CN111627003B - Coronary blood flow reserve calculating device - Google Patents
Coronary blood flow reserve calculating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111627003B CN111627003B CN202010449821.9A CN202010449821A CN111627003B CN 111627003 B CN111627003 B CN 111627003B CN 202010449821 A CN202010449821 A CN 202010449821A CN 111627003 B CN111627003 B CN 111627003B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0012—Biomedical image inspection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
- A61B5/029—Measuring or recording blood output from the heart, e.g. minute volume
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/60—Analysis of geometric attributes
- G06T7/62—Analysis of geometric attributes of area, perimeter, diameter or volume
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30004—Biomedical image processing
- G06T2207/30101—Blood vessel; Artery; Vein; Vascular
- G06T2207/30104—Vascular flow; Blood flow; Perfusion
Abstract
The invention provides a coronary blood flow reserve calculation device. The coronary flow reserve calculation device includes: the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a coronary artery DSA image in a hyperemia state and a coronary artery DSA image in a resting state; a start-stop frame acquisition module connected with the image acquisition module and used for acquiring a start frame and a stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state and a start frame and a stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state; the time acquisition module is connected with the start-stop frame acquisition module and used for acquiring first conduction time according to the start frame and the stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state and acquiring second conduction time according to the start frame and the stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state; and the parameter calculation module is connected with the time acquisition module and used for calculating coronary blood flow reserve according to the first conduction time and the second conduction time. The coronary vessel reserve calculation device is capable of enabling non-invasive coronary vessel flow reserve measurements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of image analysis, relates to a computing device, and particularly relates to a coronary blood flow reserve computing device.
Background
Coronary circulation refers to the circulation of blood that supplies the heart itself, the path of which mainly includes the aorta, coronary arteries and coronary microcirculation. Two functional indicators commonly used today in Coronary circulation include the Index of Microcirculation Resistance (IMR) and Coronary Flow Reserve (CFR). Where IMR is an index that specifically reflects coronary microcirculation resistance, and CFR is used to reflect the maximum increase in blood flow through the coronary arteries over normal resting volume. Specifically, when oxygen demand is increased or under the regulation of neurohumoral factors and drug action, coronary artery dilation occurs and coronary blood flow increases from a resting state to a hyperemic state, the ability of this coronary blood flow increase is known as CFR. In practical application, the inventor finds that the prior art mostly adopts an invasive measurement method to obtain the CFR, the operation is complicated, and the pain of a patient is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a coronary flow reserve calculation device, which is used for solving the problem of the prior art that an invasive measurement method is adopted to obtain CFR.
To achieve the above and other related objects, a first aspect of the present invention provides a coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus. In an embodiment of the first aspect, the coronary flow reserve calculation device includes: the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a coronary artery DSA image in a hyperemia state and a coronary artery DSA image in a resting state; a start-stop frame acquisition module connected with the image acquisition module and used for acquiring a start frame and a stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state and a start frame and a stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state; the time acquisition module is connected with the start-stop frame acquisition module and used for acquiring first conduction time according to the start frame and the stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state and acquiring second conduction time according to the start frame and the stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state; and the parameter calculation module is connected with the time acquisition module and used for calculating coronary flow reserve according to the first conduction time and the second conduction time.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the initial frame of the DSA images of coronary arteries in a hyperemic state is a frame of images of coronary arteries in which contrast medium starts to flow into the coronary arteries when the coronary arteries are in a hyperemic state; the initial frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the resting state is a frame of image in which contrast agent starts to flow into the coronary artery when the coronary artery is in the resting state; and/or the termination frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state is a frame of image of the coronary artery just filled with the contrast agent when the coronary artery is in the hyperemia state; the stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the resting state is a frame of image in which the coronary artery is just filled with the contrast agent when the coronary artery is in the resting state.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the start-stop frame obtaining module includes: the display unit is connected with the image acquisition module and is used for displaying the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state, the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state and/or an instruction icon so as to assist a user to input a corresponding frame selection instruction; and the frame selection unit is connected with the image acquisition module and used for selecting corresponding initial frames and/or termination frames according to the received frame selection instruction.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the start-stop frame obtaining module uses a trained first AI model to process the hyperemic coronary DSA image and the resting coronary DSA image to obtain a start frame of the hyperemic coronary DSA image and a start frame of the resting coronary DSA image; and/or the start-stop frame acquisition module processes the hyperemic coronary DSA image and the resting coronary DSA image by using a trained second AI model to acquire a stop frame of the hyperemic coronary DSA image and a stop frame of the resting coronary DSA image.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the time obtaining module includes: the frame counting unit is connected with the start-stop frame acquisition module and is used for acquiring the frame number between the start frame and the stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state and acquiring the frame number between the start frame and the stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state; and the time calculation unit is connected with the frame counting unit and used for calculating the first conduction time according to the frame number between the initial frame and the termination frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state and calculating the second conduction time according to the frame number between the initial frame and the termination frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the hyperemic coronary DSA image and the resting coronary DSA image both carry timestamps; the time obtaining module obtains the first conduction time according to timestamps carried by the start frame and the end frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state, and obtains the second conduction time according to the timestamps carried by the start frame and the end frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the coronary flow reserve calculation device further includes: a first curve obtaining module, connected to the image obtaining module and the start-stop frame obtaining module, for obtaining the contrast agent area of each frame image between the start frame and the stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state, and further generating a first curve of the contrast agent area in the hyperemia state changing with time; the second curve acquisition module is connected with the image acquisition module and the start-stop frame acquisition module and is used for acquiring the contrast agent area of each frame of image between the start frame and the end frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the resting state so as to generate a second curve of the contrast agent area changing along with time in the resting state; the parameter calculation module calculates the coronary flow reserve based on the slope of the first curve and the slope of the second curve.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the coronary flow reserve calculation device further includes: a first area obtaining module, connected to the image obtaining module, for obtaining a contrast agent area variation of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state in a first time period as a first area variation; a second area obtaining module, connected to the image obtaining module, configured to obtain a contrast agent area variation of the coronary DSA image in the resting state in the first time period, as a second area variation; the parameter calculation module calculates the coronary flow reserve according to the ratio of the first area variation and the second area variation.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the coronary flow reserve calculation device further includes: and the denoising module is connected with the image acquisition module and is used for denoising the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state and the coronary DSA image in the rest state.
The second aspect of the invention also provides a coronary flow reserve calculation device. The coronary flow reserve calculation device includes: the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a coronary artery DSA image in a hyperemia state and a coronary artery DSA image in a resting state; a first area obtaining module, connected to the image obtaining module, for obtaining a contrast agent area variation of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state in a first time period as a first area variation; a second area obtaining module, connected to the image obtaining module, configured to obtain a contrast agent area variation of the coronary DSA image in the resting state in the first time period, as a second area variation; and the parameter calculation module is connected with the first area acquisition module and the second area acquisition module and is used for calculating coronary blood flow reserve according to the first area variation and the second area variation.
As described above, one technical solution of the coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus according to the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
the coronary blood flow reserve calculation device can obtain the coronary blood flow reserve by analyzing the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state and the coronary DSA image in the rest state, does not need invasive measurement in the process, is simple and convenient to operate and does not increase the pain of a patient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a start-stop frame acquiring module of the coronary flow reserve calculating device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a time acquisition module in an embodiment of the coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5A is a diagram illustrating an exemplary first curve obtained by the coronary flow reserve calculation device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5B is an exemplary diagram of a second curve obtained by the coronary flow reserve calculation device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
1. Coronary blood flow reserve calculating device
11. Image acquisition module
12. Start-stop frame acquisition module
121. Display unit
122. Frame selection unit
13. Time acquisition module
131. Frame counting unit
132. Time calculating unit
14. Parameter calculation module
15. Control module
16. First curve acquisition module
17. Second curve acquisition module
18. First area acquisition module
19. Second area acquisition module
51. First starting point
52. First end point
53. Second starting point
54. Second terminal point
7. Coronary blood flow reserve calculating device
71. Image acquisition module
72. First area acquisition module
73. Second area acquisition module
74. Parameter calculation module
75. Start-stop frame acquisition module
76. First curve acquisition module
77. Second curve acquisition module
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the drawings only show the components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed arbitrarily, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Unlike IMR, which evaluates coronary microcirculation resistance, CFR is primarily used for functional evaluation of coronary arteries. Most of the conventional CFR acquisition methods are realized through invasive measurement, so that the operation is complicated and the pain of a patient is increased. Aiming at the problem, the invention provides a coronary blood flow reserve calculation device, which can obtain the coronary blood flow reserve by analyzing a coronary DSA image in a hyperemic state and a coronary DSA image in a resting state, does not need to adopt invasive measurement in the process and is simple and convenient to operate.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, the coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus 1 includes:
the image acquisition module 11 is configured to acquire a coronary DSA image in a hyperemia state and a coronary DSA image in a resting state. In the DSA (Digital Subtraction Angiography), two frames of X-ray images taken before and after the injection of a contrast agent are digitally input into an image computer, and a clear pure blood vessel image is obtained through Subtraction, enhancement and re-imaging processes. Specifically, the image acquiring module 11 acquires continuous multi-frame DSA images as the DSA images of the coronary artery in the hyperemia state when the coronary artery is in the hyperemia state, and acquires continuous multi-frame DSA images as the DSA images of the coronary artery in the rest state when the coronary artery is in the rest state.
And a start-stop frame acquiring module 12, connected to the image acquiring module 11, for acquiring a start frame and a stop frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state and a start frame and a stop frame of the coronary DSA image in the rest state. Preferably, the area of the contrast agent in the initial frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state is the same as the area of the contrast agent in the initial frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state. The area of the contrast agent in the end frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state is the same as the area of the contrast agent in the end frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state.
And a time obtaining module 13, connected to the start-stop frame obtaining module 12, configured to obtain a first conduction time according to the start frame and the end frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state, and obtain a second conduction time according to the start frame and the end frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state. Wherein the first conduction time is a difference between an imaging time of a termination frame of the hyperemic coronary DSA image and an imaging time of an initiation frame of the hyperemic coronary DSA image. The second transit time is a difference between an imaging time of the coronary DSA image in the resting state and an imaging time of a starting frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state.
A parameter calculating module 14 connected to the time obtaining module 13 and configured to calculate the first conduction time T according to the first conduction time T r And said second conduction time T h Coronary flow reserve was calculated. Wherein the parameter calculation module 14 calculates the second conduction time T h And the first conduction time T r Obtaining the CFR, in particular CFR = T r /T h 。
In this embodiment, the coronary blood flow reserve calculation apparatus 1 does not need to use a pressure guide wire or other devices for invasive measurement, and is simple to operate and will not increase the pain of the patient.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus further includes a control module 15. The control module 15 is respectively connected to the image obtaining module 11, the start-stop frame obtaining module 12, the time obtaining module 13, and the parameter calculating module 14, and is configured to control the coronary flow reserve calculating device 1.
Coronary angiography is an interventional diagnostic technique for radiographic examination of the coronary anatomy using a catheter to examine all the branches of the coronary vessel tree and understand the details of the anatomy. In some embodiments of the present invention, the procedure for acquiring the coronary image by using the coronary angiography technique is as follows: inserting a contrast catheter into the aorta and injecting a contrast agent into the aorta through an opening of the contrast catheter; the contrast agent flows to the coronary artery inlet along the aorta, flows into the coronary artery through the coronary artery inlet, then sequentially flows through the coronary branch and the coronary microvasculature, enters the coronary vein, and finally flows out of the coronary vein. And continuously scanning the target object for multiple times in the process from the contrast agent reaching the coronary artery inlet to the contrast agent flowing out of the coronary vein to obtain a corresponding coronary artery image. The target object includes a coronary artery, a coronary branch, or/and a coronary vein.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the calculation result, the area of the contrast agent in the initial frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state and the area of the contrast agent in the initial frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state should be as identical as possible. To achieve the above object, in one embodiment of the present invention, the initial frame of the DSA image of the coronary artery in the hyperemic state is selected as a frame of image in which the contrast agent starts to flow into the coronary artery when the coronary artery is in the hyperemic state; the initial frame of the DSA image of the coronary artery in the resting state is selected as one frame of image when the coronary artery is in the resting state and the contrast agent starts to flow into the coronary artery.
Specifically, the coronary artery starts to develop in one image of the coronary artery into which the contrast agent starts to flow, but the coronary artery does not develop in the previous image, so that the coronary artery is a significant change from non-development to development, and therefore the difference between the image of the coronary artery into which the contrast agent starts to flow and the previous image is large, so that: the accuracy of selecting a frame of image in which the contrast agent starts to flow into the coronary artery is relatively high regardless of whether the artificial mode or the AI mode is adopted. Therefore, in this embodiment, by selecting a frame of image from which the contrast agent starts to flow into the coronary artery in the hyperemia state as the initial frame of the DSA image of the coronary artery in the hyperemia state, and selecting a frame of image from which the contrast agent starts to flow into the coronary artery in the rest state as the initial frame of the rest state, the area of the contrast agent in the initial frame of the DSA image of the coronary artery in the hyperemia state and the area of the contrast agent in the initial frame of the DSA image of the coronary artery in the rest state can be substantially the same, thereby ensuring the accuracy of CFR calculation.
Similarly, to ensure the accuracy of the calculation result, the area of the contrast agent in the end frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state and the area of the contrast agent in the end frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state should be as identical as possible. To achieve this object, in an embodiment of the present invention, the ending frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state is selected as a frame of the image of the coronary just filled with the contrast medium when the coronary is in the hyperemic state; the stop frame of the DSA image of the coronary artery in the resting state is selected as one image of the coronary artery just filled with the contrast agent when the coronary artery is in the resting state.
Specifically, in one frame of image in which the contrast agent just fills the coronary artery, the coronary artery branches are not developed; in the next image, the coronary artery branch starts to develop, so that the coronary artery branch is a significant change process from non-development to development, and the difference between the image of one frame where the contrast agent just fills the coronary artery and the image of the next frame is large, so that: whether the artificial mode or the AI mode is adopted, the accuracy of selecting one frame of image of the contrast agent just filled with coronary artery is relatively high. Therefore, in this embodiment, by selecting a frame of image of the coronary artery just filled with the contrast agent when the coronary artery is in the hyperemic state as the end frame of the DSA image of the coronary artery in the hyperemic state, and selecting a frame of image of the coronary artery just filled with the contrast agent when the coronary artery is in the resting state as the end frame of the DSA image of the coronary artery in the resting state, the area of the contrast agent in the end frame of the DSA image of the coronary artery in the hyperemic state and the area of the contrast agent in the end frame of the DSA image of the coronary artery in the resting state can be ensured to be substantially the same, thereby ensuring the accuracy of CFR calculation.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the selection of the start frame and the end frame is performed by a user through a corresponding frame selection instruction. Referring to fig. 2, in order to assist a user to select a start frame and an end frame according to a frame selection instruction, the start-stop frame obtaining module 12 in this embodiment includes a display unit 121 and a frame selection unit 122. The display unit 121 is connected to the image obtaining module 11, and configured to display the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state, the coronary DSA image in the rest state, and/or an instruction icon to assist a user in inputting a corresponding frame selection instruction; the frame selecting unit 122 is connected to the image obtaining module 11, and configured to select a corresponding start frame and/or end frame according to a received frame selecting instruction.
Specifically, the instruction icons include an enlargement icon, a jump icon, a previous frame icon, a next frame icon, a start frame selection icon and/or a stop frame selection icon, and a user assists the user to input an enlargement instruction, a jump instruction, a previous frame instruction, a next frame instruction, a start frame selection instruction and/or a stop frame selection instruction in the frame selection instructions respectively.
Taking a coronary DSA image in a hyperemic state as an example, when the user clicks the zoom-in icon, the jump icon, the previous frame icon, or the next frame icon, the display unit 121 changes the display content according to the corresponding zoom-in instruction, the jump instruction, the previous frame instruction, or the next frame instruction. When the user clicks the start frame selecting image, the frame selecting unit 121 obtains a corresponding start frame selecting instruction, and uses a frame of image corresponding to the start frame selecting instruction as a start frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemic state. When the user clicks the selection termination frame icon, the frame selection unit 122 obtains the selection termination frame instruction, and takes a frame image corresponding to the selection termination frame instruction as a termination frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state.
In this embodiment, the selection method of the start frame and the end frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state is similar to the above process, and is not repeated here. In this embodiment, the display unit can be used to display the hyperemic coronary DSA image, the resting coronary DSA image and/or the instruction icon to assist the user in completing the selection of the start frame and the end frame through the corresponding frame selection instruction, which is beneficial to improving the intuitiveness and convenience of frame selection.
In addition, in an embodiment of the invention, the start-stop frame obtaining module further includes a storage unit. The storage unit is used for storing the coronary artery DSA images in the hyperemia state and the initial frames and the ending frames of the coronary artery DSA images in the hyperemia state selected by the user through the frame selection instruction, and is used for storing the coronary artery DSA images in the rest state and the initial frames and the ending frames of the coronary artery DSA images in the rest state selected by the user through the frame selection instruction. The data stored in the storage unit can be used for training an AI model to obtain the trained AI model; the trained AI model can realize the automatic selection of corresponding start frames and end frames.
In an embodiment of the invention, the selection of the start frame is implemented by an AI model. Specifically, the start-stop frame acquiring module processes the hyperemic coronary DSA image and the resting coronary DSA image by using a trained first AI model to acquire a start frame of the hyperemic coronary DSA image and a start frame of the resting coronary DSA image. The trained first AI model is obtained by training an initial AI model by using a first training data set. The first training data set comprises coronary DSA images in a hyperemic state and corresponding initial frames thereof, and coronary DSA images in a resting state and corresponding initial frames thereof. The data in the first training data set may be derived from an initial frame selected by a user from the hyperemic coronary DSA images via a corresponding frame selection command, and/or an initial frame selected by a user from the resting coronary DSA images via a corresponding frame selection command.
In an embodiment of the invention, the start-stop frame obtaining module utilizes a trained second AI model to process the hyperemic coronary DSA image and the resting coronary DSA image to obtain a stop frame of the hyperemic coronary DSA image and a stop frame of the resting coronary DSA image. The trained first AI model is obtained by training an initial AI model by using a second training data set. The second training data set includes a hyperemic coronary DSA image and its corresponding stop frame, and a resting coronary DSA image and its corresponding stop frame. The data in the second training data set may be derived from a termination frame selected by a user from the hyperemic coronary DSA images via a corresponding frame selection instruction, and/or from the resting coronary DSA images via a corresponding frame selection instruction.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the time obtaining module 13 includes a frame counting unit 131 and a time calculating unit 132. The frame counting unit 131 is connected to the initial frame acquiring module 12, and is configured to acquire a number N of frames between an initial frame and a final frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state h And obtaining the frame number N between the initial frame and the final frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the resting state r . The time calculating unit 132 is connected to the frame counting unit 131, and is configured to calculate the first conduction time T according to a frame number between an initial frame and a final frame of the coronary DSA image of the hyperemia state h And calculating the second conduction time T according to the frame number between the initial frame and the final frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state r . Wherein, T h ＝N h ×t，T r ＝N r X t; t is the time interval between two adjacent frames, and the value of t is the reciprocal of the frame rate.
This embodiment can pass the number of frames N h Frame number N r And calculating the time interval between two adjacent frames to obtain a first conduction time and a second conduction time, so that the parameter calculation module can obtain the first conduction time and the second conduction time, and further realize the non-invasive measurement of the CFR.
In an embodiment of the invention, the coronary DSA images in the hyperemic state and the coronary DSA images in the resting state both carry a time stamp. The time acquisition module acquires the first conduction time according to a timestamp carried by an initial frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state and a timestamp carried by a termination frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state. And the time acquisition module acquires the second conduction time according to a timestamp carried by a starting frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the resting state and a timestamp carried by an ending frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the resting state.
The time stamp is a complete and verifiable data that can indicate that a piece of data exists before a specific time, and can uniquely identify the time of a certain moment through a character sequence. In this embodiment, a timestamp is added to the DSA image, and the first conduction time and the second conduction time are obtained according to the timestamp. For example, for the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state, the time obtaining module obtains a first start time according to a timestamp carried by a start frame of the time obtaining module, obtains a first end time according to a timestamp carried by an end frame of the time obtaining module, and a difference between the first end time and the first start time is the first conduction time. The embodiment makes full use of the characteristic that the DSA images can be added with the time stamps, and reduces the complexity of conduction time calculation.
Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, the coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus 1 further includes:
a first curve acquiring module 16, connected to the image acquiring module 11 and the start-stop frame acquiring module 12, configured to acquire a contrast agent area of each frame of image between a start frame and a stop frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state, so as to generate a first curve in which the contrast agent area changes with time in the hyperemia state.
Specifically, the first curve acquiring module 16 acquires the contrast agent area of each frame image between the start frame and the end frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state, and further generates first data points corresponding to each frame image between the start frame and the end frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state. For any frame image between the initial frame and the final frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state, the abscissa of the corresponding first data point is the imaging time of the frame image, and the ordinate is the contrast agent area contained in the frame image. And then, connecting the plurality of first data points to obtain the first curve. A first curve obtained in this embodiment is shown in fig. 5A, where: the ordinate is the normalized contrast agent area, the ordinate is 0 indicating that the contrast agent has not flowed into the coronary artery, and the ordinate is 1 indicating that the contrast agent is filled in the coronary artery; the abscissa is time and the 0 on the abscissa corresponds to the time at which the contrast agent starts to flow into the coronary arteries in the hyperemic state.
And a second curve acquiring module 17, connected to the image acquiring module 11 and the start-stop frame acquiring module 12, configured to acquire a contrast medium area of each frame of image between the start frame and the end frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state, and further generate a second curve in which the contrast medium area changes with time in the resting state.
Specifically, the second curve obtaining module 17 obtains the contrast agent area of each frame image between the start frame and the end frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the resting state, and further generates the second data point corresponding to each frame image between the start frame and the end frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the resting state. For any frame image between the initial frame and the final frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state, the abscissa of the corresponding second data point is the imaging time of the frame image, and the ordinate is the area of the contrast agent contained in the frame image. The second curve is then obtained by connecting the second data points. A second curve obtained in this embodiment is shown in fig. 5B, where: the ordinate is the normalized contrast agent area, the ordinate is 0 indicating that the contrast agent has not flowed into the coronary arteries, and the ordinate is 1 indicating that the coronary arteries are filled with the contrast agent; the abscissa is time and the 0 of the abscissa corresponds to the time when the contrast agent starts to flow into the coronary artery in the hyperemic state. .
The parameter calculation module 14 calculates the coronary flow reserve from the slope of the first curve and the slope of the second curve. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
for the first curve, the parameter calculation module 14 calculates the slope of each first data point, and selects all first data points with slope values greater than a first threshold value to form a first data set; wherein the first threshold is a real number greater than 0.5. Thereafter, the parameters are calculatedThe module 14 selects a first data point in the first data set with the earliest imaging time as a first start point 51 and selects a first data point in the first data set with the latest imaging time as a first end point 52. A slope of the first curve
Wherein the first starting point 51 has coordinates of (t) 51 ,y 51 ) The coordinate of the first end point 52 is (t) 52 ,y 52 )。
For the second curve, the parameter calculation module 14 calculates the slope of each second data point, and selects all second data points with slope values greater than a second threshold value to form a second data set; wherein the second threshold is a real number greater than 0.5. Thereafter, the parameter calculating module 14 selects a second data point with the earliest imaging time point in the second data set as a second starting point 53, and selects a second data point with the latest imaging time point in the second data set as a second ending point 54. Slope of the second curve
Wherein the second starting point 53 has a coordinate of (t) 53 ,y 53 ) The coordinate of the second end point 54 is (t) 54 ,y 54 )。
In this embodiment, the first Slope 1 And the second Slope 2 The ratio of (a) to (b) is the coronary flow reserve CFR.
In an embodiment of the invention, the coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus further includes: and the curve fitting module is connected with the first curve acquisition module and the second curve acquisition module and is used for fitting the first curve and/or the second curve so as to improve the smoothness of the first curve and/or the second curve. Taking the first curve as an example, the process of fitting the first curve by the curve fitting module includes: selecting one first data point with the largest contrast agent area from all the first data points as a first peak point; in the first curve, selecting all first data points on the left side of the first peak point for data fitting, namely: and selecting all first data points with imaging time earlier than the first peak point for data fitting. The data fitting can be realized by the existing least square method, gaussian curve fitting method and the like, and is not described herein again.
In view of the fact that in the present embodiment, the slope of the first curve only depends on the coordinates of the first starting point and the first ending point, the present embodiment only needs to select all the first data points on the left side of the first peak point for data fitting, which can meet the requirement of calculating the slope of the first curve, and is beneficial to reducing the computation workload of the fitting process.
In this embodiment, the process of fitting the second curve by the curve fitting module is similar to that of the first curve, and is not repeated here.
Referring to fig. 6, in an embodiment of the present invention, the coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus 1 further includes:
a first area obtaining module 18, connected to the image obtaining module 11, for obtaining a contrast agent area variation of the coronary DSA image of the hyperemia state in a first time period as a first area variation. Wherein the first period of time is a period of time during which the area of the contrast agent is rapidly increased; namely: during the first time period, the average slope of the first curve is greater than a third threshold; wherein, the value range of the third threshold is more than 0.5. In the coronary DSA image of the hyperemic state, the first area variation is an area of the contrast agent corresponding to an end time of the first time period, and the area of the contrast agent corresponding to a start time of the first time period is subtracted.
A second area obtaining module 19, connected to the image obtaining module 11, configured to obtain a contrast medium area variation of the coronary DSA image in the resting state in the first time period as a second area variation. In the coronary DSA image in the resting state, the second area variation is the contrast medium area corresponding to the end time of the first time period, and the contrast medium area corresponding to the start time of the first time period is subtracted.
In this embodiment, the parameter calculation module may obtain the coronary flow reserve CFR by calculating a ratio of the first area variation to the second area variation.
In the DSA imaging process, the acquired DSA image often has noise due to the performance of the subtraction angiography machine, the movement of the patient, and other factors. To address this problem, in an embodiment of the present invention, the coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus further includes a denoising module. The denoising module is connected with the image acquisition module and is used for denoising the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state and the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state. In this embodiment, the denoising module may remove noise in the DSA image by using a histogram equalization algorithm, a wavelet and curvelet transform method, a wiener filter, and the like, which is not limited herein.
The invention also provides another coronary blood flow reserve calculation device. Referring to fig. 7, in an embodiment of the present invention, the coronary flow reserve calculation device 7 includes:
the image obtaining module 71 is configured to obtain a coronary DSA image in a hyperemia state and a coronary DSA image in a rest state. Specifically, when the coronary artery is in a hyperemic state, the image acquisition module 71 acquires continuous multi-frame DSA images as DSA images of the coronary artery in the hyperemic state. When the coronary artery is in a resting state, the image acquisition module 71 acquires continuous multi-frame DSA images as the DSA images of the coronary artery in the resting state.
A first area obtaining module 72, connected to the image obtaining module 71, for obtaining a contrast agent area variation of the coronary DSA image of the hyperemia state in a first time period as a first area variation; wherein the first period of time is a period of time during which the area of the contrast agent is rapidly increased.
A second area obtaining module 73, connected to the image obtaining module 71, configured to obtain a contrast agent area variation of the coronary DSA image in the resting state in the first time period as a second area variation.
A parameter calculating module 74 connected to the first area obtaining module 72 and the second area obtaining module 73, for calculating coronary flow reserve according to the first area variation and the second area variation. Specifically, the parameter calculation module may obtain the coronary flow reserve CFR by calculating a ratio of the first area variation to the second area variation.
In this embodiment, the coronary flow reserve calculation device 7 does not need to use a pressure guide wire or other devices for invasive measurement, and is simple to operate and will not increase the pain of the patient.
Referring to fig. 8, in an embodiment of the present invention, the coronary flow reserve calculation device 7 further includes:
a start-stop frame acquiring module 75 connected to the image acquiring module 71 and configured to acquire a start frame and a stop frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state and a start frame and a stop frame of the coronary DSA image in the rest state.
A first curve acquiring module 76, connected to the start-stop frame acquiring module 75 and connected to the image acquiring module 71 (connection relation not shown), for acquiring the contrast agent area of each frame image between the start frame and the end frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state, so as to generate a first curve of the contrast agent area in the hyperemia state with time.
A second curve acquiring module 77, connected to the start-stop frame acquiring module 75 and the image acquiring module 71 (connection relation not shown), configured to acquire the contrast agent area of each frame of image between the start frame and the end frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state, and further generate a second curve of the change of the contrast agent area with time in the resting state.
The parameter calculation module 74 calculates the coronary flow reserve based on the slope of the first curve and the slope of the second curve.
In this embodiment, the start-stop frame obtaining module 75 is the same as the method for obtaining the start frame and the end frame by the start-stop frame obtaining module 12 in the foregoing embodiment, and is not repeated herein for saving the description. In addition, the first curve obtaining module 76 is the same as the first curve obtaining module 16 in the previous embodiment in obtaining the first curve, and the second curve obtaining module 77 is the same as the second curve obtaining module 17 in the previous embodiment in obtaining the second curve, which is not repeated herein again.
The coronary blood flow reserve calculation device can realize non-invasive CFR measurement by calculating the ratio of the second conduction time to the first conduction time, the ratio of the slope of the first curve to the slope of the second curve, the ratio of the first area variation to the second area variation and the like, is simple to operate and does not bring extra pain to a patient.
In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can modify or change the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus, comprising:
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a coronary artery DSA image in a hyperemia state and a coronary artery DSA image in a resting state;
a start-stop frame acquisition module connected with the image acquisition module and used for acquiring a start frame and a stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state and a start frame and a stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state;
a time obtaining module, connected to the start-stop frame obtaining module, configured to obtain a first conduction time according to a start frame and a stop frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state, and obtain a second conduction time according to the start frame and the stop frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state, where the first conduction time is a difference between an imaging time of the stop frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state and an imaging time of the start frame of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemic state, and the second conduction time is a difference between the imaging time of the coronary DSA image in the resting state and the imaging time of the start frame of the coronary DSA image in the resting state;
and the parameter calculation module is connected with the time acquisition module and used for calculating coronary flow reserve according to the first conduction time and the second conduction time.
2. The coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the initial frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state is a frame of image in which contrast agent begins to flow into the coronary artery when the coronary artery is in the hyperemia state; the initial frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the resting state is a frame of image in which contrast agent starts to flow into the coronary artery when the coronary artery is in the resting state; and/or
The termination frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state is a frame of image in which the coronary artery is just filled with the contrast agent when the coronary artery is in the hyperemia state; the stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the resting state is a frame of image in which the coronary artery is just filled with the contrast agent when the coronary artery is in the resting state.
3. The coronary flow reserve computing device of claim 1, wherein the start-stop frame acquisition module comprises:
the display unit is connected with the image acquisition module and is used for displaying the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state, the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state and/or an instruction icon so as to assist a user in inputting a corresponding frame selection instruction;
and the frame selection unit is connected with the image acquisition module and used for selecting the corresponding initial frame and/or the corresponding termination frame according to the received frame selection instruction.
4. The coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the start-stop frame acquisition module utilizes a trained first AI model to process the hyperemic coronary DSA image and the resting coronary DSA image so as to acquire a start frame of the hyperemic coronary DSA image and a start frame of the resting coronary DSA image; and/or
The start-stop frame acquisition module processes the hyperemic coronary DSA image and the resting coronary DSA image by using a trained second AI model to acquire a stop frame of the hyperemic coronary DSA image and a stop frame of the resting coronary DSA image.
5. The coronary flow reserve computing device of claim 1, wherein the time acquisition module comprises:
the frame counting unit is connected with the start-stop frame acquisition module and is used for acquiring the frame number between the start frame and the stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state and acquiring the frame number between the start frame and the stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state;
and the time calculation unit is connected with the frame counting unit and used for calculating the first conduction time according to the frame number between the initial frame and the termination frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state and calculating the second conduction time according to the frame number between the initial frame and the termination frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state.
6. The coronary flow reserve calculation device according to claim 1, wherein:
the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state and the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state both carry time stamps;
the time obtaining module obtains the first conduction time according to timestamps carried by the start frame and the end frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state, and obtains the second conduction time according to the timestamps carried by the start frame and the end frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the rest state.
7. The coronary flow reserve computing device of claim 1, further comprising:
a first curve obtaining module, connected to the image obtaining module and the start-stop frame obtaining module, for obtaining the contrast agent area of each frame image between the start frame and the stop frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the hyperemia state, so as to generate a first curve of the contrast agent area in the hyperemia state changing with time;
a second curve obtaining module, connected to the image obtaining module and the start-stop frame obtaining module, for obtaining the contrast agent area of each frame of image between the start frame and the end frame of the coronary artery DSA image in the resting state, and further generating a second curve of the contrast agent area changing with time in the resting state;
the parameter calculation module calculates the coronary flow reserve based on the slope of the first curve and the slope of the second curve.
8. The coronary flow reserve computing device of claim 1, further comprising:
a first area obtaining module, connected to the image obtaining module, for obtaining a contrast agent area variation of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state in a first time period as a first area variation;
a second area obtaining module, connected to the image obtaining module, configured to obtain a contrast agent area variation of the coronary DSA image in the resting state in the first time period, as a second area variation;
the parameter calculation module calculates the coronary flow reserve according to the ratio of the first area variation and the second area variation.
9. The coronary flow reserve computing device of claim 1, further comprising:
and the denoising module is connected with the image acquisition module and is used for denoising the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state and the coronary DSA image in the rest state.
10. A coronary flow reserve calculation apparatus, comprising:
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a coronary artery DSA image in a hyperemia state and a coronary artery DSA image in a resting state;
a first area obtaining module, connected to the image obtaining module, for obtaining a contrast agent area variation of the coronary DSA image in the hyperemia state in a first time period as a first area variation;
the second area acquisition module is connected with the image acquisition module and is used for acquiring the contrast agent area variation of the coronary DSA image in the resting state in the first time period as a second area variation;
and the parameter calculation module is connected with the first area acquisition module and the second area acquisition module and is used for calculating coronary blood flow reserve according to the first area variation and the second area variation.
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