CN1116242C - Low-base and low-dosage swelling agent for concrete - Google Patents

Low-base and low-dosage swelling agent for concrete Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1116242C
CN1116242C CN98126823A CN98126823A CN1116242C CN 1116242 C CN1116242 C CN 1116242C CN 98126823 A CN98126823 A CN 98126823A CN 98126823 A CN98126823 A CN 98126823A CN 1116242 C CN1116242 C CN 1116242C
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concrete
low
alum
calcium
base
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CN1260329A (en
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金树青
沈熙佐
倪朝民
许衡宇
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/42—Pore formers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/10—Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
    • C04B2111/1025—Alkali-free or very low alkali-content materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low-base and low-dosage swelling agent for concrete, which uses aluminium powders, anhydrous gypsum or dihydrate gypsum, and calcium oxides or calcium carbides as swelling components; alum sludge is used as early strength components; alum dregs or pyrophyllite is used as strengthening components; the compounding materials are mixed according to proportion and then processed in a ball milling mode to obtain the product. When base content is less than 0.6% in the low-base and low-dosage swelling agent for concrete, the dosage is from 4 to 5%. The present invention has the advantage of favorable swelling properties, can effectively combine and compensate cracks formed at the early shrinkage and the later shrinkage of concrete, and meanwhile can effectively prevent the harm of the potential base-aggregate reaction of the concrete.

Description

Low-base and low-dosage swelling agent for concrete
The present invention relates to a kind of cement additive, exactly is a kind of low-base and low-dosage swelling agent for concrete that uses multiple expansion component can unite compensate for shrinkage, trade(brand)name JEA-S type low-alkali high-efficiency cement expansive material.
For solving concrete because of contraction rimose problem, the one, the development expansive cement, as the Europe, the United States various countries, the 2nd, development cement additive--swelling agent is as China and Japan.With gypsum, alunite is that the various swelling agents of expansion component have successfully been used more than twenty year in China.
Causing another major reason of concrete cracking is alkali.So-called alkali is exactly alkali and the sand in cement and admixture or the environment, and the objectionable constituent generation chemical reaction during stone etc. gather materials causes concrete to expand, ftracture and rust other unfavorable factors produce collaborative destructive phenomenon.The alkali process is slow, and is subtle during the reaction beginning, spreads and be difficult to control it after in a single day reaction takes place, and other destructive factors that its harm often is applied are again covered.So this breakoff phenomenon is concrete " cancer " by the analogy of material brainstrust.Cure not properly at present, can only focus on prevention.
The Chinese Academy of Engineering once organized " the important concrete structures of China lost efficacy, destroys and repaired, prevents and treats " this special problem investigation October nineteen ninety-five.Think that after having an informal discussion, analyzing the reason that some great concrete workses of China Beijing-Tianjin area " are become old and weak before one's age " is except artificial and factor of environmental, alkali is one of factor of early damage.The output that increases considerably low alkali cement is one of preventive measures of brainstrust suggestion.(" Science and Technology Daily " 1998.5.12 the 1st edition).So-called low alkali cement is meant that alkali content in the cement is less than 0.6%.China's some areas cement alkali content sees Table one.
Cement should hang down alkali, and cement additive also should hang down alkali, and volume will lack.The big academician in Wuzhong etc. points out in " expansive concrete " book: " when the volume of alumite plumping agent reaches 20%, the alkali number of being brought into (K2O, Na2O etc.) will reach limiting the quantity of of alkali-aggregate reaction.”(P.54)。To the alkali content in the swelling agent, Nippon Standard (JISA6202:1997) regulation is not more than 0.75%, does not stipulate in China's primary standard (JC476-92) that in February, 1998, after revising (JC476-1998) also stipulated to be not more than 0.75%.
The low alkali alumite plumping agent of the disclosed series of CN1125701A is the low alkali swelling agent that applicant Jin Shuqing, Shen Xizuo utilize industrial residue to succeed in developing in China after noticing alkali first, than before various alumite plumping agent alkali contents reduce to 1.09～1.37% by 1.7～2.2%, incorporation also reduces to 7～9% by 12～20%.
The disclosed high-efficiency concrete expansion admixture of CN10927477A is formed with calcium aluminate clinker and anhydrite, unslaked lime, the common grinding of alunite by sulphoaluminate cement clinker, and alkali content is less than 0.5%, but volume is between 6～23%.
The disclosed alkali-free swelling agent of CN1127231A is formed by the same gypsum of sulphoaluminate cement clinker, the common grinding of lime.
Swelling agent provided by the present invention before goes a step further again than the disclosed low alkali expansion agent series of CN1125701A.Alkali content is lower, and incorporation still less is intended to prevent the harm of alkali, can unite the crack that compensating concrete is early stage and the later stage contraction causes simultaneously, plays the effect of anticracking, protection against the tide, antiseepage, leakproof, and reduces construction costs.
The present invention realizes like this.Select for use the multiple material of aluminium powder and dehydrated gyp-or dihydrate gypsum and calcium oxide or carbide of calcium as expansion component, alum mud is as early strong component, and alum slag or pyrophyllite are as strengthening component.More than three kinds of components be milled to certain fineness in the ball mill endosphere after in following ratio (weight percent) mix and promptly get JEA-S type low-alkali high-efficiency swelling agent.
Aluminium powder: 0.07～0.6%
Dehydrated gyp-or dihydrate gypsum: 40～80%
Calcium oxide or carbide of calcium: 9～40%
Alum mud: 5～30%
Alum slag or pyrophyllite: 5～30%.
Dehydrated gyp-or dihydrate gypsum can be used alone, but also also mix together, and mutual ratio can be any when mixing use.
Calcium oxide or carbide of calcium also can use or mix use separately, and mutual ratio can be any when mixing use.
Alum slag or pyrophyllite are as the same.
Refine alum with alunite, the alum slag of the waste residue meaning of discharging, the alum mud of sedimentary tankage meaning.The both is the waste material of contaminate environment, demands development and use urgently.
Alkali content of the present invention all is lower than 0.75% of China and Nippon Standard regulation less than 0.6%; Volume is 5%, and the disclosed volume of CN1125701A is 7～9%, and Japanese swelling agent electrification CSA volume is 10%.Volume means that less warehousing, the costs of transportation and management are little, can reduce construction costs under the prerequisite of ensuring the quality of products.
This product is deposited and was never degenerated in 3 years.Its expansion character is excellent especially, auspiciously sees Table 2 and Fig. 1.Fig. 1 is the expansion curve of drawing according to the data of table 2.
The JEA-V type promptly is gypsum, the alumite plumping agent of domestic widespread usage among the figure, the JEA-S type promptly is the application's a swelling agent, method by the JC476-92 standard code is under equal conditions done contrast test, the curve of being painted proves, the JEA-V type did not expand within behind the moulding moulding 24 hours, without limits rate of expansion, began later in 24 hours to expand, to 48 hours limited expansion rates 0.063 ‰.JEA-S just expands in 24 hours behind the moulding moulding, and limited expansion rate to 24 hour reaches 0.095 ‰, reaches 0.18 ‰ in 48 hours.JEA-S not only can compensating concrete later stage shrink, early-age shrinkage that simultaneously can compensating concrete can effectively prevent concrete early crack.
Other performances of this product see Table three:
Table three
Ultimate compression strength Folding strength
7 days 28 days 7 days 28 days
42.8MPa 59.5MPa 7.8MPa 9.45MPa
Analytical table two, Fig. 1 and table three the present invention as can be seen reach and surpass the standard of JC476-92 China swelling agent standard and JISA6202-1997 Japan swelling agent.Its performance of uniting compensation early-age shrinkage and later stage contraction is better than other any swelling agents both at home and abroad.
Be referred to as plastic shrinkage about early-age shrinkage Britain scholar Neville (A.M.Neville), because at this moment concrete still is in plastic state.Concrete surface all can promote plastic shrinkage because of evaporation water loss or the dehydration that causes because of the substrate drying moisture absorption, and may cause surface cracking.The crack generally to the vertical direction development, forms irregular deep torn grain.Typical plastic shrinkage cracks normally is parallel to each other, and spacing is 0.1～1 meter, and the suitable degree of depth is arranged.The cement consumption of concrete mix is high more and the concrete scleroma is fast more, and early-age shrinkage is just big more.(" concrete performance ", (English) A.M. Neville work, Lee state dissolve etc. to translate, Jiang Ende etc. publishes in school, China Construction Industry Press, December nineteen eighty-three).
The concrete developing direction of China is to eliminate fat beams and columns type development thin-walled high-strength concrete from now on.But China's cement of high index is promptly greater than 625 #Cement output few, widely used is 425 #With 525 #Cement, cement consumption will increase relatively in the time of will preparing C4O, C5O with the C6O concrete like this, so its early-age shrinkage can not be ignored.In addition, use the thin-walled high-strength concrete, its ratio of reinforcement also will increase.When the reinforcing bar amount increases in the concrete, also be easy to generate early-age shrinkage.The present invention has the effect of compensation early-age shrinkage prevention early crack, will be very useful to development thin-walled high-strength concrete therefore.
Early-age shrinkage is the universal phenomenon of outwardness, just solves by maintenance at present, and the various swelling agents that China and Japan use all do not compensate the function of early-age shrinkage, prevention early crack.Up-to-date literature survey result shows that also still not uniting at present both at home and abroad compensate for shrinkage had just not only compensated early-age shrinkage, but also compensated the expansive agent for cement slurry that the later stage shrinks.
Alkali content of the present invention is low, can effectively prevent the harm of alkali.
Volume of the present invention is few, has both guaranteed construction quality, reduces construction costs again.
This product can be widely used in the onsite concrete roof structure from waterproof, roofing rigid waterproofing, concrete basement structure from waterproof and concrete airport runway, motorway, non-reinforced concrete and mortar etc., all have and unite compensation early-age shrinkage and the later stage and shrink and prevent the rimose effect, the effect of splendid anticracking, protection against the tide, leakproof, antiseepage is arranged.Prevent the harm of alkali simultaneously, prolong the concrete life-span.
Non-limiting examples:
With ball milling 500Kg JEA-S type swelling agent is example.
1, get aluminium powder 0.35Kg, anhydrite 200Kg, calcium oxide 45Kg, alum mud 150Kg, alum slag 104.65Kg drops into ball milling in the ball mill together.When fineness reaches the discharging less than 10% time of 0.08mm square hole sieve screen over-size.Down together, operation slightly.
2, get aluminium powder 0.4Kg, dihydrate gypsum 200Kg, carbide of calcium 50Kg, alum mud 99.6Kg, pyrophyllite 150Kg.
3, get aluminium powder 3Kg, anhydrite 400Kg, calcium oxide 45Kg, alum mud 26Kg, alum slag 26Kg.
4, get aluminium powder 3Kg, dihydrate gypsum 400Kg, carbide of calcium 45Kg, alum mud 26Kg, pyrophyllite 26Kg.
5, get aluminium powder 0.5Kg, anhydrite 100Kg, dihydrate gypsum 150Kg, calcium oxide 50Kg, alum mud 100Kg, alum slag 99.5Kg.
6, get aluminium powder 0.5Kg, anhydrite 150Kg, dihydrate gypsum 100Kg, carbide of calcium 50Kg, alum mud 99.5Kg, pyrophyllite 100Kg.
7, get aluminium powder 0.5Kg, anhydrite 200Kg, calcium oxide 100Kg, carbide of calcium 100Kg, alum mud 30Kg, alum slag 69.5Kg.
8, get aluminium powder 0.5Kg, dihydrate gypsum 200Kg, calcium oxide 120Kg, carbide of calcium 80Kg, alum mud 59.5Kg, pyrophyllite 40Kg.
9, get aluminium powder 3Kg, anhydrite 100Kg, dihydrate gypsum 300Kg, calcium oxide 45Kg, alum mud 25Kg, alum slag 27Kg.
10, get aluminium powder 3Kg, anhydrite 300Kg, dihydrate gypsum 100Kg, carbide of calcium 45Kg, alum mud 27Kg, pyrophyllite 25Kg.
11, get aluminium powder 3Kg, anhydrite 300Kg, calcium oxide 100Kg, carbide of calcium 40Kg, alum mud 25Kg, alum slag 32Kg.
12. get aluminium powder 3Kg, dihydrate gypsum 300Kg, calcium oxide 40Kg, carbide of calcium 100Kg, alum mud 32Kg, pyrophyllite 25Kg.
13, get aluminium powder 1Kg, anhydrite 200Kg, calcium oxide 100Kg, alum mud 49Kg, alum slag 50Kg, pyrophyllite 100Kg.
14, get aluminium powder 1Kg, dihydrate gypsum 200Kg, carbide of calcium 100Kg, alum mud 49Kg, alum slag 100Kg, pyrophyllite 50Kg.
15, get aluminium powder 2Kg, anhydrite 200Kg, dihydrate gypsum 100Kg, calcium oxide 100Kg, alum mud 48Kg, alum slag 20Kg, pyrophyllite 30Kg.
16, get aluminium powder 2Kg, anhydrite 100Kg, dihydrate gypsum 200Kg, carbide of calcium 100Kg, alum mud 48Kg, alum slag 35Kg, pyrophyllite 15Kg.
17, get aluminium powder 2Kg, anhydrite 200Kg, calcium oxide 50Kg, carbide of calcium 150Kg, alum mud 45Kg, alum slag 23Kg, pyrophyllite 30Kg.
18, get aluminium powder 2Kg, dihydrate gypsum 200Kg, calcium oxide 30Kg, carbide of calcium 15Kg, alum mud 120Kg, alum slag 80Kg, pyrophyllite 53Kg.
19, get aluminium powder 2.5Kg, anhydrite 200Kg, dihydrate gypsum 200Kg, calcium oxide 20Kg, carbide of calcium 25Kg, alum mud 25.5Kg, alum slag 10Kg, pyrophyllite 17Kg.
20, get aluminium powder 2.5Kg, anhydrite 100Kg, dihydrate gypsum 100Kg, calcium oxide 100Kg, carbide of calcium 100Kg, alum mud 25.5Kg, alum slag 50Kg, pyrophyllite 22Kg.
21, get aluminium powder 1.5Kg, anhydrite 50Kg, dihydrate gypsum 250Kg, calcium oxide 20Kg, carbide of calcium 100Kg, alum mud 30Kg, alum slag 8.5Kg, pyrophyllite 40Kg.
22, get aluminium powder 1.5Kg, anhydrite 150Kg, dihydrate gypsum 50Kg, calcium oxide 80Kg, carbide of calcium 20Kg, alum mud 80Kg, alum slag 100Kg, pyrophyllite 18.5Kg.
Alkalinity table one in China part south and the northern cement
The place of production Cement type K 2O％ Na 2O％ Conversion total alkali content %
Chaohu, Anhui 525 #The general silicon in Chaohu 0.71 0.17 0.637
The Hefei ,Anhui 425 #The Hefei slag 0.48 0.37 0.686
Yunnan Province 525 #The general silicon in Kunming 0.52 0.12 0.462
Yunnan Province 525 #The Kunming slag 0.50 0.12 0.449
The Northeast 425 #Changbai Mountain board slag 0.72 0.45 0.924
The Northeast 425 #Numerous mountains board slag 0.93 0.47 1.082
The Changchun 425 #The general silicon of the board of making a leapleap forward 0.99 0.46 1.112
Table two
The swelling agent title Specimen molding begin curing time (hour)
Initial set begins reading 24 48 72 96 120 144 168 240 336
The JEA-V type Confined expansion reading (mm) 158.425 158.425 158.435 158.45 158.46 158.463 158.468 158.47 158.475 158.49
Confined expansion value (mm) 0 0 0.01 0.025 0.035 0.038 0.043 0.045 0.05 0.065
Limited expansion rate (‰) 0 0 0.063 0.16 0.22 0.24 0.27 0.28 0.32 0.41
The JEA-S type Confined expansion reading (mm) 158.53 158.545 158.56 158.565 158.57 158.575 158.58 158.594 158.594 158.594
Confined expansion value (mm) 0 0.015 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.05 0.064 0.064 0.064
Limited expansion rate (‰) 0 0.095 0.18 0.22 0.25 0.28 0.32 0.405 0.405 0.405

Claims (1)

1, a kind of low-base and low-dosage swelling agent for concrete is formed by expansion component, early strong component and enhancing component ball milling behind mix, and it is characterized in that: each component is pressed following weight percent mix:
Aluminium powder: 0.07～0.6%
Dehydrated gyp-or dihydrate gypsum: 40～80%
Calcium oxide or carbide of calcium: 9～40%
Alum mud: 5～30%
Alum slag or pyrophyllite: 5～30%.
CN98126823A 1998-12-31 1998-12-31 Low-base and low-dosage swelling agent for concrete Expired - Fee Related CN1116242C (en)

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CN1116242C true CN1116242C (en) 2003-07-30

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103755204B (en) * 2014-01-23 2015-05-27 五家渠格辉化工有限责任公司 Anti-crack radiation-proof concrete additive
CN115974630A (en) * 2022-12-15 2023-04-18 韩城建中超能工贸有限责任公司 High-efficiency super-energy expanding agent for replacing explosive

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02245088A (en) * 1989-03-17 1990-09-28 Joban Kogyo Kk Material for foundation strengthening and soil conditioning
RU2049081C1 (en) * 1993-03-18 1995-11-27 Научно-исследовательский, проектно-конструкторский и технологический институт бетона и железобетона Expanding addition to cement
CN1125701A (en) * 1994-12-31 1996-07-03 金树青 Series paper alkali alumite plumping agent

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02245088A (en) * 1989-03-17 1990-09-28 Joban Kogyo Kk Material for foundation strengthening and soil conditioning
RU2049081C1 (en) * 1993-03-18 1995-11-27 Научно-исследовательский, проектно-конструкторский и технологический институт бетона и железобетона Expanding addition to cement
CN1125701A (en) * 1994-12-31 1996-07-03 金树青 Series paper alkali alumite plumping agent

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