CN111623716A - Dynamic detection device and detection method for diameter size of truck wheel - Google Patents
Dynamic detection device and detection method for diameter size of truck wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111623716A CN111623716A CN202010652348.4A CN202010652348A CN111623716A CN 111623716 A CN111623716 A CN 111623716A CN 202010652348 A CN202010652348 A CN 202010652348A CN 111623716 A CN111623716 A CN 111623716A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
- G01B11/10—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters of objects while moving
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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Abstract
A dynamic detection device and a detection method for diameter size of a wagon wheel relate to a wagon wheel detection technology and aim to solve the problems of low efficiency, time consumption and large error of the existing manual detection method. The control processing module is also used for acquiring the running speed of a passing vehicle and the wheelbase of the vehicle head, judging whether the passing vehicle is a truck or not, and if the passing vehicle is the truck, sending a control signal; otherwise, not sending the control signal; the device is also used for receiving image information, analyzing and processing the image information and calculating the diameter of the wheel; the vision module is used for receiving the control signal, and acquiring an image of the wheel of the truck according to the control signal to acquire image information. The method has the advantages of high measurement precision and strong real-time property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a railway wagon wheel detection technology.
Background
The diameter size of the truck wheels is an important parameter of the state data of the truck wheels, and the diameters of the truck wheels with different models are different greatly, so that the diameters of the truck wheels are difficult to measure directly by using a common measuring tool; at present, the measurement of the wheels of the freight car still stays in a static measurement stage, the measurement is carried out when the freight car stops in an operation field, manual measurement is adopted, the problems of low efficiency, time consumption and large error exist in the manual measurement, the rapid, accurate and automatic detection requirements of modern railways cannot be met, and the basic requirements of the diameter size of the wheels of the freight car cannot be met by the conventional manual measurement mode along with the increasing number of railway trunks and running freight cars.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low efficiency, time consumption and large error of the conventional manual detection method, and provides a dynamic detection device and a detection method for the diameter size of a truck wheel.
The invention relates to a dynamic detection device for the diameter size of a truck wheel, which comprises a vision module and a control processing module;
the control processing module is used for acquiring the running speed of a passing vehicle and the wheelbase of a vehicle head, judging whether the passing vehicle is a truck or not, and if the passing vehicle is the truck, sending a control signal; otherwise, not sending the control signal; the device is also used for receiving image information, analyzing and processing the image information and calculating the diameter of the wheel;
and the vision module is used for receiving the control signal, acquiring an image of the wheel of the truck according to the control signal and acquiring image information.
Furthermore, the control processing module comprises a wheel sensor, a control industrial personal computer, a control box and a collection industrial personal computer;
the control industrial personal computer and the acquisition industrial personal computer are respectively arranged in the control box;
the wheel sensor is arranged on the side wall of the rail and used for acquiring the running speed of a passing vehicle and the wheelbase of the vehicle head;
the control industrial personal computer is used for judging whether the passing vehicle is a truck or not, and if the passing vehicle is the truck, sending a control signal; otherwise, not sending the control signal;
and the acquisition industrial personal computer is used for receiving the image information acquired by the vision module, analyzing and processing the image information and calculating the diameter of the wheel.
Further, the vision module comprises a camera compensation light source, a camera and a protection box body;
the camera compensation light source and the camera are respectively arranged in the protective box body; the protective box body is arranged on the outer side of the rail;
the camera is used for receiving the control signal, when the camera receives the control signal, an automatic door of the protective box body is opened, and the camera starts to collect wheel information of the truck to acquire image information; after the camera acquires the image information, the automatic door of the protection box body is closed;
the camera compensation light source is used for providing illumination for the camera.
Furthermore, the detection device also comprises a data management platform;
the control processing module is also used for sending the wheel diameter calculated by the control processing module to the data management platform;
and the data management platform is used for storing the received wheel diameter information and also used for inquiring and retrieving the passing time, the wheel diameter size and the wheel wear degree of the truck in real time.
Further, the data management platform comprises a data retrieval module and a graphic report module;
the data retrieval module is used for acquiring the passing time, the diameter size of the wheels and the wear degree of the wheels of the truck in a retrieval mode;
the image-text report module is used for displaying the passing time, the diameter size of the wheels and the wear degree of the wheels of the truck in an image-text mode.
The invention relates to a dynamic detection method for the diameter size of a wagon wheel, which comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a vision module at the outer side of a rail;
acquiring a calibration picture through a visual module;
thirdly, detecting the running speed of the passing vehicle and the wheelbase of the vehicle head by a wheel sensor;
fourthly, controlling an industrial personal computer to judge whether the passing vehicle is a truck; if yes, executing step five; otherwise, executing the third step;
step five, collecting wheel image information by a camera;
and step six, the collection industrial personal computer analyzes and processes the wheel image information, and the wheel diameter is calculated.
Further, the specific process of obtaining the calibration picture in the step two is as follows: vertically placing the calibration plate on the rail, and shooting the calibration plate through the vision module;
the calibration plate comprises a plurality of white squares, a plurality of black squares and a bracket;
the white square blocks and the black square blocks form an array structure in a spaced arrangement mode, and the array structure is fixed on the bracket.
Further, the specific method for the control processing module to judge whether the passing vehicle is a truck in the fourth step is as follows: and comparing the acquired wheelbase information of the passing vehicle with the standard wheelbase information of the truck.
Further, in the sixth step, the specific method for calculating the wheel diameter by the control processing module is as follows: determining a space coordinate corresponding to each pixel point on the calibration picture according to the actual coordinate value of the calibration plate; and comparing the wheel picture acquired by the vision module with the calibration picture to acquire pixel points occupied by the wheel outline, converting space coordinates corresponding to the pixel points occupied by the wheel outline into actual coordinate values of the wheel outline, and calculating the diameter of the wheel according to the actual coordinate values of the wheel outline.
Further, the detection method also comprises a seventh step;
and step seven, transmitting the calculation result calculated in the step six to a data management platform.
The invention utilizes the vision module to detect the diameter size of the wheels of the running truck in real time, compares the measured data with the diameter size of the normal axle of the truck and determines the wear degree of the wheels.
Compared with manual detection, the invention improves the measurement precision and reduces the labor cost; meanwhile, as long as a truck is detected immediately, the real-time performance is achieved; in the detection process, the truck does not need to stop, and the detection method has high efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a dynamic detection device for diameter size of a truck wheel according to a first embodiment;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a dynamic detection method for the diameter size of wheels of a truck according to a sixth embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a calibration plate according to a seventh embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a position structure of the calibration board when the calibration picture is obtained in the seventh embodiment.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, and the dynamic detection device for the diameter size of the truck wheel in the embodiment comprises a vision module 1 and a control processing module 2;
the control processing module 2 is used for acquiring the running speed of a passing vehicle and the wheelbase of a vehicle head, and also used for judging whether the passing vehicle is a truck or not, and if the passing vehicle is the truck, sending a control signal; otherwise, not sending the control signal; the device is also used for receiving image information, analyzing and processing the image information and calculating the diameter of the wheel;
and the vision module 1 is used for receiving the control signal, acquiring an image of the wheel of the truck according to the control signal and acquiring image information.
In the embodiment, the vision module 1 is placed at the position 50cm away from the outer side of the rail 5 transversely from the rail 5, the longitudinal distance of the vision module 1 is higher than 35cm from the rail, and the pitch angle of the vision module 1 is adjusted to enable the vision module to shoot the wheels of the truck.
The second embodiment is as follows: in the embodiment, the dynamic detection device for the diameter and the size of the wheels of the truck is further limited, and in the embodiment, the control processing module 2 comprises a wheel sensor 2-1, a control industrial personal computer 2-2, a control box 2-3 and a collection industrial personal computer 2-4;
the control industrial personal computer 2-2 and the acquisition industrial personal computer 2-4 are respectively arranged in the control box 2-3;
the wheel sensor 2-1 is arranged on the side wall of the rail 5 and used for acquiring the running speed of a passing vehicle and the wheelbase of the vehicle head;
the control industrial personal computer 2-2 is used for judging whether the passing vehicle is a truck or not, and sending a control signal if the passing vehicle is the truck; otherwise, not sending the control signal;
and the acquisition industrial personal computer 2-4 is used for receiving the image information acquired by the vision module 1, analyzing and processing the image information and calculating the diameter of the wheel.
In the embodiment, the control box 2-3 is used for protecting the control industrial personal computer 2-2 and the acquisition industrial personal computer 2-4 and preventing damage.
The third concrete implementation mode: in this embodiment, the dynamic detection device for the diameter size of the wagon wheel according to the second embodiment is further defined, in this embodiment, the vision module 1 includes a camera compensation light source 1-1, a camera 1-2 and a protection box 1-3;
the camera compensation light source 1-1 and the camera 1-2 are respectively arranged in the protective box body 1-3; the protective box body 1-3 is arranged outside the rail 5;
the camera 1-2 is used for receiving the control signal, when the camera 1-2 receives the control signal, an automatic door of the protective box body is opened, and the camera 1-2 starts to collect wheel information of the truck to acquire image information; after the camera 1-2 acquires the image information, the automatic door of the protection box body is closed;
the camera compensation light source 1-1 is used to provide illumination for the camera 1-2.
In the embodiment, the protection box 1-3 is used for protecting the camera compensation light source 1-1 and the camera 1-2 from damage.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: in this embodiment, the dynamic detection device for the diameter and the size of the wagon wheel according to the third embodiment is further defined, and in this embodiment, the detection device further includes a data management platform 3;
the control processing module 2 is also used for sending the calculated diameter of the wheel to the data management platform 3;
and the data management platform 3 is used for storing the received wheel diameter information and also used for inquiring and retrieving the passing time, the wheel diameter size and the wheel wear degree of the truck in real time.
In the embodiment, by adding the data management platform 3, the railway staff can inquire and retrieve the information of the passing time of the freight train, the diameter size of the wheel and the wear degree of the wheel in real time through the data management platform 3.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: in the fourth embodiment, the dynamic detection device for the diameter size of the truck wheel is further defined, and in the fourth embodiment, the data management platform 3 comprises a data retrieval module 3-1 and a graphic report module 3-2;
the data retrieval module 3-1 is used for acquiring the passing time, the diameter size of the wheels and the wear degree of the wheels of the truck in a retrieval mode;
and the image-text report module 3-2 is used for displaying the passing time, the diameter size of the wheels and the wear degree of the wheels of the truck in an image-text mode.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 2, and is a method for dynamically detecting a diameter dimension of a truck wheel according to a fourth or fifth embodiment, where the method includes the following steps:
step one, arranging a vision module 1 at the outer side of a rail 5;
step two, obtaining a calibration picture through the vision module 1;
step three, the wheel sensor 2-1 detects the running speed of the passing vehicle and the wheelbase of the vehicle head;
fourthly, controlling the industrial personal computer 2-2 to judge whether the passing vehicle is a truck or not; if yes, executing step five; otherwise, executing the third step;
step five, the camera 1-2 collects wheel image information;
and step six, the collection industrial personal computers 2-4 analyze and process the wheel image information and calculate the wheel diameter.
In the present embodiment, when the wheels of the truck first roll the wheel sensors 2-1 on the rails 5, the wheel sensors 2-1 are a pair of sensors, the sensors can send sensing signals when the wheels of the truck pass by the sensors, the distance between the pair of sensors is preset, namely the distance between the pair of sensors is known, and the distance between the pair of sensors is represented by H; when the same wheel of the truck passes through a pair of sensors in sequenceThe sensing signals are respectively sent, the time difference of sending the sensing signals twice is easy to determine, T is used for representing the time difference of sending the sensing signals by a pair of sensors in sequence, the speed of the truck is represented by v, the time difference can be known according to a calculation formula that the speed is equal to the distance divided by the time,
the determination method of the pair of the wheel-distance information with respect to the wheel sensor 2-1 is as follows: on the basis of the determination of the speed information v of the truck, the time difference of the adjacent different wheels passing any one of the pair of sensors in the wheel sensor 2-1 can be determined by the time difference of sending the sensing signals twice in sequence, and T is used0Indicating a time difference between adjacent different wheels passing either one of a pair of wheel sensors 2-1; if the wheel sensor 2-1 wheelbase is denoted by h; from the equation of distance equals velocity times time, h-v.t0(ii) a The speed information of the truck and the wheelbase information of the truck head can be obtained according to the pair of sensors.
In the embodiment, the vision module 1 is placed at the position 50cm away from the outer side of the rail 5 transversely from the rail 5, the longitudinal distance of the vision module 1 is higher than 35cm from the rail, and the pitch angle of the vision module 1 is adjusted to enable the vision module to shoot the wheels of the truck right; vertically placing a calibration plate 4 on a rail 5, shooting the calibration plate through a vision module 1, and obtaining a calibration picture which is used as a standard for detecting the diameter of a wheel at a later stage; when a vehicle enters and passes through the wheel sensor 2-1, the wheel sensor 2-1 compares the acquired information of the wheelbase of the passing vehicle with a standard wheelbase information comparison table according to the running speed and the wheelbase of the vehicle head, judges whether the passing vehicle is a truck or not, and if the structure of the passing vehicle is judged to be not, the camera 1-2 does not acquire image information; if the passing vehicle is judged to be a truck, the camera 1-2 starts to acquire image information; the camera 1-2 transmits the acquired image information to the acquisition industrial personal computer 2-4 through a gigabit network, and the acquisition industrial personal computer 2-4 performs image analysis and processing on the acquired image to calculate the diameter of the wheel.
The seventh embodiment: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 3 and 4, and the present embodiment further defines a method for dynamically detecting a diameter size of a truck wheel according to a sixth embodiment, and in the present embodiment, a specific process of acquiring a calibration picture in the second step is as follows: vertically placing a calibration plate 4 on a rail 5, and shooting the calibration plate through a vision module 1;
the calibration plate 4 comprises a plurality of white squares 4-1, a plurality of black squares 4-2 and a bracket 4-3;
the white square blocks 4-1 and the black square blocks 4-2 form an array structure in a spaced arrangement mode, and the array structure is fixed on the support 4-3.
The specific implementation mode is eight: in this embodiment, the method for dynamically detecting the diameter size of a wheel of a truck according to the sixth embodiment is further defined, and in this embodiment, the specific method for determining whether a passing vehicle is a truck by the control processing module 2 in the fourth step is as follows: and comparing the acquired wheelbase information of the passing vehicle with the standard wheelbase information of the truck.
The specific implementation method nine: in this embodiment, the method for dynamically detecting the diameter size of the wheel of the truck according to the sixth embodiment is further defined, and in the sixth embodiment, the specific method for calculating the diameter of the wheel by the control processing module 2 includes: determining a space coordinate corresponding to each pixel point on the calibration picture according to the actual coordinate value of the calibration plate; and comparing the wheel picture acquired by the vision module 1 with the calibration picture to acquire pixel points occupied by the wheel profile, converting space coordinates corresponding to the pixel points occupied by the wheel profile into actual coordinate values of the wheel profile, and calculating the diameter of the wheel according to the actual coordinate values of the wheel profile.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: in this embodiment, the method for dynamically detecting the diameter size of the wheels of the truck according to the sixth embodiment is further defined, and in this embodiment, the method further includes a seventh step;
and step seven, transmitting the calculation result calculated in the step six to the data management platform 3.
In the embodiment, the acquisition industrial personal computers 2 to 4 upload the calculation results of the wheel diameters to the data management platform 3, and railway workers query and retrieve information such as passing time of the truck, the wheel diameter size, the wheel wear degree and the like in real time through the data management platform 3.
Claims (10)
1. The dynamic detection device for the diameter size of the wagon wheel is characterized by comprising a vision module (1) and a control processing module (2);
the control processing module (2) is used for acquiring the running speed of a passing vehicle and the wheelbase of a vehicle head, and is also used for judging whether the passing vehicle is a truck or not, and if the passing vehicle is the truck, sending a control signal; otherwise, not sending the control signal; the device is also used for receiving image information, analyzing and processing the image information and calculating the diameter of the wheel;
and the vision module (1) is used for receiving the control signal, carrying out image acquisition on the wheels of the truck according to the control signal and acquiring image information.
2. The dynamic detection device for the diameter and the size of the wheels of the truck as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control processing module (2) comprises a wheel sensor (2-1), a control industrial computer (2-2), a control box (2-3) and a collection industrial computer (2-4);
the control industrial personal computer (2-2) and the acquisition industrial personal computer (2-4) are respectively arranged in the control box (2-3);
the wheel sensor (2-1) is arranged on the side wall of the rail (5) and used for acquiring the running speed of a passing vehicle and the wheelbase of the vehicle head;
the control industrial personal computer (2-2) is used for judging whether the passing vehicle is a truck or not, and sending a control signal if the passing vehicle is the truck; otherwise, not sending the control signal;
and the acquisition industrial personal computer (2-4) is used for receiving the image information acquired by the vision module (1), analyzing and processing the image information and calculating the diameter of the wheel.
3. A dynamic detection device for diameter size of truck wheels according to claim 2, characterized in that the vision module (1) comprises a camera compensation light source (1-1), a camera (1-2) and a protection box body (1-3);
the camera compensation light source (1-1) and the camera (1-2) are respectively arranged in the protective box body (1-3); the protective box body (1-3) is arranged on the outer side of the rail (5);
the camera (1-2) is used for receiving the control signal, when the camera (1-2) receives the control signal, an automatic door of the protective box body (1-3) is opened, and the camera (1-2) starts to collect wheel information of the truck to acquire image information; after the camera (1-2) acquires image information, the automatic door of the protective box body (1-3) is closed;
the camera compensation light source (1-1) is used for providing illumination for the camera (1-2).
4. A dynamic measurement device for the diameter of a wagon wheel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the measurement device further comprises a data management platform (3);
the control processing module (2) is also used for sending the wheel diameter calculated by the control processing module to the data management platform (3);
and the data management platform (3) is used for storing the received wheel diameter information and also used for inquiring and retrieving the passing time, the wheel diameter size and the wheel wear degree of the truck in real time.
5. A dynamic detection device for diameter size of truck wheels according to claim 4, characterized in that the data management platform (3) comprises a data retrieval module (3-1) and a graphic report module (3-2);
the data retrieval module (3-1) is used for acquiring the passing time, the wheel diameter size and the wheel wear degree of the truck in a retrieval mode;
the image-text report module (3-2) is used for displaying the passing time, the diameter size of the wheels and the wear degree of the wheels of the truck in an image-text mode.
6. The detection method of the dynamic detection device for the diameter size of the wagon wheel as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the detection method comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a visual module (1) at the outer side of a rail (5);
step two, obtaining a calibration picture through a visual module (1);
step three, detecting the running speed of the passing vehicle and the wheelbase of the vehicle head by a wheel sensor (2-1);
fourthly, controlling the industrial personal computer (2-2) to judge whether the passing vehicle is a truck; if yes, executing step five; otherwise, executing the third step;
step five, the camera (1-2) collects wheel image information;
and step six, the collection industrial personal computer (2-4) analyzes and processes the wheel image information and calculates the wheel diameter.
7. The method for dynamically detecting the diameter size of the wagon wheel as claimed in claim 6, wherein the specific process of obtaining the calibration picture in the second step is as follows: vertically placing the calibration plate (4) on the rail (5), and shooting the calibration plate through the vision module (1);
the calibration plate (4) comprises a plurality of white squares (4-1), a plurality of black squares (4-2) and a bracket (4-3);
the white square blocks (4-1) and the black square blocks (4-2) form an array structure in an interval arrangement mode, and the array structure is fixed on the support (4-3).
8. The method for dynamically detecting the diameter size of the wheels of the truck as claimed in claim 6, wherein the specific method for the control processing module (2) to determine whether the passing vehicle is the truck in the fourth step is as follows: and comparing the acquired wheelbase information of the passing vehicle with the standard wheelbase information of the truck.
9. The method for dynamically detecting the diameter size of the wagon wheel as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the sixth step, the specific method for calculating the diameter of the wagon wheel by the control processing module (2) comprises the following steps: determining a space coordinate corresponding to each pixel point on the calibration picture according to the actual coordinate value of the calibration plate; and comparing the wheel picture acquired by the vision module (1) with the calibration picture to acquire pixel points occupied by the wheel profile, converting space coordinates corresponding to the pixel points occupied by the wheel profile into actual coordinate values of the wheel profile, and calculating the diameter of the wheel according to the actual coordinate values of the wheel profile.
10. A method for dynamically detecting the diameter size of a truck wheel as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method further comprises the steps of seven;
and step seven, transmitting the calculation result calculated in the step six to a data management platform (3).
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| CN114370824B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-06-04 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Wheel diameter measuring device and measuring method |
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| CN111623716B (en) | 2021-03-26 |
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