CN111627780A

CN111627780A - Be applied to switching power supply's SMD fuse

Info

Publication number: CN111627780A
Application number: CN202010659386.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋明明; 刘凤涛
Original assignee: Tangshan Hangyu Electric Power & Electronic Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Tangshan Hangyu Electric Power & Electronic Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-09
Filing date: 2020-07-09
Publication date: 2020-09-04

Abstract

The invention relates to a patch type fuse applied to a switching power supply. The invention includes a fuse replacing part and a fuse welding part; the fuse replacing part comprises an upper substrate, a fuse main body and a buckle of a lock catch; the fuse main body is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the upper substrate; the slot body inserting part of the fuse main body is exposed out of the lower part of the upper base plate; the buckle of the lock catch is connected to the lower part of the upper base plate; the fuse welding part comprises a lower substrate, a first end surface electrode, a second end surface electrode, a metal slot and a clamping slot of a lock catch; the first end face electrode and the second end face electrode are respectively fixed at the left end and the right end of the lower substrate; the metal slot is arranged at the upper part of the lower base plate and is used for being inserted into the slot body insertion part; the clamping groove of the lock catch is connected to the upper portion of the lower base plate. The fuse protector has quick and clean fusing capability, and can meet the requirements of developers on a plurality of fuses or the requirements of multi-stage fusing on parallel connection of different fusing currents.

Description

Be applied to switching power supply's SMD fuse

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuses, in particular to a patch type fuse applied to a switching power supply.

Background

With the development of power electronic technology, power modules are widely applied in various fields, and a switching power supply gradually replaces a linear power supply and becomes a mainstream power supply. The power of the equipment is mainly provided by a switching power supply, and one of the performance indexes of the switching power supply is the use of a fuse.

The fuse is a common electrical component and plays a role in protecting a circuit. When a general fuse circuit is overloaded, the fuse element is heated by fusing current to fuse the fuse element quickly, so that the circuit is disconnected to realize circuit protection. The surface-mounted overcurrent fuse has the characteristics of small size, convenience in installation and the like, when the current in the circuit exceeds the safety value of equipment use, the fuse wire in the surface-mounted overcurrent fuse connected in series in the circuit can be fused due to excessive heating of the current, the circuit is disconnected in time, and the damage of a switching power supply in the circuit is avoided.

With the increasing and decreasing of the switching power supplies, the convenience, safety, reliability and circuit protection of the fuse are more and more emphasized by research and development personnel and users. In particular, in the protection of switching power supplies, strict requirements of the switching power supplies need to be met: the fuse should be clean in nature, have high resistance after rupture, be in the encapsulation inside the whole fusing process, have good characteristics of suppressing arcs, and be able to withstand shock and vibration. Because the SMD fuse of different fusing currents need be changed to smart machine in the debugging process, also can need the parallelly connected use or the multistage fusing of fuse to use simultaneously, because the needs of debugging, the change fuse that should be can be quick guarantees the efficiency of research and development.

However, due to the limitation of the number of times of soldering the pads of the PCB, it is necessary to avoid the frequent heat soldering of the pads of the fuse as much as possible. The breaking capability is the maximum current value at which the fuse can safely break a circuit at a rated voltage and is not broken. A quick and clean separation is required when the fuse blows. Is not affected by others. However, the existing patch fuse only has one fuse wire and only one fusing current, if the existing patch fuse is used in parallel or needs multi-stage fusing, a plurality of fuses are needed to be connected in parallel or combined to form multi-stage fusing, so that not only is the space of a PCB wasted, but also the time is delayed, and meanwhile, the existing patch fuse can not be fused quickly and cleanly due to the limitation of materials and space. In addition, once the existing fuse is damaged, the whole fuse can only be replaced, which is not only troublesome, but also affects the service life of the PCB.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the patch fuse applied to the switching power supply, which has the quick and clean fusing capability and can meet the requirement of a developer on a plurality of fuses or the requirement of multi-stage fusing for parallel connection of different fusing currents.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: a patch type fuse applied to a switching power supply comprises a fuse replacing part and a fuse welding part;

the fuse replacing part comprises an upper substrate, a fuse main body and a buckle of a lock catch; the fuse main bodies are fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the upper substrate; the slot body inserting part of the fuse main body is exposed out of the lower part of the upper base plate; the buckle of the lock catch is connected to the lower part of the upper substrate;

the fuse welding part comprises a lower substrate, a first end surface electrode, a second end surface electrode, a metal slot and a clamping slot of a lock catch; the first end face electrode and the second end face electrode are respectively fixed at the left end and the right end of the lower substrate and are completely or partially exposed out of the lower substrate; the metal slots are arranged at the upper part of the lower substrate, correspond to the fuse main body in number and size and are used for being plugged with the slot body plugging part of the fuse main body; the clamping groove of the lock catch is connected to the upper part of the lower substrate and corresponds to the buckle of the lock catch;

the upper substrate is connected with the lower substrate through the lock catch.

The upper base plate comprises an upper cover plate, a left cover plate, a right cover plate, a front cover plate and a rear cover plate which are integrally formed, and further comprises a bottom cover plate which is connected with the left cover plate, the right cover plate, the front cover plate and the rear cover plate; the middle part of the bottom cover plate is provided with a triangular conical bulge part from the front cover plate to the rear cover plate, and is also provided with a circular opening corresponding to the fuse main body.

The infrabasal plate includes integrated into one piece's left side apron, right side apron, front shroud, back apron and bottom surface apron, still includes the upper cover plate, the upper cover plate be equipped with the corresponding triangle conical groove of the bulge of bottom cover plate, and still be equipped with the opening that circular opening corresponds, set up in the opening the metal slot.

The triangular conical groove is characterized by further comprising an even number of elastic elements, one ends of the elastic elements are connected with the inner wall of the left cover plate/the inner wall of the right cover plate, and the other ends of the elastic elements are connected with the triangular conical groove.

The lock catch comprises a buckle and a clamping groove;

the buckle is a sheet structure with a protruding part, and the lower half part of the sheet structure is provided with a notch;

bayonets matched with the protruding parts of the buckles are arranged on two sides of the clamping groove, and the width of the buckles is smaller than the calibers of the bayonets.

The fuse main body comprises a groove body inserting part, a first arc extinguishing cavity, a second arc extinguishing cavity and a fuse wire; the first arc extinguishing cavity and the slot body inserting part are two, two ends of the second arc extinguishing cavity are connected with the first arc extinguishing cavity, and the first arc extinguishing cavity is connected with the slot body inserting part; the fuse wire penetrates through the first arc extinguishing cavity and the second arc extinguishing cavity and is connected with the slot body inserting part.

The first arc extinguishing cavity 9-2 and the second arc extinguishing cavity are both sealing structures and are filled with different arc extinguishing materials.

The pull ring is connected with the outer wall of the upper substrate.

The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the fuse wire has the advantages of rapid and clean fusing capability, capability of meeting the requirements of developers on a plurality of fuses or the requirements on the parallel connection of different fusing currents in multi-stage fusing, capability of replacing the fuse wire of the fuse wire without welding a PCB every time, and multiple arc extinguishing devices, so that the fuse wire has high performance and high reliability, meets various research and development requirements, reduces the research and development cost, reduces the research and development time, and brings convenience to research and development and product application.

2. The invention adopts a structural mode that the welding part of the fuse is separated from the replacing part of the fuse, the welding part is always welded on the PCB, the replacement is not carried out, only the main body part of the fuse is replaced, the replaceable characteristic of the fuse is realized, the service life of the PCB is prolonged, the applicability of the fuse is improved, the operability of the fuse is improved, the circuit is simple and reliable to build, and the operation is convenient.

3. The fuse adopts different structural types of the fuse main body, realizes that one or more fuse wires are arranged in one fuse, is beneficial to the parallel use of the fuse wires or the multi-stage use of different fusing currents, improves the simplicity of a using circuit, increases the research and development convenience, and reduces the application space of a PCB.

4. The fuse welding part and the fuse replacing part adopt the contact form of the cone and the lock catch structures are additionally arranged on the two sides, so that the effective contact of the two parts is ensured, and the reliability of the fuse is improved.

5. The fuse welding part and the fuse replacing part of the invention adopt an inclined insertion mode and an elastic element, thus ensuring the locking of the two parts, enhancing the transportation performance of the fuse and increasing the applicability of the whole product to the mechanical environment. The stability of the fuse is improved.

6. The invention adopts the structure of two arc extinguishing cavities, and different arc extinguishing materials are respectively arranged, thereby ensuring the quick and clean fusing of the fuse, improving the protection characteristic of the circuit and increasing the safety performance of the circuit.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a fuse of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the fuse of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an overall structural view of a fuse replacement part of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an upper cut-away view of the replaceable portion of the fuse of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a face view of a fuse weld cut of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a structural view of an elastic member inside the fuse of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the latch inside the fuse of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a metal card slot within the fuse of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a structural view of a fuse main body inside the fuse of the present invention.

The fuse comprises an upper substrate 1, a lower substrate 2, a first end surface electrode 3, a second end surface electrode 4, a fuse replacement part 5, an elastic element 6, a lock catch 7, a buckle 7-1, a clamping groove 7-2, a metal slot 8, a fuse main body 9, a groove body inserting part 9-1, a first arc extinguishing cavity 9-2, a second arc extinguishing cavity 9-3, a fuse wire 9-4, a pull ring 10 and a fuse welding part 11.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1, a chip-type fuse applied to a switching power supply includes a fuse replacing portion 5 and a fuse welding portion 11; the fuse replacing part 5 comprises an upper substrate 1, a fuse main body 9 and a buckle of a lock catch 7; a plurality of fuse main bodies 9 are fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the upper substrate 1; the slot body inserting part of the fuse main body 9 is exposed out of the lower part of the upper substrate 1; the buckle of the lock catch 7 is connected to the lower part of the upper base plate 1; the fuse welding part 11 comprises a lower substrate 2, a first end surface electrode 3, a second end surface electrode 4, a metal slot 8 and a clamping slot of a lock catch 7; the first end face electrode 3 and the second end face electrode 4 are respectively fixed at the left end and the right end of the lower substrate 2 and are completely or partially exposed out of the lower substrate 2; the metal slots 8 are arranged at the upper part of the lower substrate 2, correspond to the fuse main bodies 9 in number and size, and are used for being plugged into the slot body plugging part of the fuse main bodies 9; the clamping groove of the lock catch 7 is connected to the upper part of the lower substrate 2 and corresponds to the buckle of the lock catch 7; the upper substrate 1 is connected with the lower substrate 2 through the latch 7.

The upper base plate 1 is connected with a pull ring 10, a fuse main body 9 is embedded or installed in a cavity of the upper base plate 1, and a slot body inserting part 9-1 is exposed outside the upper base plate 1. The latch 7 has a latch portion connected to the upper substrate 1. The lower substrate 2 is connected with the first end surface electrode 3 and the second end surface electrode 4, and is connected with the clamping groove part of the lock catch 7; the elastic element 6 and the metal slot 8 are mounted or embedded in the cavity of the lower substrate 2.

The upper substrate 1 can be formed by cold pressing or hot pressing raw materials through a forming die with a specific shape to form a required contact surface except for the bottom cover plate, and then is solidified and formed; alternatively, the cavity may be formed by etching or machining after the material is cured. A thermally insulating filler may be added to the chamber if desired, the volume of the filler taking into account the path of movement of the fuse body 9. The bottom cover plate of the upper substrate 1 is required to be formed as a protruding portion having a triangular pyramid shape, and is required to be formed with a circular opening according to the number of the fuse bodies 9. Ensuring a tight bond with the fuse body 9. The upper substrate 1 mainly includes a cover plate having six surfaces, i.e., front, rear, left, right, upper, and lower surfaces, as shown in fig. 1. Six cover plates form a cavity or six cover plates with inner wall fillers form a solid cavity. The inner wall filler ensures the installation space of the fuse body 9. The upper substrate 1 mainly fixes and protects the fuse main body 9 in a peripheral structure, prevents other foreign objects from colliding with the fuse main body 9, and improves the performance and the service life of the fuse.

The lower substrate 2 can be formed by cold pressing or hot pressing the raw materials through a forming die with a specific shape to form a required contact surface outside the upper cover plate, and then is cured and formed; or, the cavity can be realized by means of etching or machining after the material is cured, if necessary, heat-insulating filler can be added into the cavity, the upper cover plate needs to be processed into a triangular conical groove combined with the bottom cover plate of the upper substrate, and round openings matched with the upper cover plate are processed according to the number of the metal slots 8, so that the combination of the upper part and the lower part of the fuse is ensured. The lower substrate 2 includes a front cover plate having six sides, i.e., front, rear, left, right, upper, and lower sides, as shown in fig. 1. Six cover plates form a cavity or six cover plates with inner wall fillers form a solid cavity. The lower substrate 2 is mainly a carrier for the first end face electrode 3 and the second end face electrode 4, and plays a role in fixing and supporting the first end face electrode 3 and the second end face electrode 4. Like the upper substrate 1, the lower substrate 2 is a cavity which can be empty or a cavity with an inner wall filler, but the space of the elastic element 6 and the metal slot 8 is ensured.

The first end face electrode 3 and the second end face electrode 4 form metal thin layers on the front, back, left and right cover plates of the lower substrate 2 in a metal copper sheet pressing or sputtering electroplating mode, and then surface end electrodes are etched on the metal thin layers according to required sizes. The first end face electrode 3 and the second end face electrode 4 may be wrapped around the front, rear, left and right cover plates, or may be embedded in the front, rear, left and right cover plates. The first end surface electrode 3 and the second end surface electrode 4 are mainly used for welding with a welding pad of a PCB. The fuse and the PCB can be effectively combined.

As shown in fig. 3, the fuse replacing portion 5 mainly includes an upper substrate 1, a locking portion of a locking buckle 7, a fuse body 9 and a pulling ring 10, and is mainly used for replacing a fusing portion of a fuse, and a fusing portion of different fusing currents can be replaced according to actual needs. The replaceable characteristic of the fuse is realized, the applicability of the fuse is improved, and the operability of the fuse is improved.

As shown in fig. 6, the elastic member 6 is installed beside the inclined insertion slot of the fuse welding portion 11. The inclined slot is fixed and locked by the elasticity and deformation of the elastic element 6, and the number of the elastic elements is even. This design has increased the laminating ability of fuse welding part 11 and fuse replacement part 5, has improved the stability of fuse, has guaranteed the effectual contact of each point of fuse, has strengthened the reliability of fuse. And the applicability of the whole product to the mechanical environment is increased.

As shown in fig. 7, the lock catch 7 mainly includes a buckle 7-1 and a slot 7-2. The buckle 7-1 is designed to be a sheet-shaped component with a protruding part, and the lower half part of the sheet-shaped buckle 7-1 is made into a shape with a notch. The clamping groove 7-2 is processed into a bayonet with two sides matched with the protruding part of the buckle 7-1, and the sheet volume (width) of the buckle is slightly smaller than the caliber of the bayonet. When the buckle 7-1 is inserted downwards, the protruding part is clamped to the bayonet, so that locking is guaranteed; when the tab is separated, the tab 10 is pushed with one hand and separated with the other hand. The lock catch 7 is an insulating and heat-insulating material, mainly adopts the design of plugging, buckling and locking, and is matched with the elastic element 6 to ensure that the replacement part and the welding part of the fuse can be well contacted and locked, so that the replacement part of the fuse is ensured not to move in the using process, and the safety and the reliability of the fuse are improved.

As shown in fig. 8, the metal slot 8 is a conical metal slot, and is formed by casting with a forming die, so as to ensure the smoothness of the inside of the slot. It has the following two main functions: (1) the slot body inserting part 9-1 of the fuse main body 9 can be conveniently and accurately inserted into the slot groove; (2) the fuse replacing device is beneficial to effective contact between the fuse welding part 11 and the fuse replacing part 5, ensures point contact and improves the stability of the fuse.

As shown in fig. 9, the fuse main body 9 includes a slot body inserting portion 9-1, a first arc-extinguishing chamber 9-2, a second arc-extinguishing chamber 9-3 and a fuse wire 9-4; the fuse wire 9-4 passes through the first arc extinguishing chamber 9-2 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 9-3, the first arc extinguishing chamber 9-2 is connected with the second arc extinguishing chamber 9-3, the second arc extinguishing chamber 9-3 is connected with the slot body inserting part 9-1, and the slot body inserting part 9-1 is connected with the fuse wire 9-4. The first arc extinguishing cavity 9-2 and the second arc extinguishing cavity 9-3 are insulating materials and are relatively sealed, and the slot body inserting part 9-1 is a metal conductor. The fuse body 9 realizes that one or more fuses are in one fuse, is favorable for the parallel use of the fuses or the multi-stage use of different fusing currents, and improves the simplicity of using a circuit. The fuse main body 9 adopts a structure of two arc extinguishing cavities, namely a first arc extinguishing cavity 9-2 and a second arc extinguishing cavity 9-3, and different arc extinguishing materials are respectively arranged, so that the fuse can be quickly and cleanly fused, the protection characteristic of a circuit is improved, and the safety performance of the circuit is improved.

The pull ring 10 is used for transporting or replacing the fuse replacing part, is beneficial to protecting other structures of the fuse replacing part, and improves the convenience of replacement.

As shown in fig. 5, the fuse welding part 11 comprises a lower substrate 2, a first end surface electrode 3, a second end surface electrode 4, an elastic element 6, a clamping groove part of a lock catch 7 and a metal slot 8, so that the fuse welding part 11 is always welded on a PCB, and is not replaced, only a main body part of the fuse is replaced, the service life of the PCB is prolonged, and the research and development cost is reduced.

As shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the fuse may be formed by a plurality of fuse-welded portions (fig. 2(b)) including only the fuse replacement portion 5 of the slot-body receiving portion 9-1 and the metal insertion groove 8, two fuse-welded portions (fig. 2(c)), or three fuse-welded portions (fig. 2 (a)). The overall composition of the fuse depends on a specific application scene; meanwhile, the decimal value of the groove body inserting part 9-1 of the fuse replacing part 5 can be inserted into the metal slots 8 of the fuse welding part 11 which is larger than or equal to the decimal value, for example, the fuse replacing part which contains two groove body inserting parts can be inserted into the fuse welding part which contains two, three or even a plurality of metal slots, the design is convenient for replacing the fuse, the universal performance of the fuse is improved, the rapidity of testing and maintaining is ensured, and the research and development cost is reduced.

The processing flow of the fuse is as follows:

(1) processing the upper base plates except the bottom cover plate according to the number of the fuse main bodies, and processing the bottom cover plate;

(2) processing a lower substrate except the top cover plate according to the number of the metal slots, processing the top cover plate, and electroplating or embedding the end face electrode;

(3) processing a pull ring, a lock catch, a metal slot, a fuse body and an elastic element;

(4) fillers are added to the upper substrate and the lower substrate according to requirements, so that the shape of the fillers is consistent with that of the metal slot 8 and the fuse body 9;

(5) installing a pull ring and a buckle of a lock catch, installing a fuse main body at a corresponding position of an upper substrate, and finally installing a bottom cover plate of the upper substrate to form a fuse replacing part;

(6) and a clamping groove for mounting the lock catch, an elastic element and a metal slot are arranged at corresponding positions of the lower substrate, and finally a top cover plate of the lower substrate is mounted to form a fuse welding part.

(1) The steps (2) and (3) are not in sequence, and the fuse wire, the metal slot, the end face electrode, the elastic element and the slot body inserting part are all made of insulating materials.

Claims

1. A patch type fuse applied to a switching power supply is characterized by comprising a fuse replacing part and a fuse welding part;

2. The patch fuse of claim 1, wherein the upper substrate comprises an upper cover plate, a left cover plate, a right cover plate, a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, and a bottom cover plate, the upper cover plate is integrally formed with the left cover plate, the right cover plate, the front cover plate, and the rear cover plate, and the bottom cover plate is connected to the left cover plate, the right cover plate, the front cover plate, and the rear cover plate; the middle part of the bottom cover plate is provided with a triangular conical bulge part from the front cover plate to the rear cover plate, and is also provided with a circular opening corresponding to the fuse main body.

3. The patch fuse of claim 2, wherein the lower substrate comprises a left cover plate, a right cover plate, a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, a bottom cover plate, and an upper cover plate, the left cover plate, the right cover plate, the front cover plate, the rear cover plate, the bottom cover plate, and the upper cover plate are integrally formed, the upper cover plate is provided with a triangular tapered groove corresponding to the protruding portion of the bottom cover plate, and is further provided with an opening corresponding to the circular opening, and the metal slot is formed in the opening.

4. The patch fuse of claim 3, further comprising an even number of elastic elements, wherein one end of each elastic element is connected to the inner wall of the left cover plate/the right cover plate, and the other end of each elastic element is connected to the triangular conical groove.

5. The patch fuse of claim 1, wherein the latch comprises a snap and a slot;

6. The patch fuse of claim 1, wherein the fuse body comprises a slot body insertion part, a first arc extinguishing cavity, a second arc extinguishing cavity and a fuse wire; the first arc extinguishing cavity and the slot body inserting part are two, two ends of the second arc extinguishing cavity are connected with the first arc extinguishing cavity, and the first arc extinguishing cavity is connected with the slot body inserting part; the fuse wire penetrates through the first arc extinguishing cavity and the second arc extinguishing cavity and is connected with the slot body inserting part.

7. The patch fuse of claim 6, wherein the first arc-extinguishing chamber 9-2 and the second arc-extinguishing chamber are both sealed and contain different arc-extinguishing materials.

8. The patch fuse of claim 1, further comprising a pull ring connected to an outer wall of the upper substrate.