CN111621661A - Preparation method of tungsten carbide copper - Google Patents
Preparation method of tungsten carbide copper Download PDFInfo
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- CN111621661A CN111621661A CN202010515548.5A CN202010515548A CN111621661A CN 111621661 A CN111621661 A CN 111621661A CN 202010515548 A CN202010515548 A CN 202010515548A CN 111621661 A CN111621661 A CN 111621661A
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- copper
- tungsten carbide
- powder
- sintering
- pressing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1035—Liquid phase sintering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of tungsten carbide copper, which comprises the following steps: a material mixing step: putting the adhesive, the tungsten carbide powder and the copper powder into a mixer according to a certain proportion and uniformly stirring to form a mixture; a step of press forming: carrying out die pressing on the mixture according to a preset shape, wherein the pressing pressure of the die pressing is 220-260 MPa, and obtaining a pressing blank; sintering: and uniformly spreading copper powder on the pressing blank, then placing the pressing blank into a vertical sintering furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1200-1300 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5-3.5 h, the copper powder on the pressing blank is melted in the sintering process, and the pressing blank absorbs the melted copper into a tungsten-copper framework by utilizing the capillary effect, so that the tungsten carbide-copper alloy is obtained. The invention optimizes the production process flow into powder mixing, pressing and sintering, and improves the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of tungsten carbide copper.
Background
Tungsten is widely used in the industrial field because of its high density, high melting point, low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, and good corrosion resistance. Composite materials based on tungsten or its carbides, such as: WC-Co hard alloy, W-Ni-Fe high specific gravity alloy, W-Cu alloy and the like have become indispensable important materials in many high-tech fields, such as microelectronic industry, fine chemical engineering, surface technology, aerospace and the like. The properties of the tungsten-based alloy are closely related to those of the W powder. When the particle size of the tungsten powder is reduced to be superfine and nano-grade, the tungsten-based alloy prepared by the tungsten powder shows good sintering characteristic, and the prepared block material has high toughness, compressive strength, thermal shock resistance and the like
The tungsten carbide copper alloy adopts high-quality tungsten carbide powder and oxygen-free copper powder, and adopts the processes of press forming, high-temperature sintering and copper infiltration to ensure the purity and accurate proportion of the product. The material has the advantages of high temperature resistance, arc ablation resistance, high strength, large specific gravity, good electric conductivity and thermal conductivity, easy cutting processing and sweat cooling property, and is often used as a vacuum contact material and an electrode material.
The alloy material is produced by a special process, has uniform and compact structure, has the advantages of high melting point, high boiling point, high strength, high hardness and the like of tungsten carbide, and also has the advantages of high electric and thermal conductivity, low contact resistance and the like of copper.
Generally, the content of tungsten carbide is from 50 to 70% by weight, and this material has very high mechanical strength and excellent resistance to arc burning. The general tungsten carbide copper is an insoluble metal material produced and manufactured by a powder mixing-pressing-sintering-infiltration process, the process steps are multiple, the links of strictly controlling the quality are multiple, errors in any link affect the product quality, and waste products are generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the invention optimizes the production process flow into powder mixing, pressing and sintering, improves the production efficiency, reduces the production cost and improves the product quality.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems in the prior art is as follows:
a preparation method of tungsten carbide copper comprises the following steps:
a material mixing step: putting the adhesive, the tungsten carbide powder and the copper powder into a mixer according to a certain proportion and uniformly stirring to form a mixture;
a step of press forming: carrying out die pressing on the mixture according to a preset shape, wherein the pressing pressure of the die pressing is 220-260 MPa, and obtaining a pressing blank;
sintering: and uniformly spreading copper powder on the pressing blank, then placing the pressing blank into a vertical sintering furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1200-1300 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5-3.5 h, the copper powder on the pressing blank is melted in the sintering process, and the pressing blank absorbs the melted copper into a tungsten-copper framework by utilizing the capillary effect, so that the tungsten carbide-copper alloy is obtained.
Preferably, the adhesive in the mixing step is one or more of sodium butadiene rubber, polyethylene glycol and paraffin wax.
Preferably, the adhesive in the mixing step is paraffin wax.
Preferably, in the mixture of the tungsten carbide powder and the copper powder, the mass ratio of the copper powder is 1 to 6 percent.
Preferably, the granularity of the tungsten carbide powder is 10-14 microns, and the granularity of the copper powder is less than 6 microns.
Preferably, the adhesive in the mixing step is coated on a gravity ball, then the gravity ball, tungsten carbide powder and copper powder are put into a V-shaped mixing cone according to a certain proportion for mixing, and the gravity ball is separated from the mixture after the mixing is finished.
Preferably, the gravity ball is a steel ball.
Preferably, the diameter of the steel ball is 15-25 mm.
Preferably, the mixing time is 48 hours.
Preferably, in the mixing step, the steel balls coated with the adhesive, the alcohol, the tungsten carbide powder and the copper powder are put into a V-shaped mixing cone according to a certain proportion and mixed.
Preferably, the sintering process in the sintering step is performed in an oxygen-free environment, and the atmosphere in the sintering process is a hydrogen atmosphere.
Preferably, the sintering temperature is 1260 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 3 h.
Preferably, the pressing pressure of the press molding in the press molding step is 240 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the original technological process of powder mixing, pressing, sintering and infiltration is optimized into the process of powder mixing, pressing and sintering, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the simplification of the process steps means that the process steps and the production control flow are reduced, and the improvement of the product quality is facilitated.
(2) The addition of a binder in the compounding step helps the mix to shape during the compaction process.
(3) The adhesive is mixed with the tungsten carbide powder and the copper powder through the gravity ball, so that the adhesive is mixed more uniformly.
(4) In the sintering process, when the temperature is raised to 170-200 ℃, the adhesive paraffin starts to boil and smoke and decompose, and no residue is left, so that the performance of the tungsten carbide copper finished product is not influenced.
(5) The sintering process combines the infiltration process, copper powder can be laid according to the volume and density of the pressed compact in proportion, the consumption of the copper powder can be independently controlled, and the consumption of copper materials is saved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to preferred embodiments of a method for producing tungsten carbide copper.
A preparation method of tungsten carbide copper comprises the following steps:
a material mixing step: and (3) putting the adhesive, the tungsten carbide powder and the copper powder into a mixer according to a certain proportion, and uniformly stirring to form a mixture. According to the grades of different products, the mass ratio of copper powder in the mixture of tungsten carbide powder and copper powder is 1-6%. The granularity of the tungsten carbide powder is 10-14 microns, and the granularity of the copper powder is less than 6 microns.
The use of a binder, which may be one or more of sodium butadiene rubber, polyethylene glycol, paraffin, facilitates the compression molding of the compound in the compression molding step. The sodium butadiene rubber is special rubber prepared by using butadiene as a monomer and metal sodium as a catalyst and polymerizing by using a gas phase method, and is mainly used as a hard alloy adhesive in China; polyethylene glycol is a polymer of ethylene oxide hydrolysate, is non-toxic and non-irritant, is widely applied to various pharmaceutical preparations, has different properties according to different relative molecular masses, and is from colorless, odorless and sticky liquid to waxy solid; paraffin is a hydrocarbon mixture extracted from certain distillates of petroleum, shale oil or other bituminous mineral oil, the main component of which is solid paraffin, odorless and tasteless, and is white or yellowish translucent solid. Compared with sodium butadiene rubber and polyethylene glycol, paraffin is easier to obtain, and meanwhile, the paraffin can be volatilized and has no residue, so that the paraffin is used as the adhesive in the embodiment.
In order to better mix the adhesive with the tungsten carbide powder and the copper powder, the adhesive is coated on a gravity ball made of a steel ball, and the diameter of the steel ball is 15-25 mm. The gravity ball, tungsten carbide powder and copper powder are put into a V-shaped mixing cone according to a certain proportion, and then alcohol with a certain proportion is put into the V-shaped mixing cone for mixing. The mixing time is 48h, and after the mixing is finished, the gravity ball is separated from the mixed material in a manual separation mode. 12ml of alcohol is added into each kilogram of mixed powder, and the uniformity of mixing of the tungsten carbide powder and the copper powder can be improved by adding the alcohol.
A step of press forming: and (3) carrying out die pressing on the mixture according to a preset shape, wherein the pressing pressure of the die pressing is 220-260 MPa, so as to obtain a pressed blank, and the pressing pressure of the die pressing in the embodiment is 240 MPa.
Sintering: copper powder is evenly spread on the pressing blank, and then the pressing blank is placed into a vertical sintering furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1200-1300 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5-3.5 h, in the embodiment, the sintering temperature is 1260 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 h. The sintering process is carried out in an oxygen-free environment, and the atmosphere in the sintering process is a hydrogen atmosphere.
And in the sintering process, the copper powder on the pressed blank is melted, and the pressed blank absorbs the melted copper into the tungsten-copper framework by utilizing the capillary effect, so that the tungsten carbide-copper alloy is obtained.
The performance of each grade product after sintering is as follows:
| product brand | Proportioning | Conductivity% IACS | Rockwell hardness | Density g/cm3 |
| TC5 | 50WC；50Cu | 45 | 94 | 11.26 |
| TC10 | 56WC；44Cu | 42 | 100 | 11.64 |
| TC20 | 70WC；30Cu | 30 | 37(HRC) | 12.65 |
| TC53 | 70WC；30Cu | 18 | 47(HRC) | 12.55 |
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the tungsten carbide copper is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a material mixing step: putting the adhesive, the tungsten carbide powder and the copper powder into a mixer according to a certain proportion and uniformly stirring to form a mixture;
a step of press forming: carrying out die pressing on the mixture according to a preset shape, wherein the pressing pressure of the die pressing is 220-260 MPa, and obtaining a pressing blank;
sintering: and uniformly spreading copper powder on the pressing blank, then placing the pressing blank into a vertical sintering furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1200-1300 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5-3.5 h, the copper powder on the pressing blank is melted in the sintering process, and the pressing blank absorbs the melted copper into a tungsten-copper framework by utilizing the capillary effect, so that the tungsten carbide-copper alloy is obtained.
2. The method for preparing tungsten carbide copper according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the adhesive in the mixing step is one or more of sodium butadiene rubber, polyethylene glycol and paraffin.
Preferably, paraffin wax is used as the binder.
3. The method for preparing tungsten carbide copper according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the mixture of the tungsten carbide powder and the copper powder, the mass ratio of the copper powder is 1-6%.
Preferably, the granularity of the tungsten carbide powder is 10-14 microns, and the granularity of the copper powder is less than 6 microns.
4. The method for preparing tungsten carbide copper according to claim 1, characterized in that:
and (3) coating the adhesive on the gravity ball in the mixing step, then putting the gravity ball, tungsten carbide powder and copper powder into a V-shaped mixing cone according to a certain proportion for mixing, and separating the gravity ball from the mixture after the mixing is finished.
5. The method for preparing tungsten carbide copper according to claim 4, wherein:
the gravity ball is a steel ball.
Preferably, the diameter of the steel ball is 15-25 mm.
6. The method for preparing tungsten carbide copper according to claim 4, wherein:
the mixing time is 48 h.
7. The method for preparing tungsten carbide copper according to claim 6, wherein:
in the step of mixing materials, the steel balls coated with the adhesive, alcohol, tungsten carbide powder and copper powder are put into a V-shaped mixing cone according to a certain proportion and mixed.
8. The method for preparing tungsten carbide copper according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the sintering process in the sintering step is carried out in an oxygen-free environment, and the atmosphere in the sintering process is a hydrogen atmosphere.
9. The method for preparing tungsten carbide copper according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the sintering temperature is 1260 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 3 h.
10. The method for preparing tungsten carbide copper according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the pressing pressure of the die pressing in the press forming step was 240 MPa.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN202010515548.5A CN111621661A (en) | 2020-06-09 | 2020-06-09 | Preparation method of tungsten carbide copper |
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| CN202010515548.5A CN111621661A (en) | 2020-06-09 | 2020-06-09 | Preparation method of tungsten carbide copper |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113234982A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-10 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of PDC drill bit matrix material |
| CN114700480A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-05 | 长沙升华微电子材料有限公司 | Production method for obtaining high-thermal-conductivity tungsten-copper alloy |
| CN115522090A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-12-27 | 山东威尔斯通钨业有限公司 | Method and treatment equipment for coating copper on surface of tungsten carbide copper composite material |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113234982A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-10 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of PDC drill bit matrix material |
| CN113234982B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-02-08 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of PDC drill bit matrix material |
| CN115522090A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-12-27 | 山东威尔斯通钨业有限公司 | Method and treatment equipment for coating copper on surface of tungsten carbide copper composite material |
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