CN111619054A - Degradable agricultural film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Degradable agricultural film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111619054A CN111619054A CN202010493618.1A CN202010493618A CN111619054A CN 111619054 A CN111619054 A CN 111619054A CN 202010493618 A CN202010493618 A CN 202010493618A CN 111619054 A CN111619054 A CN 111619054A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/24—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length
- B29C41/26—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length by depositing flowable material on a rotating drum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C37/0092—Drying moulded articles or half products, e.g. preforms, during or after moulding or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/34—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C41/46—Heating or cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2303/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2303/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2423/06—Polyethene
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- C08J2491/00—Characterised by the use of oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof
- C08J2491/06—Waxes
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a degradable agricultural film and the agricultural film, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture; putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude the colloid; casting the colloid on a casting machine to form a film; drying and cooling the film to obtain a degradable agricultural film; the raw materials comprise: 100 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride and 120 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride; 5-15 parts of inorganic nonmetal; 0.8-2 parts of plasticizer. The thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride, the inorganic non-metallic material and the plasticizer are used as raw materials, and the raw materials are extruded and molded to form a film through casting, the film is degradable, no pollution residue is left after degradation, the soil can be adjusted after degradation, and the film has the special functions of blocking infrared radiation and adsorbing fertilizer peculiar smell; strong air permeability and high water permeability, and the permeability of carbon dioxide gas is high, so that the respiration of crops can be enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural films, in particular to a degradable agricultural film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Among the prior art, the most commonly used are agricultural plastic mulch films, which suffer from a number of disadvantages: the mulching film can not be degraded in the field, needs to be manually recycled, and if part of the mulching film is remained in the soil, huge pollution is caused to the soil and the environment; can only play a simple role in heat preservation and freeze protection, has more defects in comprehensive, is complicated in use process, is difficult to recover and has pollution. The degradable mulching films appearing in recent years have high cost and low cost performance, and are not easy to accept by farmers; the function can only play a role of degradation, and residues exist in the degraded part. The additional function is less, and the environment is easily polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a degradable agricultural film and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the existing film is not easy to degrade, is easy to generate pollution and is poor in air permeability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a method for preparing a degradable agricultural film according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture;
putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude colloid;
casting the colloid into a film on a casting machine;
drying and cooling the film to obtain a degradable agricultural film;
wherein the raw materials comprise:
100 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride and 120 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride;
5-15 parts of inorganic nonmetal;
0.8-2 parts of plasticizer.
Wherein, the raw materials also include:
0.2-2 parts of lubricant;
0.2 to 0.6 weight portion of nucleating agent.
The preparation method of the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
evenly mixing the paraffin, the polyvinyl chloride master batch and the low-density polyethylene to obtain a mixture;
adding corn starch and a stabilizer into the mixture, and reacting at the temperature of below 50 ℃ and the pH of 4.5-6.5 to obtain the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride.
Wherein the inorganic nonmetal comprises:
illite; and/or
At least one of quartz, kaolin, limestone, potassium feldspar, albite, micaceous stone and montmorillonite.
Wherein the inorganic nonmetal comprises: SiO 2260-80％、Al2O310-30％、K2O 4-8％、Na2O 0.5-1.5％、CaO 0-1％、MgO 0-1％。
Wherein the inorganic nonmetal is loaded with rare earth ions.
In a second aspect, a degradable agricultural film according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
100 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride and 120 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride;
5-15 parts of inorganic nonmetal;
1-2 parts of plasticizer.
Wherein, still include:
0.2-2 parts of lubricant;
0.2 to 0.6 weight portion of nucleating agent.
Wherein the inorganic nonmetal comprises:
illite; and/or
At least one of quartz, kaolin, limestone, potassium feldspar, albite, micaceous stone and montmorillonite.
Wherein the inorganic nonmetal is loaded with rare earth ions.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the preparation method of the degradable agricultural film, the raw materials are mixed to obtain a mixture; putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude colloid; casting the colloid into a film on a casting machine; drying and cooling the film to obtain a degradable agricultural film; the raw materials comprise: 100 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride and 120 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride; 8-15 parts of inorganic nonmetal; 0.8-2 parts of plasticizer. In the preparation process, thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride, inorganic non-metallic materials and plasticizer are used as raw materials, and the raw materials are extruded and molded to form a film through casting, wherein the film can be widely used for agricultural mulching films and agricultural greenhouse films, is degradable and has no pollution residue after degradation; the inorganic nonmetal has outstanding reinforcement and better heat resistance, and the nonmetal material can catalyze and degrade the film, thereby solving the problem that the traditional plastic film is not degradable or has residue after degradation to cause white pollution, and the soil can be adjusted after degradation; compared with other agricultural films, the film has the advantages of infrared radiation blocking, outstanding heat preservation and special function of absorbing fertilizer peculiar smell; compared with other films, the film has strong air permeability and high water permeability, has high carbon dioxide gas permeability, can strengthen the respiration of crops, and is beneficial to the growth of fruits and vegetables.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
The method for preparing the degradable agricultural film according to the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for preparing a degradable agricultural film according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
step S1, mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture;
step S2, putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude colloid;
step S3, casting the colloid into a film on a casting machine;
step S4, drying and cooling the film to obtain a degradable agricultural film;
wherein the raw materials comprise:
100 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride and 120 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride;
5-15 parts of inorganic nonmetal;
0.8-2 parts of plasticizer.
That is, in the above preparation process, the raw materials are uniformly mixed according to a certain proportion, and a certain solvent, such as water, can be added; putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude colloid; casting the colloid into a film on a casting machine, for example, casting the colloid into a film on a drum casting machine; and finally, drying, cooling, cutting edges and rolling to obtain the degradable agricultural film, for example, the degradable agricultural film can be extruded, cast and cooled, measured in thickness, pulled and cut, flattened to remove static electricity and rolled to obtain a rolled film, and the thickness, width and length of the film can be cut according to actual requirements. The raw materials can be added into a screw rod of an extruder barrel to be mixed and stirred for 20-30min to extrude colloid, the temperature is controlled at 180-200 ℃, and the temperatures of four zones of a double-screw extruder can be respectively as follows: the feeding section is 100 ℃, the compression section is 130 ℃, the metering section is 140 ℃, the machine head section is 160 ℃, the screw rotating speed is 35r/min, and the transparent colloid is extruded and then put on a drum casting machine for casting, film forming and cooling. The casting machine can be heated by adopting an oil bath of a mold temperature controller, the surface temperature of the casting roller is controlled at 52 ℃, the gap between the knife edge of the casting machine and the casting roller is adjusted to be 0.35mm thick, and the rotating speed of the casting roller is controlled at 3 m/min.
In the preparation process, thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride, inorganic non-metallic materials and a plasticizer are used as raw materials, the inorganic non-metallic materials can be nanoparticles, and the inorganic non-metallic materials are extruded and molded to form a film through casting, the film can be widely used for agricultural mulching films and agricultural greenhouse films, and is degradable and free of pollution residue after degradation; the inorganic nonmetal has outstanding reinforcement and better heat resistance, and the nonmetal material can catalyze and degrade the film, thereby solving the problem that the traditional plastic film is not degradable or has residue after degradation to cause white pollution, and the soil can be adjusted after degradation; compared with other agricultural films, the film has the advantages of infrared radiation blocking, outstanding heat preservation and special function of absorbing fertilizer peculiar smell; compared with other films, the film has strong air permeability and high water permeability, has high carbon dioxide gas permeability, can strengthen the respiration of crops, and is beneficial to the growth of fruits and vegetables.
In some embodiments of the invention, the feedstock may further comprise: 0.2-2 parts of lubricant and 0.2-0.6 part of nucleating agent, wherein the lubricant is favorable for extrusion and tape casting, and the nucleating agent is favorable for foaming and film forming. The lubricant can be paraffin, the nucleating agent can be talcum powder, and the plasticizer can be trinonyl citrate, so that the environment-friendly effect is realized.
In other embodiments, the method for preparing thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride may comprise:
evenly mixing the paraffin, the polyvinyl chloride master batch and the low-density polyethylene to obtain a mixture;
adding corn starch and a stabilizer into the mixture, reacting at the temperature of below 50 ℃ and the pH of 4.5-6.5 to obtain the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride, and slowly feeding or stopping feeding when the temperature is too high. The stabilizing agent can comprise sorbitol, the stabilizing agent can comprise sorbitol and salicylic acid rare earth, the reaction temperature can be 35-50 ℃, and the reaction is carried out under the condition that the PH is 4.5-6.5, so that the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride is obtained, the performance of the polyvinyl chloride can be improved through the starch, the degradation is facilitated under the condition that certain high strength is ensured, and the air permeability is better.
In embodiments of the invention, the inorganic non-metals may include:
illite; and/or
At least one of quartz, kaolin, limestone, potassium feldspar, albite, micaceous stone and montmorillonite.
For example, the inorganic nonmetal can comprise illite and kaolin, the illite is rich in active potassium and has a nitrogen fixation function, and the plastic film is degraded to facilitate plant absorption and can be used as an agricultural fertilizer and a soil conditioner; the illite can release negative ions, has outstanding reinforcing property and better heat resistance, can catalyze and degrade the plastic film, solves the problem that the traditional plastic film is not degradable or has residues after degradation to cause white pollution, and can adjust soil after degradation; the film also has the advantages of infrared radiation blocking, peculiar smell adsorption, outstanding heat preservation and the like.
In some embodiments, the inorganic non-metals may include: SiO 2260-80％、Al2O310-20％、K2O4-8％、Na20.5 to 1.5 percent of O, 0 to 1 percent of CaO and 0 to 1 percent of MgO. The performance of the film can be improved, so that the film has certain strength and better air permeability. Can be prepared by the above illite; and/or at least one of quartz, kaolin, limestone, potassium feldspar, albite, micanite and montmorillonite is subjected to coordination regulation, so that SiO in the inorganic nonmetal is obtained2、Al2O3、K2O、Na2The contents of O, CaO and MgO are in the above-mentioned ranges. Further, SiO may be added as required2、Al2O3、K2O、Na2One or more of O, CaO and MgOMultiple, to adjust the content of the corresponding components.
Optionally, the inorganic nonmetal is loaded with rare earth ions, for example, illite can be loaded with rare earth ions, illite, kaolin and limestone can be loaded with rare earth ions respectively, and the rare earth ions can sterilize and disinfect, release negative ions, facilitate odor adsorption and catalyze and degrade the plastic film. Wherein, the content of the rare earth ions in the inorganic nonmetal can be more than or equal to 1000 μ g/g, and the rare earth ions can include: scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, inorganic nonmetal with particle size of 10-50 μm is beneficial to uniformly dispersing in the film. The functionality of the inorganic non-metallic material includes: the ion generation amount is more than or equal to 1000ions/cm3(1Kg of material at 1m3Space internal measurement), the peculiar smell adsorption efficiency is more than or equal to 80 percent, the peculiar smell adsorption durability is more than or equal to 70 percent, the degradation time meets the national standard, and the infrared ray blocking rate is more than or equal to 50 percent.
The embodiment of the invention provides a degradable agricultural film.
The degradable agricultural film comprises: 100 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride and 120 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride; 5-15 parts of inorganic nonmetal; 1-2 parts of plasticizer.
In the preparation process, thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride, inorganic non-metallic materials and plasticizer are used as raw materials, and the raw materials are extruded and molded to form a film through casting, wherein the film can be widely used for agricultural mulching films and agricultural greenhouse films, is degradable and has no pollution residue after degradation; the inorganic nonmetal has outstanding reinforcement and better heat resistance, and the nonmetal material can catalyze and degrade the film, thereby solving the problem that the traditional plastic film is not degradable or has residue after degradation to cause white pollution, and the soil can be adjusted after degradation; compared with other agricultural films, the film has the advantages of infrared radiation blocking, outstanding heat preservation and special function of absorbing fertilizer peculiar smell; compared with other films, the film has strong air permeability and high water permeability, has high carbon dioxide gas permeability, can strengthen the respiration of crops, and is beneficial to the growth of fruits and vegetables.
In some embodiments, the degradable agricultural film may further include: 0.2 to 2 parts of lubricant and 0.2 to 0.6 part of nucleating agent. The lubricant is beneficial to extrusion and flow casting in the process of processing the film, and the nucleating agent is beneficial to foaming and film forming.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic nonmetal may include:
illite; and/or
At least one of quartz, kaolin, limestone, potassium feldspar, albite, micaceous stone and montmorillonite.
For example, the inorganic nonmetal can comprise illite and kaolin, negative ions can be released through the illite, the illite has outstanding reinforcing property and better heat resistance, the illite can catalyze and degrade the plastic film, the problem that the traditional plastic film is not degradable or remains after degradation to cause white pollution is solved, and the soil can be adjusted after degradation; the film also has the advantages of infrared radiation blocking, peculiar smell adsorption, outstanding heat preservation and the like. In some embodiments, the inorganic non-metals may include: SiO 2260-80％、Al2O310-20％、K2O 4-8％、Na20.5 to 1.5 percent of O, 0 to 1 percent of CaO and 78 to 1 percent of MgO 0. The performance of the film can be improved, so that the film has certain strength and better air permeability. Can be prepared by the above illite; and/or at least one of quartz, kaolin, limestone, potassium feldspar, albite, micanite and montmorillonite is subjected to coordination regulation, so that SiO in the inorganic nonmetal is obtained2、Al2O3、K2O、Na2The contents of O, CaO and MgO are in the above-mentioned ranges. Further, SiO may be added as required2、Al2O3、K2O、Na2One or more of O, CaO and MgO to adjust the contents of the respective components.
Optionally, the inorganic nonmetal has rare earth ions loaded therein. For example, rare earth ions can be loaded on illite, kaolin and limestone respectively, sterilization and disinfection can be realized through the rare earth ions, negative ions can be released, peculiar smell adsorption can be facilitated, and the plastic film can be degraded in a catalytic mode. Wherein the content of rare earth ions in the inorganic nonmetal is greater than or equal toAt 1000. mu.g/g, the rare earth ions may include: scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, inorganic nonmetal with particle size of 10-50 μm is beneficial to uniformly dispersing in the film. The functionality of the inorganic non-metallic material includes: the ion generation amount is more than or equal to 1000ions/cm3(1Kg of material at 1m3Space internal measurement), the peculiar smell adsorption efficiency is more than or equal to 80 percent, the peculiar smell adsorption durability is more than or equal to 70 percent, the degradation time meets the national standard, and the infrared ray blocking rate is more than or equal to 50 percent.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
Mixing the raw materials, and uniformly stirring at 50 ℃ at 200r/min to obtain a mixture;
putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude the colloid;
casting the colloid into a film on a casting machine;
drying, cooling, cutting edges and rolling the film to obtain a degradable agricultural film;
wherein, the raw materials include: 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride, 12 parts by weight of inorganic nonmetal, 1.5 parts by weight of plasticizer, 0.2 part by weight of lubricant and 0.6 part by weight of nucleating agent; the inorganic nonmetal is illite and kaolin loaded with rare earth ions, the plasticizer is trinonyl citrate, the lubricant is paraffin, the nucleating agent is talcum powder, and the content of the rare earth ions in the inorganic nonmetal is 1000 mug/g;
the preparation method of the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 0.6 part by weight of paraffin, 20 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride master batch and 30 parts by weight of low-density polyethylene to obtain a mixture;
and adding 25 parts by weight of corn starch and 2 parts by weight of sorbitol into the mixture, and reacting for 30min at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the pH value of 4.5 to obtain the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride.
Example 2
Mixing the raw materials, and uniformly stirring at 50 ℃ at 200r/min to obtain a mixture;
putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude the colloid;
casting the colloid into a film on a casting machine;
drying, cooling, cutting edges and rolling the film to obtain a degradable agricultural film;
wherein, the raw materials include: 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride, 8 parts by weight of inorganic nonmetal, 2 parts by weight of plasticizer, 1 part by weight of lubricant and 0.2 part by weight of nucleating agent; the inorganic nonmetal is illite and kaolin loaded with rare earth ions, the plasticizer is trinonyl citrate, the lubricant is paraffin, the nucleating agent is talcum powder, and the content of the rare earth ions in the inorganic nonmetal is 1200 mu g/g;
the preparation method of the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 1 part by weight of paraffin, 30 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride master batch and 15 parts by weight of low-density polyethylene to obtain a mixture;
and adding 20 parts by weight of corn starch and 0.5 part by weight of sorbitol into the mixture, and reacting for 20min at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the pH of 6.5 to obtain the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride.
Example 3
Mixing the raw materials, and uniformly stirring at 50 ℃ at 200r/min to obtain a mixture;
putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude the colloid;
casting the colloid into a film on a casting machine;
drying, cooling, cutting edges and rolling the film to obtain a degradable agricultural film;
wherein, the raw materials include: 120 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride, 15 parts of inorganic nonmetal, 0.8 part of plasticizer, 2 parts of lubricant and 0.4 part of nucleating agent; the inorganic nonmetal is illite and kaolin loaded with rare earth ions, the plasticizer is trinonyl citrate, the lubricant is paraffin, the nucleating agent is talcum powder, and the content of the rare earth ions in the inorganic nonmetal is 1500 mug/g;
the preparation method of the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 1.5 parts by weight of paraffin, 30 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride master batch and 40 parts by weight of low-density polyethylene to obtain a mixture;
and adding 20 parts by weight of corn starch and 2 parts by weight of sorbitol into the mixture, and reacting for 25min at the temperature of 45 ℃ and the pH of 5 to obtain the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride.
Example 4
Mixing the raw materials, and uniformly stirring at 50 ℃ at 200r/min to obtain a mixture;
putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude the colloid;
casting the colloid into a film on a casting machine;
drying, cooling, cutting edges and rolling the film to obtain a degradable agricultural film;
wherein, the raw materials include: 110 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride, 5 parts of inorganic nonmetal, 1 part of plasticizer, 1 part of lubricant and 0.3 part of nucleating agent; the inorganic nonmetal is illite and kaolin loaded with rare earth ions, the plasticizer is trinonyl citrate, the lubricant is paraffin, the nucleating agent is talcum powder, and the content of the rare earth ions in the inorganic nonmetal is 1200 mu g/g;
the preparation method of the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 2 parts by weight of paraffin, 15 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride master batch and 35 parts by weight of low-density polyethylene to obtain a mixture;
and adding 30 parts by weight of corn starch and 2.5 parts by weight of sorbitol into the mixture, and reacting for 25min at the temperature of 45 ℃ and the pH of 5 to obtain the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride.
Example 5
Mixing the raw materials, and uniformly stirring at 50 ℃ at 200r/min to obtain a mixture;
putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude the colloid;
casting the colloid into a film on a casting machine;
drying, cooling, cutting edges and rolling the film to obtain a degradable agricultural film;
wherein, the raw materials include: 100 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride, 8 parts of inorganic nonmetal, 1 part of plasticizer and 12 parts of water; the inorganic nonmetal is illite and kaolin loaded with rare earth ions, the plasticizer is trinonyl citrate, the lubricant is paraffin, the nucleating agent is talcum powder, and the content of the rare earth ions in the inorganic nonmetal is 1400 mu g/g;
the preparation method of the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 5 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride master batch and 30 parts by weight of low-density polyethylene to obtain a mixture;
and adding 30 parts by weight of corn starch, 1 part by weight of sorbitol and 1 part by weight of heat stabilizer (salicylic acid rare earth) into the mixture, and reacting for 25min at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the pH of 5 to obtain the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride.
Example 6
Mixing the raw materials, and uniformly stirring at 50 ℃ at 200r/min to obtain a mixture;
putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude the colloid;
casting the colloid into a film on a casting machine;
drying, cooling, cutting edges and rolling the film to obtain a degradable agricultural film;
wherein, the raw materials include: 120 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride, 15 parts of inorganic nonmetal, 2 parts of plasticizer and 20 parts of water; the inorganic nonmetal is illite and kaolin loaded with rare earth ions, the plasticizer is trinonyl citrate, the lubricant is paraffin, the nucleating agent is talcum powder, and the content of the rare earth ions in the inorganic nonmetal is 1300 mu g/g;
the preparation method of the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 5 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride master batch and 30 parts by weight of low-density polyethylene to obtain a mixture;
and adding 30 parts by weight of corn starch, 1 part by weight of sorbitol and 1 part by weight of heat stabilizer (salicylic acid rare earth) into the mixture, and reacting for 25min at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the pH of 5 to obtain the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride.
Example 7
Mixing the raw materials, and uniformly stirring at 50 ℃ at 200r/min to obtain a mixture;
putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude the colloid;
casting the colloid into a film on a casting machine;
drying, cooling, cutting edges and rolling the film to obtain a degradable agricultural film;
wherein, the raw materials include: 110 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of inorganic nonmetal, 1 part of plasticizer and 15 parts of water; the inorganic nonmetal is illite and kaolin loaded with rare earth ions, the plasticizer is trinonyl citrate, the lubricant is paraffin, the nucleating agent is talcum powder, and the content of the rare earth ions in the inorganic nonmetal is 1200 mu g/g;
the preparation method of the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 5 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride master batch and 30 parts by weight of low-density polyethylene to obtain a mixture;
and adding 30 parts by weight of corn starch, 1 part by weight of sorbitol and 1 part by weight of heat stabilizer (salicylic acid rare earth) into the mixture, and reacting for 20min at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the pH of 6 to obtain the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride.
Comparative example 1: the only difference from example 5 is the use of conventional unmodified polyvinyl chloride;
comparative example 2: only the difference from example 5 is that no inorganic nonmetal is added;
comparative example 3: the only difference from example 5 is that the added inorganic non-metal is not loaded with functional ions.
The mechanical properties and mechanical properties of the agricultural mulching film obtained by the implementation and comparison schemes are respectively tested according to GB/T1040.3-2006 and GB/T2410-2008, and the results are shown in Table 1; the degradation performance of the obtained agricultural mulching film is tested according to GB/T20197-2006, and the result is shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 Properties of the different films
TABLE 2 degradation Properties of different films
The film disclosed by the invention has the advantages of better performance, high strength, good light transmittance, capability of meeting the requirements, easiness in degradation and no environmental pollution.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships are changed accordingly.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a degradable agricultural film, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture;
putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder to extrude colloid;
casting the colloid into a film on a casting machine;
drying and cooling the film to obtain a degradable agricultural film;
wherein the raw materials comprise:
100 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride and 120 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride;
5-15 parts of inorganic nonmetal;
0.8-2 parts of plasticizer.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the feedstock further comprises:
0.2-2 parts of lubricant;
0.2 to 0.6 weight portion of nucleating agent.
3. The method for preparing the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following steps:
evenly mixing the paraffin, the polyvinyl chloride master batch and the low-density polyethylene to obtain a mixture;
adding corn starch and a stabilizer into the mixture, and reacting at the temperature of below 50 ℃ and the pH of 4.5-6.5 to obtain the thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the inorganic nonmetal comprises:
illite; and/or
At least one of quartz, kaolin, limestone, potassium feldspar, albite, micaceous stone and montmorillonite.
5. The method of claim 1 or 4, wherein the inorganic nonmetal comprises: SiO 2260-80％、Al2O310-30％、K2O 4-8％、Na2O 0.5-1.5％、CaO 0-1％、MgO 0-1％。
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic nonmetal is loaded with rare earth ions.
7. A degradable agricultural film, comprising:
100 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride and 120 parts of thermoplastic starch modified polyvinyl chloride;
5-15 parts of inorganic nonmetal;
1-2 parts of plasticizer.
8. The degradable agricultural film of claim 7, further comprising:
0.2-2 parts of lubricant;
0.2 to 0.6 weight portion of nucleating agent.
9. The degradable agricultural film of claim 7, wherein the inorganic nonmetal comprises:
illite; and/or
At least one of quartz, kaolin, limestone, potassium feldspar, albite, micaceous stone and montmorillonite.
10. The degradable agricultural film of claim 7, wherein the inorganic nonmetal is loaded with rare earth ions.
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