CN111625609A - Storage, and GIS-based space element data presentation method, system and equipment - Google Patents
Storage, and GIS-based space element data presentation method, system and equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a storage, a method, a system and a device for presenting space element data based on a GIS, wherein the method comprises the following steps: converting the coordinate system of the geographic information elements of the target area into a unified coordinate system in the GIS platform; determining a plurality of analysis dimensions which accord with a preset rule in the space element data as specific dimensions, and distributing a corresponding color hue for each specific dimension; when a geographic model of a target area based on a GIS platform is generated, gridding the spatial element data, and generating a numerical value of each analysis dimension of the spatial element data in each grid in the geographic model; determining the color of the area corresponding to each grid in the geographic model, including: determining a specific dimension of which the numerical value is in a preset range as a coloring dimension; performing color fusion according to the color hue corresponding to each coloring dimension to generate a presenting hue of the grid; the invention can effectively expand the representation elements and the use scenes of the application system based on the GIS platform constructed according to the geographic model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geographic information application, in particular to a storage, and a method, a system and a device for presenting spatial element data based on a GIS (geographic information system).
Background
With the continuous development of technology, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have been widely used in various fields. The visual city management system constructed based on the two-dimensional GIS or the three-dimensional GIS geographic model can visually present various key data of a city operation core system, so that management decision support is carried out in the fields of emergency command, city management, public safety, environmental protection, intelligent transportation, infrastructure and the like, and intelligent city management and operation are further realized.
By means of the visualized city management system, various statistical data (such as demographic data, economic data and the like) can be presented in a regional mode in a graphical mode, so that data comparison between regions is achieved, and data support is provided for various analysis and decisions in the city management process.
In the current two-dimensional geographic model or three-dimensional geographic model, when the two-dimensional geographic model or three-dimensional geographic model is used for visually presenting certain spatial element data, a thermodynamic diagram mode is often adopted, specifically, the size of the data value of the spatial element data is represented by corresponding positions of different colors in the geographic model, for example, the spatial element data is population data, the distribution situation of different parts of a region can be represented by the change of the colors, a dark place represents that the population density of the part of the region is high or the population number is large, and a light place represents that the population density of the part of the region is low or the population number is small.
The inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following defects through research:
the conventional thermodynamic diagram can only show the size of a single data value of the spatial element data, and cannot intuitively express other data characteristics of the spatial element data, so that the application scene of the geographic model is limited.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to realize visual presentation of specific data characteristics of space element data in a geographic model.
The invention provides a GIS-based space element data presentation method, which comprises the following steps:
converting the coordinate system of the geographic information elements of the target area into a unified coordinate system in the GIS platform;
determining a plurality of analysis dimensions which accord with a preset rule in the space element data as specific dimensions, and distributing a corresponding color hue for each specific dimension;
when a geographic model of the target area based on a GIS platform is generated, gridding the space element data, and generating a numerical value of each analysis dimension of the space element data in each grid in the geographic model;
determining the color of the area corresponding to each grid in the geographic model, including: determining a specific dimension of which the numerical value is in a preset range as a coloring dimension; and performing color fusion according to the color hues corresponding to the coloring dimensions to generate the presenting hues of the grids.
In the present invention, the preset rule includes:
the spatial element data includes a plurality of analysis dimensions for expressing a plurality of degree range intervals of the same concept.
In the present invention, the specific dimension determined according to the preset rule includes:
the method comprises the steps of dividing a plurality of age groups according to a preset dividing rule, wherein each age group corresponds to a specific dimensionality.
In the present invention, the number of the specific dimensions includes 3.
In the present invention, the color hues assigned to each of the particular dimensions are red, green, and blue, respectively.
In the present invention, the performing color fusion according to the color hues corresponding to the coloring dimensions to generate the presentation hues of the grid includes:
the rendering hue is generated according to the principle of three primary color mixing.
In the present invention, when the geographic model is a three-dimensional geographic model, the method further includes:
other spatial element data represented by heights in the three-dimensional geographic model.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a spatial element data presentation device based on a GIS, including:
the coordinate conversion unit is used for converting a coordinate system of the geographic information elements of the target area into a coordinate system unified in the GIS platform;
the hue allocation unit is used for determining a plurality of analysis dimensions in the space element data, which accord with a preset rule, into specific dimensions and allocating a corresponding color hue to each specific dimension;
the grid generating unit is used for gridding the space element data when generating a geographic model of the target area based on a GIS platform and generating a numerical value of each analysis dimension of the space element data in each grid in the geographic model;
the color determining unit is used for determining the color of the area corresponding to each grid in the geographic model, and comprises the following steps: determining a specific dimension of which the numerical value is in a preset range as a coloring dimension; and performing color fusion according to the color hues corresponding to the coloring dimensions to generate the presenting hues of the grids.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a memory including a software program adapted to execute the steps of the above GIS-based spatial element data presentation method by a processor.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a GIS-based space element data presentation device, which includes a computer program stored on a memory, where the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer executes the method according to the above aspects, and achieves the same technical effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in order to realize visual presentation of specific data characteristics of space element data in a geographic model, increase more representation elements which can be visually presented through the geographic model, and enlarge the use scene of an application system which is constructed according to the geographic model and is based on a GIS platform, the embodiment of the invention utilizes the principle that hue fusion of different colors can generate new color hues, determines a plurality of analysis dimensions of the space element data into specific dimensions, and then performs color hue distribution of each specific dimension, thereby representing the proportion of different specific dimensions through the final presentation hue; the embodiment of the invention can intuitively present the age group distribution characteristics or the specific data characteristics such as contribution ratios of different industrial economic data in the overall economic data. Therefore, the representation elements and the use scenes of the application system based on the GIS platform constructed according to the geographic model can be effectively enlarged.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the technical means implementable in accordance with the contents of the description, and to make the above and other objects, technical features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, one or more preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating steps of a GIS-based spatial element data presentation method according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a GIS-based spatial element data presentation apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a GIS-based spatial element data presentation device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or portions, and are not used to define a particular position or relative relationship. In other words, the terms "first," "second," and the like may also be interchanged with one another in some embodiments.
Example one
In order to implement intuitive presentation of specific data characteristics of spatial element data in a geographic model, as shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for presenting spatial element data based on a GIS is provided, including the steps of:
s11, converting the coordinate system of the geographic information elements of the target area into a coordinate system unified in the GIS platform;
in order to enable application systems based on a GIS platform, such as a visual city management system generated by a geographic model, and the like, to better visually present various spatial element data, geographic information data of geographic information elements in a target area are firstly acquired. And then, converting the coordinate system of the geographic information elements of the target area into a unified coordinate system in the GIS platform through the conversion of the coordinate system, thereby realizing the construction of each geographic information element model in an application system based on the GIS platform.
In practical applications, the geographic model in the embodiment of the present invention may be a two-dimensional geographic model or a three-dimensional geographic model based on a GIS platform.
S12, determining a plurality of analysis dimensions in the space element data, which accord with a preset rule, into specific dimensions, and distributing a corresponding color hue to each specific dimension;
in some application scenarios, data characteristics of some data need to be visually presented in a geographic model, for example, the composition of age groups of population in each part of a target area needs to be presented, specifically, the age of a human is divided into three age groups, namely young, middle-aged and old according to the age, and then the age range corresponding to each age group is determined; after the division, the distribution conditions (which may be absolute numbers or proportions) of the age groups of the population in each partial area need to be presented in the geographic model by a color mode, so as to intuitively reflect that the number of young people in each partial area is large, the number of middle-aged people in each partial area is large, and the number of old people in each partial area is large. For example, it can be presented by way of color whether each part area is many young and old, young and middle-aged, or middle-aged and old.
Based on the above requirements, the core inventive idea of the embodiment of the present invention is to present specific data characteristics of space element data by color, specifically:
in the embodiment of the present invention, the spatial element data refers to data required for constructing a geographic model, such as the number of population and age data thereof, or economic data. The multiple analysis dimensions refer to the required data characteristics analyzed according to the spatial element data, and may be, for example, data characteristics such as the number of people and their age data, the number of people of each age group analyzed, or the proportion of each age group analyzed.
In the embodiment of the invention, each age group is corresponding to a specific dimension, and then the corresponding color hue is allocated to each specific dimension, so that each age group can correspond to one color hue. In practical applications, when the number of the specific dimensions is three, the three specific dimensions can be respectively corresponding to the hues of one of the three primary colors, for example, young people (for example, aged 0-18) can use red, middle-aged people (for example, aged 19-60) can use green, and old people (for example, aged over 61) can use blue.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the preset rule may specifically be that the space element data includes a plurality of analysis dimensions for expressing a plurality of degree range intervals of the same concept.
Specifically, the population data as the same concept can be further analyzed to obtain the respective proportions of several analysis dimensions of a plurality of different age groups; in addition, as economic data of the same concept, the respective proportions of three analysis dimensions of the first industrial economic data, the second industrial economic data and the third industrial economic data can be further analyzed.
As can be seen from the above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the division of the age group is only an example of the plurality of analysis dimensions, and in practical applications, other division manners may be included, for example, the whole economic data may be divided into the first industrial economic data, the second industrial economic data, and the third industrial economic data. Those skilled in the art can adaptively divide the data according to actual needs, and the division is not specifically limited herein.
S13, when a geographic model of the target area based on a GIS platform is generated, gridding the space element data, and generating a numerical value of each analysis dimension of the space element data in each grid in the geographic model;
when a geographic model of a target area based on a GIS platform is constructed, the spatial element data need to be gridded, so that the quantity of distribution data in each grid can be calculated, namely, the numerical value of each analysis dimension of the spatial element data in each grid in the geographic model is generated;
also taking the example that the spatial element data is population data, through this step, the population and the proportion of each age group in each grid can be calculated (that is, the value of each analysis dimension can be the proportion value).
S14, determining the color of the area corresponding to each grid in the geographic model, including: determining a specific dimension of which the numerical value is in a preset range as a coloring dimension; and performing color fusion according to the color hues corresponding to the coloring dimensions to generate the presenting hues of the grids.
Hue is the primary characteristic of color, and is the most accurate standard for distinguishing various colors, and the fusion of more than two color hues can also generate a new color hue, so that the proportion of each analysis dimension (coloring dimension) is presented by the embodiment of the invention through the different color hues and the fusion thereof, specifically:
or taking the example that the space element data is population data, on the premise that the preset range is set to be larger than 40%, in a certain grid, if the proportion of the old people is 60%, the proportion of the young people is 20%, and the proportion of the middle-aged people is 20% of the three specific dimensions, only the proportion of the old people is in the preset range, at this time, only one coloring dimension is blue corresponding to the old people, so that the color phase of the grid is blue.
If the proportion of the elderly is 45% and the proportion of the middle aged is 10% of the three specific dimensions, the proportion of the elderly and the proportion of the young are in a preset range, two coloring dimensions are provided, namely blue corresponding to the elderly and red corresponding to the young, so that the presenting hue of the grid is the color (purple) formed by fusing the blue and the red.
If the proportion of the old people is 45%, the proportion of the middle aged people is 45%, and the proportion of the young people is 10% of the three specific dimensions, at this time, the proportion of the old people and the proportion of the middle aged people are within a preset range, at this time, two coloring dimensions are provided, namely blue corresponding to the old people and green corresponding to the middle aged people, so that the presenting hue of the grid is the color (cyan) formed by fusing the blue and the green.
Thus, the composition proportion of different age groups of different partial areas in the target area can be intuitively reflected through the fused rendering hue.
Preferably, when the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a three-dimensional geographic model, other spatial element data may also be presented by a height in the three-dimensional geographic model.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention may further include spatial element data for characterizing population density, so that in the three-dimensional geographic model, the population density in each region may be further characterized by a terrain height (the terrain may be higher if the population density is higher), and thus the terrain and the color of the three-dimensional geographic model may be combined to simultaneously characterize the population density and the age group ratio of each region in the target region, thereby effectively expanding the characterization elements and the usage scenarios of the geographic model.
When other space element data in the embodiment of the invention are economic data, the height of the economic data in each part area can be represented by the terrain height, so that the economic data and the age group occupation condition of each part area in the target area can be simultaneously represented by combining the terrain and the color of the three-dimensional geographic model.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the principle that fusion of different color hues can generate a new color hue, determines a plurality of analysis dimensions of space element data as specific dimensions, and then performs color hue distribution of each specific dimension, so that the occupation ratio of different specific dimensions can be represented by the final presented hue; the embodiment of the invention can intuitively present the age group distribution characteristics or the contribution ratios of different industrial economic data and other specific data characteristics. Therefore, the representation elements and the use scenes of the application system based on the GIS platform constructed according to the geographic model can be effectively enlarged.
In another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a spatial element data presentation device based on a GIS is further provided, and fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the spatial element data presentation device based on a GIS according to the embodiment of the present invention, where the spatial element data presentation device based on a GIS is a device corresponding to the spatial element data presentation method based on a GIS in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1, that is, the spatial element data presentation method based on a GIS in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1 is implemented by using a virtual device, and each virtual module constituting the spatial element data presentation device based on a GIS may be executed by an electronic device, such as a network device, a terminal device, or a server. Specifically, the GIS-based spatial element data presentation device in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
the coordinate conversion unit 01 is used for converting a coordinate system of the geographic information elements of the target area into a coordinate system unified in the GIS platform;
the hue allocation unit 02 is configured to determine a plurality of analysis dimensions in the space element data, which meet a preset rule, as specific dimensions, and allocate a corresponding color hue to each specific dimension;
the grid generating unit 03 is configured to, when generating a geographic model of the target area based on the GIS platform, grid the spatial element data, and generate a numerical value of each analysis dimension of the spatial element data in each grid in the geographic model;
the color determining unit 04 is configured to determine a color of an area corresponding to each grid in the geographic model, and includes: determining a specific dimension of which the numerical value is in a preset range as a coloring dimension; and performing color fusion according to the color hues corresponding to the coloring dimensions to generate the presenting hues of the grids.
Since the working principle and the beneficial effects of the device for presenting space element data based on GIS in the embodiment of the present invention have been described and explained in the method for presenting space element data based on GIS corresponding to fig. 1, they can be referred to each other and will not be described herein again.
EXAMPLE III
In an embodiment of the present invention, a memory is further provided, where the memory includes a software program, and the software program is adapted to enable a processor to execute each step in the GIS-based spatial element data presentation method corresponding to fig. 1.
The embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by a software program, that is, by writing a software program (and an instruction set) for implementing each step in the GIS-based spatial element data presentation method corresponding to fig. 1, the software program is stored in a storage device, and the storage device is disposed in a computer device, so that the software program can be called by a processor of the computer device to implement the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention.
Example four
In an embodiment of the present invention, a device for presenting spatial element data based on a GIS is further provided, where a memory included in the device for presenting spatial element data based on a GIS includes a corresponding computer program product, and when a program instruction included in the computer program product is executed by a computer, the computer may execute the method for presenting spatial element data based on a GIS according to the above aspects, and achieve the same technical effect.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hardware configuration of a GIS-based spatial element data presentation device as an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the device includes one or more processors 610, a bus 630, and a memory 620. Taking one processor 610 as an example, the apparatus may further include: input device 640, output device 650.
The processor 610, the memory 620, the input device 640, and the output device 650 may be connected by a bus or other means, such as the bus connection in fig. 3.
The memory 620, which is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, may be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer executable programs, and modules. The processor 610 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device, i.e., the processing method of the above-described method embodiment, by executing the non-transitory software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 620.
The memory 620 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data and the like. Further, the memory 620 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 620 optionally includes memory located remotely from the processor 610, which may be connected to the processing device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The input device 640 may receive input numeric or character information and generate a signal input. The output device 650 may include a display device such as a display screen.
The one or more modules are stored in the memory 620 and, when executed by the one or more processors 610, perform:
converting the coordinate system of the geographic information elements of the target area into a unified coordinate system in the GIS platform;
determining a plurality of analysis dimensions which accord with a preset rule in the space element data as specific dimensions, and distributing a corresponding color hue for each specific dimension;
when a geographic model of the target area based on a GIS platform is generated, gridding the space element data, and generating a numerical value of each analysis dimension of the space element data in each grid in the geographic model;
determining the color of the area corresponding to each grid in the geographic model, including: determining a specific dimension of which the numerical value is in a preset range as a coloring dimension; and performing color fusion according to the color hues corresponding to the coloring dimensions to generate the presenting hues of the grids.
The product can execute the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, and has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. For technical details that are not described in detail in this embodiment, reference may be made to the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage device and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage device includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a ReRAM, an MRAM, a PCM, a NAND Flash, a NOR Flash, a memrisor, a magnetic or optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A GIS-based spatial element data presentation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
converting the coordinate system of the geographic information elements of the target area into a unified coordinate system in the GIS platform;
determining a plurality of analysis dimensions which accord with a preset rule in the space element data as specific dimensions, and distributing a corresponding color hue for each specific dimension;
when a geographic model of the target area based on a GIS platform is generated, gridding the space element data, and generating a numerical value of each analysis dimension of the space element data in each grid in the geographic model;
determining the color of the area corresponding to each grid in the geographic model, including: determining a specific dimension of which the numerical value is in a preset range as a coloring dimension; and performing color fusion according to the color hues corresponding to the coloring dimensions to generate the presenting hues of the grids.
2. The GIS-based spatial element data presentation method according to claim 1, wherein the preset rule includes:
the spatial element data includes a plurality of analysis dimensions for expressing a plurality of degree range intervals of the same concept.
3. The method for presenting the GIS-based spatial element data according to claim 2, wherein the step of determining the specific dimension according to the preset rule comprises:
the method comprises the steps of dividing a plurality of age groups according to a preset dividing rule, wherein each age group corresponds to a specific dimensionality.
4. The GIS based spatial element data presentation method of claim 3,
the number of the specific dimensions includes 3.
5. The GIS based spatial element data presentation method of claim 4,
the color hues assigned to each of the particular dimensions are red, green, and blue, respectively.
6. The method for presenting the spatial element data based on the GIS of claim 5, wherein the generating the presentation hue of the grid by performing color fusion according to the color hue corresponding to each coloring dimension comprises:
the rendering hue is generated according to the principle of three primary color mixing.
7. The method for presenting GIS based spatial element data according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein when the geographic model is a three-dimensional geographic model, further comprising:
other spatial element data represented by heights in the three-dimensional geographic model.
8. A GIS-based spatial element data presentation apparatus, comprising:
the coordinate conversion unit is used for converting a coordinate system of the geographic information elements of the target area into a coordinate system unified in the GIS platform;
the hue allocation unit is used for determining a plurality of analysis dimensions in the space element data, which accord with a preset rule, into specific dimensions and allocating a corresponding color hue to each specific dimension;
the grid generating unit is used for gridding the space element data when generating a geographic model of the target area based on a GIS platform and generating a numerical value of each analysis dimension of the space element data in each grid in the geographic model;
the color determining unit is used for determining the color of the area corresponding to each grid in the geographic model, and comprises the following steps: determining a specific dimension of which the numerical value is in a preset range as a coloring dimension; and performing color fusion according to the color hues corresponding to the coloring dimensions to generate the presenting hues of the grids.
9. A memory comprising a software program adapted to execute the steps of the GIS-based spatial element data presentation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 by a processor.
10. A GIS-based spatial element data rendering device comprising a bus, a processor and a memory as claimed in claim 9;
the bus is used for connecting the memory and the processor;
the processor is configured to execute a set of instructions in the memory.
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