CN111620608A - Ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material and design method thereof - Google Patents
Ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to an ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material and a design method thereof, wherein the grading distribution state of each solid component is determined according to a closest packing model when the ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material has different mixing ratios, so that a plurality of groups of matrixes with different compositions are formed; changing the mixing amount of the slender fibers in each group of matrixes, selecting one group of matrixes with the lowest mixing amount of the slender fibers as a preferred group under the condition of meeting the compressive strength, partially replacing the slender fibers in the preferred group with the slender fibers, measuring the flexural strength at different replacement rates, determining the preferred mixing amount of the slender fibers and the slender fibers according to the mixing amount of the slender fibers corresponding to the preferred group and the replacement rate meeting the flexural strength, and preparing the ultra-high-toughness cement-based composite material according to the determined preferred group combination ratio and the preferred mixing amount of the slender fibers and the slender fibers. The method provides a scientific and simple method for determining the reasonable mixing amount of the fibers so as to avoid the problems of waste caused by excessive use of the fibers and insufficient strength of the composite material caused by too little mixing amount of the fibers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of concrete materials, and particularly relates to an ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material and a design method thereof.
Background
The ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material is a novel cement-based building material combining the performances of a high-performance concrete matrix and a fiber reinforced material, and the performance of the novel cement-based building material is represented by ultra-high mechanical property and excellent durability. The ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material is developed on the basis of an active powder ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material, and has attracted wide attention once coming out, and the preparation principle mainly comprises the following steps: removing coarse aggregate, adding superfine active powder, improving the stacking compactness by a compact stacking theory, reducing the water-glue ratio by using a high-efficiency water reducing agent, and adding a proper amount of micro-fibers to enhance the toughness. The performance advantages of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material determine that the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material has unique advantages in the aspects of enhancing the mechanical stability of a building structure, prolonging the service life of the structure, and reducing the whole-cycle cost and energy consumption of the building.
The super-high-toughness cement-based composite material has excellent toughness which can meet the requirement of bridge deck pavement on the tensile strength of a concrete material, a combined bridge deck formed by combining the super-high-toughness cement-based composite material with an orthotropic plate steel bridge deck can obviously improve the rigidity of the bridge deck, reduce the stress amplitude of the orthotropic plate and improve the fatigue life of a steel bridge deck panel, and the two technical problems of damage of a steel bridge deck pavement layer and fatigue cracking of the steel bridge deck panel are solved at one step.
The mechanical property of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material is based on the toughening effect of the matrix strength and the fibers of the cement-based composite material, and the high strength of the matrix and the addition of a proper amount of fibers to form good matching are one of the key technologies for preparing the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material. However, the research on the systematic design theory of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material is not a lot of related technologies, the proper mixing amount of the fiber lacks scientific basis, the usage of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material is mainly based on experiments and experiences, no reference standard or method exists, the fiber dosage of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material is not properly selected, the prepared ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material shows relative diversity and uncontrollable performance, and the excessive use of the fiber even reduces the performance of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material and a design method thereof, which are used for avoiding the problems of waste caused by excessive use of fibers and insufficient strength of the ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material caused by too little fiber mixing amount.
In one aspect, the present application provides a method for designing an ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material, comprising the steps of:
s1, fixing the type of a cementing material in the ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material, and determining the proportion of solid particles in different mixing ratios according to a closest packing model to form a plurality of groups of matrixes with different compositions;
s2, respectively adding elongated fibers with different doping amounts into each group of matrix of S1, measuring the compressive strength of each group of matrix at different doping amounts of the elongated fibers, and selecting a group of matrix with the lowest doping amount of the elongated fibers as a preferred group under the condition of meeting the compressive strength;
s3, replacing the slender fibers in the preferred group with the slender short fibers, measuring the flexural strength of the ultra-high-toughness cement-based composite material at different substitution rates, calculating the toughening efficiency corresponding to different substitution rates, and determining the toughening efficiency meeting the requirement of the flexural strength;
s4, determining the preferred mixing amount of the elongated fibers and the fine short fibers in the preferred group according to the mixing amount of the elongated fibers corresponding to the preferred group and the substitution rate corresponding to the toughening efficiency meeting the flexural strength, and preparing the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material according to the determined mixing ratio of the preferred group and the preferred mixing amount of the elongated fibers and the fine short fibers.
Preferably, step S1 further includes fixing the total weight of the cement.
Preferably, the cementitious material comprises cement, silica fume, fly ash, mineral powder and ultrafine limestone powder.
Preferably, the formula of the closest packing model in step S1 is shown as formula (I):
wherein P (D) is the percentage of accumulated undersize particles; d is the current particle size (mum); dminMinimum particle size (μm); dmaxMaximum particle size (μm); and q is a distribution coefficient and takes the value of 0.18-0.23.
Preferably, the doping amount of the elongated fibers in the step S2 is designed to be changed within 0-7%.
Preferably, the substitution rate of the fine short fibers to the elongated fibers is designed to vary within 10% to 70% in step S3.
Preferably, the length of the slender fibers is more than or equal to 10mm, and the length of the thin short fibers is less than or equal to 8 mm.
Preferably, the elongated fibers and the short fibers are one or more of polypropylene fibers, basalt fibers, high-strength alkali-resistant glass fibers and high-strength steel fibers.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the toughening efficiency in step S3 is shown in formula (II):
wherein Y is the toughening efficiency in%; f is the flexural strength of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material when the short steel fibers and the long steel fibers are mixed, and the unit is MPa; f0The flexural strength of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material when the slender steel fibers are singly doped is MPa.
In some embodiments, step S4 further includes: and determining the optimal mixing amount of the elongated fibers and the short fibers when the optimal group meets the flexural strength according to the mixing amount of the elongated fibers corresponding to the optimal group and the optimal substitution rate corresponding to the optimal toughening efficiency when the flexural strength is met, and mixing the elongated fibers and the short fibers in the optimal mixing amount into the matrix of the optimal group to prepare the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material.
On the other hand, the application also provides an ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material, which comprises cement, silica fume, fly ash, ultrafine limestone powder, quartz sand, an additive, long and thin fibers and short fine fibers, wherein the cement comprises the following components in percentage by weight: silica fume: fly ash: superfine limestone powder: quartz sand: the admixture is 800: 150: 100: 50: 950: 20, the mixing amount of the slender fibers is 1.6 percent, and the mixing amount of the thin short fibers is 0.4 percent.
According to the design method of the ultra-high-toughness cement-based composite material, the base body with the best reinforcing effect and the single fiber mixing amount matched with the base body are preferably selected through interaction between the base bodies with different mixing ratios and the single fiber, and on the basis, the long fiber and short fiber mixing ratio of the mixed fiber in the best toughening efficiency is further preferably selected, so that the problems that waste is caused by excessive use of the fiber and the strength of the composite material is insufficient due to too little fiber mixing amount are solved.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes: the method is simple to operate, and can obviously improve the service efficiency of the fibers on the premise of ensuring that the performance of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material meets the requirements, so that the problems of waste caused by excessive use of the fibers and insufficient strength of the composite material caused by too little fiber mixing amount are avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows the grading distribution of the solid components in the present application at the closest packing of the particles;
FIG. 2 shows the 28d compressive strength of various sets of ultra-high toughness cement-based composites of the present application at different loadings of elongated steel fibers;
FIG. 3 shows the toughening efficiency of the present application for different substitution rates of the short and thin steel fibers versus the long and thin steel fibers.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that the term "cementitious material" includes cement, mineral admixtures, "mineral admixtures" include silica fume, fly ash microbeads, ultrafine limestone powder, mineral powder and low-temperature rice hull ash, "admixtures" include carboxylic acid-based superplasticizers, defoamers and rheological agents; "loading" of fiber refers to volume loading; the "substitution rate" of the fine short fibers to the elongated fibers refers to the volume substitution rate.
The long and thin fibers and the short and thin fibers adopted in the application can be selected from polypropylene fibers, basalt fibers, high-strength alkali-resistant glass fibers or high-strength steel fibers according to material types, in the application, the long and thin fibers are adopted in the embodiment 1 of the long and thin fibers, and the length is more than or equal to 10 mm; in the application, the thin short fiber in the embodiment 1 adopts thin short steel fiber, and the length is less than or equal to 8 mm.
Example 1
The preparation method of the cement-based composite material with ultrahigh toughness provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the type of a cementing material in the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material, determining the grading distribution state of each solid component at different mixing ratios according to a closest packing model, and forming a plurality of groups of matrixes with different compositions:
selecting cement and mineral admixture (comprising silica fume, fly ash, mineral powder and superfine limestone powder) as a cementing material, adopting quartz sand as an aggregate, and determining the particle size distribution condition of each solid component in the cementing material. As shown in table 1, three sets of substrates with different mix ratios were designed.
TABLE 1 solid component content (kg/m) of each of three groups of matrices3)
As shown in Table 1, the quartz sand content in the three groups of matrixes with different mixing ratios is 950kg/m3The content of the additive is 20kg/m3The content of the cementing material is 1100kg/m3Wherein: the silica fume is 150kg/m3The superfine limestone powder is 50kg/m3The contents of cement, fly ash and mineral powder are different.
Calculating the grading distribution state of each solid component of three groups of matrixes with different mixing proportions when the particles are packed most tightly according to a closest packing model, wherein the formula of the closest packing model is shown as the formula (I):
wherein P (D) is the percentage of accumulated undersize particles; d is the current particle size (mum); dminIs the minimum particle diameter(μm)；DmaxMaximum particle size (μm); q is a distribution coefficient, and the value of q is 0.23.
Fig. 1 shows the grading distribution of the solid components when the particles are most closely packed.
S2, respectively adding elongated fibers with different doping amounts into three groups of matrixes shown in Table 1, measuring the compressive strength of each group of matrixes when the doping amounts of the elongated fibers are different, and selecting one group of matrixes with the lowest doping amount of the elongated fibers as a preferred group under the condition of meeting the compressive strength:
elongated steel fibers with the doping amounts of 0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5% and 4% are respectively added into three groups of matrixes with different mixing ratios shown in table 1, and the adopted elongated steel fibers have the diameter of 0.2mm and the length of 12 mm.
The 28d cube compressive strength test is carried out on the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material added with the elongated steel fibers according to active powder ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material (GB/T31387-2015), and the obtained results are shown in fig. 2, and the results show that the compressive strength of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material is obviously increased along with the increase of the elongated steel fibers, the increase rate of the compressive strength of each group of ultra-high toughness cement-based composite materials is different in a fiber mixing increase interval of 0-3%, wherein the strength of the group A is relatively rapidly increased. When the mixing amount of the slender steel fibers is 0, the compressive strengths of the A group, the B group and the C group are respectively 101MPa, 98MPa and 104MPa, and when the mixing amount of the slender steel fibers is increased to 2.0%, the compressive strengths of the A group, the B group and the C group respectively reach 143MPa, 149MPa and 145 MPa. When the mixing amount of the slender steel fibers exceeds 3 percent and then is increased continuously, the compressive strength of each group of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite materials is not increased any more and even begins to be reduced, when the mixing amount of the slender steel fibers is increased to 4 percent, the compressive strength of each group of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite materials is obviously reduced, and at the moment, the mixing amount of the slender steel fibers is increased, so that the effect of enhancing the compressive strength of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite materials cannot be achieved, and the waste of the slender steel fibers is caused.
When the design requirement of the compressive strength of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material is 145MPa, according to the principle of 'low fiber mixing amount and high compressive strength', the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material in the group B can meet the design requirement of the compressive strength, and compared with the prior art, the mixing amount of the slender steel fibers is lower, and the mixing amount of the slender steel fibers is about 2%, so that the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material in the group B is selected as a preferred group, and the mixing ratio composition of the preferred group is shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 preferred group mix ratios
S3, replacing the slender fibers in the preferred group with the slender short fibers, measuring the flexural strength of the ultra-high-toughness cement-based composite material at different substitution rates, calculating the toughening efficiency corresponding to different substitution rates, and determining the toughening efficiency meeting the flexural strength and the optimal toughening efficiency:
the slender steel fibers in the preferred group shown in the figure 2 are taken from the slender steel fiber part with the diameter of 0.12mm and the length of 8mm, and the substitution rates of the slender steel fibers by the slender steel fibers are respectively 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%, and the total is six groups.
According to active powder ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material (GB/T31387-2015), when the thin and short steel fibers respectively replace 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of the long and thin steel fibers, the 28d flexural strength of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material is 23.1MPa, 28.3MPa, 32.4MPa, 25.3MPa, 24.6MPa and 23.5MPa in sequence.
Calculating the toughening efficiency of the slender steel fibers with different substitution rates of the slender steel fibers by the slender steel fibers according to the formula (II):
wherein Y is the toughening efficiency in%; f is the flexural strength of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material when the short steel fibers and the long steel fibers are mixed, and the unit is MPa; f0The flexural strength of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material when the slender steel fibers are singly doped is MPa.
As shown in fig. 3, compared with the method of singly doping the elongated steel fibers, the flexural strength of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material doped with the short and elongated steel fibers is improved, and the toughening efficiency of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material is obviously different when the substitution rate of the short and elongated steel fibers for the elongated steel fibers is different, wherein when the substitution rate of the short and elongated steel fibers for the short and elongated steel fibers is 20%, the toughening efficiency of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material is improved to the greatest extent, and the optimal toughening efficiency is determined to be 40.3%.
S4, determining the optimal mixing amount of the long and thin fibers and the short fibers according to the substitution rate corresponding to the optimal toughening efficiency and the mixing amount of the long and thin fibers corresponding to the optimal group, determining the mixing ratio of the optimal group as the optimal mixing ratio, and mixing the long and thin fibers and the short fibers with the optimal mixing amount into the matrix of the optimal group to prepare the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material:
according to the design requirement that the breaking strength is not less than 30MPa, when 20% of the fine and short steel fibers are substituted for the fine and long steel fibers, the breaking strength of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material 28d is 32.4MPa, the requirement on the breaking strength can be met, and the improvement range of the toughening efficiency of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material is maximum. According to the preferred group corresponding to the elongated fiber content of 2% and the fine and short steel fibers replacing 20% of the elongated steel fibers, the optimal elongated fiber content is calculated to be 1.6%, and the optimal fine and short fiber content is calculated to be 0.4%.
And determining the mixing ratio of the optimal group as the optimal mixing ratio, namely cement: silica fume: fly ash: superfine limestone powder: quartz sand: the admixture is 800: 150: 100: 50: 950: 20, preparing the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material according to the optimal mixing proportion, the optimal mixing amount of the long and thin fibers and the optimal mixing amount of the short and thin fibers.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A design method of an ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, fixing the type of a cementing material in the ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material, and determining the proportion of solid particles in different mixing ratios according to a closest packing model to form a plurality of groups of matrixes with different compositions;
s2, respectively adding elongated fibers with different doping amounts into each group of matrix of S1, measuring the compressive strength of each group of matrix at different doping amounts of the elongated fibers, and selecting a group of matrix with the lowest doping amount of the elongated fibers as a preferred group under the condition of meeting the compressive strength;
s3, replacing the slender fibers in the preferred group with the slender short fibers, measuring the flexural strength of the ultra-high-toughness cement-based composite material at different substitution rates, calculating the toughening efficiency corresponding to different substitution rates, and determining the toughening efficiency meeting the requirement of the flexural strength;
s4, determining the preferred mixing amount of the elongated fibers and the fine short fibers in the preferred group according to the mixing amount of the elongated fibers corresponding to the preferred group and the substitution rate corresponding to the toughening efficiency meeting the flexural strength, and preparing the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material according to the determined mixing ratio of the preferred group and the preferred mixing amount of the elongated fibers and the fine short fibers.
2. The method of designing an ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step S1 also includes fixing the total weight of the cementitious material.
3. The method of designing an ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the cementing material comprises cement, silica fume, fly ash, mineral powder and superfine limestone powder.
4. The method of designing an ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the formula of the closest packing model is shown as formula (I):
wherein P (D) is the percentage of accumulated undersize particles; d is the current particle size (mum); dminMinimum particle size (μm); dmaxMaximum particle size (μm); and q is a distribution coefficient and takes the value of 0.18-0.23.
5. The method of designing an ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the doping amount of the slender fibers is designed to be changed within 0-7%.
6. The method of designing an ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the substitution rate of the staple fibers with the long and thin fibers is designed to vary within a range of 10% to 70%.
7. The method of designing an ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the length of the long and thin fibers is more than or equal to 10mm, and the length of the short and thin fibers is less than or equal to 8 mm; the long and short fibers are one or more of polypropylene fibers, basalt fibers, high-strength alkali-resistant glass fibers and high-strength steel fibers.
8. The method of designing an ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the formula for calculating the toughening efficiency is shown in formula (II):
wherein Y is the toughening efficiency in%; f is the flexural strength of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material when the short steel fibers and the long steel fibers are mixed, and the unit is MPa; f0The flexural strength of the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material when the slender steel fibers are singly doped is MPa.
9. The method of designing an ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step S4 further includes: and determining the optimal mixing amount of the elongated fibers and the short fibers when the optimal group meets the flexural strength according to the mixing amount of the elongated fibers corresponding to the optimal group and the optimal substitution rate corresponding to the optimal toughening efficiency when the flexural strength is met, and mixing the elongated fibers and the short fibers in the optimal mixing amount into the matrix of the optimal group to prepare the ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material.
10. An ultra-high toughness cement-based composite material is characterized in that: the cement mortar comprises cement, silica fume, fly ash, superfine limestone powder, quartz sand, an additive, long and thin fibers and short and thin fibers, wherein the cement comprises the following components in parts by weight: silica fume: fly ash: superfine limestone powder: quartz sand: the admixture is 800: 150: 100: 50: 950: 20, the mixing amount of the slender fibers is 1.6 percent, and the mixing amount of the thin short fibers is 0.4 percent.
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| WO2023113874A1 (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-06-22 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Designing cement that withstands perforations and other impact loads |
| CN116597926A (en) * | 2023-06-02 | 2023-08-15 | 山东大学 | Design system and method for high-ductility cement-based repair material for dichotomy crack development |
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