Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the application provides an impact-resistant and wear-resistant self-protection flux-cored wire, which has the advantages of simple formula, high deposition efficiency, high melting bath melting speed and extremely high wear resistance.
In order to achieve the technical effect, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
the invention provides an impact-resistant and wear-resistant self-protection flux-cored wire, which comprises a cold-rolled low-carbon steel strip and powder, wherein the powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass of the total mass of the flux-cored wire: 30-38% of high-carbon ferrochrome powder, 1.7-2.5% of high-carbon ferromanganese powder, 4.5-5.5% of ferroboron powder, 0.5-1.5% of ferromolybdenum powder, 0-0.5% of nickel powder, 1-2% of microlite ink powder, 0.5-1.5% of rare earth elements, 0.2-0.5% of bismuth oxide and 1-2% of calcium silicate powder.
Wherein the high carbon ferrochrome powder may be 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, etc., the high carbon ferromanganese powder may be 1.8%, 1.9%, 2.0%, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, etc., the ferroboron powder may be 4.6%, 4.7%, 4.8%, 4.9%, 5.0%, 5.1%, 5.2%, 5.3%, 5.4%, etc., the ferromolybdenum powder may be 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, etc., the microcrystalline graphite powder may be 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, etc., the rare earth element may be 0.6%, 0.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 0.9%, 1.1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, etc., the rare earth element may be 0%, 0.6%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 0.4%, 0%, 0.9%, 0%, 1.2%, 1.4%, 3%, 1.4%, etc., the rare earth element may be 0%, 0.25%, etc., the rare earth element may be 0, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, etc., and the percentage by mass of the calcium silicate powder may be 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, etc., but it is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the above numerical ranges are also applicable.
In the invention, B element, rare earth element, graphite and calcium silicate powder are added while the content of Cr, Ni, Mo and other basic metal elements is ensured.
B exists as interstitial atoms and can directly form boride through interaction with alloy elements; boron can also shift the eutectic point of the high-chromium alloy to the left, is favorable for generating a primary phase, replaces part of carbon, and is dissolved in M in a solid manner3C,M7C3And M23C6In the carbide matrix, the C-B composite hard phase is synthesized in situ, so that the abrasion is mainly carried out by micro-cutting of abrasive particles. In addition, boron has a small amount of solid solution in the iron matrix, and generally gathers in the vicinity of grain boundaries to act as grain boundary strengthening.
In the present invention, the rare earth element can promote M7C3Heterogeneous nucleation of carbides allows for uniform distribution of carbides, thereby enhancing the resistance of the hardfacing alloy to plastic deformation and scratching during wear.
Graphite and alloy elements can form carbide at the welding temperature, so that the hardness and the wear resistance of the surfacing alloy are improved. The graphite has strong oxidizability at high temperature of the welding arc, forms CO gas after oxidation, and can be used as protective gas of a welding pool. The graphite is a strong deoxidizer at high temperature, so that the transition of alloy elements can be ensured, and in addition, the deoxidation reaction of the graphite can generate a large amount of heat, thereby being beneficial to the thermal ionization of metal and improving the arc striking and stabilizing performances of the welding wire.
In the present invention, the silico-calcium powder is used as calcium additive, deoxidant, desulfurizing agent and modifier for non-metal inclusion in steel industry. In the invention, a proper amount of calcium silicate powder is added to increase the contents of calcium element and silicon element in the welding wire, especially calcium, which not only has strong affinity with oxygen, but also has strong affinity with sulfur and nitrogen, thereby playing roles of deoxidation and desulfurization. And the silicon-oxygen product is easy to float and remove, so that the possibility of welding defects such as air holes, slag inclusion and the like in the welding layer is reduced.
In the invention, the low-carbon cold-rolled steel strip is a common raw material of the flux-cored wire in the field, so the specific composition of the low-carbon cold-rolled steel strip is not described herein.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the carbon content of the high-carbon ferrochrome powder is 6-10 wt%, the chromium content is 65-75 wt%, preferably the carbon content is 8 wt%, and the chromium content is 70 wt%.
The carbon content may be 6.5 wt%, 7 wt%, 7.5 wt%, 8 wt%, 8.5 wt%, 9 wt%, or 9.5 wt%, and the chromium content may be 66 wt%, 67 wt%, 68 wt%, 69 wt%, 70 wt%, 71 wt%, 72 wt%, 73 wt%, or 74 wt%, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the above-mentioned ranges of values are also applicable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the carbon content of the high-carbon ferromanganese alloy powder is 6-10 wt%, the manganese content is 70-80 wt%, preferably the carbon content is 8 wt%, and the manganese content is 75 wt%.
The content of carbon may be 6.5 wt%, 7 wt%, 7.5 wt%, 8 wt%, 8.5 wt%, 9 wt%, or 9.5 wt%, etc., and the content of manganese may be 71 wt%, 72 wt%, 73 wt%, 74 wt%, 75 wt%, 76 wt%, 77 wt%, 78 wt%, or 79 wt%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the content of boron in the ferroboron powder is 15 to 25 wt%, such as 16 wt%, 17 wt%, 18 wt%, 19 wt%, 20 wt%, 21 wt%, 22 wt%, 23 wt%, or 24 wt%, but is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not shown in the above-mentioned range are also applicable, and preferably 20 wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the content of molybdenum in the roughcast iron powder is 55 to 65 wt%, such as 56 wt%, 57 wt%, 58 wt%, 59 wt%, 60 wt%, 61 wt%, 62 wt%, 63 wt%, or 64 wt%, but is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not shown in the above-mentioned range are also applicable, and preferably 60 wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nickel powder contains nickel in an amount of more than 99 wt%, such as 99.1 wt%, 99.2 wt%, 99.3 wt%, 99.4 wt%, 99.5 wt%, 99.6 wt%, 99.7 wt%, 99.8 wt%, or 99.9 wt%, but the nickel powder is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not shown in the above-mentioned values are also applicable.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carbon content in the microlite toner is more than 98 wt%, such as 98.2 wt%, 98.5 wt%, 98.8 wt%, 99 wt%, 99.2 wt%, 99.5 wt%, or 99.9 wt%, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bismuth oxide content of the bismuth oxide is greater than 99.5 wt%, such as 99.6 wt%, 99.7 wt%, 99.8 wt%, or 99.9 wt%, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the recited values are also applicable.
Preferably, the silicon content of silicon calcium is 50-60 wt%, the calcium content is 28-32 wt%, and preferably the silicon content is 55 wt%.
The content of silicon may be 51 wt%, 52 wt%, 53 wt%, 54 wt%, 55 wt%, 56 wt%, 57 wt%, 58 wt%, or 59 wt%, and the content of calcium may be 28.5 wt%, 29 wt%, 29.5 wt%, 30 wt%, 30.5 wt%, 31 wt%, or 31.5 wt%, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rare earth element comprises any one or a combination of at least two of cerium, yttrium or neodymium, typical but non-limiting examples of which are: combinations of cerium and yttrium, yttrium and neodymium, neodymium and cerium, or cerium, yttrium and neodymium, and the like.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filling factor of the powder in the flux-cored wire is 48% to 50.6%, such as 48.5%, 48.6%, 48.8%, 49.0%, 49.2%, 49.5%, 49.6%, 49.7%, 49.8%, 49.9%, 50.0%, 51.1%, 51.2%, 51.3%, 51.4%, 51.5%, or 51.6%, but is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not listed in the above-mentioned range are also applicable.
Preferably, the wire diameter Φ of the flux-cored wire is 2.8 to 3.2mm, such as 2.85mm, 2.9mm, 2.95mm, 3.0mm, 3.05mm, 3.1mm, or 3.15mm, and the like, and is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides an impact-resistant and wear-resistant self-protection flux-cored wire, which has a simple formula, simplifies production procedures and saves production cost on the premise of also achieving the using effect;
(2) the invention provides an impact-resistant and wear-resistant self-protection flux-cored wire, wherein the content of non-metal mineral substances in the formula components of the flux-cored wire is not more than 5% of the total amount of the flux-cored wire at most, and compared with the similar flux-cored wire, the yield of the flux-cored wire is improved by 20%, the deposition efficiency is high, the melting bath melting speed is high, and the production efficiency is high;
(3) the invention provides an impact-resistant and wear-resistant self-protection flux-cored wire, wherein carbides of the flux-cored wire are densely distributed in a fiber shape and are vertical to the wear direction, and Cr in a metallographic structure7C3The carbide is hexagonal in the wear surface, the total volume fraction is up to more than 50%, the wear resistance is extremely high, and is 20 times of that of low-carbon steel and 8 times of that of heat-treated wear-resistant steel.
Example 5
The embodiment provides an impact-resistant and wear-resistant self-protection flux-cored wire, which comprises a cold-rolled low-carbon steel strip and powder, wherein the powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass of the total mass of the flux-cored wire: 37% of high-carbon ferrochrome powder, 1.9% of high-carbon ferromanganese powder, 5.5% of ferroboron powder, 1.2% of ferromolybdenum powder, 0.3% of nickel powder, 1.5% of microlite ink powder and 1.5% of rare earth elements. 0.4 percent of bismuth oxide and 2 percent of calcium silicate powder. The packing factor is 51.3%.
Wherein, the high-carbon ferrochrome powder requires 15% of carbon and 65% of chromium; the high-carbon ferromanganese alloy powder requires that the carbon content is 9.2 percent and the manganese content is 76 percent; the boron iron powder requires 17% of boron, 65% of molybdenum, 99.5% of nickel, 99.5% of carbon, and 99.8% of bismuth oxide; the silicon calcium powder requires that the silicon content is 60 percent and the calcium content is 28 percent.
Welding technological parameters are as follows: the swing welding lattice jumping distance is 33mm, and the swing arc distance is 35 mm.
The current 380A, the voltage 29V and the extending length of the welding wire are 40 mm.
Average hardness value HRC62.1, M7C3Accounting for more than 50 percent, and the abrasion rate is 0.147g/6k revs.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example was carried out under the same conditions as in example 1 except that the rare earth element was replaced with the equal-mass high-carbon ferrochrome powder.
Average hardness value HRC60.2, M7C3The content is more than 50 percent, the hardness and the total amount of carbide are still reasonable, but the hardness distribution is not uniform, the deviation is large, and the carbide is in an aggregated state. The abrasion rate was 0.188g/6k revs.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example was carried out under the same conditions as in example 1 except that ferroboron powder was replaced with equal-quality high-carbon ferrochrome powder.
The average hardness value HRC56.2 and the abrasion rate is 0.227g/6k revs.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example was conducted under the same conditions as in example 1 except that the microlite toner was replaced with a high-carbon ferrochrome powder of equal quality.
The average hardness value HRC52.2 and the abrasion rate is 0.301g/6k revs.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example was carried out under the same conditions as in example 1 except that calcium-silicon powder was replaced with equal-quality high-carbon ferrochrome powder.
The spattering and the smoke dust are obviously larger in the welding process, the surface is rough after welding, and the interior is slightly filled with slag.
The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed structural features. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of selected components of the present invention, additions of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.