CN111621109A - Flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material - Google Patents
Flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111621109A CN111621109A CN202010616896.1A CN202010616896A CN111621109A CN 111621109 A CN111621109 A CN 111621109A CN 202010616896 A CN202010616896 A CN 202010616896A CN 111621109 A CN111621109 A CN 111621109A
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- polyvinyl chloride
- flame
- parts
- retardant
- cable material
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- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004801 Chlorinated PVC Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920000457 chlorinated polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- -1 4-carboxyphenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 69
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- UYLYBEXRJGPQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;oxido(dioxo)niobium Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O UYLYBEXRJGPQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- JQUUAHKBIXPQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M carbon monoxide;chlororhenium Chemical compound [O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[Re]Cl JQUUAHKBIXPQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920013638 modified polyphenyl ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxypropane Chemical compound COC(C)(C)OC HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004209 oxidized polyethylene wax Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013873 oxidized polyethylene wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DQGZFESXKKEXEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N C12=CC=C(N1)C=C1C=CC(=N1)C=C1C=CC(N1)=CC=1C=CC(N1)=C2.C(=O)(O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)[Zn](C2=CC=C(C=C2)C(=O)O)(C2=CC=C(C=C2)C(=O)O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)C(=O)O Chemical compound C12=CC=C(N1)C=C1C=CC(=N1)C=C1C=CC(N1)=CC=1C=CC(N1)=C2.C(=O)(O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)[Zn](C2=CC=C(C=C2)C(=O)O)(C2=CC=C(C=C2)C(=O)O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)C(=O)O DQGZFESXKKEXEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical group CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- DYIZHKNUQPHNJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxorhenium Chemical compound [Re]=O DYIZHKNUQPHNJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910003449 rhenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-thiodiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XZQYTGKSBZGQMO-UHFFFAOYSA-I Rhenium(V) chloride Inorganic materials Cl[Re](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl XZQYTGKSBZGQMO-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 4
- QBCOASQOMILNBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO[P+](=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC QBCOASQOMILNBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000397 acetylating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/22—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/443—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/10—Transparent films; Clear coatings; Transparent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of cables, in particular to a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55-80 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 25-50 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 10-20 parts of flame retardant, 15-30 parts of electromagnetic shielding material, 1-6 parts of lubricant and 0.05-0.5 part of antioxidant. The invention solves the problems that the traditional insulating cable material or shielding cable material has lower flame retardant property and is easy to ignite unsafe when a fire disaster happens, so that the cable material with both insulating and shielding functions and better flame retardant property is urgently needed. The invention provides a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material, which comprises modified polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, a flame retardant, an electromagnetic shielding material, a lubricant and an antioxidant, wherein the components are used in a matching manner, and the finally obtained cable material has excellent insulation, shielding resistance and flame retardance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cables, in particular to a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material.
Background
The cable is an indispensable product in the modern social life, and both the power cable and the communication cable are inseparable from the work and life of common people, but with the continuous progress of the society, the material requirement of the cable is higher and higher, and the cable is firm and durable and must have the characteristics of shielding resistance and insulation.
The traditional insulating cable material or shielding cable material has lower flame retardant property, and is very unsafe to ignite easily in case of fire, so that the cable material which has the functions of insulation and shielding and has better flame retardant property is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
55-80 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 25-50 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 10-20 parts of flame retardant, 15-30 parts of electromagnetic shielding material, 1-6 parts of lubricant and 0.05-0.5 part of antioxidant.
Preferably, the cable material consists of the following components in parts by weight:
60-70 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 30-40 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 15-20 parts of flame retardant, 20-30 parts of electromagnetic shielding material, 1-6 parts of lubricant and 0.05-0.5 part of antioxidant.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing polyvinyl chloride powder, adding the polyvinyl chloride powder into N, N-dimethylformamide, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 hours to obtain a polyvinyl chloride mixed solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride powder to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 4-6;
s2, weighing 2, 2-dimethoxypropane, dropwise adding into the polyvinyl chloride mixed solution while stirring, after dropwise adding, adding rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride, stirring until the rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride is completely dissolved, heating to 50-60 ℃, reacting for 8-10 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with acetone for three times, then washing with deionized water for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain a polyvinyl chloride primary modified substance;
wherein the mass ratio of the 2, 2-dimethoxypropane to the rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride to the polyvinyl chloride mixed solution is 1: 0.2-0.3: 10-15;
s3, adding the polyvinyl chloride primary modified substance into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L, carrying out microwave reaction for 3-5 h, then adding graphene, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 h, standing for 6-10 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing to be neutral by using deionized water, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain modified polyvinyl chloride;
the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride primary modifier to the graphene to the sodium hydroxide solution is (1: 2-3): 5 to 8.
Preferably, the preparation method of the flame retardant comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin, adding the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin into N, N-dimethylformamide, and stirring until the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin is dissolved to obtain a tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 6-10;
s2, weighing sodium niobate, adding the sodium niobate into the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution, adding a titanate coupling agent and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, stirring uniformly, pouring the mixture into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, reacting for 6-10 hours at 100-120 ℃, cooling to room temperature, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with dichloromethane, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain a flame retardant;
wherein the mass ratio of the sodium niobate, the titanate coupling agent, the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether to the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution is 1: 0.05-0.1: 0.1-0.2: 10 to 15.
Preferably, the tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin is tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) aluminum porphyrin or tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) zinc porphyrin.
Preferably, the titanate coupling agent is one or more of tetraisopropyl (dilauryl phosphite) titanate, isopropyltris (dioctylphosphoryl) titanate and isopropyltris (dodecylbenzenesulfonyl) titanate.
Preferably, the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and/or octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.
Preferably, the lubricant is one or more of stearate, paraffin, oxidized polyethylene wax and polyethylene wax.
Preferably, the antioxidant is one or more of a phenolic antioxidant, an amine antioxidant, a thiobis-phenolic antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant.
Preferably, the electromagnetic shielding material is modified polyphenylene ether.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified polyphenylene ether comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing carboxymethyl cellulose, adding the carboxymethyl cellulose into deionized water, stirring until the carboxymethyl cellulose is dissolved uniformly, pouring the mixture into a reaction kettle, sealing, heating to 150-180 ℃, reacting for 2-10 hours, filtering to obtain a solid, washing the solid with the deionized water for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the carboxymethyl cellulose to the deionized water is 1: 3-10;
s2, weighing the carbon fiber microspheres, adding the carbon fiber microspheres into styrene, stirring or ultrasonically treating the mixture until the mixture is uniform, dropwise adding acetic anhydride, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 8-10 hours, cooling to room temperature, filtering to obtain a solid, washing the solid with chloroform for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain acetylated carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the carbon fiber microspheres to the styrene to the acetic anhydride is 1: 5-8: 0.1-0.5;
s3, adding the acetylated carbon fiber microspheres into styrene, stirring uniformly, adding ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring for reacting for 2-8 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with chloroform for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain modified carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the acetylated carbon fiber microspheres to the styrene to the ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is 1: 5-10: 1-1.5;
s4, weighing the modified carbon fiber microspheres and the polyphenyl ether respectively, drying at 100-110 ℃, mixing uniformly, pouring into a stirring extruder, heating to 260-280 ℃, mixing and stirring for 0.2-0.5 h, and extruding to obtain modified polyphenyl ether;
the mass ratio of the modified carbon fiber microspheres to the polyphenyl ether is 1: 8-15.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) weighing the modified polyvinyl chloride and the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride according to the formula components, mixing, placing in an internal mixer, heating to 110-150 ℃, and internally mixing for 10-15 min to obtain a mixture;
(2) after cooling the mixture treated in the step (1), weighing the flame retardant, the electromagnetic shielding material, the lubricant and the antioxidant according to the components, putting the mixture into a stirrer, heating to 160-180 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and (3) putting the mixed material treated in the step (2) into a plasticator for mixing and molding, and then extruding and granulating through an extruder to obtain the flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material, which comprises modified polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, a flame retardant, an electromagnetic shielding material, a lubricant and an antioxidant, wherein the components are used in a matching manner, and the finally obtained cable material has excellent insulation, shielding resistance and flame retardance.
2. Polyvinyl chloride has the advantages of flame retardance, high chemical resistance, and good mechanical strength and electrical insulation, but has poor stability to light and heat, i.e., poor weather resistance, and the use of polyvinyl chloride is limited. According to the invention, the rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride and the 2, 2-dimethoxypropane are used for modifying the polyvinyl chloride, and the modified polyvinyl chloride obtained by modification greatly enhances the weather resistance. 2, 2-dimethoxypropane is used as the most active ketal and acts on the pentacarbonyl rhenium chloride containing a large amount of carbonyl, so that the pentacarbonyl rhenium chloride is converted into porous rhenium oxide and is adsorbed and grafted on the surface of polyvinyl chloride, the rhenium oxide has excellent weather resistance, and the weather resistance of the obtained polyvinyl chloride primary modifier is further greatly improved; and then under the microwave and alkaline conditions, the graphene is loaded on the surface of the porous rhenium oxide, so that the weather resistance of the obtained modified polyvinyl chloride is more excellent.
3. The invention prepares a novel flame retardant by reacting sodium niobate with tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin. The sodium niobate can be combined with metal in the metalloporphyrin to form a substance with excellent heat-resistant and flame-retardant characteristics. Compared with the traditional metal salt as a flame retardant, the flame retardant prepared by the invention has the flame retardant characteristic of the metal salt, and the N-H bond in the raw material metalloporphyrin can form a relatively stable coordination bond with niobic acid, so that the stability of the prepared flame retardant is enhanced.
4. The modified polyphenyl ether is used as the electromagnetic shielding material, is nontoxic, transparent, small in relative density, excellent in mechanical strength, stress relaxation resistance, creep resistance, heat resistance, water resistance, steam resistance and dimensional stability, is an engineering plastic with good electrical property in a wide temperature and frequency range, is very suitable for being used as the electromagnetic shielding material, and is limited in use due to high melt viscosity, poor melt fluidity, extremely poor processing formability, poor impact resistance and other properties. According to the invention, the carbon fiber microspheres are prepared, and are modified, and then are mixed with the polyphenyl ether, so that the processing performance of the obtained modified polyphenyl ether is greatly improved, and the bonding capability with other materials is also greatly enhanced. The carbon fiber microspheres are modified by acetylating the carbon fiber microspheres and modifying the surfaces of the carbon fiber microspheres by using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, so that the coating layer can be completely and uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the carbon fiber microspheres when the carbon fiber microspheres are subjected to in-situ polymerization with polyphenyl ether on the surfaces of the carbon fiber microspheres. In addition, the polyphenyl ether is more light in weight after the carbon fiber microspheres are introduced, and light use of the material is facilitated.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
65 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 35 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 18 parts of flame retardant, 25 parts of electromagnetic shielding material, 3 parts of lubricant and 0.2 part of antioxidant.
The preparation method of the modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing polyvinyl chloride powder, adding the polyvinyl chloride powder into N, N-dimethylformamide, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 hours to obtain a polyvinyl chloride mixed solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride powder to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 4-6;
s2, weighing 2, 2-dimethoxypropane, dropwise adding into the polyvinyl chloride mixed solution while stirring, after dropwise adding, adding rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride, stirring until the rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride is completely dissolved, heating to 50-60 ℃, reacting for 8-10 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with acetone for three times, then washing with deionized water for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain a polyvinyl chloride primary modified substance;
wherein the mass ratio of the 2, 2-dimethoxypropane to the rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride to the polyvinyl chloride mixed solution is 1: 0.2-0.3: 10-15;
s3, adding the polyvinyl chloride primary modified substance into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L, carrying out microwave reaction for 3-5 h, then adding graphene, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 h, standing for 6-10 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing to be neutral by using deionized water, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain modified polyvinyl chloride;
the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride primary modifier to the graphene to the sodium hydroxide solution is (1: 2-3): 5 to 8.
The preparation method of the flame retardant comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin, adding the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin into N, N-dimethylformamide, and stirring until the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin is dissolved to obtain a tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 6-10;
s2, weighing sodium niobate, adding the sodium niobate into the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution, adding a titanate coupling agent and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, stirring uniformly, pouring the mixture into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, reacting for 6-10 hours at 100-120 ℃, cooling to room temperature, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with dichloromethane, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain a flame retardant;
wherein the mass ratio of the sodium niobate, the titanate coupling agent, the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether to the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution is 1: 0.05-0.1: 0.1-0.2: 10 to 15.
The tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin is tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) aluminum porphyrin or tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) zinc porphyrin.
The titanate coupling agent is one or more of tetraisopropyl (dilauryl phosphite) titanate, isopropyl tri (dioctyl phosphoryl) titanate and isopropyl tri (dodecyl benzene sulfonyl) titanate.
The alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and/or octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.
The lubricant is one or more of stearate, paraffin, oxidized polyethylene wax and polyethylene wax.
The antioxidant is one or more of phenol antioxidant, amine antioxidant, thiobisphenol antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant.
The electromagnetic shielding material is modified polyphenyl ether.
The preparation method of the modified polyphenyl ether comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing carboxymethyl cellulose, adding the carboxymethyl cellulose into deionized water, stirring until the carboxymethyl cellulose is dissolved uniformly, pouring the mixture into a reaction kettle, sealing, heating to 150-180 ℃, reacting for 2-10 hours, filtering to obtain a solid, washing the solid with the deionized water for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the carboxymethyl cellulose to the deionized water is 1: 3-10;
s2, weighing the carbon fiber microspheres, adding the carbon fiber microspheres into styrene, stirring or ultrasonically treating the mixture until the mixture is uniform, dropwise adding acetic anhydride, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 8-10 hours, cooling to room temperature, filtering to obtain a solid, washing the solid with chloroform for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain acetylated carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the carbon fiber microspheres to the styrene to the acetic anhydride is 1: 5-8: 0.1-0.5;
s3, adding the acetylated carbon fiber microspheres into styrene, stirring uniformly, adding ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring for reacting for 2-8 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with chloroform for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain modified carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the acetylated carbon fiber microspheres to the styrene to the ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is 1: 5-10: 1-1.5;
s4, weighing the modified carbon fiber microspheres and the polyphenyl ether respectively, drying at 100-110 ℃, mixing uniformly, pouring into a stirring extruder, heating to 260-280 ℃, mixing and stirring for 0.2-0.5 h, and extruding to obtain modified polyphenyl ether;
the mass ratio of the modified carbon fiber microspheres to the polyphenyl ether is 1: 8-15.
A preparation method of a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) weighing the modified polyvinyl chloride and the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride according to the formula components, mixing, placing in an internal mixer, heating to 110-150 ℃, and internally mixing for 10-15 min to obtain a mixture;
(2) after cooling the mixture treated in the step (1), weighing the flame retardant, the electromagnetic shielding material, the lubricant and the antioxidant according to the components, putting the mixture into a stirrer, heating to 160-180 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and (3) putting the mixed material treated in the step (2) into a plasticator for mixing and molding, and then extruding and granulating through an extruder to obtain the flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material.
Example 2
The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
55 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 25 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of flame retardant, 15 parts of electromagnetic shielding material, 1 part of lubricant and 0.05 part of antioxidant.
The preparation method of the modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing polyvinyl chloride powder, adding the polyvinyl chloride powder into N, N-dimethylformamide, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 hours to obtain a polyvinyl chloride mixed solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride powder to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 4-6;
s2, weighing 2, 2-dimethoxypropane, dropwise adding into the polyvinyl chloride mixed solution while stirring, after dropwise adding, adding rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride, stirring until the rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride is completely dissolved, heating to 50-60 ℃, reacting for 8-10 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with acetone for three times, then washing with deionized water for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain a polyvinyl chloride primary modified substance;
wherein the mass ratio of the 2, 2-dimethoxypropane to the rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride to the polyvinyl chloride mixed solution is 1: 0.2-0.3: 10-15;
s3, adding the polyvinyl chloride primary modified substance into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L, carrying out microwave reaction for 3-5 h, then adding graphene, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 h, standing for 6-10 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing to be neutral by using deionized water, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain modified polyvinyl chloride;
the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride primary modifier to the graphene to the sodium hydroxide solution is (1: 2-3): 5 to 8.
The preparation method of the flame retardant comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin, adding the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin into N, N-dimethylformamide, and stirring until the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin is dissolved to obtain a tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 6-10;
s2, weighing sodium niobate, adding the sodium niobate into the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution, adding a titanate coupling agent and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, stirring uniformly, pouring the mixture into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, reacting for 6-10 hours at 100-120 ℃, cooling to room temperature, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with dichloromethane, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain a flame retardant;
wherein the mass ratio of the sodium niobate, the titanate coupling agent, the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether to the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution is 1: 0.05-0.1: 0.1-0.2: 10 to 15.
The tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin is tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) aluminum porphyrin or tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) zinc porphyrin.
The titanate coupling agent is one or more of tetraisopropyl (dilauryl phosphite) titanate, isopropyl tri (dioctyl phosphoryl) titanate and isopropyl tri (dodecyl benzene sulfonyl) titanate.
The alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and/or octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.
The lubricant is one or more of stearate, paraffin, oxidized polyethylene wax and polyethylene wax.
The antioxidant is one or more of phenol antioxidant, amine antioxidant, thiobisphenol antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant.
The electromagnetic shielding material is modified polyphenyl ether.
The preparation method of the modified polyphenyl ether comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing carboxymethyl cellulose, adding the carboxymethyl cellulose into deionized water, stirring until the carboxymethyl cellulose is dissolved uniformly, pouring the mixture into a reaction kettle, sealing, heating to 150-180 ℃, reacting for 2-10 hours, filtering to obtain a solid, washing the solid with the deionized water for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the carboxymethyl cellulose to the deionized water is 1: 3-10;
s2, weighing the carbon fiber microspheres, adding the carbon fiber microspheres into styrene, stirring or ultrasonically treating the mixture until the mixture is uniform, dropwise adding acetic anhydride, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 8-10 hours, cooling to room temperature, filtering to obtain a solid, washing the solid with chloroform for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain acetylated carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the carbon fiber microspheres to the styrene to the acetic anhydride is 1: 5-8: 0.1-0.5;
s3, adding the acetylated carbon fiber microspheres into styrene, stirring uniformly, adding ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring for reacting for 2-8 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with chloroform for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain modified carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the acetylated carbon fiber microspheres to the styrene to the ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is 1: 5-10: 1-1.5;
s4, weighing the modified carbon fiber microspheres and the polyphenyl ether respectively, drying at 100-110 ℃, mixing uniformly, pouring into a stirring extruder, heating to 260-280 ℃, mixing and stirring for 0.2-0.5 h, and extruding to obtain modified polyphenyl ether;
the mass ratio of the modified carbon fiber microspheres to the polyphenyl ether is 1: 8-15.
A preparation method of a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) weighing the modified polyvinyl chloride and the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride according to the formula components, mixing, placing in an internal mixer, heating to 110-150 ℃, and internally mixing for 10-15 min to obtain a mixture;
(2) after cooling the mixture treated in the step (1), weighing the flame retardant, the electromagnetic shielding material, the lubricant and the antioxidant according to the components, putting the mixture into a stirrer, heating to 160-180 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and (3) putting the mixed material treated in the step (2) into a plasticator for mixing and molding, and then extruding and granulating through an extruder to obtain the flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material.
Example 3
The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
80 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 50 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 20 parts of flame retardant, 30 parts of electromagnetic shielding material, 6 parts of lubricant and 0.5 part of antioxidant.
The preparation method of the modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing polyvinyl chloride powder, adding the polyvinyl chloride powder into N, N-dimethylformamide, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 hours to obtain a polyvinyl chloride mixed solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride powder to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 4-6;
s2, weighing 2, 2-dimethoxypropane, dropwise adding into the polyvinyl chloride mixed solution while stirring, after dropwise adding, adding rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride, stirring until the rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride is completely dissolved, heating to 50-60 ℃, reacting for 8-10 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with acetone for three times, then washing with deionized water for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain a polyvinyl chloride primary modified substance;
wherein the mass ratio of the 2, 2-dimethoxypropane to the rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride to the polyvinyl chloride mixed solution is 1: 0.2-0.3: 10-15;
s3, adding the polyvinyl chloride primary modified substance into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L, carrying out microwave reaction for 3-5 h, then adding graphene, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 h, standing for 6-10 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing to be neutral by using deionized water, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain modified polyvinyl chloride;
the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride primary modifier to the graphene to the sodium hydroxide solution is (1: 2-3): 5 to 8.
The preparation method of the flame retardant comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin, adding the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin into N, N-dimethylformamide, and stirring until the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin is dissolved to obtain a tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 6-10;
s2, weighing sodium niobate, adding the sodium niobate into the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution, adding a titanate coupling agent and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, stirring uniformly, pouring the mixture into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, reacting for 6-10 hours at 100-120 ℃, cooling to room temperature, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with dichloromethane, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain a flame retardant;
wherein the mass ratio of the sodium niobate, the titanate coupling agent, the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether to the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution is 1: 0.05-0.1: 0.1-0.2: 10 to 15.
The tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin is tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) aluminum porphyrin or tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) zinc porphyrin.
The titanate coupling agent is one or more of tetraisopropyl (dilauryl phosphite) titanate, isopropyl tri (dioctyl phosphoryl) titanate and isopropyl tri (dodecyl benzene sulfonyl) titanate.
The alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and/or octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.
The lubricant is one or more of stearate, paraffin, oxidized polyethylene wax and polyethylene wax.
The antioxidant is one or more of phenol antioxidant, amine antioxidant, thiobisphenol antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant.
The electromagnetic shielding material is modified polyphenyl ether.
The preparation method of the modified polyphenyl ether comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing carboxymethyl cellulose, adding the carboxymethyl cellulose into deionized water, stirring until the carboxymethyl cellulose is dissolved uniformly, pouring the mixture into a reaction kettle, sealing, heating to 150-180 ℃, reacting for 2-10 hours, filtering to obtain a solid, washing the solid with the deionized water for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the carboxymethyl cellulose to the deionized water is 1: 3-10;
s2, weighing the carbon fiber microspheres, adding the carbon fiber microspheres into styrene, stirring or ultrasonically treating the mixture until the mixture is uniform, dropwise adding acetic anhydride, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 8-10 hours, cooling to room temperature, filtering to obtain a solid, washing the solid with chloroform for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain acetylated carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the carbon fiber microspheres to the styrene to the acetic anhydride is 1: 5-8: 0.1-0.5;
s3, adding the acetylated carbon fiber microspheres into styrene, stirring uniformly, adding ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring for reacting for 2-8 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with chloroform for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain modified carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the acetylated carbon fiber microspheres to the styrene to the ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is 1: 5-10: 1-1.5;
s4, weighing the modified carbon fiber microspheres and the polyphenyl ether respectively, drying at 100-110 ℃, mixing uniformly, pouring into a stirring extruder, heating to 260-280 ℃, mixing and stirring for 0.2-0.5 h, and extruding to obtain modified polyphenyl ether;
the mass ratio of the modified carbon fiber microspheres to the polyphenyl ether is 1: 8-15.
A preparation method of a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) weighing the modified polyvinyl chloride and the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride according to the formula components, mixing, placing in an internal mixer, heating to 110-150 ℃, and internally mixing for 10-15 min to obtain a mixture;
(2) after cooling the mixture treated in the step (1), weighing the flame retardant, the electromagnetic shielding material, the lubricant and the antioxidant according to the components, putting the mixture into a stirrer, heating to 160-180 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and (3) putting the mixed material treated in the step (2) into a plasticator for mixing and molding, and then extruding and granulating through an extruder to obtain the flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material.
Comparative example
The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
65 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 35 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 18 parts of flame retardant, 25 parts of electromagnetic shielding material, 3 parts of lubricant and 0.2 part of antioxidant.
The flame retardant is phosphate.
The lubricant is one or more of stearate, paraffin, oxidized polyethylene wax and polyethylene wax.
The antioxidant is one or more of phenol antioxidant, amine antioxidant, thiobisphenol antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant.
The electromagnetic shielding material is polyphenyl ether.
A preparation method of a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) weighing polyvinyl chloride and chlorinated polyvinyl chloride according to the formula components, mixing and placing in an internal mixer, heating to 110-150 ℃, and internally mixing for 10-15 min to obtain a mixture;
(2) after cooling the mixture treated in the step (1), weighing the flame retardant, the electromagnetic shielding material, the lubricant and the antioxidant according to the components, putting the mixture into a stirrer, heating to 160-180 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and (3) putting the mixed material treated in the step (2) into a plasticator for mixing and molding, and then extruding and granulating through an extruder to obtain the flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material, which comprises modified polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, a flame retardant, an electromagnetic shielding material, a lubricant and an antioxidant, wherein the components are used in a matching manner, and the finally obtained cable material has excellent insulation, shielding resistance and flame retardance.
2. Polyvinyl chloride has the advantages of flame retardance, high chemical resistance, and good mechanical strength and electrical insulation, but has poor stability to light and heat, i.e., poor weather resistance, and the use of polyvinyl chloride is limited. According to the invention, the rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride and the 2, 2-dimethoxypropane are used for modifying the polyvinyl chloride, and the modified polyvinyl chloride obtained by modification greatly enhances the weather resistance. 2, 2-dimethoxypropane is used as the most active ketal and acts on the pentacarbonyl rhenium chloride containing a large amount of carbonyl, so that the pentacarbonyl rhenium chloride is converted into porous rhenium oxide and is adsorbed and grafted on the surface of polyvinyl chloride, the rhenium oxide has excellent weather resistance, and the weather resistance of the obtained polyvinyl chloride primary modifier is further greatly improved; and then under the microwave and alkaline conditions, the graphene is loaded on the surface of the porous rhenium oxide, so that the weather resistance of the obtained modified polyvinyl chloride is more excellent.
3. The invention prepares a novel flame retardant by reacting sodium niobate with tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin. The sodium niobate can be combined with metal in the metalloporphyrin to form a substance with excellent heat-resistant and flame-retardant characteristics. Compared with the traditional metal salt as a flame retardant, the flame retardant prepared by the invention has the flame retardant characteristic of the metal salt, and the N-H bond in the raw material metalloporphyrin can form a relatively stable coordination bond with niobic acid, so that the stability of the prepared flame retardant is enhanced.
4. The modified polyphenyl ether is used as the electromagnetic shielding material, is nontoxic, transparent, small in relative density, excellent in mechanical strength, stress relaxation resistance, creep resistance, heat resistance, water resistance, steam resistance and dimensional stability, is an engineering plastic with good electrical property in a wide temperature and frequency range, is very suitable for being used as the electromagnetic shielding material, and is limited in use due to high melt viscosity, poor melt fluidity, extremely poor processing formability, poor impact resistance and other properties. According to the invention, the carbon fiber microspheres are prepared, and are modified, and then are mixed with the polyphenyl ether, so that the processing performance of the obtained modified polyphenyl ether is greatly improved, and the bonding capability with other materials is also greatly enhanced. The carbon fiber microspheres are modified by acetylating the carbon fiber microspheres and modifying the surfaces of the carbon fiber microspheres by using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, so that the coating layer can be completely and uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the carbon fiber microspheres when the carbon fiber microspheres are subjected to in-situ polymerization with polyphenyl ether on the surfaces of the carbon fiber microspheres. In addition, the polyphenyl ether is more light in weight after the carbon fiber microspheres are introduced, and light use of the material is facilitated.
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the cable materials prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention and the comparative example were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Performance testing of Cable materials
As can be seen from table 1, the cable materials prepared in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention have excellent mechanical properties and good insulating properties, and have excellent insulating properties even at high temperatures, and a high oxygen index indicates good flame retardancy and high shielding effectiveness, indicating a good shielding effect.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
55-80 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 25-50 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 10-20 parts of flame retardant, 15-30 parts of electromagnetic shielding material, 1-6 parts of lubricant and 0.05-0.5 part of antioxidant.
2. The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material according to claim 1, wherein the cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
60-70 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 30-40 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 15-20 parts of flame retardant, 20-30 parts of electromagnetic shielding material, 1-6 parts of lubricant and 0.05-0.5 part of antioxidant.
3. The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing polyvinyl chloride powder, adding the polyvinyl chloride powder into N, N-dimethylformamide, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 hours to obtain a polyvinyl chloride mixed solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride powder to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 4-6;
s2, weighing 2, 2-dimethoxypropane, dropwise adding into the polyvinyl chloride mixed solution while stirring, after dropwise adding, adding rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride, stirring until the rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride is completely dissolved, heating to 50-60 ℃, reacting for 8-10 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with acetone for three times, then washing with deionized water for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain a polyvinyl chloride primary modified substance;
wherein the mass ratio of the 2, 2-dimethoxypropane to the rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride to the polyvinyl chloride mixed solution is 1: 0.2-0.3: 10-15;
s3, adding the polyvinyl chloride primary modified substance into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L, carrying out microwave reaction for 3-5 h, then adding graphene, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 h, standing for 6-10 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing to be neutral by using deionized water, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain modified polyvinyl chloride;
the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride primary modifier to the graphene to the sodium hydroxide solution is (1: 2-3): 5 to 8.
4. The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the flame retardant comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin, adding the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin into N, N-dimethylformamide, and stirring until the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin is dissolved to obtain a tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 6-10;
s2, weighing sodium niobate, adding the sodium niobate into the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution, adding a titanate coupling agent and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, stirring uniformly, pouring the mixture into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, reacting for 6-10 hours at 100-120 ℃, cooling to room temperature, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with dichloromethane, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain a flame retardant;
wherein the mass ratio of the sodium niobate, the titanate coupling agent, the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether to the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin solution is 1: 0.05-0.1: 0.1-0.2: 10 to 15.
5. The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material according to claim 4, wherein the tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) metalloporphyrin is tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) aluminum porphyrin or tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) zinc porphyrin;
the titanate coupling agent is one or more of tetraisopropyl (dilauroyl phosphite) titanate, isopropyl tri (dioctyl phosphoryl) titanate and isopropyl tri (dodecyl benzene sulfonyl) titanate;
the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and/or octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.
6. The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant is one or more of stearate, paraffin, oxidized polyethylene wax and polyethylene wax.
7. The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is one or more of a phenolic antioxidant, an amine antioxidant, a thiobis-phenolic antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant.
8. The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic shielding material is modified polyphenylene oxide.
9. The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material according to claim 8, wherein the preparation method of the modified polyphenylene ether comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing carboxymethyl cellulose, adding the carboxymethyl cellulose into deionized water, stirring until the carboxymethyl cellulose is dissolved uniformly, pouring the mixture into a reaction kettle, sealing, heating to 150-180 ℃, reacting for 2-10 hours, filtering to obtain a solid, washing the solid with the deionized water for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the carboxymethyl cellulose to the deionized water is 1: 3-10;
s2, weighing the carbon fiber microspheres, adding the carbon fiber microspheres into styrene, stirring or ultrasonically treating the mixture until the mixture is uniform, dropwise adding acetic anhydride, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 8-10 hours, cooling to room temperature, filtering to obtain a solid, washing the solid with chloroform for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain acetylated carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the carbon fiber microspheres to the styrene to the acetic anhydride is 1: 5-8: 0.1-0.5;
s3, adding the acetylated carbon fiber microspheres into styrene, stirring uniformly, adding ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring for reacting for 2-8 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing with chloroform for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain modified carbon fiber microspheres;
wherein the mass ratio of the acetylated carbon fiber microspheres to the styrene to the ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is 1: 5-10: 1-1.5;
s4, weighing the modified carbon fiber microspheres and the polyphenyl ether respectively, drying at 100-110 ℃, mixing uniformly, pouring into a stirring extruder, heating to 260-280 ℃, mixing and stirring for 0.2-0.5 h, and extruding to obtain modified polyphenyl ether;
the mass ratio of the modified carbon fiber microspheres to the polyphenyl ether is 1: 8-15.
10. The preparation method of the flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material is characterized by being used for preparing the flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprising the following specific steps of:
(1) weighing the modified polyvinyl chloride and the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride according to the formula components, mixing, placing in an internal mixer, heating to 110-150 ℃, and internally mixing for 10-15 min to obtain a mixture;
(2) after cooling the mixture treated in the step (1), weighing the flame retardant, the electromagnetic shielding material, the lubricant and the antioxidant according to the components, putting the mixture into a stirrer, heating to 160-180 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and (3) putting the mixed material treated in the step (2) into a plasticator for mixing and molding, and then extruding and granulating through an extruder to obtain the flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation shielding control cable material.
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| CN117238570A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-12-15 | 安徽远征电缆科技有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant high-voltage cable for new energy automobile |
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| CN117238570A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-12-15 | 安徽远征电缆科技有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant high-voltage cable for new energy automobile |
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