shows polarization transformation ratio of the polarized super-surface based on multi-split square ring transmission type according to the present invention. The polarization conversion efficiency of x-polarized waves and the polarization conversion efficiency of y-polarized waves were simulated with the positive direction (+ z) as the incident direction.
The above is an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiments and specific parameters in the embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the verification process of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. Chiral super surface based on multi-crack square ring linear polarization asymmetric transmission, its characterized in that: the polarization unit comprises a plurality of polarization units which are periodically arranged on the same plane to form a rectangular array, wherein each polarization unit comprises a dielectric substrate (1-1), a front side resonance structure (1-2) positioned on the front side of the dielectric substrate (1-1) and a back side resonance structure (1-3) positioned on the back side of the dielectric substrate (1-1); the centers of the dielectric substrate (1-1), the front side resonance structure (1-2) and the back side resonance structure (1-3) are positioned on the same vertical line;
the front-side resonance structure (1-2) is obtained by forming three cracks on a square ring in the vertical direction and the diagonal direction;
the back resonant structure (1-3) is obtained by rotating the front resonant structure (1-2) around the center of the graph by 90 degrees anticlockwise and then turning by 180 degrees, and the geometrical size of the back resonant structure is completely the same as that of the front resonant structure (1-2).
2. The chiral metasurface based on multi-split square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transmission of claim 1, wherein: the dielectric substrate (1-1) is a polytetrafluoroethylene high-frequency board or an FR-4 substrate.
3. The chiral meta-surface based on multi-split square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transport of claim 2, wherein: the dielectric substrate (1-1) is a polytetrafluoroethylene high-frequency plate, the dielectric constant of the polytetrafluoroethylene high-frequency plate is 2.65, and the loss tangent angle of the polytetrafluoroethylene high-frequency plate is 0.0015.
4. The chiral metasurface based on multi-split square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transmission of claim 1, wherein: the period length of the polarization unit is 10 mm; the thickness t of the dielectric substrate (1-1) is 1.5mm, and the thicknesses of the front side resonance structure (1-2) and the back side resonance structure (1-3) are 0.035 mm.
5. The chiral metasurface based on multi-split square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transmission of claim 1, wherein: the number of the polarization units in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction is equal when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the plane of the dielectric substrate (1-1), namely, the formed periodic array is a square array.
6. The chiral metasurface based on multi-split square ring linearly polarized asymmetric transmission of claim 5, wherein: the number of the repeated polarization units is not less than 20 multiplied by 20 to 400.
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| CN113126185A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-16 | 东南大学 | Optical thin film structure for realizing asymmetric transmission |
| CN113328252A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-31 | 贵州大学 | Method for generating orbital angular momentum vortex beams on cylindrical surface array and conical surface array |
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