CN111623813A - Long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on diffraction grating and working process - Google Patents
Long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on diffraction grating and working process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a long period fiber grating space division multiplex demodulation system based on diffraction grating, wherein the input of light multiplexing module is connected with light source module and singlechip module respectively, and the output is connected with light demodulation module. The optical multiplexing module comprises a light-operated switch, a long-period fiber grating array and an optical coupler. The singlechip module comprises a singlechip minimum system and a level and logic relation conversion module. The computer detection system transmits the instruction for switching the light-operated switch to the single chip microcomputer module through the serial port, and the single chip microcomputer module controls the pin level to complete the switching of the light path after receiving the instruction. The input end of the optical demodulation module is connected with the optical multiplexing module, and the output end of the optical demodulation module is connected with the computer detection system through a general interface bus. The computer module sends a control instruction to the optical demodulation module through the GPIB to complete demodulation of the optical signal, and the demodulated data is returned to the computer for data processing. The device can display the parameter change of the detection target in real time and can realize multipoint dispersion measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the sensing field of fiber gratings, and relates to a long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on a diffraction grating and a working process.
Background
Fiber gratings are very rapidly developed passive devices for optical fibers in recent times. The fiber grating has the characteristics of large bandwidth range, good wavelength selectivity, non-conductivity, high sensitivity, high resolution, corrosion resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance, polarization insensitivity and the like. Due to natural compatibility between the fiber grating and the optical fiber, the fiber grating is easy to be connected with the optical fiber, and has low loss, good spectral characteristics and high reliability. These advantages make fiber gratings and fiber grating-based devices ideal key devices in all-optical networks.
The basic working principle of the LPFG is to input light from a light source into an optical fiber and transmit the light to a grating region through the optical fiber, where external measured parameters (such as temperature, curvature, refractive index, strain, etc.) interact with the light entering the grating region, thereby changing the parameters of the light, such as wavelength, intensity, phase, etc. The sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, small volume and easy integration with a matrix structure, and is an important type in an intelligent structure sensor.
The precise demodulation of the sensor signal is one of the key technologies for the practical use of the optical fiber optical sensor, and for this reason, various technologies have been developed for the demodulation of the wavelength coding. If the matched filtering method is used for demodulating the fiber bragg grating, the sensor has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, but the method has high requirements on grating matching, small measurement range and low corresponding speed; a tunable F-P cavity filter demodulation method is applied, the method can achieve high strain resolution, and detection accuracy is affected by the stability of the F-P cavity and nonlinearity of PZT. Sweet; the method can obtain higher signal-to-noise ratio and resolution ratio by adopting the narrow-band spectrum with periodically changed wavelength to scan the reflection spectrum of the sensing fiber grating, but requires a tunable narrow-band light source to have narrow output spectrum and wide spectrum tuning range.
The above solutions have advantages and are suitable for the requirements of different sensing systems. However, many of these schemes have hysteresis because the wavelength selection is achieved by controlling the piezoelectric ceramic. In addition, in actual operation, there is a limitation in the slew rate (the speed at which the scanning voltage returns to the initial voltage). Some demodulation devices, such as tunable filters or tunable laser sources, are expensive, with few thousands of dollars and many tens of thousands of dollars, which are more expensive.
On the other hand, the multiplexing technology of the optical fiber sensor is the key for constructing the optical fiber distributed sensing system, and determines the overall performance and manufacturing cost of the optical fiber sensing network. The so-called optical fiber sensor multiplexing is to collect a plurality of sensing signals generated in an optical fiber sensing network into a single-mode optical fiber for transmission and to distinguish the signals in a certain sequence at a demodulation end, that is to say, the signals are separated
Due to the lack of feasible multiplexing and demultiplexing technologies, sensors have not found widespread application in the field of distributed optical fiber sensing. The huge bandwidth potential of the optical fiber is excavated, the optical fiber communication capacity is improved, and the optical multiplexing technology is developed at the same time. The working mechanism is that a multi-class optical composite combination form is formed on a single optical fiber through selection and matching of optical physical parameters, a plurality of or multiple classes of sensors are constructed, and multi-point quasi-distributed monitoring is realized. As 3 classical multiplexing forms of fiber grating multiplexing, wavelength division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, and frequency division multiplexing have been widely studied in the last 20 years.
How to construct a long-period optical fiber multiplexing and demodulating device which is miniaturized, portable, multi-channel detection, high in sensitivity and capable of being applied to field real-time analysis is a task to be solved urgently. According to the requirements of engineering application, a wavelength displacement detection technology which is small in size, low in price, high in sensitivity, high in light energy utilization rate and simple to operate needs to be selected and designed, the change of a detection target parameter can be displayed in real time, and multipoint dispersion measurement and centralized detection can be realized.
So far, no long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing real-time sensing system based on a diffraction grating has been proposed. The system performs light path switching through the optical switch, utilizes the multi-slit diffraction and interference effect through the diffraction grating, disperses the light beams emitted to the grating according to different wavelengths, and then forms a spectrum through focusing of the imaging mirror. The transmission intensity of the light source wavelength is determined by the corresponding transmission spectrum of each sensor. The sensors are arranged in an environment needing sensing, when a physical quantity to be measured in the environment changes, the resonance wavelength of each sensor drifts, the corresponding resonance wavelength and the corresponding transmissivity change, and the sensors can be distinguished through the resonance wavelength, so that the purpose of multiplexing and demodulating is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system and a work flow based on a diffraction grating, wherein the demodulation scheme has certain hysteresis, the rotation rate (the speed of returning a scanning voltage to an initial voltage) is limited during actual work, some demodulation devices are expensive, in addition, multipoint dispersion measurement and centralized detection of the fiber grating also become urgent requirements for practical development of a fiber grating sensing technology, and the patent provides the long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system and the work flow based on the diffraction grating, a light-operated switch is adopted for space division multiplexing, and the diffraction grating is utilized for demodulating wavelength. The system has small volume, low price, high sensitivity and high light energy utilization rate, can display the change of the detection target parameter in real time, and can realize multipoint dispersion measurement;
the principle of the invention is as follows: the light source module sends out optical signals, the optical signals are multiplexed through the optical multiplexing module, a photoswitch in the optical multiplexing module performs switching of optical paths through the single chip microcomputer, and the signals after the optical signals are multiplexed are demodulated through the optical demodulation module. In the optical signal demodulation module, optical signals modulated by the array enter the reflector, the wavelength range of the optical signals can be scanned by adjusting the position of the diffraction grating, different wavelengths can be separated by different angles of the diffraction grating, the optical signals are reflected by the reflector and transmitted to the detector, and finally the optical signals are detected by the detector, so that spectral analysis is realized. The data of the demodulated optical signal is returned to a computer detection system for data processing;
the invention provides a long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on a diffraction grating, which comprises a light source module, a light multiplexing module, a single chip microcomputer module, a computer detection system and a light demodulation module, wherein the input end of the light multiplexing module is respectively connected with the light source module and the single chip microcomputer module, the output end of the light multiplexing module is connected with the light demodulation module, the light multiplexing module comprises a light control switch, an array and an optical coupler, the single chip microcomputer module comprises a single chip microcomputer minimum system and a level and logic relation conversion module, the level and logic relation conversion module realizes USB to TTL conversion and is connected with the single chip microcomputer minimum system, the computer detection system transmits a command switched by the light control switch to the single chip microcomputer module through a serial port, and the single chip microcomputer module controls the level of a pin to complete the switching of a light path after receiving the command, the input of light demodulation module with the light multiplex module link to each other, the output pass through GPIB with computer detecting system (4) link to each other, the light demodulation module include speculum, diffraction grating and detector, computer detecting system (4) send through GPIB right the control command of light demodulation module accomplish the demodulation of light signal, the data return after the demodulation carries out data processing in the computer detecting system.
As a further improvement of the invention, the light source module is an ultra-wideband light source, the spectral range is 1250-1630 nm, the output power is more than 8.5mW, and the loss peak range is completely met.
As a further improvement of the invention, the optical multiplexing module consists of a photoswitch, an array and an optical coupler, wherein the photoswitch selects a 1 × 8 mechanical controllable photoswitch, an optical signal is directly coupled to an output end by moving an internal optical fiber, the optical path switching time is less than 10ms, the optical path switching is realized by changing the pin level, the optical coupler selects an optical fiber coupler, in the system, the number of channels of the photoswitch is 8, so that the 8 × 1 optical fiber coupler is selected, and eight optical paths are combined into one.
The invention is further improved by that the single chip microcomputer module is composed of a single chip microcomputer minimum system and a level and logic relation conversion module, the single chip microcomputer minimum system is mainly composed of a power supply, a reset circuit, an oscillation circuit and an extension part, the level and logic relation conversion module converts a USB level into a TTL level, namely, the level and logic relation conversion module is connected through a single chip microcomputer minimum system serial port, the computer detection system and the single chip microcomputer module are connected through a USB connecting line, and programs are downloaded and serial port communication is carried out.
As a further improvement of the invention, the optical demodulation module consists of a reflector, a diffraction grating and a detector, wherein the optical signal modulated by the array enters the reflector, the wavelength range of the optical signal can be scanned by adjusting the position of the diffraction grating, different wavelengths can be separated by different angles of the diffraction grating, the optical signal is reflected by the reflector and transmitted to the detector, and finally the optical signal is detected by the detector, so that the spectral analysis is realized.
The invention is further improved, the computer detection system is composed of four parts of switch control, wavelength acquisition, spectrum drawing and parameter display, the switch control is connected with the serial port of the singlechip for configuration, the serial port connected with the singlechip is selected and set to be the same as the baud rate of the singlechip, a pin level control program is written in the singlechip connected with the optical switch, and the light path selection is controlled through the pin level; the wavelength acquisition selects the start wavelength and the end wavelength of scanning by setting the central wavelength and the wavelength span, and executes communication with the optical demodulation module; the spectrum drawing function sets a scanning mode, the number of scanning points and a control command for executing scanning are transmitted to the optical demodulation module, the optical demodulation module starts scanning after identifying the three commands, and data of the wavelength axis and data of the transmissivity axis are transmitted to the computer after scanning is finished; the parameter display displays the measured parameter, the corresponding wavelength value, and the transmittance on the interface.
The invention provides a working process of a long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on a diffraction grating, which comprises the following specific steps:
1) the light source module provides a light source for the light multiplexing module;
2) the computer detection system sends a command for switching the light control switch to the single chip microcomputer module;
3) the singlechip module receives the instruction of the computer detection system and then controls the level of the pin to complete the switching of the optical path;
4) the computer detection system sends a control instruction to the optical demodulation module, and the optical demodulation module receives the instruction to complete demodulation of an optical signal;
5) and returning the demodulated data to the computer detection system for data processing, and finally restoring the spectrum, the resonance wavelength and the parameters of the long-period fiber grating.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on the diffraction grating adopts 1 multiplied by 8 light control switching light to multiplex the fiber grating, and can expand optical switches of more optical paths according to needs;
(2) the long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on the diffraction grating adopts the diffraction grating as a key device for demodulation, avoids the limitation of the slew rate and has relatively low cost;
(3) the long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on the diffraction grating, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the interface developed by a computer detection system is used as a human-computer interaction interface, the operation is convenient, the readability is strong, and the interface is attractive.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on a diffraction grating;
FIG. 2 is a workflow of the computer detection system of the present invention.
Reference number designations in the drawings:
1. a light source module; 2. an optical multiplexing module; 3. a single chip module; 4. a computer detection system; 5. and a light demodulation module.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings:
the patent provides a long period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system and work flow based on diffraction grating, adopts photoswitch to carry out space division multiplexing, utilizes diffraction grating to demodulate the wavelength. The system has the advantages of small volume, low price, high sensitivity and high light energy utilization rate, can display the change of the detection target parameter in real time, and can realize multipoint dispersion measurement.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on a diffraction grating. The system comprises a light source module 1, a light multiplexing module 2, a single chip microcomputer module 3, a computer detection system 4 and a light demodulation module 5. The input end of the optical multiplexing module 2 is respectively connected with the light source module 1 and the singlechip module 3, and the output end is connected with the optical demodulation module 5. The optical multiplexing module 2 includes an optical control switch, an LPFG array, and an optical coupler. The singlechip module 3 comprises a singlechip minimum system and a level and logic relation conversion module. The input end of the optical demodulation module 5 is connected with the optical multiplexing module 2, and the output end is connected with the computer detection system 4 through the GPIB. The optical demodulation block 5 includes a mirror, a diffraction grating, and a detector. The computer detection system 4 sends the control instruction to the optical demodulation module 5 through the GPIB to complete the demodulation of the optical signal, and the demodulated data is returned to the computer detection system 4 for data processing.
The long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on the diffraction grating comprises the following hardware: an OEBLS-2000 ultra-wideband light source; writing into LPFG of the hydrogen-doped germanium optical fiber with the same parameters by an excimer laser through an amplitude mask method; 1 × 8 mechanical controllable optical switch; an 8 × 1 fiber coupler; MC68HC08KX8 singlechip; a diffraction grating; mirrors, etc.
With reference to fig. 2, in the long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on a diffraction grating according to this embodiment, the work flow of the computer detection system is as follows:
1) the system starts the light path selection, and the singlechip controls the optical switch to the configured light path;
2) returning the light path information to the system, and controlling the demodulation module to scan by the system;
3) returning the wavelength and transmittance information obtained by scanning to the system;
4) reducing the resonance wavelength and parameter value of the central loss peak of the LPFG spectrogram and the LPFG;
5) and displaying the restored LPFG spectrogram and the demodulated resonance wavelength and temperature data on an upper computer.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, but any modifications or equivalent variations made according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. The long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on the diffraction grating comprises a light source module (1), a light multiplexing module (2), a single chip microcomputer module (3), a computer detection system (4) and a light demodulation module (5), and is characterized in that the input end of the light multiplexing module (2) is respectively connected with the light source module (1) and the single chip microcomputer module (3), the output end of the light multiplexing module (2) is connected with the light demodulation module (5), the light multiplexing module (2) comprises a light control switch, an array and an optical coupler, the single chip microcomputer module (3) comprises a single chip microcomputer minimum system and a level and logic relation conversion module, the level and logic relation conversion module realizes USB to TTL and is connected with the single chip microcomputer minimum system, and the computer detection system (4) transmits an instruction of light control switch switching to the single chip microcomputer module (3) through a serial port, singlechip module (3) receive the switching that the light path was accomplished to control pin level after the instruction, light demodulation module (5) the input with light multiplex module (2) link to each other, the output pass through GPIB with computer detection system (4) link to each other, light demodulation module (5) including speculum, diffraction grating and detector, computer detection system (4) send through GPIB right the control command of light demodulation module (5) accomplish the demodulation of light signal, the data return after the demodulation returns to computer detection system (4) in carry out data processing.
2. The long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on the diffraction grating is characterized in that the light source module (1) is an ultra-wideband light source, the spectral range is 1250-1630 nm, and the output power is more than 8.5 mW.
3. The diffraction grating-based long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system of claim 1, wherein the optical multiplexing module (2) is composed of a photoswitch, an array and an optical coupler, the photoswitch is a 1 x8 mechanical controllable photoswitch, an optical signal is directly coupled to an output end by moving an internal optical fiber, the switching time of an optical path is less than 10ms, the switching of the optical path is realized by changing the pin level, the optical coupler is an optical fiber coupler, in the system, the number of channels of the photoswitch is 8, so that the 8 x 1 optical fiber coupler is selected, and eight optical paths are combined into one.
4. The diffraction grating-based long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system of claim 1, wherein the single chip microcomputer module (3) is composed of a single chip microcomputer minimum system and a level and logic relationship conversion module, the single chip microcomputer minimum system is mainly composed of a power supply, a reset circuit, an oscillation circuit and an extension part, the level and logic relationship conversion module converts a USB level into a TTL level, namely the level and logic relationship conversion module is connected through a serial port of the single chip microcomputer minimum system, the computer detection system (4) is connected with the single chip microcomputer module (3) through a USB connecting line, and a program is downloaded and serial port communication is carried out.
5. The long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on the diffraction grating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical demodulation module (5) is composed of a reflector, a diffraction grating and a detector, the optical signal modulated by the array enters the reflector, the wavelength range of the optical signal can be scanned by adjusting the position of the diffraction grating, different wavelengths can be separated by different angles of the diffraction grating, the optical signal is reflected by the reflector and transmitted to the detector, and finally the optical signal is detected by the detector, so that spectral analysis is realized.
6. The diffraction grating-based long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system is characterized in that the computer detection system (4) consists of four parts, namely, on-off control, wavelength acquisition, spectrum drawing and parameter display, the on-off control is connected with a serial port of a single chip microcomputer for configuration, the serial port connected with the single chip microcomputer is selected and set to be the same as the baud rate of the single chip microcomputer, a pin level control program is written in the single chip microcomputer connected with an optical switch, and light path selection is controlled through pin level; the wavelength acquisition selects the start wavelength and the end wavelength of scanning by setting the central wavelength and the wavelength span, and performs communication with the optical demodulation module (5); the spectrum drawing function sets a scanning mode, the number of scanning points and a control command for executing scanning are transmitted to the optical demodulation module (5), the optical demodulation module (5) starts scanning after recognizing the three commands, and the data of the wavelength axis and the data of the transmissivity axis are transmitted to the computer after the scanning is finished; the parameter display displays the measured parameter, the corresponding wavelength value, and the transmittance on the interface.
7. The working process of the long-period fiber grating space division multiplexing demodulation system based on the diffraction grating as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) the light source module (1) provides a light source for the light multiplexing module (2);
2) the computer detection system (4) sends the instruction of switching the light-operated switch to the singlechip module (3);
3) the singlechip module (3) controls the level of a pin to complete the switching of a light path after receiving the instruction of the computer detection system (4);
4) the computer of the computer detection system (4) sends a control instruction to the optical demodulation module (5), and the optical demodulation module (5) receives the instruction to complete demodulation of an optical signal;
5) and returning the demodulated data to the computer detection system (4) for data processing, and finally restoring the spectrum, the resonance wavelength and the parameters of the long-period fiber grating.
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| CN113093339A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-07-09 | 金陵科技学院 | Space division multiplexing mediation system based on tapered fiber bragg grating and working method |
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| CN113739853A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-03 | 金陵科技学院 | Blast furnace intelligent monitoring system and method based on long-period fiber bragg grating sensing array |
| CN114295322A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-04-08 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Grating test system, method, device, storage medium and electronic device |
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- 2020-07-01 CN CN202010623012.5A patent/CN111623813A/en active Pending
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| CN113093339A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-07-09 | 金陵科技学院 | Space division multiplexing mediation system based on tapered fiber bragg grating and working method |
| CN113465656A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-10-01 | 潍坊嘉腾液压技术有限公司 | Tester for detecting fluid composite parameters and data processing method |
| CN113465656B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2023-08-15 | 潍坊嘉腾液压技术有限公司 | Tester for detecting fluid composite parameters and data processing method |
| CN113739853A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-03 | 金陵科技学院 | Blast furnace intelligent monitoring system and method based on long-period fiber bragg grating sensing array |
| CN114295322A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-04-08 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Grating test system, method, device, storage medium and electronic device |
| CN114295322B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2024-01-26 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Grating test system, method and device, storage medium and electronic device |
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