Preparation method of liquid lithium ion pole piece battery pack
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a preparation method of a liquid lithium ion pole piece battery pack.
Background
With the popularization and application of new energy automobiles and 5G technologies, the intelligent society has entered the daily life of people, and the demand on the quantity of off-grid energy storage power supplies is increasingly greater and the quality requirement is increasingly higher. Batteries are of great interest as energy storage devices with respect to safety, service life, and overall life cost. The problems of leakage, ignition, attenuation, low energy density and high cost of the liquid lithium ion battery become important bottlenecks in the application.
The ultimate application of battery products, particularly power supplies and energy storage supplies, is battery packs. The preparation of the traditional battery PACK requires that a single battery CELL is manufactured firstly, the single battery CELL is subjected to liquid injection, sealing, formation, packaging, aging, capacity grading and sorting, then the single battery CELL is connected in series and in parallel to form a MODULE, and then the MODULE is assembled to form a finished battery PACK (CELL to MODULE to PACK, abbreviated as CTP). The manufacturing process is not only tedious in process steps, resulting in poor consistency of finished batteries, but also requires a large number of connecting pieces in the process of forming modules and packaging, thereby resulting in the defects of more components, high material and energy consumption, low energy density and power density, poor consistency of single battery cells, short cycle life, complex and tedious preparation process, low production efficiency, high manufacturing cost and the like of the traditional battery pack, and therefore, the technical threshold of production and preparation is higher, and the industrial popularization is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a liquid lithium ion pole piece battery pack.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is to provide a preparation method of a liquid lithium ion pole piece battery pack, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing a pole piece capacity unit;
step 2, preparing the lithium ion pole piece battery pack to be injected with liquid and activated: connecting the negative tab of the capacity unit of one pole piece capacity unit with the positive tab of the capacity unit of one or the next pole piece capacity unit, and further sequentially connecting all the pole piece capacity units end to form a series structure with positive and negative connection; a total positive terminal of the battery pack is led out from a positive lug of a capacity unit of the first pole piece capacity unit; a total negative terminal of the battery pack is led out of a negative lug of the capacity unit of the last pole piece capacity unit; a multifunctional voltage acquisition wire harness is connected to a positive tab of the capacity unit or a negative tab of the capacity unit between two adjacent pole piece capacity units; the positive tab of the capacity unit of the first pole piece capacity unit is connected with a multifunctional voltage acquisition wire harness, and the negative tab of the capacity unit of the last pole piece capacity unit is connected with the multifunctional voltage acquisition wire harness; an insulating impermeable film is arranged between every two adjacent pole piece capacity units, so that each pole piece capacity unit is separated independently to form an independent unit, and a lithium ion pole piece battery pack to be activated by liquid injection is obtained;
step 3, liquid injection: connecting a total positive terminal of the battery pack with a positive bus, and connecting a total negative terminal of the battery pack with a negative bus; leading out the temperature and the air pressure condition of the external connection wire heads of the multifunctional voltage acquisition wire harness, the anode bus and the cathode bus outside a sealable environment, wherein the temperature and the air pressure condition are controllable; then sealing and introducing protective gas to form a sealed protective gas environment with controllable temperature and gas pressure conditions, and injecting liquid into the sealed protective gas environment;
and 4, activating: evacuating redundant electrolyte, connecting an external connection terminal of the multifunctional voltage acquisition wire harness, the positive bus and the negative bus with activation equipment, and activating in a closed protective gas environment with controllable temperature and gas pressure conditions;
and 5, after activation, forming a filling type sealed packaging shell which hermetically packages all the periphery outside the battery pack and fills all the residual space inside the battery pack through filling type sealed packaging, so that the isolation of the battery pack from the external environment and the fixation of the battery pack components are realized, and the liquid lithium ion pole piece battery pack is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) compared with the traditional process route, the method simplifies the traditional battery pack manufacturing process into stacking, welding, liquid injection, activation and packaging, shortens the process route, improves the productivity, enables the preparation of the battery pack to be controlled more easily, realizes the series formation of the whole battery pack in the same environment, improves the consistency among the single battery cores and improves the performance of the battery pack.
(2) The improvement of the traditional process realizes the de-coring and de-modularity of the liquid lithium ion pole piece battery pack and improves the energy density and the power density.
(3) The invention directly assembles the positive and negative POLE PIECEs of the battery into a liquid lithium ion POLE PIECE battery PACK (LIB PTP), solves the problems of long process route, complex process, low production efficiency, more consumables, large consumption of auxiliary raw materials and battery PACK accessories, low energy density, high cost, long cycle life, high kilowatt-hour investment density, poor safety and the like in the preparation process of the traditional liquid lithium ion POLE PIECE battery PACK, and has the remarkable advantages of short process route, less consumables, high efficiency, high yield and low manufacturing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an internal schematic view of an overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stacking unit according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a main positive terminal of the battery pack; 2. a total negative terminal of the battery pack; 3. a filled hermetic package housing; 4. a pole piece capacity unit; 5. a multifunctional voltage acquisition wire harness; 6. a positive tab of the capacity unit; 7. a capacity cell negative tab; 8. an insulating impermeable film; 41. a positive tab of the pole piece; 42. a positive plate; 43. an isolation film; 44. a negative plate; 45. and a pole piece cathode lug.
Detailed Description
Specific examples of the present invention are given below. The specific examples are only intended to illustrate the invention in further detail and do not limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.
The invention provides a preparation method (method for short) of a liquid lithium ion pole piece battery pack, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing a pole piece capacity unit 4: after the plurality of positive plates 42, the plurality of negative plates 44 and the plurality of isolating films 43 are cut, the end part of each positive plate 42 is a positive plate tab 41, the end part of each negative plate 44 is a negative plate tab 45, one isolating film 43 is adhered between each positive plate 42 and each negative plate 44, and the positive plates 42 and the negative plates 44 are stacked in this way to obtain a stacking unit; a plurality of stacking units are connected in parallel to form a pole piece capacity unit 4; obtaining a plurality of pole piece capacity units 4 according to the method, wherein the capacity of each pole piece capacity unit 4 is the same;
the positive pole piece tabs 41 of all the stacking units of each pole piece capacity unit 4 are connected into a capacity unit positive tab 6 through an ultrasonic welding process, and the negative pole piece tabs 45 of all the stacking units of each pole piece capacity unit 4 are connected into a capacity unit negative tab 7 through an ultrasonic welding process;
preferably, the positive tab 41 can be made of aluminum foil, microporous aluminum foil or aluminum mesh film; the positive plate 42 can be lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, ternary lithium or lithium iron phosphate positive plate; the isolating film 43 can adopt a PP, PE or PET lithium ion permeable electronic insulating microporous film; the negative electrode sheet 44 can be artificial graphite, natural graphite, mesocarbon microbeads, a silicon-carbon composite material or a lithium titanate negative electrode sheet; the pole piece negative electrode tab 45 can be made of copper foil, microporous copper foil or copper net film.
Step 2, preparing the lithium ion pole piece battery pack to be injected with liquid and activated: connecting the negative tab 7 of the capacity unit of one pole piece capacity unit 4 with the positive tab 6 of the capacity unit of the next pole piece capacity unit 4 through an ultrasonic welding process, and further sequentially connecting all the pole piece capacity units 4 end to end one by one to form a series structure with positive and negative connection, so that the output voltage level of the battery pack is improved; a total positive terminal block 1 of the battery pack is led out from a positive lug 6 of the capacity unit of the first pole piece capacity unit 4; the capacity unit negative electrode tab 7 of the last pole piece capacity unit 4 leads out the total negative electrode wiring terminal 2 of the battery pack; a multifunctional voltage acquisition wire harness 5 is connected to a capacity unit positive lug 6 or a capacity unit negative lug 7 between two adjacent pole piece capacity units 4 through an ultrasonic welding process; the positive tab 6 of the capacity unit of the first pole piece capacity unit 4 is connected with a multifunctional voltage acquisition wire harness 5 through an ultrasonic welding process, and the negative tab 7 of the capacity unit of the last pole piece capacity unit 4 is connected with the multifunctional voltage acquisition wire harness 5 through an ultrasonic welding process; an insulating impermeable membrane 8 is arranged between two adjacent pole piece capacity units 4, so that each pole piece capacity unit 4 is separated independently to form an independent unit, the electrolytes of each pole piece capacity unit 4 are ensured not to be communicated, and a lithium ion pole piece battery pack to be activated by liquid injection is obtained;
preferably, the insulating impermeable film 8 is made of PE, PET, PP, epoxy resin or mica sheet, and has a thickness of 0.1 mm-3 mm.
Step 3, liquid injection: clamping the lithium ion pole piece battery pack to be injected and activated obtained in the step (2) in a sealable environment with controllable conditions such as temperature, air pressure and the like so that the position of the lithium ion pole piece battery pack to be injected and activated is fixed; connecting a total positive terminal 1 of the battery pack with a positive bus through a welding fixing piece, and connecting a total negative terminal 2 of the battery pack with a negative bus through a welding fixing piece; then leading out the temperature, the air pressure and other conditions of the multifunctional voltage acquisition wire harness 5, the anode bus and the cathode bus to the external wire connector outside the sealable environment, wherein the conditions are controllable; then, sealing and introducing protective gas such as nitrogen to form a sealed protective gas environment with controllable conditions such as temperature and air pressure, drying and injecting lithium ion electrolyte (drying and injecting liquid firstly, in the embodiment, the dried lithium ion pole piece battery pack to be activated by injecting liquid is soaked in the lithium ion electrolyte for full infiltration);
and 4, activating: after the liquid injection is finished, the redundant electrolyte is emptied, the battery pack is clamped, an external connection wire head of the multifunctional voltage acquisition wire harness 5, the positive bus and the negative bus is connected with an activation device, and high-voltage constant-current and constant-voltage segmented charge and discharge activation is carried out in a closed protective gas environment (the heating and pressurizing condition in the embodiment) with controllable conditions such as temperature, air pressure and the like;
the activation conditions are: activating direct current voltage of 5V-1000V (preferably 5V-750V), temperature of 30-65 ℃ (preferably 45-60 ℃), and air pressure of 150-250 kpa; the activating device can adopt an automatic adjustable constant-current constant-voltage direct-current power supply.
And 5, after activation, forming a filling type sealed packaging shell 3 which hermetically packages all the periphery outside the battery pack and fills all the residual space inside the battery pack through filling type sealed packaging, so that the isolation of the battery pack from the external environment and the fixation of the battery pack components are realized, and the liquid lithium ion pole piece battery pack is obtained.
Preferably, before the electrolyte injection in the step 3, the lithium ion pole piece battery pack to be activated by the electrolyte injection obtained in the step 2 can be subjected to semi-filling type closed packaging, so that the design can reduce the risk of electrolyte intercommunication; the semi-filled hermetic package is: at least one of the four surfaces perpendicular to the insulating impermeable film 8, which is not provided with the capacity unit positive electrode tab 6 and the capacity unit negative electrode tab 7, is not subjected to filling type sealing packaging for immersion of the electrolyte (i.e. at least one of the front and back surfaces in fig. 1 is not subjected to filling type sealing packaging); meanwhile, the battery pack total positive terminal connecting terminal 1, the battery pack total negative terminal connecting terminal 2 and the multifunctional voltage acquisition wiring harness 5 are positioned through the sealed packaging surface, and an external terminal is reserved on the outer side of the sealed packaging surface.
When the semi-filling type closed packaging is adopted, in the step 5, only the surface which is not subjected to the filling type closed packaging is subjected to the filling type closed packaging, and then the filling type closed packaging shell 3 is combined with the semi-filling type closed packaging; when the semi-filling type closed packaging is not adopted, in the step 5, the periphery of the outside of the battery pack is completely closed packaged through the filling type closed packaging, and all residual spaces in the battery pack are filled to form a filling type closed packaging shell 3, and meanwhile, the battery pack total positive terminal 1, the battery pack total negative terminal 2 and the multifunctional voltage acquisition wiring harness 5 are positioned through the filling type closed packaging shell 3, and an external connector is reserved on the outer side of the filling type closed packaging shell 3.
The external connector posts of the battery pack total positive terminal connecting terminal 1 and the battery pack total negative terminal connecting terminal 2 are respectively connected with the positive bus and the negative bus through welding fixing pieces.
The filling type sealed package is used for filling and sealing the periphery and the inner gap of the battery pack in an injection molding solidification, foaming solidification or liquid injection solidification mode through a filling sealing material; the filling sealing material is made of PP, PE, PU, ABS or epoxy resin and other insulating heat-resistant, weather-resistant, solvent-resistant and flame-retardant high polymer materials.
Preferably, the obtained liquid lithium ion pole piece battery pack is connected with an electric appliance and a battery management system to be made into a charging and discharging energy storage power supply.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.