CN111618655A - Quantitative evaluation method for health degree of ball screw of numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Quantitative evaluation method for health degree of ball screw of numerical control machine tool Download PDF

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CN111618655A
CN111618655A CN201911204656.4A CN201911204656A CN111618655A CN 111618655 A CN111618655 A CN 111618655A CN 201911204656 A CN201911204656 A CN 201911204656A CN 111618655 A CN111618655 A CN 111618655A
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index
ball screw
formula
health
machine tool
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梁帆
余旸
吴书睿
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Guangdong Prophet Big Data Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/007Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for managing machine functions not concerning the tool
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/007Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for managing machine functions not concerning the tool
    • B23Q17/008Life management for parts of the machine

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Abstract

The invention discloses a health degree quantitative evaluation method for a ball screw of a numerical control machine tool; s1, removing noise from the collected vibration signal and voltage signal generated by the ball screw in the working state of the machine tool, calculating a characteristic index, and obtaining the current health index of the equipment according to a formula; s2, substituting the health index into a formula solution equation to obtain the service life of the ball screw of the current equipment; and S3, putting the service life into a formula to obtain a health prediction formula of the equipment. The invention can predict the health condition of the ball screw of the machine tool and quantitatively display the health condition, prevent equipment failure in advance, prolong the working period of the equipment, avoid economic loss of factories and the like caused by untimely maintenance of parts, can be suitable for various working environments and has wide applicability.

Description

Quantitative evaluation method for health degree of ball screw of numerical control machine tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining and data analysis, in particular to a method for quantitatively evaluating the health degree of a ball screw of a numerical control machine tool.
Background
The ball screw is an important precise accessory of a machine tool, has an obvious function of guaranteeing the processing precision in the processing, the aging and health degree of the ball screw directly influence the yield of products, faults generated by the ball screw are various, a fixed mode is absent, gradual faults exist, and the faults are more serious along with the use time; sometimes a sudden failure, generally without noticeable symptoms. The faults are generated by various adverse factors and external combined action, once the faults occur, the quality of products is influenced, machine tool shutdown and factory shutdown are seriously caused, and the production of enterprises is seriously influenced. Therefore, a method capable of effectively detecting and predicting the health of the ball screw is required to be found, indexes such as the residual service life of machine parts are predicted, real-time detection of the indexes is realized, faults are prevented in advance, the health degree is quantitatively evaluated, maintenance decisions are facilitated, the product quality is guaranteed, and the probability of machine shutdown and factory shutdown is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for quantitatively evaluating the health degree of a ball screw of a numerically-controlled machine tool, which is used for establishing a predictive formula to predict the health state of a spindle in real time by performing data acquisition and analysis on the ball screw of the machine tool, so as to effectively solve the problems existing in the above technical background.
S1, preprocessing the collected vibration signals and current signals generated by the ball screw in the working state of the machine tool, then calculating a characteristic index, and obtaining the current health index of the equipment according to a formula;
s2, substituting the health index into a formula solution equation to obtain the service life t of the ball screw of the current equipment;
and S3, putting the service life into a formula to obtain a health prediction formula of the equipment.
The method for preprocessing the S1 signal is as follows:
s11, preprocessing the data, filling missing values and modifying abnormal values;
s12, calculating the characteristic index by using the processed data, which comprises the following steps:
s121, calculating the following data characteristics: the average value of the vibration signal, the standard deviation of the vibration signal, the kurtosis of the vibration signal, the wave form factor of the vibration signal, the margin factor of the vibration signal, the spectral kurtosis of the vibration signal, the standard deviation of the spectral kurtosis and the average value of the voltage signal;
s122, substituting the data characteristics into a formula to obtain an instantaneous impact index SI, a missing wear index AI and an environmental interference index RI;
s123, substituting the instantaneous impact index SI, the missing wear index AI and the environmental interference index RI into a formula to obtain an equipment damage degree index S;
s13, substituting the equipment damage degree index S into a formula to obtain the current health index h of the equipment, wherein the formula is that h is 100-S
Further, a method for quantitatively evaluating health degree of ball screw of a numerical control machine tool is characterized in that in step S122, the instantaneous impact index SI is obtained by substituting a kurtosis K of a vibration signal, a form factor S of the vibration signal, a spectral kurtosis St of the vibration signal, and a standard deviation Sts of the spectral kurtosis into a formula, wherein the formula is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002358918490000021
wherein C isT、CFTime domain correction parameters and frequency domain correction parameters, respectively
The missing wear index AI is represented by the margin factor I of the vibration signal with the following formula:
AI=CI∑I2in which C isITo correct the coefficient for impact
The environmental interference index RI is calculated by substituting the mean value U of the voltage signal, the mean value U of the vibration signal and the standard deviation s of the vibration signal into the following formula;
RI=CUU+ln(|u|+1)+CSs, wherein CUTo correct the coefficient C for the voltageSFor correcting the coefficient for deviation
Further, a method for quantitatively evaluating the health degree of the ball screw of the numerical control machine tool is characterized in that in step S122, the formula is as follows:
s=AI×(SI+C×N-1) + RI, C is the basic dynamic rated load (N) of the equipment
Further, the method for quantitatively evaluating the health degree of the ball screw of the numerical control machine is characterized in that in the step S2, the formula is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002358918490000022
wherein L is the service life, C1, N, m and K are correction coefficients, C is the basic dynamic load (N), fw is the load coefficient, F is the bearing load (N), N is the number of round trips per minute, and L is the stroke length (mm).
Furthermore, the method for quantitatively evaluating the health degree of the ball screw of the numerical control machine tool is characterized in that in the step S3, the formulas are as follows, wherein H is f (T + T), and Rt is L-T
Wherein T is the time from the current time to the prediction point, H is the health prediction value after the time T, and Rt is the residual life of the ball screw.
The invention has the advantages of
The invention can effectively predict the health index of the ball screw of the numerical control machine tool, quantitatively display the health index, assist decision-making, prepare maintenance accessories in advance, avoid loss caused by long-time shutdown, cover multiple links aiming at numerical control machines with different styles in an intelligent factory, improve the compatibility of equipment, realize unified prediction of the residual life of various numerical control machines and provide a more optimized maintenance and management scheme.
The method has the advantages of simple operation, convenient parameter modification, easy formula understanding, no need of strong mathematical capacity and suitability for various working environments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of a quantitative evaluation method for the health degree of a ball screw of a numerical control machine tool;
FIG. 2-1 is a large window diagram of vibration original signals of a ball screw of a numerically controlled machine tool;
FIG. 2-2 is a small window diagram of vibration original signals of a ball screw of the numerical control machine;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the voltage raw signal of the ball screw of the numerically controlled machine tool;
FIG. 4 is a full life cycle health index prediction curve for a ball screw of a numerically controlled machine tool;
FIG. 5 is a health index prediction curve for a numerically controlled machine tool ball screw;
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described by the following specific examples in conjunction with the drawings, which are provided for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
S1, removing noise from the collected vibration signal and voltage signal generated by the ball screw in the working state of the machine tool, calculating a characteristic index, and obtaining the current health index of the equipment according to a formula;
in the step S1, the parameter CT=1.5CF=0.78CI=2.31×10-4CU=0.17CS=1.58
The AI is calculated to be 3.32 × 10-3SI=1062 RI=1.03
C=1850N s=AI×(SI+C×N-1)+RI=10.7
The health index h obtained by calculation is 89.3;
s2, substituting the health index into a formula solution equation to obtain the service life of the ball screw of the current equipment;
in step S2, the service life calculated by C1 ═ 21, N ═ 3.54, m ═ 3.5, L ═ 12600, and K ═ 71 is 3700 (h);
s3, putting the service life into a formula to obtain a health prediction formula of the equipment, wherein in the step S3, the formula for obtaining the residual service life is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002358918490000031
wherein T is the time between the current point and the predicted point, H is the predicted health value after the time T, and Rt is the remaining life (H) of the ball screw.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, as the used service life increases and the remaining service life decreases, the health index of the ball screw is continuously decreased, and the health degree of the ball screw can be intuitively predicted and displayed.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A quantitative evaluation method for the health degree of a ball screw of a numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, preprocessing the collected vibration signals and voltage signals generated by the ball screw in the working state of the machine tool, then calculating a characteristic index, and obtaining the current health index of the equipment according to a formula;
s2, substituting the health index into a formula solution equation to obtain the service life t of the ball screw of the current equipment;
and S3, putting the service life into a formula to obtain a health prediction formula of the equipment.
2. The method for quantitatively evaluating the health degree of the ball screw of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the steps of preprocessing the vibration signal and the voltage signal and calculating the characteristic index and the equipment health index of S1 are as follows:
s11, preprocessing the vibration signal and the voltage signal generated by the ball screw when the machine tool is in the working state,
s12, calculating a characteristic index by using the processed data;
and S13, substituting the equipment damage degree index S into a formula to obtain the current health index h of the equipment, wherein the formula is h-100-S.
3. The method for quantitatively evaluating the health degree of the ball screw of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the signal preprocessing method of S11 is to preprocess data, fill in missing values, and modify abnormal values; in S12, the specific steps of calculating the characteristic index using the processed data are as follows:
s121, calculating the following data characteristics: the average value of the vibration signal, the standard deviation of the vibration signal, the kurtosis of the vibration signal, the wave form factor of the vibration signal, the margin factor of the vibration signal, the spectral kurtosis of the vibration signal, the standard deviation of the spectral kurtosis and the average value of the voltage signal;
s122, substituting the data characteristics into a formula to obtain an instantaneous impact index SI, a missing wear index AI and an environmental interference index RI;
and S123, substituting the instantaneous impact index SI, the missing wear index AI and the environmental interference index RI into a formula to obtain an equipment damage degree index S.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the instantaneous impact index SI in step S122 is obtained by substituting the kurtosis K of the vibration signal, the form factor S of the vibration signal, the spectral kurtosis St of the vibration signal, and the standard deviation St of the spectral kurtosis into a formula:
Figure FDA0002296686440000011
wherein C isT、CFTime domain correction parameters and frequency domain correction parameters, respectively
The missing abrasion index AI is represented by a margin factor I of the vibration signal as the following formula:
AI=CI∑I2in which C isITo correct the coefficient for impact
The environmental interference index RI is calculated by substituting the mean value U of the voltage signal, the mean value U of the vibration signal and the standard deviation s of the vibration signal into the following formula;
RI=CUU+ln(|u|+1)+CSs, wherein CUTo correct the coefficient C for the voltageSIs a deviation correction coefficient.
5. The method for quantitatively evaluating the health degree of the ball screw of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the formula of the step S123 is as follows:
s=AI×(SI+C×N-1) + RI, C is the basic dynamic load rating (N) of the device.
6. The method for quantitatively evaluating the health degree of the ball screw of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 has the following formula:
Figure FDA0002296686440000021
wherein L is the working life, C1, N, m are correction coefficients, C is the basic dynamic load (N), fw is the load coefficient, F is the bearing load (N), N is the number of round trips per minute, and L is the stroke length (mm).
7. The method for quantitatively evaluating the health degree of the ball screw of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 is represented by the following formula:
H=f(T+t),Rt=L-t
wherein T is the time from the current time to the prediction point, H is the health prediction value after the time T, and Rt is the residual life of the ball screw.
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CN113642618A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-11-12 上海展湾信息科技有限公司 Method and equipment for state prediction model training of screw device
CN117451348A (en) * 2023-12-26 2024-01-26 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Screw device detection method and device, electronic device and storage medium

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CN102435436A (en) * 2011-11-24 2012-05-02 电子科技大学 Method for evaluating degradation of state of fan bearing
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CN117451348A (en) * 2023-12-26 2024-01-26 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Screw device detection method and device, electronic device and storage medium

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